HRP20020216A2 - Knob plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a knob plate for laying lines for heating or cooling devices which are integrated into floors or walls. The inventive plate has a plurality of knobs that protrudefrom an essentially plate-shaped base body. The lines can be introduced between the knobs. The aim of the invention is to allow for greater liberty in design when laying the heating lines and when using said knob plates and to improve shelf life. The knobs arearranged in groups which are provided with distances to one another in order to produce free spaces whose dimensions correspond toat least the measurements of the recesses of the groups.

Description

The invention presented here relates to a panel for placing lines intended for central heating or cooling devices, which are integrated into floors or walls, with numerous loop nodes, which stand opposite one, essentially flat basic body, and between which the lines are placed.

Such plates are already known from, for example, DE 3024208. The loop nodes are evenly distributed over the flat base body. In their appearance, loop knots correspond to the shape of an isosceles triangle, with the base of these triangles of two adjacent loop knots facing each other. This arrangement of loop nodes creates passages between these loop nodes in which the lines are laid. Based on this order and the design of the loop nodes, the passages extend, which are essentially parallel to the basic sides of the rectangular basic body, or are inclined in relation to that body obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees. In this case, the lines can be laid in passages, where there is the possibility of placing the lines in one arc, thanks to the shape of the loop knots, and thus it is possible to create, for example, spirals or loops in the form of windings. In this sense, the lines are designed as flexible hoses.

For installations or, for example, underfloor heating, boards with nodes are placed on the floor and then, between the loop nodes, flexible heating lines are placed in the passages on the board. At the end, the panel and the heating lines, which are placed on it, are covered with a floor covering for shaping the floor.

Due to the way the loop nodes are arranged on the flat base body, it is possible to place the heating lines spirally and in the form of a winding, but on the other hand, this arrangement of nodes forces the heating lines into predetermined curves. This limits the freedom of design when laying the heating lines. This can lead to the impossibility of installing heating lines in a part or completely of a room, which is of an unusual shape.

Another problem that arises when using such panels is the need for a large space when transporting and storing knotted panels. Admittedly, there are panels that are partially made of very light plastic materials, such as Styrofoam, but they are still very voluminous and require a correspondingly large space during transport and storage.

The task of this invention is to improve the known knotted board, so that it can be used flexibly and has certain advantages during transport and storage.

According to this invention, this task is solved by using the aforementioned plate, where the loop nodes are arranged with mutual spaces, in order to create free spaces, the dimensions of which between the groups correspond at least to the external dimensions of the projections of these groups.

This solution is simple, and it also has the advantage that, thanks to these free spaces, the possibility of installing heating lines extends to almost countless different radii of curvature. Even completely unusual shapes, which deviate from the standard way of installing heating lines, can be realized by placing the lines in the passages between the loop nodes. In this way, the heating lines are not held with loop knots over the entire panel, but the heating lines are laid in an arrangement of your choice, between groups of knots. The free spaces enable the simultaneous reduction of the transport volume of the panels. Based on the selected dimensions, it is possible to place two panels, one on top of the other, with the loop nodes of both adjacent panels facing each other. Node groups of one panel enter the free spaces of another panel. In this way, the height of the composite panels is significantly reduced.

During the further development of the invention, we also find further advantages of this type of plate, for example ribbed protrusions on the base body, which stand against the base body less protruding than is the case with loop knots, and lines can be placed on these protrusions. Due to these protrusions, the heating lines inserted between the nodes do not rest completely on the base body, but only on the protrusions. On top of that, it will be easier to apply the floor covering under the heating lines, so that the heating lines are completely covered by the binder. Thanks to such a complete coating, it is possible to transfer heat from the heating lines to the floor covering, which improves the efficiency of the floor heating.

The advantage lies in the fact that the groups of loop nodes are distributed over the base body at regular intervals over the entire surface of the base body, thanks to such an arrangement, the possibility of stacking knotted panels is improved. In principle, it is possible to give different dimensions to groups of nodes and free spaces, and to distribute them irregularly on the basic body. However, in this case, you should check the dimensions and order of the nodes and the possibility of laying the panels on top of each other, with the nodes facing each other.

It is advantageous to arrange the nodes within one group in such a way that they are in relation to each other according to the main directions of the rectangular basic body, so that they create longitudinal and transverse passages, in which the lines are placed. This simplifies laying.

It also proves advantageous if groups of adjacent loop nodes create passages between them, which extend in the corresponding main direction of the plate. And in this way, the laying of lines is simplified, especially if it is about straight heating lines.

In doing so, it can prove to be an advantage if the nodes of neighboring groups form passages between them, which are slanted, and extend preferably at an angle of 45 degrees to the main direction of the basic body. This also simplifies the laying of straight heating lines.

It can also be an advantage if each group has an even number of nodes, because then the nodes can be arranged in pairs, which again makes laying easier.

A further favorable development of the invention is represented by protrusions that are shaped like ribs. Such ribs enable, on the one hand, more favorable tool making, and on the other hand, they simplify the laying of heating lines, which in this case are placed according to one's own choice.

At the same time, it is convenient if the ribs are designed so that they extend between adjacent groups of nodes. In this case, the functions of ribs and nodes are separated. The heating lines can thus be placed inside the nodes at a distance from the main body, so they lie outside the groups of nodes, on the ribs, that is, on the main body.

In addition, it is advantageous to place the ribs at an angle of about 60 degrees to the side edge of the rectangular base body. This also ensures that the heating lines are installed diagonally on the base body, i.e. on the ribs.

Furthermore, it is suitable if the ribs are shaped in such a way that they enclose a cross lattice pattern in their passage. This also ensures the support of the ribs for the heating lines.

It is also suitable if the groups of ribs are surrounded by groups of loop knots. In this way, the separation of the functions of ribs and nodes is also achieved.

At the same time, it is advantageous that the lattice pattern, formed by the ribs, is essentially rhomboidal in shape. Thanks to such a rhomboidal shape of the placement of the ribs, when the heating lines are arranged multiple times, a safe placement of the lines on the ribs is realized.

In addition, it is advantageous if the ribs cross in free spaces. This also improves the safe placement of the heating lines.

In a further development of the invention, the base body can have an encircling border, which essentially stands protruding against the base body at the height of the ribs. In this way, the laying of heating lines is also ensured at the transitions to the adjacent knotted panels.

A further advantage of this invention is if the nodes are made in the form of a prism with five side surfaces, whereby one front side surface is provided, to which one connecting side surface is connected on both sides, whereby both connecting side surfaces are essentially parallel to each other, and at the same time, two rear side surfaces are provided, which are connected to the connecting surfaces and are connected to each other. Such a five-sided design of nodes enables individual installation of heating lines.

It is also an advantage if the front sides and/or the connecting sides, and/or the back sides of the two adjacent loop nodes have a greater distance than the distance between that end and the base body, on the side of the plate that faces the opposite of the nodes. In this way, the concave shaping of the side surfaces can be realized. Acceptances for heating lines can be created via two opposite concave surfaces. These supports can be chosen so that the largest distance of the side surfaces essentially corresponds to the diameter of the tubular heating line, while the distance at the upper end is chosen so that the flexibility of the material from which the nodes or plates are made is sufficient for pressing the heating lines without the possibility of damage nodes, which prevents the heating lines from falling out of the socket formed by these nodes.

With knots shaped like this, it is convenient if the front or back side surfaces in a pair of arranged knots face each other. In this way, passages can be realized in the simplest way.

The flexibility in placing the heating lines can be increased if the rear side surfaces close an angle of about 90 degrees.

Furthermore, the flexibility is increased, especially if it is a matter of placing straight lines, by mutually leveling the back side surface and/or the connecting side surface, and/or the front side surface of adjacent pairs of nodes.

The laying, especially of straight lines, will be simplified, when the rear side surfaces and/or connecting surfaces and/or the front sides of the nodes of adjacent groups are aligned with each other.

A further advantageously designed version of this invention provides for two different types of knots, the knots of which differ in the design of the front side surfaces, whereby the knots of the first type have a ribbed projection, which stands out from the front side surface, and the knots of the second type have a depression, which corresponds to the ribbed projection . With this design of the nodes, on the basis of the ribs, the pinching of the heating lines between adjacent nodes is improved. In this way, a passage is formed between the front side surfaces of the adjacent nodes, which guides the heating pipe, and on the other side, a ribbed projection with a recess creates a means for pinching the heating lines.

It is convenient, if the groups are created from at least one pair of nodes, whose front side surface stands opposite the other pair of nodes, i.e. facing its rear side surface. In this way, groups of at least four nodes are created. Based on the order of the nodes, we can place the heating lines in the patterns we want.

It is advantageous if the groups are limited, consisting of one pair of nodes each, whose front sides face each other, and one pair of nodes each, whose back sides face each other. In this way, the symmetrical construction of knotted panels is enabled, which facilitates the inspection during the installation of heating lines.

In addition, it is advantageous that at least the nodes are made of elastic material, because with this the lines can be pressed between the nodes with a certain bias. If the knotted panels are made of artificial material, preferably Styrofoam, they also have good insulating properties.

Furthermore, the invention will be interpreted in more detail on the basis of practical examples.

The images show as follows:

Fig. 1 a node plate according to the invention in a top view;

Fig. 2 a section of the plate according to the invention from Fig. 1 with inserted lines;

Fig. 3 view from Fig. 2 with inserted lines, which are led into the arch;

Fig. 4 is a view from Fig. 2 with water inserted, having different radii of curvature as well as flat parts extending in various directions;

Fig. 5 a knotted plate in accordance with the invention, with a section of the wall along which the knotted plate extends, as well as with inserted heating water;

Fig. 6 top view of the heating plate according to the invention with inserted heating water;

Fig. 7, the knotted plate in the view from Fig. 6 with inserted heating water;

Fig. 8 two knotted plates laid on top of each other in side view;

Fig. 9 is a fragment of a panel with nodes according to the invention in a perspective view, where one group of nodes is shown;

Figure 10 perspective view of one group of nodes;

Fig. 11 is a second perspective view of the group of nodes from Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a top view of a panel node group according to the invention with a section of water placed between the nodes;

Fig. 13 view from Fig. 12 with a part of the pipe with a larger diameter;

Figure 14 is a schematic representation of a group of nodes with a schematic indication of the passage formed between the nodes;

Fig. 15 is a view from Fig. 14 with a schematic view of obliquely laid passages;

Figure 16 is an example of laying heating lines in one room;

Figure 17 is another example of laying heating lines in a room.

The nodal plate 1 consists of a basic body 1a with a larger number of nodes 2. It is made of heat-insulated, flexible and compressible material, for example, foamed or extruded polystyrene.

The nodes 2 are included in separate groups 3, where these groups 3 are evenly distributed over the entire upper surface 4 of the nodal plate 1. Free spaces 5 are created between the groups 3. Also, these free spaces 5 are evenly distributed over the entire upper surface 4 of the nodal plate. 1, or via its basic body 1a. The spaces between the groups 3 are chosen in such a way that they create free spaces 5 with dimensions that are at least as large as the outer dimensions of the groups of nodes. The basic body is essentially rectangular in shape, with side edges placed perpendicular to each other.

At the side edges, the flat-shaped base body 1a has a raised border 6, on which there are isolated rows 7 of knots 2. These groups are incomplete, and are completed by other knotted plates placed on them.

In Figure 1, the distances 8 between the groups of 3 nodes 2 are entered. The dimensions of these distances are chosen in such a way that they enable the installation of common, mostly flexible heating lines, especially if it is a matter of underfloor heating. The distance shown for example is 50 mm. Larger distances are also possible, such as 200 mm between individual groups, in the vertical direction shown in Figure l, and about 120 mm in the direction perpendicular to it. The dimensions of 120 mm by 200 mm for free space correspond to the outer dimension of one group of nodes. This can be clearly seen in Figure 1.

Groups of nodes 3 show the order of nodes 2 in pairs. At the same time, the nodes create rows, which are parallel to the sides of the knotted plate 1. Thanks to this order of nodes, longitudinal and transverse passages 10 and 11 are formed between adjacent nodes. At the same time, slanted passages 12 are also formed. part 9 into the passage thus formed. As it is clearly visible here, the conductive part 9 can be laid either parallel or diagonally along the side border of the knotted plate. The obliquely placed conductors 9 close an angle of about 45 degrees with one of the two side edges of the knotted plate 1. On the other hand, the group arrangement of the knots enables even curved conductors 9 to be laid as desired, as can be seen in Figure 3 as an example.

Another possibility of laying the conductive part is shown in Figure 5, where the knotted plate is laid on the wall 13. But in this case, the knotted plate must be appropriately cut beforehand. At the same time, this enables the arrangement of the nodes and the placement of the heating pipe along such an inclined wall, as close as possible to that wall.

In the presented example, individual groups 3 are arranged by eight nodes 2. It is also conceivable to arrange groups of four nodes. It is possible to create these groups from a larger number of nodes. The order of nodes or groups of nodes is preferably strictly symmetrical, so that each group has the same number of nodes.

The nodes themselves have essentially the same basic shape. In the presented example, nodes 2 show an almost identical shape. They differ only in the middle area of one of their pages.

The nodes 2 have a stem 14 in the shape representing a cone with flat sides, and as a result the nodes acquire a mushroom-like shape. More precisely, each node 2 has a conically expanded base 15, through which the node seems to grow out of the basic body of the plate and through which it is connected to the upper surface 4. The stem 14 of each node develops as a cone 16, and is concave on the sides. Thus, the cone or node develops a certain ability to form perpendicular to its longitudinal extension. Due to the conical shape of the stem 14 of each node 2, this creates a section 17 from the base body as a variable end of the stem 14, and this section 17 creates an encircling border with the purpose of a retainer. The distance between neighboring nodes is chosen in such a way that it basically corresponds to the outer diameter of one heating pipe. The gap in the termination area 17 creates an annular gap, which on the one hand allows the heating line to be held between the nodes, and on the other hand allows the heating line to be pressed between the nodes.

Basically, the knotted board has two types of knots. Both types have a substantially prismatic basic shape with front side faces VS, to which are attached connecting side faces VB, which are connected on both sides to rear side faces RS, which are also connected to connecting side faces and are connected to each other. The top view of the upper surface 4 of the basic body 1a shows that the nodes are thus pentagonal. At the same time, they are symmetrical along a line perpendicular to the front side surfaces and across the connecting section along both rear surfaces. Both connecting side surfaces VB run parallel to each other. All side surfaces, i.e. front surfaces VS, connecting surfaces VB and rear surfaces RS, are concave. Each of these sides thus forms one depression 21.

Two types of front side surfaces VS are distinguished, namely the front side 18 with a pressure side 22 with a ribbed projection 23, which extends in the vertical direction, and the front side 25, with a mother depression 26, which creates two prismatic protrusions 27 and 28, which extend towards the outside of the node tree. These protrusions create two bearing zones with a depression 26, which increase the pressure, which is exerted via the ribbed projection 24 of the second node to the front edge, when both front sides 22 and 25 form passages 10.

Nodes 2 thus create a flat and longitudinal channel between them, when the front sides 22 and 25 are arranged in such a way that they form the shape of a shaft. The conductive part of the 9 heating lines, placed for example, is supported on both front sides.

The basic order within identical groups of nodes is shown in Figures 9, 10, 14 and 15. This is a group of eight nodes, an example of which will be explained in the following description. Groups can also have a smaller number of nodes, for example 4 or 6 or some other even number of nodes, depending on the need.

In accordance with the preferred embodiment, an even number of nodes is preferably set. Each pair has nodes of different front sides 22 and 25. The nodes are placed side by side on a line extending in the same direction, either so that the corresponding front side surfaces are opposite each other, or in the reverse order, i.e. that their respective the back side surfaces lie opposite each other. The pairs are arranged on lines that extend transversely and always alternately.

The nodes located at the corners of one group 3 are surrounding nodes 29 and in this case they are placed so that their front sides face the inside of the group, or they are leading nodes 30, in which case they are arranged so that their front side surfaces face the the outside of the group. The front side surfaces of both types of nodes, if they are arranged in such a way as to form a window, do not only form a passage for the conductive parts 9 of the heating line 31, but above all enable vertical fastening by clamping that conductive part.

As it is clearly visible in the pictures, not only the front sides 22 and 25, i.e. the front side surfaces VS of each node are aligned, but also the rear side surfaces RS of adjacent pairs of nodes within one group. The connecting side surfaces of the VBS adjacent nodes are also aligned. At the same time, the posterior lateral surfaces of the RS and the anterior lateral surfaces of the VS nodes of different groups are tied.

Figure 4 also shows schematically, with dashed lines, individual lines installation directions within one group.

Nodes in accordance with this invention have a ribbed projection 32, which extends between individual groups of nodes. These ribbed protrusions 32 are placed over the basic body, but to a significantly smaller extent than the nodes themselves. The ribbed protrusions form a rhomboidal pattern 32, with individual rhombuses enclosing groups of nodes. These ribbed protrusions serve as a support for the heating lines on the base body.

In the following description, the effect and way of functioning of the invention is explained in more detail.

When installing underfloor heating, a knotted panel is first placed on the floor of a room. This is usually done in the "rohbau" phase of the construction of a building. The floor is completely covered with knotty panels. At the same time, the knotted plates lie next to each other with their side edges. Depending on the shape of the space, it is necessary to cut the knotted panels accordingly, e.g. as shown in Figure 5.

After the floor is covered with double panels, the heating lines 31 can be laid. Mostly, these are flexible lines made of artificial material, as indicated on the heating line 31. These are standard heating lines, which can have different diameters, such as 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm and 20 mm or measurements in between, as well as measurements from other unit systems. Based on the conical shape of the side surfaces, it is possible to place heating lines of different diameters in the passages between the nodes. When laying, the lines are pressed between the nodes, which is possible due to the flexibility of the material of the nodes, i.e. the node board. Pressing can be done, for example, with a foot, in order to press the cable between the nodes and thus remain in the position intended for it.

Heating lines can be installed in arbitrary paths. Thus, it is possible to place heating lines only between the front side surfaces of adjacent nodes, or between the connecting side surfaces of adjacent nodes, or between the rear side surfaces of adjacent nodes. Since the rear side faces, the connecting side faces and the front side faces of the nodes mutually align different groups of nodes, it is also possible to bridge larger flat distances. At the same time, it is possible, on the basis of free space, to install heating lines with desired curvature radii. The different laying possibilities can be well recognized in Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. In Figure 4, the laying directions are indicated by dashed lines.

Also on pictures 16 and 17 are visible examples of covering the space. Here, several panels are placed on top of each other.

Different laying options are available according to figures 12 to 15. Figures 12 and 13 show how heating lines of different diameters can be laid on knotted plates. In Figures 14 and 15, the directions in which the heating lines can be laid are indicated by dashed lines.

The arbitrariness of the method of laying is given especially through the free spaces between individual groups of nodes. This, first of all, makes it possible to arbitrarily determine the direction of laying the heating lines. This also means a significant improvement compared to previous knotted panels, which impose the laying of lines in a certain pattern.

When the heating lines are placed in the passages, they rest on the upper surface of the base body of the knotted plate via the ribs 32. This allows the heating lines to connect to the base body of the knotted plate only in the region of the ribs. Between the ribs, the heating lines are laid freely based on their stiffness, which means that they have a distance to the base body of the panel. Alternative solutions also envisage connecting pairs of nodes via individual ribs. These ribs have an advantage when applying the floor covering, where the binder completely covers the heating lines. Such application of the venza floor covering follows the laying of the heating lines, to finish the floor. The next advantage of the invention arises in terms of the ability to store and transport knotted panels due to the existence of free spaces. Figure 8 shows how the knotted panels according to the invention can be stored. Based on the shape of the groups of nodes and the free spaces between these groups, it is possible to store knotted panels in such a way that the nodes of the panels stacked on top of each other face each other, while the groups of nodes of one panel are inserted into the free spaces of the other panel. This significantly reduces the height of the pile.

Claims (27)

1. A nodal panel for laying heating or cooling lines where the lines are integrated into the floors or walls, with a greater number of nodes (2) protruding in relation to the essentially flat base body (1b), and between these nodes lines are placed, indicated by , that the nodes (2) are arranged in groups (3), which are located in mutual spaces, in order to create free spaces (5), whose dimensions between the groups correspond at least to the outer dimensions of those groups. 2. A knotted plate according to claim 1, indicated by the fact that the groups of knots are distributed over the entire surface of the upper side (4) of the basic body. 3. A knotted plate according to one of the aforementioned requirements, characterized by the fact that the free spaces (5) are distributed at regular intervals over the entire surface of the upper side (4) of the knotted plate. 4. A knotted panel according to one of the aforementioned requirements, characterized by the fact that the nodes (2) within one group (3) are arranged in such a way that they create longitudinal passages (10) and transverse passages (11) between themselves in relation to the main rectangular directions plates with nodes, which enables the installation of lines in these passages. 5. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned requirements, characterized by the fact that the nodes of adjacent groups create passages (10, 11) between them, which extend in one of the main directions of the basic body. 6. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned requirements, characterized by the fact that the nodes of adjacent groups create passages (12) between them that extend diagonally, preferably at an angle of 45 degrees in relation to the main directions of the basic body. 7. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that each group (31) has an even number of nodes (2). 8. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned requirements, characterized by the fact that the nodes are essentially in the form of a prism, with five side surfaces, where one front side surface (VS) is provided, to which one connection is connected on each side side surface (VBS), which are parallel to each other, and two rear side surfaces (RS), which continue to the connecting surfaces and are connected to each other. 9. A nodal plate according to claim 8, indicated by the fact that the front side surfaces and/or connecting side surfaces and/or rear side surfaces of two adjacent nodes, at the opposite end of the node from the base body, have a greater distance than the distance between the mentioned end and basic body. 10. A knotted panel according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized by the fact that either the rear side surfaces or the front side surfaces in pairs of arranged nodes face each other. 11. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the rear side surfaces close an angle of about 90 degrees. 12. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the rear side surfaces and the front side surfaces and the connecting side surfaces mutually align adjacent pairs of nodes. 13. A nodal panel according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the rear side surfaces and the front side surfaces and the connecting side surfaces mutually align the nodes of adjacent groups. 14. A knotted plate according to one of the aforementioned requirements, indicated by the fact that two different types of knots are provided, which differ in the shape of the front side surface, whereby in the case of the first type of knots, a ribbed protrusion is provided, which protrudes in the direction of the front side surface , and with nodes of the second type, a recess in the form of a nut is provided, which jumps back into the front side surface. 15. A knotted plate according to claim 14, characterized in that the groups are shaped so that a group of at least one pair of knots faces the rear side of another group of one pair of knots with its front side surface. 16. A knotted plate according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by the fact that groups formed by at least one pair of knots are created, which face the back side of another group of one pair of knots with their front side. 17. A nodal plate according to one of the aforementioned requirements, indicated by the fact that ribbed protrusions (32) are provided on the base body, which are less protruding compared to the base body than the nodes, and lines can be placed on these protrusions. 18. A knotted plate according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the protrusions (32) are ribbed. 19. A knotted plate according to claim 18, characterized in that the ribs extend between adjacent groups. 20. A knotted plate according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the ribs close an angle with one side edge of the base body (1a) of preferably 60 degrees. 21. A knotted plate according to claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the ribs create a grid pattern by crossing. 22. A knotted plate according to claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the ribs frame groups of knots. 23. A knotted plate according to claims 18 to 22, characterized in that the lattice pattern created by the ribs has an essentially rhomboidal shape. 24. A knotted plate according to claims 18 to 23, characterized in that the ribs cross in free spaces. 25. A nodal plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body has a single circumferential border, which is essentially in position with respect to the base body at the same height as the ribs. 26. A knotted plate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the knots are made of elastic material. 27. A knotted plate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the plate with knots is made of plastic material, preferably polystyrene.