GB856884A - Improvements in the grafting of monomers to hydrogen-containing high-polymeric materials - Google Patents

Improvements in the grafting of monomers to hydrogen-containing high-polymeric materials

Info

Publication number
GB856884A
GB856884A GB28387/57A GB2838757A GB856884A GB 856884 A GB856884 A GB 856884A GB 28387/57 A GB28387/57 A GB 28387/57A GB 2838757 A GB2838757 A GB 2838757A GB 856884 A GB856884 A GB 856884A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
vinyl
ultra
violet light
polymeric
acrylamide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB28387/57A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB856884A publication Critical patent/GB856884A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
    • D06M14/18—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/123—Ultra-violet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
    • C08F291/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00 on to irradiated or oxidised macromolecules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/38—Treatment before imagewise removal, e.g. prebaking

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Graft polymers are made by irradiating a hydrogen containing high-molecular weight organic material with ultra violet light having a wavelength of between 170 and 300 millimicrons in the presence of an organic activator, which is capable of absorbing ultra-violet light with a quantum efficiency between 10-2 and unity, for a period of time sufficient to form freeradicals in the polymeric material and simultaneously or subsequently contacting the polymeric material with at least one ethylenically unsaturated organic monomer capable of polymerizing in the presence of free radicals, e.g. acrylonitrile, acrylamide, N-octyl acrylamide, methyl methacrylate, acrylic and methacrylic acids, styrene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl pyrrolidine and allyl alcohol. Specified polymeric materials are polypeptides (listed), paper, wood, regenerated cellulose, cellulose nitrate and acetate, natural rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acids, polyethylene terephthalate, nylons, polyethers, phenol-formaldehyde condensates, melamine condensates and urea-formaldehyde condensates. Activators specified are diphenylamine, benzyl disulphide, acetophenone, benzophenone, acetone, thiamine chloride, alkaline cystine and ninhydrin. The process may be applied to polymeric materials in the form of fibres, films, blocks, &c. whereby desirable surface characteristics may be imparted, e.g. dyeability, moisture affinity and resistance and adhesiveness. Alternatively the polymeric material may be in divided form or in solution or dispersion.ALSO:The tendency of a nylon fabric to accumulate electrostatic charges is reduced by irradiating the fabric, to which benzophenone has been added, with ultra-violet light, and then contacting the fabric with a mixture of vinyl pyridine and vinyl pyrrolidone to provide a graft polymeric coating.ALSO:Tubes, bottles, containers and other shaped objects made from high-polymeric organic materials e.g. polypeptide materials, cellulose and its derivatives, and synthetic resins, are coated by irradiating the object with ultra-violet light in the presence of an activator (see Group IV(a)) and simultaneously or subsequently contacting the irradiated object with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer e.g. acrylamide, acrylonitrile, styrene, methyl methacrylate, vinyl pyrroline, methacrylic acid, vinyl chloride and alkyl alcohol, which graft polymerizes on to the object. In Examples: (6) a slab of natural rubber is coated with an aqueous solution of acrylamide and then irradiated with ultra-violet light thereby producing a hydrophilic surface on the rubber; and (10) a block of wood is coated with N-octylacrylamide and then irradiated with ultra-violet light thereby rendering the surface of the block hydrophobic.
GB28387/57A 1956-09-21 1957-09-09 Improvements in the grafting of monomers to hydrogen-containing high-polymeric materials Expired GB856884A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US856884XA 1956-09-21 1956-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB856884A true GB856884A (en) 1960-12-21

Family

ID=22193291

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB28387/57A Expired GB856884A (en) 1956-09-21 1957-09-09 Improvements in the grafting of monomers to hydrogen-containing high-polymeric materials

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BE (1) BE560986A (en)
GB (1) GB856884A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2392411A1 (en) * 1977-05-23 1978-12-22 Asahi Chemical Ind METHOD FOR REMOVING THE SURFACE VISCOSITY OF A COMPOSITION OF FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZED RESIN AND HARDENED
EP0017032A2 (en) * 1979-03-12 1980-10-15 Western Electric Company, Incorporated Method of producing a solid state device by differential plasma etching of resists
EP0091651A2 (en) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-19 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Method for forming micropattern
EP0328655A1 (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-08-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Pattern-forming process utilizing radiation-induced graft polymerization reaction
US6225368B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2001-05-01 National Power Plc Water based grafting

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2392411A1 (en) * 1977-05-23 1978-12-22 Asahi Chemical Ind METHOD FOR REMOVING THE SURFACE VISCOSITY OF A COMPOSITION OF FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZED RESIN AND HARDENED
EP0017032A2 (en) * 1979-03-12 1980-10-15 Western Electric Company, Incorporated Method of producing a solid state device by differential plasma etching of resists
EP0017032B1 (en) * 1979-03-12 1984-02-15 Western Electric Company, Incorporated Method of producing a solid state device by differential plasma etching of resists
EP0091651A2 (en) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-19 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Method for forming micropattern
EP0091651A3 (en) * 1982-04-12 1984-10-17 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Public Corporation Method for forming micropattern
EP0328655A1 (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-08-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Pattern-forming process utilizing radiation-induced graft polymerization reaction
EP0328655A4 (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-11-27 Hitachi Ltd Pattern-forming process utilizing radiation-induced graft polymerization reaction.
US6225368B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2001-05-01 National Power Plc Water based grafting
US6387964B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2002-05-14 International Power Plc Water based grafting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE560986A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3115418A (en) Process of producing graft polymers and resultant graft polymer
GB795624A (en) Composite ion exchange resin bodies
ES2090319T3 (en) SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION OF A VINYL COMPOUND.
GB1180846A (en) Photopolymerisation of Ethylenically Unsaturated Organic Compounds
DK0821660T3 (en) Process for preserving a mineral mold body
GB856884A (en) Improvements in the grafting of monomers to hydrogen-containing high-polymeric materials
GB750923A (en) Process for grafting one polymer onto another polymer
GB1062325A (en) Improved process for polymerisation
GB883811A (en) Improvements relating to photopolymerization
GB901042A (en) Dye-receptive graft copolymers, method for preparing same and shaped articles fabricated therefrom
FR1246749A (en) Compositions containing copolymers, based on polyesters, grafted, having affinity for dyeing, process for their preparation and shaped articles made with these compositions
GB1121116A (en) Transparent graft interpolymers and their production
GB948696A (en) A process for the preparation of high molecular weight polymers or copolymers
GB805549A (en) Production and use of anti-static compositions
GB849122A (en) Improvements relating to ion-exchange resins and their manufacture
GB843190A (en) Products containing grafted polymers and process for their preparation
GB1080973A (en) Process for the preparation o fvinyl polymer impregnated nitrocellulose
GB816579A (en) Process for the polymerisation in suspension of vinyl monomers, using graft polymers as dispersing agents
GB963771A (en) Improvements in the production of grafted copolymers
GB847603A (en) Polymerisation process
GB1055242A (en) process for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated compounds
GB1565027A (en) Thermosettable resin moulding compound
GB933196A (en) A process for the production of insoluble resins which contain hydrazide groups
GB926477A (en) Improvements in or relating to organic polymeric materials
GB989911A (en) Polymerization process