HK1237808A - Soil-improving material and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Soil-improving material and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- HK1237808A HK1237808A HK17111654.5A HK17111654A HK1237808A HK 1237808 A HK1237808 A HK 1237808A HK 17111654 A HK17111654 A HK 17111654A HK 1237808 A HK1237808 A HK 1237808A
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- soil amendment
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Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a soil conditioner to be scattered in a forest or the like, and a method for producing the same.
Background
Conventionally, power generation using biomass such as thinning material has been performed in mountainous areas and the like, and has become a novel energy resource. In addition, in fushan county, in recent years, biomass power generation has been carried out using not only thinning materials of forests in mountainous areas but also branches and the like generated by pruning trees such as street trees and parks on roads. In biomass power generation in which wood such as a wood is burned to generate power, ash remaining after combustion is fine powder, and therefore, measures such as solidification and burial are required to avoid the ash from being diffused to cause environmental problems such as air pollution for final disposal, and treatment cost is required. However, the ash remaining after the combustion of the intermediate cut material has the following characteristics: minerals rich in plants, such as large amounts of minerals, are alkaline, and harmful components are small because they do not burn artifacts, and it is desired to effectively utilize them.
On the other hand, in mountainous and river areas, forest destruction caused by acid rain due to air pollution is increasing. Due to acid rain, soil acidification of forests, microorganisms can not be propagated, forests can not obtain nutrition, so that the resistance is reduced, and the forests can not resist pests and the like and wither. Therefore, in a mountain area where acid rain is strong, a withered forest is enlarged, rainwater from local heavy rain cannot be retained, and a disaster such as landslide occurs. Therefore, soil improvement materials described in the following patent documents have been proposed in recent years.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2005-2305
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
Patent document 1 proposes a solid soil improving material obtained by mixing, stirring and kneading charcoal and bean curd refuse, molding the mixture into a granular form, and drying the molded product. However, the soil improving material proposed in patent document 1 has a problem that the effect of the soil improving component is difficult to continue for a long period of time because of its weak water retention and fertility retention, and has a problem that the component contained in the soil improving material is difficult to diffuse over a wide range although it is easy to disperse the soil improving material because the soil improving material is a solid substance such as particles.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a soil improvement material which maintains a well-balanced soil environment preferred by soil microorganisms including bacteria, and sustains the activity and diversity of the soil microorganisms for a long period of time, thereby growing healthy soil with high soil productivity while keeping the growth of chemical fertilizers and agricultural crops still vigorous even if the amount of chemical fertilizers and agricultural crops is reduced, and a method for producing the same.
Means for solving the problems
The present invention for solving the above problems is a soil improving material formed into solid particles, characterized by containing a high-absorbent resin in a dry powder form and a general soil improving ingredient containing a pH adjusting ingredient and a bacteria active ingredient.
Further, in order to adjust the acidity of the soil and maintain the soil environment in which soil microorganisms are activated for a long period of time, it is preferable that the pH adjusting component contains plant ash and/or coal ash and a shell piece.
The term "bacterial active ingredient" means an organic substance of a feed to be used as bacteria, and preferably contains bean curd refuse and/or rice bran, and coffee grounds and/or tea leaves as the bacterial active ingredient.
In order to avoid soil pests, it is preferable that the soil improving material contains neem fruit and oil residue of seeds.
In order to diffuse and retain the pH-adjusting component and the bacterial active component in the soil, it is desirable to contain 1 to 2 wt% of the high-absorbency resin.
Further, the amount of the soil amendment dispersed is preferably 1m2400g to 1800g of soil.
Further, as a method for producing the soil improvement material, a method for producing a soil improvement material comprising the steps of: stirring the highly absorbent resin, the pH-adjusting component and the bacterial active component in a mixer to prepare a mixture; and a step of molding the mixture into pellets by high-pressure and/or compression extrusion processing at a water content of 10 to 15%.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, the soil environment preferred by soil microorganisms is not only regulated by the pH regulating component, but also the organic substance to be a feed for bacteria is supplied by the active ingredient of bacteria, and the highly absorbent resin is added thereto, thereby obtaining an effect of diffusing and maintaining the soil environment preferred by soil microorganisms. In detail, the super absorbent resin exerts the following effects: the pH adjusting component and the bacterial active component permeate and diffuse into the soil by absorbing moisture and swelling by rainfall, and these components are held in the soil together with the moisture. The soil microorganisms are kept in a soil with a pH-adjusting component, a bacterial active component and a water balance, which are necessary for activating the soil microorganisms including bacteria, being well maintained, and thereby the effect of activating the bacteria is synergistically exerted, and the diversity of the soil microorganisms is maintained. As a result, it is possible to cultivate a healthy soil having a high soil productivity and being vigorously grown even if chemical fertilizers and agricultural crops are reduced.
Further, if the composition contains plant ash and/or coal ash and shell pieces as pH adjusting components, the effect of the soil improving component, particularly the pH adjusting component, is sustained for a long period of time because the composition contains the plant ash and/or coal ash as the pH adjusting component having a quick action and the shell pieces as the pH adjusting components having a slow action.
In addition, in the case of the constitution containing bean curd refuse and/or rice bran and coffee grounds and/or tea leaves as the bacteria-active ingredient, since bean curd refuse and/or rice bran as the bacteria-feed having a quick-acting property and coffee grounds and/or tea leaves as the bacteria-feed having a slow-acting property are contained, the effect by the soil-improving ingredient, particularly the bacteria-active ingredient, is continued for a long period of time.
The neem oil residue can avoid pest and does not harm soil microorganisms. By including neem in the soil improving material, the pest repellent ingredient contained in neem is retained in the shallow layer of soil for a long period of time, and thus the pest control effect is more durable than that of merely spreading neem oil residue itself.
In order to diffuse and retain the pH-adjusting component and the bacterial active component in the soil, a large amount of the highly absorbent resin is not required, and the highly absorbent resin is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 2 wt%.
Further, the present invention is a method comprising the steps of, after the raw materials are actually dispersed, swelling the granular soil improvement material and allowing the components contained in the soil improvement material to be diffused over a wide range, wherein the method comprises: a step of stirring the high-absorbency resin, the pH adjusting component and the bacterial active component with a mixer to prepare a mixture; and a step of forming the mixture into pellets by supplying the mixture at a water content of 10 to 15% and performing high-pressure and/or compression extrusion processing.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 (1), (2), (3) and (4) are a perspective view, a front view, a plan view and a sectional view taken along line A-A of the soil amendment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view showing the effect of the soil improvement material, (a) shows the growth process of summer radishes, and (b) shows the growth process of komatsuna.
FIG. 3 shows photographs of plants of summer radish on day 55 from sowing, (a) is comparative example, (b) is example 1, (c) is example 2, (d) is example 3, and (e) is example 4.
FIG. 4 shows photographs of a plant on day 55 from sowing of Pinus koraiensis, (a) is comparative example, (b) is example 1, (c) is example 2, (d) is example 3, and (e) is example 4.
Description of the symbols
10 soil improving material
20 high-absorptivity resin
30 general soil improving ingredients
40 particulate component
50 shell slice
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1. First, as shown in fig. 1, the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention is in the form of solid particles, in other words, in the form of a substantially cylindrical shape, and can be spread to forests, parks, street trees, and the like by means of a conventional spreader or the like. The soil amendment 10 preferably has a bottom radius of about 2mm and a height of about 8 mm. The soil improving material 10 of the present invention contains a super absorbent resin 20 and a general soil improving component 30.
The highly absorbent resin 20 contains a crosslinked acrylic acid polymer partial salt and water and is a dry powder, and the highly absorbent resin 20 is preferably a substance which has been confirmed to be decomposed harmlessly in soil, for example, commercially available substance such as GT1 (registered trademark) サンフレッシュ available from Sanyo chemical industries, Inc. the highly absorbent resin 20 has a chloride ion content of 0.07 to 7mmol per 1g dry weight, and has a water absorption capacity of 1.0 × 10 to 1.0 × 10 in ion-exchanged water at 25 DEG C3A hydrogel-forming polymer. Therefore, the hair can be made to have excellent water retention and fertility retention and to swell by rainfall or the likeThe general soil improvement component 30 contained in the soil improvement material 10 is diffused to a wider range. The high-absorbency resin 20 is not added to supply water to plants, but added to permeate and diffuse the pH adjusting component and the bacteria active component into the soil and to retain these components in the soil together with water, and the high-absorbency resin 20 is contained in an amount of 1 to 5 wt%, more preferably 1 to 2 wt%, based on the total amount of the soil improvement material 10, without being added in a large amount.
The soil improvement component 30 generally contains a pH adjusting component and a bacteria active component, and as shown in fig. 1, contains a fine particle component 40 and a shell piece 50.
As the pH adjusting component, there may be mentioned: plant ash and coal ash as the particulate components 40, and shell pieces 50. The plant ash is combustion ash for biomass power generation, and the content of the plant ash is preferably about 20% when the total amount of the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention is 100%. The coal ash is ash generated in a thermal power plant or the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ash collected by an electric dust collector or the like, which generates a large amount of ash during combustion in a thermal power plant (large boiler) using coal as a fuel, and which contains spherical fine particles of a level that are blown up together with combustion gas. The content of the coal ash is preferably about 20% when the total amount of the soil improving material 10 of the present invention is 100%. The shell piece 50 is a powder of a shell of oyster or the like, and has a size of about several mm. The content of the shell pieces is preferably about 5% when the total amount of the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention is 100%.
In the pH adjusting material, plant ash and coal ash are used as pH adjusting components having relatively quick-acting properties, and either one or both of them may be contained in the soil improving material 10 of the present invention. Further, the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention can maintain the effect of the pH adjusting component for a long period of time by containing the plant ash and/or coal ash and the shell piece 50 as the pH adjusting component having a relatively slow effect.
As the bacterial active ingredient, there may be mentioned: bean curd residue, rice bran, coffee grounds, tea leaves, etc. The soybean curd refuse and the rice bran are feeds for bacteria having a quick-acting property, and either one or both of them may be contained in the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention. When the total amount of the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention is assumed to be 100%, the contents of the bean curd refuse and the rice bran are preferably about 15%. The coffee grounds and the tea leaves are feeds of bacteria having a slow-release property, and either one or both of them may be contained in the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention. When the total amount of the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention is 100%, the contents of the coffee grounds and the tea leaves are preferably about 10%. Further, the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention can maintain the effect of the bacterial active ingredient for a long period of time by containing the bean curd refuse and/or rice bran as the feed for the bacteria having the fast-acting property and the coffee grounds and/or tea leaves as the feed for the bacteria having the slow-acting property.
Neem is a tree that naturally grows mainly in india and southeast asia, and its fruits, leaves, and bark have been confirmed to have various medicinal effects. Furthermore, the neem in the form of oil residue left after squeezing fruits and seeds is also used in agriculture as an insect repellent, and when it is sprinkled into soil, an effect of repelling pests can be obtained by the components contained in neem. The soil improvement material 10 can have an insect-proofing effect by containing 5 to 10 wt% of neem oil residue.
The method for producing the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention includes the steps of: a step of stirring 1-2 wt% of the super absorbent resin 20, the pH adjusting component and the bacterial active component by a mixer to prepare a mixture, and a step of subjecting the mixture to high-pressure and/or compression extrusion processing at a water content of 10-15% to form granules.
The results of an analysis test on the soil improvement material 10 (the soil improvement material produced by the above production method and containing 20% of plant ash, 20% of coal ash, 10% of coffee grounds, 10% of tea leaves, 15% of rice bran, 15% of bean curd refuse, 5% of shell pieces 50, and 5% of high-absorbent resin 20, respectively) were: according to absorptiometry, the total amount of phosphoric acid is about 1.32%. Further, according to the flame atomic absorption spectrometry, the total amount of potassium was about 2.71%, the total amount of magnesium oxide was 1.28%, the total amount of lime was 6.66%, and the total amount of manganese was 0.030%. Further, according to ICP emission spectrometry, the water-soluble boron content was 0.033%. Further, the total amount of silicic acid was 28.80% by weight and the water content was 6.17%. Further, the total amount of iron was 0.73% by chelate titration. Further, according to the glass electrode method, the hydrogen ion concentration was 9.5.
Next, the composition and the optimum spreading amount of the soil improvement material 10 will be described by way of examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and embodiments may be modified as long as they do not depart from the gist of the present invention.
In order to confirm the effect of the soil improvement material 10, plants were cultivated under 5 conditions with different spreading amounts of the soil improvement material 10. The soil of the seedling bed was collected from the second Shangshan mountain of Gaokang, Fushan county, and well water having a pH of 7.0 was used as irrigation water. A total of 5 cultivation boxes were prepared in comparative examples and examples 1 to 4, and the same amount of bed soil was put in the cultivation boxes, followed by sowing, and different amounts of soil improvement materials 10 were scattered in examples 1 to 4, but not scattered in comparative examples. All the cultivation boxes are kept at 20-25 ℃ in the daytime and more than 10 ℃ at night in a plastic shed, and equal amount of water is irrigated every day.
The soil improvement material 10 used in examples 1 to 4 had the following composition.
pH adjusting component 49.3% by weight
49.3% by weight of the bacterial active ingredient
High absorbent resin 1.4% by weight
Specifically, the plant ash, coal ash and shell pieces 50 are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1: 2 as a pH adjusting component, rice bran as a bacterial active ingredient, and GT1 manufactured by sanyo chemical corporation as a super absorbent resin 20 were mixed and pelletized by compression extrusion.
In addition, the amount of the soil improvement material 10 to be spread in examples 1 to 4 was calculated as 1m per unit2The weights of the soils were as follows.
FIG. 2(a) is a diagram showing comparative examples and examples 1 to 4 relating to the growth history when a summer radish was cultivated from seeds, and FIG. 2(b) is a diagram showing comparative examples and examples 1 to 4 relating to the growth history when a pinus koraiensis was cultivated from seeds. The vertical axis represents the average height, and the horizontal axis represents the number of elapsed days. The same results were obtained in fig. 2(a) and (b). In all examples and comparative examples, the plants germinated smoothly, but the growth thereafter differed. As is clear from fig. 3(a) and 4(a), the comparative example (shown as a blank control in fig. 2) in which the soil improvement material 10 was not spread hardly grew. In examples 1 to 4, although no great difference was observed in growth, the best growth was example 1 (shown as Ex1 in fig. 2) and then example 2 (shown as Ex2 in fig. 2). From this result, it was confirmed that: the soil improvement material 10 of the present invention has an effect of fertilizing soil. The amount of the soil conditioner 10 is about 400 to 1800g/m2The effect is sufficiently observed, and the optimum amount of the dispersion is about 800 to 1200g/m2。
The soil improvement material 10 of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately modified within a range not departing from the gist thereof. For example, the shape and size of the granules are arbitrary, and the general soil improvement component 30 may contain components other than those listed above. In addition, living soil bacteria may be added to the soil improvement material 10.
Claims (7)
1. A soil improving material which is a soil improving material formed into a solid state granular shape,
contains high-absorptivity resin in dry powder form and general soil-improving component,
the general soil improvement ingredient contains a pH adjusting ingredient and a bacterial active ingredient.
2. The soil amendment material according to claim 1, wherein a plant ash and/or coal ash, and a shell piece are contained as the pH adjustment component.
3. The soil amendment material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein bean curd refuse and/or rice bran, and coffee grounds and/or tea leaves are contained as the bacterial active ingredients.
4. A soil amendment material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising neem oil residue.
5. The soil amendment material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the high-absorbency resin is contained in an amount of 1 to 2 wt.%.
6. The soil amendment material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the soil amendment material is present for every 1m2The soil is spread by 400 g-1800 g.
7. A method for producing a soil amendment material, comprising: a step of stirring the high-absorbent resin, the pH-adjusting component and the bacteria-activating component with a mixer to prepare a mixture, and
and a step of subjecting the mixture to high-pressure and/or compression extrusion processing at a water content of 10 to 15% to form a pellet.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-256253 | 2015-12-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HK1237808A1 HK1237808A1 (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| HK1237808A true HK1237808A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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