HRP930100A2

HRP930100A2 - Burner cylinder for premixing forced draught burners of gas heating apparatus

Info

Publication number: HRP930100A2
Application number: HR930100A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Adolf Heeb
Original assignee: Hoval Interliz Ag
Priority date: 1992-02-04
Filing date: 1993-02-02
Publication date: 1994-12-31
Also published as: EP0554541B1; DE59203387D1; HRP930100B1; GR3018129T3; ES2078636T3; CZ386592A3; EP0554541A2; SI9300062A; RU2104444C1; DK0554541T3; SK386592A3; ATE126873T1; CZ281489B6; DE9201313U1; SK278762B6; EP0554541A3

Abstract

The burner cylinder contains, arranged concentrically with one another between a connection flange (1) having the inlet opening, and a closed cover (2), an outer flame-holding cylinder (3), a central distributing cylinder (4) and an inner throttling cylinder (5). The cover (2) consists in two parts of a cover inner plate (7) and a cover outer plate (8). The connection flange (1) and the cover (2) are held together by the central distributing cylinder (4) which is at both edges connected in a rigid and sealed manner to the connection flange (1) and to the cover inner plate (7). The inner throttling cylinder (5) is fastened at one edge in the burner cylinder and unfastened at the other edge. The outer flame holding cylinder (3) is held, axially and radially movably and sealed, in annular-groove-like mountings (6) of the connection flange (1) and of the cover outer plate (8). The two cover plates (7, 8) are held together by a connection, by means of which the cover outer plate (8) can be pressed off the cover inner plate (7) in an elastically flexible manner. <IMAGE>

Description

Izum se odnosi na cilindar za sagorijevanje za plinske plamenike s ventilatorom sa mješavinom plina i zraka u plinskim ogrjevnim tijelima prema glavnom patentnom zahtjevu. The invention relates to a combustion cylinder for gas burners with a fan with a mixture of gas and air in gas heaters according to the main patent claim.

Na primjer, kod plinskih grijaćih kotlova za postrojenja za toplu vodu koriste se plamenici s ventilatorom u koje se prije samog formiranja plamena uvodi nadstehiometrijska mješavina gorivog plina i zraka i to u cilindar za sagorijevanje koji po mogućnosti visi u plinskom uređaju. Na njegovoj vanjskoj stijenki se nalazi cilindar za održavanje plamena izrađen iz perforiranog lima, postojanog na visoke temperature, u kojem se razvija plamen. Kako bi se postigla ravnomjerna i homogena distribucija mješavine po cjelokupnoj cilindričnoj površini cilindra za sagorijevanje i kako bi se postiglo izgaranje mješavine sa po mogućnosti niskim vrijednostima dušičnog monoksida uz istodobno ekstremno nisko stvaranje ugljičnog monoksida, a to čini novinu izuma spomenutog cilindra za sagorijevanje, cilindar za sagorijevanje sadrži još dva cilindra također izrađena iz perforiranog lima otpornog na toplinu, i to: u cilindru koji podržava plamen je na radijalnom odstojanju razvodni cilindar, unutar ovoga na radijalnom odstojanju prigušni cilindar. Ova tri cilindra postavljena su između priključne prirubnice na kojoj je otvor za ulazak mješavine u cilindar za sagorijevanje, i između poklopca koji zatvara suprotni dio cilindra za sagorijevanje. Na priključnoj prirubnici i na poklopcu su tri koncentrična prstenasta utora u koje ulaze krajevi tri cilindra. Vanjski cilindar za održavanje plamena učvršćen je na oba ruba za priključnu prirubnicu i poklopac pomoću nekoliko radijalnih vijaka, kako bi priključna prirubnica i poklopac, a time i cijeli cilindar za sagorijevanje bili dobro učvršćeni. S druge strane, razvodni cilindar i prigušni cilindar, s obzirom da najčešće vise u cilindru za sagorijevanje, obično su pričvršćeni za donji poklopac samo na svom donjem rubu tako da ulaze u prstenaste utore poklopca pomoću radijalnih vijčanih navoja, a gornji rub je pričvršćen preko prstenastih utora priključne prirubnice pomoću radijalnih vijaka, koji su aksijalno pokretni kako bi se između priključne prirubnice i poklopca mogla mijenjati međusobna udaljenost kada vanjski cilindar za održavanje plamena, na kojeg najviše djeluje promjena temperature, mijenja svoju aksijalnu dužinu. Nužno je zabrtviti rubove cilindra za održavanje plamena pričvršćene na prstenastim utorima priključne prirubnice i poklopca pomoću specijalnih brtvila otpornih na visoke temperature, jer bi mjesta koja nisu dobro brtvljena na rubovima cilindra za održavanje plamena prilično ometala plamen i sagorijevanje. Kod gore opisanih, standardnih tipova cilindara za sagorijevanje pokazalo se kako je, da bi se postigao jednakomjerni plamen i sagorijevanje mješavine uz oslobađanje čim manje štetnih tvari, potrebno razdjelni cilindar na oba ruba koji ulaze u prstenasti utor dobro zabrtviti da ne dođe do curenja plina, jer bi loše brtvljenje na rubovima cilindra ometalo funkciju tog cilindra tj. distribuciju mješavine. For example, with gas heating boilers for hot water plants, burners with a fan are used in which, before the formation of the flame itself, a super-stoichiometric mixture of fuel gas and air is introduced into the combustion cylinder, which is preferably suspended in the gas device. On its outer wall, there is a flame-maintaining cylinder made of perforated sheet metal, resistant to high temperatures, in which the flame develops. In order to achieve an even and homogeneous distribution of the mixture over the entire cylindrical surface of the combustion cylinder and to achieve the combustion of the mixture with as low as possible nitrogen monoxide values while at the same time extremely low carbon monoxide formation, and this constitutes the novelty of the invention of the mentioned combustion cylinder, the cylinder for combustion contains two more cylinders also made of perforated heat-resistant sheet metal, as follows: in the cylinder that supports the flame there is a distribution cylinder at a radial distance, inside this at a radial distance a damping cylinder. These three cylinders are placed between the connection flange on which there is an opening for the mixture to enter the combustion cylinder, and between the cover that closes the opposite part of the combustion cylinder. On the connecting flange and on the cover there are three concentric annular grooves into which the ends of the three cylinders enter. The outer cylinder for maintaining the flame is fixed on both edges to the connection flange and the cover by means of several radial screws, so that the connection flange and the cover, and thus the entire combustion cylinder, are well fixed. On the other hand, the timing cylinder and choke cylinder, since they usually hang in the combustion cylinder, are usually attached to the lower cover only at their lower edge so that they enter the annular grooves of the cover by means of radial screw threads, and the upper edge is attached via annular the groove of the connection flange by means of radial screws, which are axially movable so that the mutual distance between the connection flange and the cover can be changed when the outer cylinder for maintaining the flame, which is most affected by the change in temperature, changes its axial length. It is necessary to seal the edges of the flame-maintaining cylinder attached to the ring grooves of the connection flange and cover with special high-temperature-resistant sealants, because the places that are not well sealed on the edges of the flame-maintaining cylinder would greatly hinder the flame and combustion. With the standard types of combustion cylinders described above, it has been shown that, in order to achieve an even flame and combustion of the mixture with the release of as few harmful substances as possible, it is necessary to seal the distributor cylinder well on both edges that enter the annular groove to prevent gas leakage, because poor sealing on the edges of the cylinder would hinder the function of that cylinder, i.e. the distribution of the mixture.

Kako je plamenik u pogonu isprekidano, u fazi ukopčavanja plamenika dolazi do velikih promjena u dužini cilindra jer se cilindar za održavanje plamena grije do usijanja, pri čemu kod standardnih cilindara za sagorijevanje dolazi do velikih promjena udaljenosti između priključne prirubnice i poklopca, a one su posebno izražene kod cilindara velikih dimenzija i s velikim učinkom plinskih plamenika preko 40 kW. Kod poznatih tipova cilindara vrlo je težak problem kako aksijalno pokretni rub razdjelnog cilindra, koji je postavljen u prstenasti utor, a koji se daleko manje zagrijava nego cilindar za održavanje plamena i daleko manje mijenja glede dužine, kako da taj rub čvrsto i trajno ostane u utoru tako da bude dobro zabrtvljen i da ne propušta. Konstrukcija i montaža standardnog cilindra za sagorijevanje s priključnom prirubnicom iz lijevanog željeza, poklopcem iz lijevanog željeza i s tri koncentrična utora za sva tri limena cilindra, kao i zbog pričvršćivanja limenog cilindra u utorima pomoću nekoliko radijalnih vijaka, razmjerno je skupa. As the burner is operated intermittently, in the phase of connecting the burner, there are large changes in the length of the cylinder because the flame maintenance cylinder is heated until it glows, whereas with standard combustion cylinders there are large changes in the distance between the connection flange and the cover, and they are especially expressed in the case of large-sized cylinders and high-performance gas burners over 40 kW. With known types of cylinders, it is a very difficult problem how the axially movable edge of the dividing cylinder, which is placed in the annular groove, and which heats up far less than the cylinder for maintaining the flame and changes far less in terms of length, how to keep that edge firmly and permanently in the groove so that it is well sealed and does not leak. The construction and assembly of a standard combustion cylinder with a cast iron connecting flange, a cast iron cover and three concentric grooves for all three tin cylinders, as well as fixing the tin cylinder in the grooves with several radial bolts, is relatively expensive.

Zadatak izuma je konstruirati cilindar za sagorijevanje uvodno spomenutog tipa tako da i cilindar za održavanje plamena i razdjelni cilindar na oba ruba imaju siguran, plinonepropusan spoj, a da taj spoj ne mora omogućavati aksijalnu pokretljivost rubova cilindra, i to spoj s priključnom prirubnicom i poklopcem, a da se unatoč tome jako zagrijani cilindar za održavanje plamena može dovoljno aksijalno izdužiti kako bi se izbjegle mehaničke napukline od naprezanja. Osim toga, proizvodnja i montaža cilindara za sagorijevanje trebaju biti jednostavnije. I upravo taj zahtjev rješava ovaj izum sa specifičnom izvedbom cilindra za sagorijevanje opisanom u glavnom patentnom zahtjevu. Daljnje mogućnosti primjene vidljive su iz sekundarnog zahtjeva. The task of the invention is to construct a combustion cylinder of the type mentioned in the introduction so that both the flame maintenance cylinder and the distribution cylinder have a safe, gas-tight connection on both edges, and that connection does not have to enable axial movement of the cylinder edges, namely the connection with the connecting flange and the cover. and that despite this the highly heated flame support cylinder can be sufficiently elongated axially to avoid mechanical stress cracks. In addition, the production and assembly of combustion cylinders should be simpler. And it is precisely this requirement that this invention solves with the specific design of the combustion cylinder described in the main patent claim. Further possibilities of application are visible from the secondary request.

Konstrukcija plamenika u skladu s izumom pobliže će biti opisana na jednom izvedbenom primjeru prikazanom na crtežu u uzdužnom presjeku. The construction of the burner according to the invention will be described in more detail on one embodiment shown in the drawing in longitudinal section.

Cilindar za sagorijevanje, ako je u plinskom aparatu za grijanje raspored viseći, ima na svom gornjem rubu konusnu priključnu prirubnicu 1, koja sadrži otvor 14 za ulazak goruće mješavine u cilindar za sagorijevanje, a na donjem dijelu ima zatvoreni poklopac 2. Između priključne prirubnice 1 i poklopca 2 raspoređeni su jedan vanjski cilindar za održavanje plamena 3, srednji razdjelni cilindar 4 i unutarnji prigušni cilindar 5. Ova se tri cilindra sastoje iz perforiranog lima otpornog na visoke temperature i raspoređeni su koncentrično s radijalnim razmakom. Priključna prirubnica 1 i poklopac 2 nisu iz lijevanog željeza kao uvodno opisani standardni tipovi cilindra za sagorijevanje, nego su također iz lima postojanog na visoke temperature, a formirani su izvlačenjem lima, što je mnogo jednostavnije i jeftinije nego uobičajena proizvodnja oba ova dijela cilindra za sagorijevanje iz lijevanog željeza. The combustion cylinder, if the gas heating apparatus has a hanging arrangement, has a conical connecting flange 1 on its upper edge, which contains an opening 14 for the entry of the burning mixture into the combustion cylinder, and on the lower part it has a closed cover 2. Between the connecting flange 1 and cover 2, one outer cylinder for maintaining the flame 3, a middle dividing cylinder 4 and an inner damping cylinder 5 are arranged. These three cylinders consist of a perforated sheet resistant to high temperatures and are arranged concentrically with a radial distance. The connecting flange 1 and cover 2 are not made of cast iron like the standard types of combustion cylinders described in the introduction, but are also made of sheet metal resistant to high temperatures, and are formed by drawing sheet metal, which is much simpler and cheaper than the usual production of both of these parts of the combustion cylinder from cast iron.

Osim toga, time se znatno smanjuje i težina cilindra za sagorijevanje. Poklopac 2 se sastoji iz dva dijela, i to iz jedne unutrašnje ploče 7 i jedne vanjske ploče 8. Cijeli cilindar za sagorijevanje drži se zajedno pomoću srednjeg razdjelnog cilindra 4, koji je na oba ruba čvrsto povezan, a uglavnom i zabrtvljen s priključnom prirubnicom 1 i unutarnjom pločom poklopca 7. Na donjem rubu je razdjelni cilindar 4 učvršćen pomoću točkastog za zavijeni rub 15 unutrašnje ploče poklopca 7. Na gornjem rubu su razdjelni cilindar 4 i prigušni cilindar 5 povezani međusobno točkastim varenjem sa vijkom 12, vijci se u smjeru osi cilindra za sagorijevanje umeću kroz rupice za vijke koje su na priključnoj prirubnici 1, pritežu se na priključnu prirubnicu. Pomoću ovih aksijalnih vijaka 12 oba cilindra 4 i 5 prilikom montaže cilindra za sagorijevanje mogu se jednostavno spojiti s priključnom prirubnicom 1 tako da se rubovi postave na priključnu prirubnicu 1, s time da spoj sa priključnom prirubnicom mora biti plinonepropusan. Zagrijavanje i aksijalno izduživanje razdjelnog cilindra 4, kada je plamenik u pogonu, daleko je manje nego ono kod užarenog cilindra za održavanje plamena 3, tako da je i promjena razmaka između priključne prirubnice 1 i poklopca 2 utoliko manja, a pukotina koja nastaje između donjeg ruba prigušnog cilindra, koji se manje grije i manje aksijalno isteže nego razdjelni cilindar, i između unutarnje ploče poklopca 7, u zanemarivoj mjeri utječe na funkciju prigušnog cilindra 5. Cilindar za održavanje plamena 3 ugrijava se enormno jako. On na oba svoja kraja ulazi u držače 3 u obliku prstenastog utora na priključnoj prirubnici 1 i na poklopcu 2. U njima je cilindar za održavanje plamena 3 aksijalno pokretljiv, a pokretljiv je i radijalno, što je uzrokovano promjenama u promjeru do kojih dolazi prilikom promjena temperatura. Pomoću prstena za brtvljenje otpornih na visoke temperature 16, koji okružuju rubove cilindra za održavanje plamena 3, su rubovi cilindra za održavanje plamena u tim držačima 6, koji imaju oblik prstenastih utora, dobro zabrtvljeni. Držači 6 koji izgledaju poput prstenastih utora formiraju se od ruba 13 u obliku slova "U" napravljenog iz vučenog lima na priključnoj prirubnici 1 i na vanjskoj ploči poklopca 8. Kako bi se kod cilindra za sagorijevanje velikih dimenzija za plinska ogrjevna tijela s velikim učinkom grijanja, cilindar za održavanje plamena 3 mogao slobodno istezati u aksijalnom pravcu i kako ne bi nastajale napukline od naprezanja, unutrašnja ploča poklopca 7, pričvršćena na razdjelnom cilindru 4, i vanjska ploča poklopca 8, koja drži cilindar za održavanje plamena 3, pričvršćene su pomoću vijka 9 koji se na našem primjeru sastoji iz vijčanog spoja na sredini poklopca i pera na pritisak 10, zahvaljujući čemu su vanjska ploča 8 i unutarnja ploča 7 elastično spojene. Naravno, moguće je dio poklopca 2 koji drži cilindar za održavanje plamena 3 u unutarnjem dijelu cilindra za sagorijevanje povezati direktno sa priključnom prirubnicom 1, tako da se aksijalni razmak između tog dijela poklopca i priključne prirubnice 1 može mijenjati i bude elastičan. Kod prikazanog primjera spoj koji je aksijalno elastičan ima dodatno još i osiguranje, zakovice 11, pričvršćene na unutrašnjoj ploči poklopca 7 koje aksijalno ulaze u rupice vanjske ploče poklopca 8. In addition, this significantly reduces the weight of the combustion cylinder. The cover 2 consists of two parts, namely one inner plate 7 and one outer plate 8. The entire combustion cylinder is held together by means of a middle dividing cylinder 4, which is firmly connected on both edges and mostly sealed with the connecting flange 1 and the inner plate of the cover 7. On the lower edge, the dividing cylinder 4 is fixed by means of a point to the curved edge 15 of the inner plate of the cover 7. On the upper edge, the dividing cylinder 4 and the damping cylinder 5 are connected to each other by spot welding with a screw 12, the screws are in the direction of the cylinder axis for combustion, they are inserted through the holes for the screws on the connection flange 1, they are tightened on the connection flange. By means of these axial screws 12, both cylinders 4 and 5 can be easily connected to the connection flange 1 during assembly of the combustion cylinder by placing the edges on the connection flange 1, provided that the connection with the connection flange must be gas-tight. The heating and axial elongation of the distribution cylinder 4, when the burner is in operation, is far less than that of the red-hot flame maintenance cylinder 3, so that the change in the distance between the connection flange 1 and the cover 2 is that much smaller, and the crack that occurs between the lower edge of the damper cylinder, which is less heated and less axially stretched than the distributor cylinder, and between the inner plate of the cover 7, has a negligible effect on the function of the damper cylinder 5. The flame maintenance cylinder 3 heats up enormously. At both ends, it enters the holders 3 in the form of an annular groove on the connecting flange 1 and on the cover 2. In them, the flame maintenance cylinder 3 is axially movable, and it is also radially movable, which is caused by the changes in diameter that occur during changes temperature. By means of high-temperature resistant sealing rings 16, which surround the edges of the flame-maintaining cylinder 3, the edges of the flame-maintaining cylinder in these holders 6, which have the form of annular grooves, are well sealed. The retainers 6, which look like annular grooves, are formed by the edge 13 in the shape of the letter "U" made of drawn sheet metal on the connection flange 1 and on the outer cover plate 8. , the flame maintenance cylinder 3 could stretch freely in the axial direction and in order to prevent stress cracks from forming, the inner cover plate 7, fixed on the distribution cylinder 4, and the outer cover plate 8, which holds the flame maintenance cylinder 3, are attached by means of a screw 9, which in our example consists of a screw connection in the middle of the cover and a pressure spring 10, thanks to which the outer plate 8 and the inner plate 7 are elastically connected. Of course, it is possible to connect the part of the cover 2 that holds the cylinder for maintaining the flame 3 in the inner part of the combustion cylinder directly to the connecting flange 1, so that the axial distance between that part of the cover and the connecting flange 1 can be changed and be elastic. In the example shown, the joint that is axially elastic has additional security, rivets 11, attached to the inner plate of the cover 7, which axially enter the holes of the outer plate of the cover 8.

Claims

1. The combustion cylinder for burners with a fan with a mixture of air and gas for gas devices, has a connecting flange (1) placed on both ends of the cylinder on the front wall.; the flange has an opening for the mixture of fuel gas and air to enter; at the other end of the cylinder, a closed cover (2) is placed on the front wall, and between both front walls there is an outer cylinder for maintaining the flame (3), then a middle dividing cylinder (4) and an inner damping cylinder (5), all three cylinders are made of perforated sheet metal resistant to high temperatures, they are placed concentrically and there is a radial distance between them, it is characterized by the fact that the cover (2) is two-part, consisting of one inner plate (7) and one outer plate (8), the connection flange (1) and the cover (2) are connected via the middle distribution cylinder (4) which has a solid connection and seal on both edges with the connection flange and with the inner plate of the cover (7), whereby the inner damping cylinder (5) is in the combustion cylinder is fixed on one edge and not on the other, so that the outer cylinder for maintaining the flame (3) is movable at both ends axially and radially and is mostly sealed with retainers that resemble ring grooves (6), and they are located on the connection flange (1) and on the outer cover plate (8). Both cover plates (7,8) are connected by such a type of joint that the outer plate (8) springs elastically from the inner plate (7) when they are pressed against each other.

2. Combustion cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the axial elastic connection between the two cover plates (7,8) has an additional security (11).

3. The combustion cylinder according to claim 1, is characterized by the fact that the distribution cylinder (4) and the damping cylinder (5) on the edge facing the connection flange (1) are fastened together with a screw (12), which is screwed in an axial direction of the combustion cylinder with the connection flange (1) and in doing so the edges of both cylinders (4,5) are attracted and hermetically closed on the connection flange.

4. Combustion cylinder according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the connecting flange (1) and the outer cover plate (8) are made of sheet metal, both of these sheet metal edges (1,8) in the shape of the letter "U" or in the form of an annular groove and represent the holder for the outer cylinder to maintain the flame (13).