GB786924A - Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation - Google Patents
Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiationInfo
- Publication number
- GB786924A GB786924A GB31486/55A GB3148655A GB786924A GB 786924 A GB786924 A GB 786924A GB 31486/55 A GB31486/55 A GB 31486/55A GB 3148655 A GB3148655 A GB 3148655A GB 786924 A GB786924 A GB 786924A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- silver
- bromide
- cadmium
- added
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title abstract 14
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title 1
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 8
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 5
- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Cd]Cl YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 3
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- KPWJBEFBFLRCLH-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cadmium bromide Inorganic materials Br[Cd]Br KPWJBEFBFLRCLH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001513 alkali metal bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- LHQLJMJLROMYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium acetate Chemical compound [Cd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LHQLJMJLROMYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloretic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/16—X-ray, infrared, or ultraviolet ray processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/167—X-ray
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
786,924. Photographic emulsions. GENERAL ANILINE & FILM CORPORATION. Nov. 3, 1955 [Nov. 24, 1954], No. 31486/55. Class 98(2) A photographic emulsion comprises silver bromide grains dispersed in a colloid carrier (e.g. gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, or a water-dispersible cellulose organic ester, polyamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, modified polyvinyl alcohol, or partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate), the grains containing from 0.001 to 0.2 mol per cent of cadmium based on the quantity of silver present in the emulsion. The emulsion has an increased sensitivity to X- and gamma-rays, but a reduced sensitivity to visible light. The cadmium ion can be introduced in the presence of a colloid carrier as a water soluble salt such as cadmium chloride or bromide mixed with alkali metal bromide solution to which is added the silver nitrate solution to precipitate the silver bromide. Alternatively, a non-halide water soluble cadmium salt such as the nitrate or acetate may be mixed with the silver nitrate. In Example 1, a solution of 74 grams of silver nitrate and 0.05 gram of cadmium nitrate in 400 ccs. of water at 68C. is slowly added with agitation to a solution, also at 68C. of 60 grams of potassium bromide and 6 grams of gelatine in 150 ccs. of water. 60 grams of gelatin are added and the mixture maintained at 68C. with agitation for 20 minutes. The chilled and shredded emulsion is washed until the bromide ion concentration is 100 mgms. per kilogram of liquid emulsion, the remelted emulsion is ripened for 20 minutes at 60C., saponin and formaldehyde are added, and the emulsion is coated on cellulose ester film. A metol-hydroquinone developer for this film is specified. In Example 2, polyvinyl alcohol is used as the emulsion binder and cadmium acetate is added to .the silver nitrate solution, the potassium nitrate formed on precipitation of the silver bromide being removed by dialysis. In Example 3, the purification by dialysis is replaced by precipitation with ammonium sulphate and washing. In Example 4, gelatin is used as the emulsion binder and cadmium chloride is added to the gelatin-potassium bromide solution. The silver bromide emulsion may be replaced by a silver bromiodide emulsion, but at least 90 per cent by weight of the silver halide should be silver bromide. The emulsion may contain sensitizing agents, and may contain a colour coupler and be processed by colour development. The saponin may be replaced by isopropylnaphthalesesulphonic acid.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US471106A US2950972A (en) | 1954-11-24 | 1954-11-24 | Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB786924A true GB786924A (en) | 1957-11-27 |
Family
ID=23870278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB31486/55A Expired GB786924A (en) | 1954-11-24 | 1955-11-03 | Photographic emulsions having increased sensitivity to x-ray and gamma ray radiation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2950972A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1022468B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB786924A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1125278B (en) * | 1958-05-26 | 1962-03-08 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Copy material |
| US3147117A (en) * | 1961-05-26 | 1964-09-01 | Horizons Inc | Process of forming print-out images from light sensitive organic amine compositions |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1564714A (en) * | 1968-02-22 | 1969-04-25 | ||
| JPS4894421A (en) * | 1972-03-14 | 1973-12-05 | ||
| US3854952A (en) * | 1973-09-19 | 1974-12-17 | Western Electric Co | Photosensitive silver halide composition |
| CA1120765A (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1982-03-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | High chloride silver halide emulsion internally doped with cadmium, lead, copper, zinc or mixtures thereof |
| US4269927A (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1981-05-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Internally doped surface sensitized high chloride silver halide emulsions and photograhic elements and processes for their preparation |
| US4661438A (en) | 1985-04-04 | 1987-04-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Quaternized tellurium salt fog inhibiting agents for silver halide photography |
| US4835093A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1989-05-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Internally doped silver halide emulsions |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB108193A (en) * | 1916-07-26 | 1917-07-26 | Edouard Blondel La Rougery | Improvements in or relating to Photography. |
| BE469014A (en) * | 1942-02-13 | |||
| BE463544A (en) * | 1944-02-03 | |||
| BE484329A (en) * | 1947-11-19 | |||
| BE490866A (en) * | 1948-08-31 | |||
| BE535054A (en) * | 1954-01-25 |
-
1954
- 1954-11-24 US US471106A patent/US2950972A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1955
- 1955-11-03 GB GB31486/55A patent/GB786924A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-11-22 DE DEG18427A patent/DE1022468B/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1125278B (en) * | 1958-05-26 | 1962-03-08 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Copy material |
| US3147117A (en) * | 1961-05-26 | 1964-09-01 | Horizons Inc | Process of forming print-out images from light sensitive organic amine compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1022468B (en) | 1958-01-09 |
| US2950972A (en) | 1960-08-30 |
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