GB963932A - The process and apparatus for electrodialyzing solutions - Google Patents

The process and apparatus for electrodialyzing solutions

Info

Publication number
GB963932A
GB963932A GB17119/62A GB1711962A GB963932A GB 963932 A GB963932 A GB 963932A GB 17119/62 A GB17119/62 A GB 17119/62A GB 1711962 A GB1711962 A GB 1711962A GB 963932 A GB963932 A GB 963932A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
unsubmerged
cationic
anode
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB17119/62A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suez WTS Systems USA Inc
Original Assignee
Ionics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US108061A external-priority patent/US3135673A/en
Application filed by Ionics Inc filed Critical Ionics Inc
Publication of GB963932A publication Critical patent/GB963932A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
    • C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
    • C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
    • C25B13/08—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for decomposing salts to form their organic or inorganic acid and base components by electrodialysis, the salt solution is fed under pressure into a central compartment of a cell separated from the anolyte by a liquid permeable non-selective diaphragm, and from the catholyte by a cationic perm-selective diaphragm. The process may be applied to regenerating sodium sulphate solution from fibre spinning to form sodium bisulphate and caustic <PICT:0963932/C6-C7/1> soda, or to salts of organic or inorganic acids, e.g. sodium acetate, or potassium halides; di-and tri-basic acid salts are also referred to. The permeable diaphragm may be microporous asbestos, rubber, ceramics, P.V.C. and similar polymers. The cationic diaphragm may be copolymers of divinyl benzene, and olefinic carboxylic compounds, condensation products of resorcylic acid and formalin, or sulphonated humic materials. The process prevents the flow of H ions into the catholyte and in the case of caustic soda production is salt-free. One or both diaphragms may be supported by expanded metal which may form the electrode The electrodes may be submerged in the liquid or unsubmerged, and the central compartment may be divided, the compartment adjacent the anode cell receiving the electrolyte, and that adjacent the cathode cell receiving water. In an apparatus of this type, foraminous metal electrodes 2a, 11a are attached to porous membranes 6, 16, and the central compartment is divided by a cationic selective membrane 10. Electrolyte is fed in at 7 and water at 12. The water flows through membrane 16 and trickles down the unsubmerged cathode grid 11a, flushing down the cathodic product to the chamber 61 and minimizing losses of OH ions. Gases produced are quickly released by the use of the unsubmerged electrodes. Similarly H ions formed at the anode 2a are washed down into chamber 48 and are prevented from migrating towards the chamber 15. The anode is preferably Pt, Ph or a coating of these on Ti or Ta; the cathode is of Ni or steel. U.S.A. Specifications 2,681,320 and 3,017,338 are referred to.
GB17119/62A 1961-05-05 1962-05-04 The process and apparatus for electrodialyzing solutions Expired GB963932A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US108061A US3135673A (en) 1961-05-05 1961-05-05 Process and apparatus for electrolyzing salt solutions
US185424A US3222267A (en) 1961-05-05 1962-04-05 Process and apparatus for electrolyzing salt solutions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB963932A true GB963932A (en) 1964-07-15

Family

ID=26805480

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB17119/62A Expired GB963932A (en) 1961-05-05 1962-05-04 The process and apparatus for electrodialyzing solutions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3222267A (en)
GB (1) GB963932A (en)
NL (1) NL278049A (en)

Families Citing this family (36)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3525643A (en) * 1966-04-13 1970-08-25 Anita Ryhiner Process for producing electrical energy in a fuel cell
GB1149416A (en) * 1967-03-16 1969-04-23 Ici Ltd Manufacture of chlorine and caustic alkali in diaphragm cells
US3438879A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-04-15 Hooker Chemical Corp Protection of permselective diaphragm during electrolysis
US3496077A (en) * 1967-12-18 1970-02-17 Hal B H Cooper Electrolyzing of salt solutions
US3523880A (en) * 1967-12-27 1970-08-11 Ionics Electrolytic cell for removal and recovery of so2 from waste gases
US3524801A (en) * 1968-02-09 1970-08-18 Ionics Process for producing sulfuric acid from so2 containing waste gas
US3523755A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-08-11 Ionics Processes for controlling the ph of sulfur dioxide scrubbing system
US3515513A (en) * 1969-02-03 1970-06-02 Ionics Carbonation process for so2 removal
US3954579A (en) * 1973-11-01 1976-05-04 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Electrolytic method for the simultaneous manufacture of concentrated and dilute aqueous hydroxide solutions
US3899403A (en) * 1973-11-01 1975-08-12 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Electrolytic method of making concentrated hydroxide solutions by sequential use of 3-compartment and 2-compartment electrolytic cells having separating compartment walls of particular cation-active permselective membranes
US3904495A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-09-09 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Electrolytic-electrodialytic and chemical manufacture of chlorine dioxide, chlorine and chloride-free alkali metal hydroxide
JPS551351B2 (en) * 1974-03-07 1980-01-12
US4040919A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-08-09 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Voltage reduction of membrane cell for the electrolysis of brine
US4036717A (en) * 1975-12-29 1977-07-19 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Method for concentration and purification of a cell liquor in an electrolytic cell
JPS5947037B2 (en) * 1976-10-22 1984-11-16 旭電化工業株式会社 Electrolysis method
US4268366A (en) * 1979-04-23 1981-05-19 Occidental Research Corporation Method of concentrating alkali hydroxide in three compartment hybrid cells
US4290864A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-09-22 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Chromic acid production process using a three-compartment cell
US4384937A (en) * 1979-05-29 1983-05-24 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Production of chromic acid in a three-compartment cell
US4273628A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-06-16 Diamond Shamrock Corp. Production of chromic acid using two-compartment and three-compartment cells
US4308123A (en) * 1979-11-30 1981-12-29 Hydro-Chlor International, Inc. Apparatus for the small-scale manufacture of chlorine and sodium hydroxide or sodium hypochlorite
US4861555A (en) * 1985-03-11 1989-08-29 Applied Automation, Inc. Apparatus for chromatographic analysis of ionic species
US5242552A (en) * 1990-03-21 1993-09-07 Eltech Systems Corporation System for electrolytically generating strong solutions by halogen oxyacids
US6375824B1 (en) 2001-01-16 2002-04-23 Airborne Industrial Minerals Inc. Process for producing potassium hydroxide and potassium sulfate from sodium sulfate
CN101981744A (en) * 2007-04-03 2011-02-23 新空能量公司 Electrochemical system, apparatus, and method to generate renewable hydrogen and sequester carbon dioxide
US7887694B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2011-02-15 Calera Corporation Methods of sequestering CO2
US20100313794A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2010-12-16 Constantz Brent R Production of carbonate-containing compositions from material comprising metal silicates
US20100239467A1 (en) 2008-06-17 2010-09-23 Brent Constantz Methods and systems for utilizing waste sources of metal oxides
JP5373079B2 (en) 2008-07-16 2013-12-18 カレラ コーポレイション Use of CO2 in electrochemical systems
TW201026597A (en) 2008-09-30 2010-07-16 Calera Corp CO2-sequestering formed building materials
US8869477B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2014-10-28 Calera Corporation Formed building materials
US7815880B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2010-10-19 Calera Corporation Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions
AU2009325880A1 (en) * 2008-12-09 2011-07-07 Hydrox Holdings Limited Method and apparatus for producing and separating combustible gasses
EP2245215A4 (en) 2009-02-10 2011-04-27 Calera Corp Low-voltage alkaline production using hydrogen and electrocatlytic electrodes
US8883104B2 (en) 2009-03-02 2014-11-11 Calera Corporation Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods
EP2625316A2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2013-08-14 Ceramatec, Inc Chemical systems and methods for operating an electrochemical cell with an acidic anolyte
WO2012129510A1 (en) 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 New Sky Energy, Inc. Sulfate-based electrolysis processing with flexible feed control, and use to capture carbon dioxide

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1235064A (en) * 1915-02-16 1917-07-31 Elektro Osmose Ag Electro-osmotic purification of gelatinous substances.
US1235063A (en) * 1915-02-16 1917-07-31 Elektro Osmose Ag Electro-osmotic process of treating liquid mixture.
US2198045A (en) * 1936-02-20 1940-04-23 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the electrolysis of sulphate solutions
US2794776A (en) * 1954-03-16 1957-06-04 Robert E Briggs Water purification process
US3017338A (en) * 1958-03-03 1962-01-16 Diamond Alkali Co Electrolytic process and apparatus
US3124520A (en) * 1959-09-28 1964-03-10 Electrode
US3084113A (en) * 1960-02-01 1963-04-02 Gen Electric Methods of and apparatus for demineralizing water
US3135673A (en) * 1961-05-05 1964-06-02 Ionics Process and apparatus for electrolyzing salt solutions
US3057794A (en) * 1961-10-10 1962-10-09 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Electrolytic cell diaphragm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3222267A (en) 1965-12-07
NL278049A (en)

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