HU193148B - Chipper for chipping fodder sorts - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shredder mainly for crushing fodder crops, which may be incorporated into any machine having a short stator (5) and a long strut (6), a rotatable driven shaft (9) and a rotatable shaft (10) provided with a hopper (1) with a hopper (1) ) and are fitted with elbows (3) and knives (4) that work together with stakes (3, 6). In one embodiment of the present invention, the short stops (5) and the long staples (6) are releasably affixed to two or more rows of the wall of the chopping chamber (2) and each of them has long stops (6) and short stops (5) in turn. and rotatable longitudinals (3) and rotary knives (4) rotatably and releasably mounted in planes perpendicular to the axis (10) are also arranged in two or more rows, alternately with long struts (6). In contrast to the short rotary knives (4) and the short stops (5), there are long rotary knives (3) and the rotating elbows (3) fit into the gap between two long standing stakes (6). (12) are releasably fixed to the wall of the shredder (2) in rows or more rows and rotatably and in planes perpendicular to the axis (10) The rotary block knives (11) mounted in a row are also arranged in two or more rows alternately, such that the fingers (Ila) and the stationary blade knives (12) of the rotary block knives (12a) face the cutting edges (12b) of the stationary blades (12). ) opposite the cutting edges (11b) of the rotary blades (11) and the rotating fingers (11a) fit into the space between the two adjacent fingers (12a) of the stator. -1-

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shredder which is capable of shredding materials by simultaneously breaking and tearing (shredding).

As is well known, in the field of agricultural production, in many cases crushing of plant parts is necessary. An example is the processing of feeds to make them perfectly digested by the animal and thus more economically utilized in the production of meat and other animal products. The lack of mineral energy sources gives priority to fermentation-based crop preservation methods, but at the same time the development of agricultural crop drying methods is also of considerable economic interest. The fulfillment of these demands can be significantly facilitated by the greater crushing and digestion of the crop if the performance of the crushing and digestion operation also results in the reduction of the total specific energy demand.

In the prior art, two machines based on two principles have been used to perform the advanced shredding operation. One is based on the principle of a traditional hammer grinder, which is used in combination with a sieve with different holes. Λ Another solution is to incorporate a shredder with a shredder that shreds the crop and requires the release of material particles through a mesh crusher. Thus, the known solutions are characterized by the presence of a sieve in the circumference of the rotor (hammer or cutting knife) through which the material to be crushed is forced through the impact, cutting and mandreling device.

The hitherto known machines are favorable for dry grain milling. In the case of crops containing higher amounts of plant fibers (eg alfalfa) or high moisture content (eg wet maize), we find that the known technical solutions adversely affect the energy demand and the performance, which results in nutrient loss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a machine which does not produce rancidity in crop cropping or digestion, while also reducing specific energy demand by increasing the permeability (power) to the machine size and reducing wet or dry grain or fodder suitable.

The essence of the invention is that the rotating blades of different lengths rotate side by side in rotation in front of or along adjacent rows of stationary knives of different lengths so that the comb-like rotating part moves between the slots of the comb-like stationary knife rows. The comb-like design can be achieved with separate individual or block knives. In the first case, the short stationary blades and the long stationary blades are releasably attached to the shredding wall wall in two or more rows, each of which has long standing blades alternating with each other; alternating side by side, such that there are short rotatable blades and long rotatable blades opposite the long fixed blades and the rotating long blades fit into the gap between two adjacent long fixed blades.

In the other case, the stationary block knives are releasably mounted in two or more rows on the wall of the crushing space, and the rotating block knives mounted pivotally and releasably in planes perpendicular to the axis are also arranged in succession so that the rotating blades do you have the cutting edges of the rotating blades and the rotating fingers fitting into the two adjacent uprights, opposite the knives of the blades and the blades of the stationary blades? between the fingers.

The result of the arrangement according to the invention is that the machine performs impacting and tearing (shredding) work without the need for grunting, and the operating power requirement is reduced with the relative increase in power compared to prior art solutions.

The accompanying drawings are a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the machine along a plane passing through the center line of the central axis, Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the machine and Figure 3 is a front elevation view of the blade. partly in section.

1 hopper is connected to the 2 chopping compartments of the machine.

to introduce the material to be shredded. The ς

In the center of the shredder space 2 there is a central shaft 9 to which the knife holding shafts 10 are attached, in the embodiment shown in the drawing four pieces. These shafts 10 have, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, long knives 3 and short knives 4 cooperating with short standing knives 5 and 6 long standing knives, such that with a long knife 3 a short standing knife 5 and a short knife 4 facing a 6 long standing knife. Since the blades on the blade holder 10 shafts can rotate on the shafts, they do not break even if a solid body, e.g. a piece of metal is placed.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the knife holders 10 rotating with the central axis do not have individual, i.e. separate short and long knives, but the axes 10 hold rotating block knives 11, the configuration of which corresponds fully to Figs.

The fingers 11a function as long knives and the cutting edges 11b function as short rotating knives. Opposed to the rotating blade knives 11 are blade knives 12 which are filled with fingers 12a and cutting edges 12b of the first and second blades.

2.

The blade holding shafts 10 are fastened by means of spacer plates 13 and spacer discs 14, and rotors 15 10 are used for rotation.

The outlet shroud 7 and the blower 8 are connected to the shredding space 2 of the device to remove the shredded material. The latter, or the comminution space 2, may also have a fluid inlet pipe for whatever reason, if desired, to comminute the feed in the humidified state or to humidify after the comminution.

As shown in FIG. 2, five rows of freestanding knives are attached to the wall 20 of the shredding space 2, but the invention can be implemented with more or less a series of upright knives. In each case, they are arranged in at least two rows, most preferably approx. as many 25 rows as there are standing knives.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to comb designs of knives, which can be accomplished as described above with separate individual knives or block knives, which encompasses fingers 11a and 12a as well as cutting edges 11b and 12b as individual knives. The fingers or longer portions of the comb-like movable blades fit into the space 35 between two adjacent stationary knives, and while the motor (not shown) rotates the driven shaft 9, said fingers or longer portions move in these spaces.

In the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2, the crop to be crushed is placed in the hopper 1 and then advanced from there to the crushing chamber 2.

Because of their circumferential velocity, the longitudinal knives 3 and the short knives 4 which make the rotating movement in the shredding space 2 rapidly move the material to be shredded and crush the particles while accelerating the material against the edges of the short (disruptive) effect. This effect is repeated 50 times as many rows of standing knives are located along the periphery of the shredding space 2. After leaving the last row of stationary knives, the shredded material exits the machine through its energy of movement through the outlet mouth 7 and blower 8 55.

In the course of our work to develop the technical solution, it has been found that the structure according to the invention is capable of crushing high moisture crops and having a low energy requirement compared to the prior art without crushing θθ and without loss. Energy savings are caused by:

(a) no mangrove effect, so that, as a consequence, a high degree of friction along the mantle is eliminated.

b. the shredded material leaves the machine due to the kinetic energy of the structural solution, so removal does not require extra energy.

Our investigation proved that the structural solution is suitable not only for the crushing of feed materials, but also for other materials (fertilizer, peat, straw manure, etc.).

Claims (2)

A shredder, mainly for fodder crushing, which can be conveniently incorporated in any machine, in which, in the shredder space (2) with inlet hopper (1), short-standing knives (5) and long-standing knives (6) and mounted thereon are longitudinal knives (3) and short knives (4) cooperating with the standing knives (5, 6), characterized in that the short standing knives (5) and the long standing knives (6) are arranged in two or more rows they are releasably mounted and alternately have long standing knives (6) and short standing knives (5) alternating with each other, and rotating elongated knives (3) and rotating short knives (4) pivotally and releasably mounted in axes (10) are arranged alternately next to each other, such that short rotating blades (4) and opposite to the short standing knives (5) there are long rotating knives (3) and the rotating long knives (3) fit into the gap between two adjacent long standing knives (6). Shredder, mainly for fodder crushing, which can be conveniently incorporated in any machine having block knives (12) in a shredder space (2) with an inlet hopper (1), a motor-driven driven shaft (9) and rotating axes (10) mounted thereon. rotary block knives (11) cooperating with stationary block knives (12), characterized in that the stationary block knives (12) are releasably mounted in two or more rows on the wall of the shredding space (2) and mounted in a plane perpendicular to the axis (10) (11) are also arranged in two or more rows, alternately adjacent to each other such that the rotating block knives (11a) and the rotating block knives (12a) are rotated against the cutting edges (12b) of the stationary block knives (12) and 11) there is a cutting edge (11b) and the rotating fingers (11a) fit into the two adjacent fingers of the stationary knife (11b) 12a). 2 sheets drawing