HK8790A - Blow-moulded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate and piece to be blow-moulded into the same bottle-shaped container - Google Patents

Blow-moulded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate and piece to be blow-moulded into the same bottle-shaped container

Info

Publication number
HK8790A
HK8790A HK8790A HK8790A HK8790A HK 8790 A HK8790 A HK 8790A HK 8790 A HK8790 A HK 8790A HK 8790 A HK8790 A HK 8790A HK 8790 A HK8790 A HK 8790A
Authority
HK
Hong Kong
Prior art keywords
blow
moulded
shaped container
bottle
piece
Prior art date
Application number
HK8790A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yoshiaki Hayashi
Takuzo Takada
Original Assignee
Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd filed Critical Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd
Publication of HK8790A publication Critical patent/HK8790A/xx

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/6409Thermal conditioning of preforms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/071Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0223Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/072Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/072Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness
    • B29C2949/0723Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness at flange portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/072Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness
    • B29C2949/0724Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness at body portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/073Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable diameter
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/073Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable diameter
    • B29C2949/0732Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable diameter at flange portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/073Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable diameter
    • B29C2949/0733Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable diameter at body portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/076Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape
    • B29C2949/0768Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform
    • B29C2949/077Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform characterised by the neck
    • B29C2949/0772Closure retaining means
    • B29C2949/0773Threads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/22Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at neck portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/24Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at flange portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/26Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at body portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/28Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at bottom portion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/6409Thermal conditioning of preforms
    • B29C49/6436Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential
    • B29C49/6445Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential through the preform length
    • B29C49/6452Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential through the preform length by heating the neck
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25Solid
    • B29K2105/253Preform
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0041Crystalline
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1397Single layer [continuous layer]
HK8790A 1981-09-02 1990-02-01 Blow-moulded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate and piece to be blow-moulded into the same bottle-shaped container HK8790A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1981130590U JPS5836121U (ja) 1981-09-02 1981-09-02 2軸延伸ブロ−成形壜体成形用1次成形品

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
HK8790A true HK8790A (en) 1990-02-09

Family

ID=15037838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
HK8790A HK8790A (en) 1981-09-02 1990-02-01 Blow-moulded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate and piece to be blow-moulded into the same bottle-shaped container

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4991728A (xx)
EP (1) EP0074246B1 (xx)
JP (1) JPS5836121U (xx)
AU (1) AU560064B2 (xx)
CA (1) CA1204066A (xx)
DE (1) DE3265849D1 (xx)
HK (1) HK8790A (xx)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6068247A (ja) * 1983-08-31 1985-04-18 日精エ−・エス・ビ−機械株式会社 二軸配向びん
FR2580545B1 (fr) * 1985-04-17 1987-09-11 Evian Eaux Min Procede et dispositif de renforcement d'une bague de bouteille en matiere plastique
JPS63130330A (ja) * 1986-11-20 1988-06-02 Katashi Aoki ポリプロピレン等の射出延伸吹込成形法
US4863046A (en) * 1987-12-24 1989-09-05 Continental Pet Technologies, Inc. Hot fill container
EP0521212A1 (en) * 1991-07-03 1993-01-07 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Limited Highly drawn and blow-molded polyester bottle and method of manufacturing thereof
GB2262080B (en) * 1991-12-05 1996-05-29 Tanks & Drums Ltd Container and closure assembly
CA2494247C (en) * 1997-04-16 2006-03-28 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Partial crystallization method and apparatus of amorphous plastic articles
DE19917916B4 (de) * 1999-04-20 2005-11-03 Dalli-Werke Wäsche- und Körperpflege GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kunststoffflasche und damit herstellbare Flasche
US6139812A (en) 1999-07-07 2000-10-31 Technology Concepts Products, Inc. Crystallizing machine
US6315967B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2001-11-13 Schmalbach-Lubeca Ag Crystallizing process
JP3982173B2 (ja) * 2000-12-05 2007-09-26 東洋製罐株式会社 プラスチック製容器の製造方法
GB2393961B (en) * 2002-10-12 2007-03-14 Colormatrix Europe Ltd Moulded thermoplastic articles and process
US20050098527A1 (en) * 2003-09-15 2005-05-12 Yates William M.Iii Multiple cavity bottle and method of manufacturing same
US7214341B2 (en) 2004-01-30 2007-05-08 Owens-Illinois Prescription Products Inc. Method of injection molding a preform including a radially extending element
JP5162878B2 (ja) * 2006-10-23 2013-03-13 東洋製罐株式会社 プリフォーム及びその加熱方法
JP2011131487A (ja) * 2009-12-24 2011-07-07 Fujifilm Corp 内部に空洞を含有する成形体、及びその製造方法
PL2739551T3 (pl) * 2011-08-01 2018-03-30 Graham Packaging Co Pojemnik aerozolowy z tworzywa sztucznego oraz sposób wytwarzania
DE102014014144A1 (de) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-24 Mahir Aktas Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer optimierten Halskontur an Preformen

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA711341B (en) * 1970-03-10 1971-11-24 Pepsico Inc Plastic container for carbonated beverage
US3934743A (en) * 1972-12-29 1976-01-27 American Can Company Blow molded, oriented plastic bottle and method for making same
US3900120A (en) * 1973-02-12 1975-08-19 Monsanto Co Preforms for forming pressurized containers
US4025594A (en) * 1975-09-23 1977-05-24 Monsanto Company Method for production of hollow articles from injection molded preforms
JPS52120083A (en) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-08 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Polyester opaque bottle and method of producing same
GB1546937A (en) * 1976-07-29 1979-05-31 Beecham Group Ltd 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives
JPS5399272A (en) * 1977-02-14 1978-08-30 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Production of cloudy bottle comprising unsaturated polyester resin
SE417592B (sv) * 1978-03-13 1981-03-30 Plm Ab Behallare av teromplastiskt plastmaterial med i behallarveggen inbyggda forsterkningar, samt forfarande for framstellning av en sadan behallare
JPS54140687A (en) * 1978-04-24 1979-11-01 Yoshizaki Kozo Extended plastic bottle and making method thereof
JPS5512031A (en) * 1978-07-04 1980-01-28 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Bottle made of polyethylene terephthalate
GB2024087B (en) * 1978-06-29 1982-08-25 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Blow moulding polyester container
JPS5933101B2 (ja) * 1978-07-19 1984-08-13 株式会社吉野工業所 飽和ポリエステル延伸ブロ−成形瓶
GB2034663B (en) * 1978-11-07 1983-09-01 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Synthetic resin thin-walled bottle
JPS584610B2 (ja) * 1978-12-07 1983-01-27 株式会社吉野工業所 飽和ポリエステル樹脂製壜
JPS5579239A (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-06-14 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Innprocess material for making bottole of twooaxissextended synthetic resin and method of using said material
AU538516B2 (en) * 1979-01-26 1984-08-16 Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd. Crystallised surface of blow moulding
JPS55107430A (en) * 1979-02-09 1980-08-18 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Forming method of bottle with handle made of plastic
DE2910609A1 (de) * 1979-03-17 1980-09-25 Ver Verpackungs Gmbh Vorformling zum herstellen eines transparenten hohlkoerpers
US4256789B1 (en) * 1979-07-19 1991-03-26 Injection molded,polyethylene terephthalate parison for blow molding
JPS5678944A (en) * 1979-11-30 1981-06-29 Katashi Aoki Method and apparatus for heating opening portion of neck mold
JPS578123A (en) * 1980-06-17 1982-01-16 Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd Manufacture of hollow container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0074246A1 (en) 1983-03-16
JPS5836121U (ja) 1983-03-09
CA1204066A (en) 1986-05-06
JPS6142808Y2 (xx) 1986-12-04
AU8804582A (en) 1983-03-10
EP0074246B1 (en) 1985-08-28
US4991728A (en) 1991-02-12
AU560064B2 (en) 1987-03-26
DE3265849D1 (en) 1985-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0073151A3 (en) Blow-moulded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate resin and method of moulding the same
DE3265849D1 (en) Blow-moulded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate and piece to be blow-moulded into the same bottleshaped container
AU558333B2 (en) Method of strengthening neck portion of bottle-shaped container of biaxially orented polyethylene terephthalate resin
DE3266720D1 (en) Container of polyethylene terephthalate or saturated polyester resin
EP0153894A3 (en) Biaxially oriented plastic container with excellent heat-resistance and gas barrier properties
EP0198587A3 (en) Biaxial-orientation blow-moulded bottle-shaped container
GB2038208B (en) Saturated polyester bottle-shaped container with hard coating and method of fabricating the same
DE3573381D1 (en) Method of blow-moulding a biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate resin bottle-shaped container
JPS55154235A (en) Combined bottle made of polyester and terephthalate
AU1244088A (en) Preform for biaxially oriented container and method of molding the same
JPS52103283A (en) Polyethylene terephthalate resin bottle and method of forming same
DE3477365D1 (en) Blow-molded bottle-shaped container of biaxially oriented thermoplastic synthetic resin with wide port
FI813440L (fi) Anordning foer transportering av contairar i taogvagnar
JPS5472180A (en) Twooaxis extended bottle made of polyethylene terephthalate and method of forming said bottle
JPS52103284A (en) Polyethylene terephthalate resin bottle and method of forming same
AR228781A1 (es) Preforma de cartulina revestida de plastico y recipiente formado con dicha preforma
EP0240037A3 (en) Blow-molded bottle-shaped container of biaxially orientated thermoplastic synthetic resin with wide port and method of molding the same
JPS5677144A (en) Bottle body in polyethylene terephthalate resin
GB2072091B (en) Bottle-shaped container of orientation-moulded polypropylene resin and method of moulding the same
JPS5632015U (en) The bottle made of polyester resin
GB2197303B (en) Transport and storage container with screw closure
DE3364502D1 (en) Plastic bottle case and bottle packaging obtained with this case
GB2097366B (en) Bottle and like container closures
DE3270297D1 (en) Method of strengthening neck portion of bottle-shaped container of polyethylene terephthalate resin
JPS52103282A (en) Polyethylene terephthalate resin bottle and mold and method of forming same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PE Patent expired