GB751580A - Antifogging and hardening agents for photographic emulsions - Google Patents

Antifogging and hardening agents for photographic emulsions

Info

Publication number
GB751580A
GB751580A GB26845/54A GB2684554A GB751580A GB 751580 A GB751580 A GB 751580A GB 26845/54 A GB26845/54 A GB 26845/54A GB 2684554 A GB2684554 A GB 2684554A GB 751580 A GB751580 A GB 751580A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
acid
esters
ethylene oxide
iodomethyl
bis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB26845/54A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kodak Ltd
Original Assignee
Kodak Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kodak Ltd filed Critical Kodak Ltd
Publication of GB751580A publication Critical patent/GB751580A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/043—Polyalkylene oxides; Polyalkylene sulfides; Polyalkylene selenides; Polyalkylene tellurides

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

Polyethylene glycol monoesters of halogenated aliphatic acids are prepared by heating the acid with varying proportions of ethylene oxide, preferably in the presence of a boron trifluoride catalyst. Reference is made to the mono-esters from brom- and iodo-acetic acid having an average of 50 ethylene oxide units. It is stated that the bis-esters may be made by reacting the acid halide of a halogenated carboxylic acid with a polyethylene glycol having, for example, up to 200 ethylene oxide units. Alternatively they can be made by reacting the acid itself with the glycol in the presence of an esterification catalyst such as sulphuric acid or p-toluene sulphonic acid. Specification 235,211 [Class 2 (iii)], is referred to.ALSO:Esters of the formula <FORM:0751580/IV(a)/1> wherein R is a halogenated alkyl group and n is a positive integer are made by heating the halogenated aliphatic acid with varying proportions of ethylene oxide, preferably in the presence of a boron trifluoride catalyst. R may be chloromethyl, bromomethyl, iodomethyl, dichloromethyl, dibromomethyl, di-iodomethyl, trichloromethyl, tribromomethyl, tri-iodomethyl, a - chloroethyl, b - chloroethyl, a - bromoethyl, b -bromoethyl or b -iodoethyl. Mono-esters are specified wherein n is 3 or 6. Bis-esters of the formula <FORM:0751580/IV(a)/2> wherein R and n have the values above are made by reacting the acid halide of a halogenated carboxylic acid with an ethylene glycol, preferably in the presence of pyridine or quinoline. Alternatively, the acid itself can be heated with an ethylene glycol in the presence of an esterification catalyst such as sulphuric acid or p-toluene sulphonic acid. Bis-esters are specified wherein n is 1, 3, 5 or 9. Specification 235,211, [Class 2 (iii)], is referred to.
GB26845/54A 1953-09-16 1954-09-16 Antifogging and hardening agents for photographic emulsions Expired GB751580A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US751580XA 1953-09-16 1953-09-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB751580A true GB751580A (en) 1956-06-27

Family

ID=22123939

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB26845/54A Expired GB751580A (en) 1953-09-16 1954-09-16 Antifogging and hardening agents for photographic emulsions

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2732303A (en)
BE (1) BE531823A (en)
FR (1) FR1116147A (en)
GB (1) GB751580A (en)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2821545A (en) * 1956-07-02 1958-01-28 Dow Chemical Co Polyhydric alcohol esters of 2, 2-dichlorobutyric acid
US2821546A (en) * 1956-07-02 1958-01-28 Dow Chemical Co Polyhydric alcohol esters of 2, 2, 3-trichloropropionic acid
US3033680A (en) * 1958-01-13 1962-05-08 Eastman Kodak Co Plasticized gelating compositions
US3006760A (en) * 1958-10-23 1961-10-31 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photographic materials
DE1113807B (en) * 1959-03-07 1961-09-14 Wolfen Filmfab Veb Process for hardening, in particular photographic gelatin layers
GB982938A (en) * 1961-03-24 1965-02-10 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Improvements in or relating to the hardening of proteinaceous material
DE1211070B (en) * 1962-07-25 1966-02-17 Eastman Kodak Co Light-sensitive, photographic silver halide emulsion containing a hardener
US3241972A (en) * 1963-05-28 1966-03-22 Eastman Kodak Co Gelatin compositions
US3359111A (en) * 1965-08-27 1967-12-19 Eastman Kodak Co Hardening compositions with pyrazolone couplers
US3397144A (en) * 1967-03-21 1968-08-13 Nalco Chemical Co Control of micro-organisms in industrial process waters
JPS5833542B2 (en) * 1979-08-14 1983-07-20 コニカ株式会社 Gelatin hardening method
JPS59188641A (en) 1983-04-11 1984-10-26 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Silver halide photographic emulsion
US4948912A (en) * 1986-09-08 1990-08-14 Southwest Research Institute Alkylating agents and method of use thereof
US8513878B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2013-08-20 Fujifilm Corporation Spontaneous emission display, spontaneous emission display manufacturing method, transparent conductive film, electroluminescence device, solar cell transparent electrode, and electronic paper transparent electrode
JP2010256908A (en) 2010-05-07 2010-11-11 Fujifilm Corp Silver halide photographic photosensitive material for movie
EP2619628B1 (en) 2010-09-17 2014-03-26 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe BV Photographic paper and its use in a photo album
GB202006061D0 (en) 2020-04-24 2020-06-10 Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv Photographic paper

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2240475A (en) * 1940-03-02 1941-04-29 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic gelatin layer containing a polyglycerol monoester
US2356486A (en) * 1943-04-15 1944-08-22 Eastman Kodak Co Stain prevention in color photography
US2378203A (en) * 1944-01-13 1945-06-12 Eastman Kodak Co Ethyl trichloroacetate antifoggant
US2441389A (en) * 1946-12-12 1948-05-11 Du Pont Silver halide emulsions sensitized by mixtures of high polyalkylene glycols and low polyhydric alcohols

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1116147A (en) 1956-05-04
US2732303A (en) 1956-01-24
BE531823A (en)

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