GB918880A - Improvements in carbon products and in their production - Google Patents

Improvements in carbon products and in their production

Info

Publication number
GB918880A
GB918880A GB4394660A GB4394660A GB918880A GB 918880 A GB918880 A GB 918880A GB 4394660 A GB4394660 A GB 4394660A GB 4394660 A GB4394660 A GB 4394660A GB 918880 A GB918880 A GB 918880A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
graphite
explosive
tube
round
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB4394660A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Publication of GB918880A publication Critical patent/GB918880A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
    • C04B35/522—Graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
    • C07D303/48—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F22/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof
    • C08F22/30—Nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
    • C04B2235/787—Oriented grains
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

Compacted graphite having a density of at least 1,9 g/cc. and a relative crystallite alignment not exceeding 70% is produced by initiating a <PICT:0918880/III/1> <PICT:0918880/III/2> detonating explosive round a mass of graphite. In the Figures, 1 is a mass of graphite powder in a seamless steel tube 2 closed with stoppers 3, 4. 5 is a wrap of detonating explosive around tube 2, and 6 is a layer of detonating explosive around inert cone 7. 8 is an electric blasting cap. In Fig. 2, explosive 5 surrounds a retainer element, e.g. cardboard tube 10, maintaining an annulus of water 11 between tube 2 and explosive 5. One or more line wave generators 14 are attached to explosive 5 by taping around its periphery. The whole assembly may be submerged in water as shown. When blasting cap 8 is actuated, either explosive 6 or line wave generator 14 is initiated, which initiates explosive 5, the detonation then proceeding down the whole length of explosive 5. This constricts tube 2 and compresses the graphite. Explosives having detonation velocities of 4000 to 5000 metres per sec. are preferred, e.g. TNT, HMX, PETN, or nitroglycerine based explosives. In place of the annulus of water (Fig. 2), cardboard or foamed polystyrene may be used. To prevent the formation of cracks, the tube containing the compacted graphite may be heated to 400 DEG -500 DEG C. before removal. Graphite may be produced in the form of rods, slabs, sheets, or tubes. The tubes are made round a steel mandrel which is removed by hand, or round a low melting alloy mandrel which is removed by melting. Specifications 863,194, 876,951 and 878,196 are referred to.ALSO:Graphite articles having a density of at least 1,9 g/c.c. and a relative crystallite alignment not exceeding 70% are produced by initiating explosion in a detonating explosive surrounding a mass of graphite powder. The explosive surrounding the powder is preferably initiated at one end and substantially simultaneously at all points on the periphery of that end. For uniform compression the graphite may be enclosed in a steel tube. A liquid, e.g. water, may be interposed between the explosive and the tube containing the graphite, and the whole assembly may be submerged in water. Graphite articles may be obtained in the form of rods, slabs, sheets or tubes. The tubes are obtained by compressing the graphite round a steel mandrel which is removed by hand, or round a low melting alloy mandrel which is removed by melting. Specifications 863,194, 876,951 and 878,196 are referred to.
GB4394660A 1959-12-23 1960-12-21 Improvements in carbon products and in their production Expired GB918880A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86164959A 1959-12-23 1959-12-23
US6755960A 1960-11-07 1960-11-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB918880A true GB918880A (en) 1963-02-20

Family

ID=26748010

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB4394660A Expired GB918880A (en) 1959-12-23 1960-12-21 Improvements in carbon products and in their production

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB918880A (en)
NL (1) NL259428A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3248592A (en) * 1963-09-10 1966-04-26 Varian Associates Anisotropic arc-spark emission electrodes
US3307063A (en) * 1962-03-02 1967-02-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Grid electrode made of pyrolytic graphite
US4039145A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-08-02 Air-Industrie Electrostatic powdering nozzle
GB2170489A (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-08-06 Leslie James Mayne An apparatus for crystallising carbon

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3307063A (en) * 1962-03-02 1967-02-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Grid electrode made of pyrolytic graphite
US3248592A (en) * 1963-09-10 1966-04-26 Varian Associates Anisotropic arc-spark emission electrodes
US4039145A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-08-02 Air-Industrie Electrostatic powdering nozzle
GB2170489A (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-08-06 Leslie James Mayne An apparatus for crystallising carbon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL259428A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3552259A (en) Process and apparatus for preparing detonating and deflagrating fuse and product
US2171384A (en) Blasting assembly
GB967136A (en) Cermet materials
ES433103A1 (en) Thermal detonation energy-initiatable blasting caps, and detonation system and method
US3238074A (en) Extrudable explosive composition of semi-solid or thixotropic consistency containing flake aluminum
CN108917500B (en) Lead core type blasting element and basic detonator composed of same
GB918880A (en) Improvements in carbon products and in their production
US3023462A (en) Explosive compaction of powders
US3604353A (en) Cast booster assembly
US2075969A (en) Blasting explosive cartridge and borehole charge
US882154A (en) Fuse for mines.
US3604354A (en) Explosive booster for relatively insensitive explosives
US3132060A (en) Sensitized nitroparaffin
US3158098A (en) Low voltage detonator system
US2595960A (en) Explosive device
CHRISTOS et al. Combustion characteristics of condensed-phase hydrazine-type fuels with nitrogen tetroxide.
US1743739A (en) Blasting cartridge, percussion cap, detonator, detonating fuse, and the like
FR2202275A1 (en) Armour piercing shot - with core of high density sintered powder produced by explosive forming
US3568248A (en) Plug closure in a container for subjecting sample to shock wave
US3154013A (en) Sonic pulse generator
US3763291A (en) Methods of forming charges of solid fuels by hydraulic compression
US3059575A (en) Seismographic exploration
US2138581A (en) Primer for high explosives
US3327582A (en) Process and apparatus for preparing detonating and deflagrating fuse
GB1168947A (en) Method of and Apparatus for Reducing the Bubble Pulse from Underwater Explosions and Pressure Impulses