CN113464174B - Construction method of tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system - Google Patents
Construction method of tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113464174B CN113464174B CN202110756158.1A CN202110756158A CN113464174B CN 113464174 B CN113464174 B CN 113464174B CN 202110756158 A CN202110756158 A CN 202110756158A CN 113464174 B CN113464174 B CN 113464174B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/227—Gutters; Channels ; Roof drainage discharge ducts set in sidewalks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/385—Sealing means positioned between adjacent lining members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a tunnel drainage waterproof comprehensive treatment system, wherein the comprehensive treatment system comprises an external water interception system, an external drainage system, a tunnel waterproof system and a tunnel drainage system; the outer drainage system comprises an outer water-resisting layer and an outer drainage ditch connected to one side of the outer water-resisting layer close to the tunnel opening, the tunnel waterproof system comprises a waterproof layer arranged in the lining, and the tunnel drainage system comprises side drainage ditches and the like on two sides of the road surface in the tunnel; the invention effectively discharges and prevents a large amount of running water in the period of water collection and rainwater of the slope body at the upper part of the tunnel through the outer water interception tank, the outer water isolation layer and the outer drainage ditch of the tunnel; the water in the cracks and karst cave in the tunnel can be dredged and discharged through a waterproof layer, a first water stop, a circumferential drain pipe and the like in the tunnel; the water flow in the reinforced tunnel lining is discharged through the retaining wall by being connected with the annular drain pipe through the water discharge hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of a tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system.
Background
In tunnel construction, in order to guarantee its normal operation can establish drainage facility in the tunnel generally, can let the tunnel guarantee its major structure's safety in the use like this, extension and guarantee the life. In the current tunnel construction, a drainage system of cast-in-place concrete is generally adopted, so that the problems of low construction efficiency and difficult quality guarantee exist, and a drainage pipeline is easily blocked in the process of casting concrete. And after the drainage system is put into normal use, the concrete drainage ditch and the concrete inspection well which are cast in situ are easy to crack, so that water enters the tunnel bottom, and thus, the diseases such as slurry and mud are caused. In addition, the integrated drainage is carried out through the tunnel waterproof drainage, but the targeted design of comprehensive drainage on the outer side, the bottom and the inner side of the tunnel is lacking, so that the drainage amount is small, and the capability of resisting adverse environmental factors is small.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of a tunnel drainage waterproof comprehensive treatment system, which is used for solving the technical problems of comprehensive drainage outside and inside a tunnel and at the bottom of the tunnel and one-time completion of prefabricated pipe joint supporting, aligning and tensioning.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the construction method of the tunnel drainage waterproof comprehensive treatment system comprises an external water interception system, an external drainage system, a tunnel waterproof system and a tunnel drainage system; the outer water interception system comprises an outer water interception tank on the ground and a conveying pipeline from the water interception tank to a water collection position, the outer drainage system comprises an outer water isolation layer and an outer drainage ditch connected to one side, close to a tunnel opening, of the outer water isolation layer, the tunnel water prevention system comprises a waterproof layer arranged in a lining, a first water stop strip arranged in the lining and a second water stop strip arranged in an inverted arch, and the tunnel drainage system comprises side drainage ditches on two sides of a road surface in a tunnel, a central drainage ditch arranged on the lower part of the center of the road surface, a circular drainage pipe and a longitudinal drainage pipe arranged in the lining, and a ditch transverse drainage pipe and a transverse drainage blind ditch arranged at the bottom of the tunnel;
the construction method of the comprehensive treatment system comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, at least one water interception tank is arranged on the outer ground on a rock body before tunnel construction, the length direction of the water interception tank is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel, and a horizontal outer water-resisting layer is arranged on the outer ground below the water interception tank; an outer drainage ditch is arranged on one side of the outer water-resisting layer, which is close to the tunnel excavation opening, and an anti-drop wall is arranged on the outer side of the outer drainage ditch;
step two, when the tunnel is excavated, after lining concrete reaches 70% of the design strength, the back of the arch ring is smeared and leveled by mortar; fully paving waterproof layers in primary linings of the open cut tunnel body and the hidden tunnel body of the tunnel; a waterproof layer is designed according to different areas of the open cut tunnel and the hidden tunnel;
constructing a circumferential drain pipe and a longitudinal drain pipe in advance between the waterproof layer and the peripheral line of the tunnel, wherein the circumferential drain pipe and the longitudinal drain pipe are buried in the calandria positioning grooves, foot filling layers with positioning grooves are arranged at the bottoms of the calandria positioning grooves, the circumferential drain pipes are arranged at intervals along the arched periphery of the tunnel, and the longitudinal drain pipe is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel at the arch foot; the peripheries of the annular drain pipe and the longitudinal drain pipe are wrapped by waterproof layers;
burying a first water stop at a circumferential construction joint between the primary lining and the secondary lining of the tunnel, burying a second water stop at a construction joint between the inverted arches, and overlapping the first water stop and the second water stop at arch feet;
fifthly, a central drainage ditch and side drainage ditches are arranged in a tunnel base layer between the inverted arch and a tunnel pavement, the central drainage ditches are arranged in the middle of the pavement and along the advancing direction of the tunnel, and the side drainage ditches are arranged on two sides and along the advancing direction of the tunnel; a transverse drainage blind ditch is arranged between the two side drainage ditches, and a longitudinal drainage blind ditch is connected between the two parallel transverse drainage blind ditches;
step six, a transverse drain pipe is also vertically connected between the central drain pipe and the longitudinal drain pipe, and the height of the side, connected with the central drain pipe, of the transverse drain pipe is lower than that of the side, connected with the longitudinal drain pipe, of the transverse drain pipe; side drainage shallow grooves are also arranged on two sides of the tunnel pavement; and the transverse drain pipes are also provided with transverse drain branch pipes at intervals;
seventh, during construction, a retaining wall is arranged on one side of the tunnel, and a water drain hole is reserved on the retaining wall; a waterproof layer is arranged at the joint of the retaining wall and the tunnel side line, and a circumferential drain pipe and a longitudinal drain pipe are correspondingly arranged in the retaining wall; thereby forming a three-dimensional comprehensive water-proof treatment system.
Furthermore, the anti-falling wall is formed by pouring waterproof concrete in the first step, and an anti-seismic connecting rib is further connected between the bottom of the anti-falling wall and the tunnel; the outer waterproof layer is paved by clay, and the height of the outer waterproof layer is not lower than the top height of the outer drainage ditch.
Further, in the second step, a waterproof layer in the open cut tunnel adopts non-woven fabrics, EVA waterproof boards and non-woven fabrics, and a hot air double-weld construction process is adopted; the hidden hole body is fully paved with a waterproof layer except the inverted arch, the waterproof layer adopts an EVA waterproof plate and non-woven fabrics, and a hot air double-weld construction process is adopted; the non-woven fabric and the waterproof board are not compounded; and pre-drilling an advance support on the top of the blind hole body.
Furthermore, for the underground water collected by the longitudinal drainage hidden pipes and the water seepage under the road surface in the step three, the water seepage flows into the central drainage ditch through the transverse branch pipes, one inspection well is arranged in the central drainage ditch at intervals of 300m, and a sand sedimentation tank is arranged between every two inspection wells; the underground water is discharged outside the hole through the central drainage ditch.
Further, the setting range of the outer intercepting ditch is not smaller than the width of the tunnel, and the inclination setting corresponds to intercepting running water on the slope of the tunnel; the outer drainage ditch at the lower part of the outer water interception ditch discharges the running water at the upper part of the outer drainage ditch or the running water led down from the lower part of the outer water interception ditch to the lower part of the slope to be led away from the tunnel portal.
Further, in the fifth step, the longitudinal drainage blind drain and the transverse drainage blind drain are both arranged in the tunnel base layer above the central drainage drain, and the transverse drainage blind drain is inclined towards one end; wherein the vertical drainage blind ditch is arranged below the drainage shallow groove on the opposite side and is connected with the transverse drainage pipe through a connecting pipe.
Further, for the sixth step, two ends of the shallow drainage groove are connected into side drainage ditches at two sides of the tunnel road; the side drainage ditch blocks underground capillary water and discharges water which permeates into the pavement structure from the surface.
In the seventh step, the drain hole is higher than the side far from the tunnel at the side close to the tunnel and has an inclination not less than 5%; the inclination of the transverse drain pipe is not less than 2%.
Further, the water discharge hole is connected with the annular drain pipe, and water is discharged outside the tunnel through the annular drain pipe; the annular drain pipe and the waterproof layer are connected with the retaining wall through a step shape, and the height of the top surface of the step is at least more than half of the height of the retaining wall; the annular drain pipe is provided with water diversion ports at intervals.
Further, setting a settlement joint or an anti-seismic joint at the position of 5-12m away from the opening of the opening section without the open cut tunnel, at the position of changing the lining structure and at the interval of about 48m between the continuous V-level surrounding rocks, wherein the joint width is not less than 5cm, and the waterproof adopts a buried steel edge rubber water stop belt and a back-attached water stop belt; and arranging an anti-seismic seam at the light-dark interface of the hole, the interface between the covering layer and the bedrock, the soft-hard rock interface, the shallow-buried and deep-buried interface, the shallow-buried surface topography abrupt change position and the poor section of the V-level surrounding rock of the hole.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The invention effectively discharges and prevents a large amount of running water in the period of water collection and rainwater of the slope body at the upper part of the tunnel through the outer water interception tank, the outer water isolation layer and the outer drainage ditch of the tunnel; in addition, the outside of the outer drainage ditch is provided with an anti-falling wall, so that the interception of large-volume falling objects under the flushing of rainwater is further ensured, and the arrangement of the anti-seismic connecting ribs can further ensure the organic combination of an outer anti-water drainage structure and a tunnel;
2) According to the invention, through the waterproof layer, the first water stop, the side drainage ditch, the central drainage ditch, the side drainage shallow groove, the longitudinal drainage blind ditch, the annular drainage pipe and the like in the tunnel, the water in the crevice and the karst cave in the tunnel can be dredged and discharged, and the water seepage in the tunnel lining can be prevented and discharged in a targeted manner; and the water body above the inverted arch and the pavement in the tunnel is discharged in a centralized system;
3) The invention is connected with the annular drain pipe through the water discharge hole, which is beneficial to strengthening the drainage of the rock mass in the tunnel and ensuring the integral stress stability;
additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention; the primary object and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of construction setting connection of a tunnel open cut tunnel drainage structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel blind hole drainage structure construction setting connection;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a longitudinal drain, a waterproof layer and a connection structure thereof;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal drain, a waterproof layer and a connection structure thereof;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a central drain and its connection structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a lateral drain branch structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a lateral drain branch structure II;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an in-tunnel drain connection;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel waterproof grouting construction;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an out-tunnel waterproof and drainage structure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a water interception tank structure;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer drain.
Reference numerals: 1-tunnel, 2-lining, 201-primary lining, 202-secondary lining, 3-inverted arch, 301-first inverted arch, 302-second inverted arch, 4-waterproof layer, 5-first water stop, 6-road surface, 7-side drainage ditch, 8-central drainage ditch, 9-side drainage shallow slot, 10-longitudinal drainage blind ditch, 11-retaining wall, 12-drainage hole, 13-circumferential drain pipe, 14-calandria positioning slot, 15-longitudinal drain pipe, 16-tunnel outer edge line, 17-foot filling layer, 18-transverse drain pipe, 19-tunnel design datum line, 20-second water stop, 21-transverse drainage blind ditch, 22-road surface cushion layer, 23-transverse drainage branch pipe, 24-tunnel base layer, 25-connecting channel, 26-inspection well, 27-rock body, 28-grouting pipe, 29-advanced support, 30-outer ground, 31-water cut-off slot, 32-outer drainage ditch, 33-outer drainage ditch, 34-seismic tie bar.
Detailed Description
Taking a tunnel in southwest of China as an example, a drainage and waterproof integrated treatment system is adopted for drainage in the tunnel, wherein the integrated treatment system comprises an external water interception system, an external drainage system, a tunnel waterproof system and a tunnel drainage system. The outer water interception system comprises an intercepting tank 31 on the outer ground 30 and a conveying pipeline from the intercepting tank 31 to a water collecting position, the outer drainage system comprises an outer water isolation layer 32 and an outer drainage ditch 33 connected to one side, close to a tunnel 1, of the outer water isolation layer 32, the tunnel water prevention system comprises a waterproof layer 41 arranged in a lining 2, a first water stop strip 5 arranged in the lining 2 and a second water stop strip 20 arranged in an inverted arch 3, the tunnel drainage system comprises side drainage ditches 7 on two sides of a road surface 6 in a tunnel 1, a central drainage ditch 8 arranged at the central lower part of the road surface 6, a circular drainage pipe 13 and a longitudinal drainage pipe 15 arranged in the lining 2, and a ditch transverse drainage pipe 18 and a transverse drainage blind ditch 21 arranged at the bottom of the tunnel 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the construction method of the integrated processing system is further described in detail, and specific steps are as follows:
firstly, before the tunnel 1 is constructed, at least one water interception groove 31 is arranged on the outer ground 30 on the rock body 27, the length direction of the water interception groove 31 is vertical to the length direction of the tunnel 1, and a horizontal outer water-resisting layer 32 is arranged on the outer ground 30 below the water interception groove 31; an outer drainage ditch 33 is arranged on one side of the outer water-resisting layer 32 close to the excavation opening of the tunnel 1, and an anti-drop wall is arranged on the outer side of the outer drainage ditch 33; the anti-drop wall is formed by pouring waterproof concrete, and an anti-seismic connecting rib 34 is also connected between the bottom of the anti-drop wall and the tunnel 1; the outer water-blocking layer 32 is paved by clay and has a height not lower than the top height of the outer drainage ditch 33. The anti-seismic connecting ribs 34 are arranged in an annular arch ring, the annular spacing is 50cm, and the length of a single connecting rib is 80cm.
In the embodiment, the setting range of the outer intercepting ditch is not smaller than the width of the tunnel 1, and the inclination setting corresponds to intercepting the slope running water of the tunnel 1; the outer drainage ditch 33 at the lower part of the outer intercepting ditch discharges the running water at the upper part of the outer intercepting ditch or the running water led down from the lower part of the outer intercepting ditch to the lower part of the slope to be led away from the opening of the tunnel 1. The horizontal distance from the outer intercepting ditch to the top of the temporary excavation line is more than 500cm.
Step two, when the tunnel 1 is excavated, after the concrete of the lining 2 reaches 70% of the design strength, the back of the arch ring is smeared with mortar and leveled; the primary lining 201 of the open cut tunnel body and the hidden tunnel body of the tunnel 1 is fully paved with a waterproof layer 41; and the waterproof layer 41 is designed according to different areas of the open cut tunnel and the hidden tunnel; the waterproof layer 41 in the open cut tunnel adopts non-woven fabrics, EVA waterproof boards and non-woven fabrics, and adopts a hot air double-weld construction process; the hidden hole body is fully paved with a waterproof layer 41 except the inverted arch 3, the waterproof layer 41 adopts an EVA waterproof plate and non-woven fabrics, and a hot air double-weld construction process is adopted; the non-woven fabric and the waterproof board are not compounded; and pre-drilling an advance support 29 on the top of the cavity body.
In this embodiment, after defining the tunnel design datum line 19, the tunnel advance support 29 includes a big pipe shed, a small pipe and a cartridge anchor rod, as an auxiliary measure for ensuring the stratum stability during excavation; wherein the V-stage surrounding rock tunnel section adopts a pipe shed, and the other V-stage surrounding rock sections adopt small-conduit advanced support 29; the IV-level surrounding rock of the cave body is provided with a steel frame section, and a cartridge anchor rod advanced support 29 is adopted.
In this embodiment, the secondary lining 2 is cast with waterproof concrete, and casting is performed by installing grouting pipes 28 in the lower gap of the waterproof layer 41. When pouring, a dense micro-expansion agent or a waterproofing agent such as HEA, TL, UEA or the like or an expansion agent is added into the concrete to achieve the purposes of dense lining 2, crack resistance and water resistance, and the water resistance grade of the waterproof concrete is not less than S8.
Step three, constructing a circumferential drain pipe 13 and a longitudinal drain pipe 15 in advance between the waterproof layer 41 and the tunnel outer edge line 16, wherein the circumferential drain pipe 13 and the longitudinal drain pipe 15 are buried in a calandria positioning groove 14, a foot filling layer 17 with a positioning groove is arranged at the bottom, the circumferential drain pipe 13 is arranged at intervals along the arched periphery of the tunnel 1, and the longitudinal drain pipe 15 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 1 at an arch foot; the circumferences of the circumferential drain pipe 13 and the longitudinal drain pipe 15 are wrapped by the waterproof layer 41; the underground water collected by the longitudinal drainage hidden pipes and the pavement 6 permeate water and flow into the central drainage ditch 8 through the transverse branch pipes, an inspection well 26 is arranged in the central drainage ditch 8 at intervals of 300m, and a sand sedimentation tank is arranged between every two inspection wells 26; the underground water is discharged outside the hole through the central drainage ditch 8.
In the embodiment, a central drainage ditch 8 is arranged 60cm below a pavement cushion layer 22 in a central line of a tunnel, and the central drainage ditch 8 is a longitudinal rectangular drainage ditch, the width of the central drainage ditch is 50cm, and the depth of the central drainage ditch is 60cm; the central drainage ditch 8 is used for guiding and draining the collected underground water out of the hole, an inspection well 26 is arranged at intervals of 300m in the length direction of the central drainage ditch 8, and a sand sedimentation tank is arranged between every two inspection wells 26; furthermore, an inspection well 26 is provided in the drainage downstream hole at a distance of 10m from the hole opening and in the drainage upstream hole at a distance of 50m from the hole opening so as to communicate with the drainage facilities outside the hole.
Fourth, burying a first water stop belt 5 at a circumferential construction joint between the primary lining 201 and the secondary lining 202 of the tunnel 1, burying a second water stop belt 20 at a construction joint between the first inverted arch 301 and the second inverted arch 302, and overlapping the first water stop belt 5 and the second water stop belt 20 at an arch foot; the construction joint, the settlement joint and the anti-seismic joint are all buried water stops, wherein the circumferential water stops are measured according to 12 m/channel. The settlement joint is 2cm wide, and the waterproof adopts a middle buried rubber water stop belt and a back attached water stop belt.
In the embodiment, a settlement joint or an anti-seismic joint is arranged at the position of the opening section lining 2 which is not provided with an open cut tunnel, which is 5-12m away from the opening, at the position of the structural change of the lining 2 and at the interval of the continuous V-level surrounding rock, wherein the joint width is not less than 5cm, and the waterproof adopts a buried steel edge rubber water stop belt and a back-attached water stop belt; and arranging an anti-seismic seam at a distance of 12 m/channel at a tunnel portal light-dark interface, a covering layer and bedrock interface, a soft-hard rock interface, a shallow buried and deep buried interface, a shallow buried surface topography abrupt change position and a Z5a type lining 2 of a poor section of a V-level surrounding rock of a tunnel.
Fifthly, arranging a central drainage ditch 8 and side drainage ditches 7 in a tunnel base layer 24 between the inverted arch 3 and the tunnel pavement 6, wherein the central drainage ditches 8 are arranged in the middle of the pavement 6 and along the advancing direction of the tunnel 1, and the side drainage ditches 7 are arranged on two sides and along the advancing direction of the tunnel 1; a transverse drainage blind ditch 21 is arranged between the two side drainage ditches 7, and a longitudinal drainage blind ditch 10 is connected between the two parallel transverse drainage blind ditches 21; the longitudinal drainage blind ditch 10 and the transverse drainage blind ditch 21 are arranged in a tunnel base layer 24 above the central drainage ditch 8, and the transverse drainage blind ditch 21 is inclined to one end; wherein the longitudinal drainage blind ditch 10 is arranged right below the side drainage shallow groove 9 and is connected with the transverse drainage pipe 18 through a connecting pipe.
In this embodiment, in order to treat the water accumulated on the road surface 6, a transverse drainage blind ditch 21 and a longitudinal drainage blind ditch 10 are arranged on the tunnel base layer 24, capillary water seepage under the road surface 6 is led into the central drainage ditch 8, the distance between the transverse drainage blind ditches 21 is 10m, and the longitudinal drainage blind ditches 10 are arranged on the left and right sides of the road surface 6 and are longitudinally distributed along the whole tunnel 1. The transverse drainage blind ditch 21 and the longitudinal drainage blind ditch 10 adopt rectangular filament hot-sticking drainage bodies, and the drainage quantity is not less than 3m 3 And/h, the cross section is rectangular double holes, and the raw material is polyethylene.
A transverse drain pipe 18 is also vertically connected between the central drain pipe 8 and the longitudinal drain pipe 15, and the height of the side, connected with the central drain pipe 8, of the transverse drain pipe 18 is lower than the height of the side, connected with the longitudinal drain pipe 15, of the transverse drain pipe 18; side drainage shallow grooves 9 are also arranged on two sides of the tunnel pavement 6; and the transverse drain pipe 18 is also provided with transverse drain branch pipes 23 at intervals; two ends of the shallow drainage groove are connected into side drainage ditches 7 at two sides of the tunnel 1; the side drainage ditch 7 blocks underground capillary water and discharges water which permeates into the pavement structure of the pavement 6 from the surface.
In this embodiment, the back water is led and discharged into the longitudinal drain pipe 15 and the circumferential drain pipe 13 of the side wall, wherein the circumferential drain pipe 13 adopts FH50 soft water permeable pipes, the longitudinal spacing is 10m, and the concentrated water flow position adopts FH50 soft water permeable pipes according to the water volume and is led and discharged into the central drain ditch 8. The longitudinal drain pipe 15 is made of HDPE double-wall pore-free corrugated pipe with phi 100, the tunnel bottom transverse drain pipe 18 and the transverse drain branch pipe 23 are made of HDPE double-wall pore-free corrugated pipe with no inverted arch 3 sections serving as punching holes, and the transverse drain branch pipes 23 are distributed at intervals of 10 m.
In this embodiment, longitudinal 7×8cm open-type road side drainage shallow grooves 9 are provided on both sides of the main tunnel road surface 6 for draining operation cleaning sewage, fire control and road surface 6 water accumulation for treating the road surface 6 water. The lower side of other tunnels 1 or connecting channels 25 is provided with 5x5cm rectangular drainage grooves, and two ends of each drainage groove are connected with the side drainage shallow grooves 9 of the main tunnel path for centralized drainage.
Seventh, during construction, one side of the tunnel 1 is provided with a retaining wall 11, and a water drain hole 12 is reserved on the retaining wall 11; a waterproof layer 41 is arranged at the joint of the retaining wall 11 and the side line of the tunnel 1, and a circular drain pipe 13 and a longitudinal drain pipe 15 are correspondingly arranged inside the retaining wall 11; thereby forming a three-dimensional comprehensive water-proof treatment system. The drain hole 12 is higher than the side far away from the tunnel 1 at the side close to the tunnel 1 and has an inclination not less than 5%; the inclination of the lateral drain pipe 18 is not less than 2%. The water discharge hole 12 is connected with the annular drain pipe 13 and discharges water outside the tunnel 1 through the annular drain pipe 13; the annular drain pipe 13 and the waterproof layer 41 are connected with each other at the retaining wall 11 in a step shape, and the height of the top surface of the step is at least half of the height of the retaining wall 11; the annular drain pipe 13 is provided with water diversion ports at intervals.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any changes or substitutions that would occur to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method of the tunnel drainage waterproof comprehensive treatment system is characterized in that the comprehensive treatment system comprises an external water interception system, an external drainage system, a tunnel waterproof system and a tunnel drainage system; the outer water interception system comprises an intercepting tank (31) on an outer ground (30) and a conveying pipeline from the intercepting tank (31) to a water collecting position, the outer drainage system comprises an outer water isolation layer (32) and an outer drainage ditch (33) connected to one side of the outer water isolation layer (32) close to a mouth of a tunnel (1), the tunnel water prevention system comprises a waterproof layer (41) arranged in a lining (2), a first water stop strip (5) arranged in the lining (2) and a second water stop strip (20) arranged in an inverted arch (3), the tunnel drainage system comprises side drainage ditches (7) on two sides of a road surface (6) in the tunnel (1), a central drainage ditch (8) arranged at the central lower part of the road surface (6), a circular drainage pipe (13) and a longitudinal drainage pipe (15) arranged in the lining (2), and a ditch transverse drainage pipe (18) and a transverse drainage blind ditch (21) arranged at the bottom of the tunnel (1);
the construction method of the comprehensive treatment system comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, before the tunnel (1) is constructed, at least one water interception groove (31) is arranged on the outer ground (30) on the rock mass (27), the length direction of the water interception groove (31) is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel (1), and a horizontal outer water isolation layer (32) is arranged on the outer ground (30) below the water interception groove (31); an outer drainage ditch (33) is arranged on one side of the outer water-resisting layer (32) close to the excavation opening of the tunnel (1), and an anti-falling wall is arranged on the outer side of the outer drainage ditch (33);
step two, when the tunnel (1) is excavated, after the concrete of the lining (2) reaches 70% of the design strength, the back of the arch ring is smeared and leveled by mortar; a waterproof layer (41) is fully paved in a primary lining (201) of the open cut tunnel body and the hidden tunnel body of the tunnel (1); a waterproof layer (41) is designed according to different areas of the open cut tunnel and the hidden tunnel;
step three, constructing a circumferential drain pipe (13) and a longitudinal drain pipe (15) in advance between a waterproof layer (41) and a tunnel outer edge line (16), wherein the circumferential drain pipe (13) and the longitudinal drain pipe (15) are buried in a calandria positioning groove (14) and a foot filling layer (17) with the positioning groove is arranged at the bottom, the circumferential drain pipe (13) is arranged at intervals along the arched periphery of a tunnel (1), and the longitudinal drain pipe (15) is arranged at the arch foot along the length direction of the tunnel (1); the circumferences of the annular drain pipe (13) and the longitudinal drain pipe (15) are wrapped by a waterproof layer (41);
fourth, a first water stop (5) is buried at a circumferential construction joint between a primary lining (201) and a secondary lining (202) of the tunnel (1), a second water stop (20) is buried at a construction joint between the inverted arches (3), and the first water stop (5) and the second water stop (20) are overlapped at arch feet;
fifthly, a central drainage ditch (8) and side drainage ditches (7) are arranged in a tunnel base layer (24) between the inverted arch (3) and the tunnel pavement (6), the central drainage ditch (8) is arranged in the middle of the pavement (6) and along the advancing direction of the tunnel (1), and the side drainage ditches (7) are arranged on two sides and along the advancing direction of the tunnel (1); a transverse drainage blind ditch (21) is arranged between the two side drainage ditches (7), and a longitudinal drainage blind ditch (10) is connected between the two parallel transverse drainage blind ditches (21);
a transverse drain pipe (18) is further vertically connected between the central drain pipe (8) and the longitudinal drain pipe (15), and the height of the side, connected with the central drain pipe (8), of the transverse drain pipe (18) is lower than that of the side, connected with the longitudinal drain pipe (15), of the transverse drain pipe (18); side drainage shallow grooves (9) are also arranged on two sides of the tunnel pavement (6); and transverse drain branch pipes (23) are arranged on the transverse drain pipes (18) at intervals;
seventh, during construction, one side of the tunnel (1) is provided with a retaining wall (11), and a water drain hole (12) is reserved on the retaining wall (11); a waterproof layer (41) is arranged at the joint of the retaining wall (11) and the side line of the tunnel (1), and a circumferential drain pipe (13) and a longitudinal drain pipe (15) are correspondingly arranged in the retaining wall (11); thereby forming a three-dimensional comprehensive water-proof treatment system.
2. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the anti-falling wall is formed by pouring waterproof concrete, and an anti-seismic connecting rib (34) is connected between the bottom of the anti-falling wall and the tunnel (1); the outer waterproof layer (32) is paved by clay, and the height of the outer waterproof layer is not lower than the top height of the outer drainage ditch (33).
3. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, a waterproof layer (41) in the open cut tunnel adopts non-woven fabrics, EVA waterproof boards and non-woven fabrics, and a hot air double-weld construction process is adopted; the hidden tunnel body is fully paved with a waterproof layer (41) except the inverted arch (3), the waterproof layer (41) adopts an EVA waterproof plate and non-woven fabrics, and a hot air double-weld construction process is adopted; the non-woven fabric and the waterproof board are not compounded; and pre-drilling an advance support (29) on the top of the blind hole body.
4. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: for the third step, the underground water collected by the longitudinal drain pipes (15) and the pavement (6) permeate water downwards and flow into the central drain ditch (8) through the transverse branch pipes, one inspection well (26) is arranged in the central drain ditch (8) at intervals of 300m, and a sand sedimentation tank is arranged between every two inspection wells (26); the underground water is discharged out of the hole through the central drainage ditch (8).
5. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the device is also provided with an outer water interception ditch, the setting range of the outer water interception ditch is not smaller than the width of the tunnel (1), and the slope setting corresponds to intercepting the slope running water of the tunnel (1); an outer drainage ditch (33) at the lower part of the outer water interception ditch discharges the running water at the upper part of the outer water interception ditch or the running water led down from the lower part of the outer water interception ditch to the lower part of the slope to be led away from the opening of the tunnel (1).
6. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the longitudinal drainage blind ditches (10) and the transverse drainage blind ditches (21) are arranged in the tunnel base layer (24) above the central drainage ditches (8), and the transverse drainage blind ditches (21) incline to one end; wherein the longitudinal drainage blind ditch (10) is arranged right below the side drainage shallow groove (9) and is connected with the transverse drainage pipe (18) through a connecting pipe.
7. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, two ends of the side drainage shallow groove (9) are connected with side drainage ditches (7) at two sides of the tunnel (1); the side drainage ditch (7) blocks underground capillary water and discharges water which permeates into the pavement structure of the pavement (6) from the surface.
8. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, the drain hole (12) is higher than the side far away from the tunnel (1) at the side close to the tunnel (1) and has an inclination not less than 5%; the inclination of the transverse drain pipe (18) is not less than 2%.
9. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system according to claim 8, wherein: the water discharge hole (12) is connected with the annular drain pipe (13) and discharges water outside the tunnel (1) through the annular drain pipe (13); the annular drain pipe (13) and the waterproof layer (41) are connected with the retaining wall (11) through a step shape, and the height of the top surface of the step is at least more than half of the height of the retaining wall (11); diversion ports are arranged on the annular drain pipe (13) at intervals.
10. The construction method of the tunnel row waterproof comprehensive treatment system is characterized in that a settlement joint or an anti-seismic joint is arranged at the position, which is 5-12m away from an opening, of a lining (2) of an opening section without an open cut tunnel and is 48m away from a structural change position of the lining (2) of a continuous V-level surrounding rock, the joint width is not less than 5cm, and a buried steel edge rubber water stop strip and a back-attached water stop strip are adopted for waterproof; and arranging an anti-seismic seam at the light-dark interface of the hole, the interface between the covering layer and the bedrock, the soft-hard rock interface, the shallow-buried and deep-buried interface, the shallow-buried surface topography abrupt change position and the poor section of the V-level surrounding rock of the hole.
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| CN113982657A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-28 | 江苏凯伦建材股份有限公司 | Construction method of underground excavation tunnel water-drainage prevention system |
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| DE19702781A1 (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-30 | Gefinex Jackon Gmbh | Thermal insulation used in tunnel(s) subject to very cold condition(s) |
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