HRP960337A2 - Semi-atmospheric burner with automatic gas air regulation - Google Patents

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The subject of the invention belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, i.e. the combustion devices subsection. According to the International Classification of Patents, the subject of the invention is marked with the classification symbol F23D.

Technical problem

The technical problem solved by this invention consists in the following: with all atmospheric burners installed in boilers for central heating. various stoves, etc., the problem is primarily that they do not burn enough gas, and are designed so that a large amount of air continuously flows through the primary and secondary air openings, regardless of whether the thermostat has turned off the burner or not. As a result, during the time when the burner is not in operation, the boiler water is cooled due to the passage of air through the boiler. For this reason, the losses of the fire medium are very high, and thus the cost of heating. This invention solves the stated technical problem by constructing such a burner which, in addition to the primary and secondary, also has a tertiary air supply, all of which are simultaneously regulated by means of a common pressure membrane mechanism for air supply.

State of the art

There are well-known solutions for gas burners that have a primary and secondary air supply, and with them only a small part of the air participates in combustion, and the rest is an unnecessary excess that carries away heat that could be used for heating. In the case of secondary air, approximately one half of the ejector that can be drawn by the burners constructed in this way is drawn by the vacuum of the chimney into the upper part of the boiler. and thus does not participate in the combustion process at all. So, it is evident that the atmospheric burners constructed and installed in this way work with too much air flow, and enable far greater air circulation than is necessary, and at the same time they lack air for combustion because the percentage of unburnt CO2 in the flue gases is high.

All these disadvantages are avoided by the construction according to the invention in question, which has such a burner which, in addition to the primary and secondary, also has a tertiary air supply, and all of them are supplied directly to the center of combustion. Also, the overall air supply to the combustion chamber is not regulated, unlike others, by an electromagnetic valve or a flap operated by an electromagnet, but all air supplies are simultaneously regulated by means of a common pressure membrane mechanism for air supply.

Description of the invention with an example of implementation

A semi-automatic burner with automatic gas air regulation designed for operation in a closed combustion chamber, which, unlike existing atmospheric burners, has automatic control of primary, secondary and tertiary air flow, which is controlled by the pressure of the gas flowing into the burner through a common pressure membrane mechanism. It is an important factor that the gas itself performs the work required for the movement of the lever of the membrane mechanism, which with its movement rotates the rotating perforated sleeve and thus regulates the excess air entering the combustion chamber. This burner construction enables complete combustion without air leakage, i.e. reduced cooling of the combustion chamber, which results in considerable saving of the fire medium.

The function of the subject invention is achieved so that the room or boiler thermostat completely opens the gas ramp (7), which must have a slightly higher capacity (approximately 50%) than the capacity of the nozzle, because this ensures sufficient pressure to perform the work of moving the lifter (12) of the pressure membrane mechanism (9). After passing the gas through the gas ramp (7), the overpressure of the gas taken to the pressure membrane mechanism (9) will be pushed there through the membrane system by the lifter (12) which, via the joint connection, turns the rotating perforated sleeve (3) which opens or closes the total amount of air entering the firebox. The level to which the lifter (12) is raised is regulated manually on the basis of combustion in the firebox, which is observed through the inspection window located on the door of the firebox.

Depending on the level to which the lifter (12) is raised, a larger or smaller amount of air will enter the combustion chamber, but exactly the amount required for complete combustion without air leakage. which was achieved by previously adjusting the lifter level (12). After passing through the gas ramp (7), the gas enters the combustion chamber, and since at the same time the rotating perforated sleeve (3) opens the air supply to the combustion chamber, combustion is enabled, which starts when the spark plug (14) ignites the incoming fuel mixture. Constant burning of the penis (14). during standstill, it provides a special small air supply that is only sufficient to support the flame of the wick (14), so that there is no cooling of the combustion chamber. If the gas ramp (7) partially dampens the flow of gas into the nozzle (2), then there will be a smaller rotation of the rotating perforated sleeve (3) and thus a partial damping of the air. Which is important for savings at optimal capacity.

The semi-atmospheric burner with automatic gas air regulation is shown in the attached pictures which show:

• Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the system construction

• Figure 2 shows the body of the burner in section A-A from Figure 1

• figure 3 shows the pressure membrane mechanism in section

• figure 4 shows the rotating perforated sleeve for the air supply in the drawing

• figure 5 shows the rotating perforated sleeve for air supply in side view

• Figure 6 shows the construction of the primary ejector in a blueprint

The construction of the semi-atmospheric burner with automatic gas air regulation is carried out so that the body of the primary ejector (I) is fixed with a nut from the inside to the combustion chamber door (4), in the center of which there is a larger hole. Inside the primary ejector (1) there is a limiting nozzle (2) for gas flow into the burner. The rotating perforated sleeve (3) is placed in front of the combustion chamber door (4), and has a cylindrical body through which the primary ejector (1) passes and an adjacent surface with two rings of 6 radially located holes for secondary and tertiary air.

On the cylindrical body of the rotating perforated sleeve (3) there is one row (or two) of oblique axial holes through which the primary ejector air flows into the very center of combustion. The oblique axial and radial holes on the rotating perforated sleeve (3) must completely coincide with the holes on the primary ejector (1) and the combustion chamber door (4), in order to ensure the desired air flow. Drill holes on the rotating perforated sleeve (3) depending on the need and in connection with the technological possibilities. they can have other shapes besides round and ellipsoidal. Inside the combustion chamber in the burner body is the secondary sleeve (5) and it is located inside the tertiary sleeve (6) which closes the area of the tertiary air inflow, with a part of the air enriching the area of the secondary air, while the rest flows into the center of combustion. The secondary sleeve (5) has slanted holes on its circumference that enable maximum ejector air draw, as well as axial holes in the body of the primary ejector (1) and the cylindrical body of the rotating perforated sleeve (3).

An ordinary gas valve or any other gas ramp can be used as a gas ramp (7), which can also act as a damper, because with this type of construction, even with greater damping, the flame stability is high, with the capacity of the gas ramp (7) or similar being slightly higher than nozzle capacity. By opening the gas ramp (7), there is pressure in the area between the gas ramp (7) and the nozzle (2) of the burner, which is led to the pressure membrane mechanism (9) via the tube (8). The pressure in the pressure diaphragm mechanism (9) will push the diaphragm (11) upwards, which will then push the metal bulging washer (10) which is tightened together at the bottom of the lifter (12) to prevent gas from passing into the upper chamber where the spring ( 13) or weight.

The washer (10) replaces the piston of a cylinder, which transmits force to the spring (13) and the lifter (12), which rises and rotates the rotating perforated sleeve (3) via the joint connection, which opens or closes the total amount of air entering the combustion chamber. The rubber membrane (11) is tightened along its entire circumference by the upper and lower parts of the housing using a screw connection. The rubber membrane (11) enables fine elasticity and greater up-down movement (approximately 13-15 mm), while the tin washer (10) protects the membrane (11) from cracking and gas penetration and the upper part, which is not ideally sealed. The role of the spring (13) or instead of a small perforated weight on the lifter (12) is to return the lifter (12) to the lower position via the lever mechanism and thereby close the air supply to the combustion chamber. The lifter (12) is hinged to the rotating perforated sleeve (3) at the point where the torque is greatest.

As a safety element in the construction, a microswitch is used, which is connected to the rotating perforated sleeve (3) and the gas ramp (7), and in case the air supply is not opened for some reason, it does not allow the gas to enter the gas ramp (7) combustion chamber and in the last case cause an unwanted explosion.

The same pressure membrane mechanism (9) can simultaneously rotate the partition in the chimney, and it can also be used to close other chambers of gas burners (e.g. for butterfly burners), if we attach a small toothed bar to the top of the lifter (12), which, via a small gear, rotates the partition in chimney.

Claims (11)

1. Semi-atmospheric burner with automatic gas air regulation, characterized by the fact that it consists of a pressure membrane mechanism (9) which, using the overpressure of the gas that left the gas ramp (7), operates and moves the lifter (12) which rotates the rotating perforated sleeve ( 3) and thereby opens the air supply to the combustion chamber. 2. The invention in question according to patent claim 1, indicated by the fact that the pressure membrane mechanism (9) is pushed by means of overpressure supplied by the tube (6) pushes the membrane (11) upwards, and it pushes the bulging tin washer (10) which transmits the force to the weight or the spring (13) and lifter (12) which is lifted. 3. The subject invention according to patent claim 1, characterized by the fact that an ordinary gas valve with electromagnetic regulation is used as the gas ramp (7) which can act as a damper, and it is necessary that its capacity is slightly greater than the capacity of the nozzles, in order to create an overpressure that performs the work to rotate the rotating perforated sleeve (3). 4. The subject invention according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the lifter (12) is hinged to the rotating perforated sleeve (3) at the point where the torque is greatest. 5. The subject invention according to patent claim 1, characterized by the fact that the rotating perforated sleeve is placed on the very door of the combustion chamber (4) and has a cylindrical body on which there is one row of oblique axial holes and an adjacent surface with two crowns of 6 radially located holes for secondary and tertiary air. 6. The subject invention according to patent claim 5, characterized in that the rotating perforated sleeve (3) has a cylindrical body through which the primary ejector (1) passes, which has oblique axial holes on the body for supplying primary air to the combustion chamber. 7. The subject invention according to patent claims 1, 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that the oblique axial and radial holes on the rotating perforated sleeve (3) must completely coincide with the holes on the primary ejector (1) and the combustion chamber door (4) , in order to ensure the desired air flow 8. The subject invention according to patent claim 1, indicated by the fact that it has a supply for tertiary air that enters the combustion chamber through holes located radially on the adjacent surface of the rotating perforated sleeve (3), and through the door of the combustion chamber (4) enters the tertiary sleeve (6) , and partly through the holes on the secondary sleeve (5) it enriches the area of the secondary air. 9. Subject invention according to patent claim 1, characterized in that it has a pin (14). which has a special small air supply that is sufficient only to support the flame of the wick, which enables the support of the flame of the wick (14) in the phase when the burner is not working. 10. The subject invention according to patent claim 2, characterized in that the weight or spring (13) has the role of returning the lifter (12) to the lower position via the lever mechanism, thereby closing the entire air supply to the combustion chamber. 11. The subject invention according to patent claim 1, characterized by the fact that the burner can also work as an atmospheric burner in the event that the complete membrane mechanism is omitted or in the event of its failure, and for this purpose the ellipsoidal holes on the body of the primary burner are closed with a perforated sleeve (4) ejector (1), and the secondary takes the role of the primary, and the tertiary the role of the secondary.