GB683701A - An electric smelter for producing porcelain - Google Patents
An electric smelter for producing porcelainInfo
- Publication number
- GB683701A GB683701A GB3057049A GB3057049A GB683701A GB 683701 A GB683701 A GB 683701A GB 3057049 A GB3057049 A GB 3057049A GB 3057049 A GB3057049 A GB 3057049A GB 683701 A GB683701 A GB 683701A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- electrodes
- fining
- melting
- smelter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000037 vitreous enamel Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/26—Outlets, e.g. drains, siphons; Overflows, e.g. for supplying the float tank, tweels
- C03B5/262—Drains, i.e. means to dump glass melt or remove unwanted materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
- C03B5/03—Tank furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/04—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in tank furnaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
683,701. Electric furnace for porcelain enamel. THORNTON, A A. (Ferro Enamel Corporation). Nov. 29, 1949, No. 30570/49. Class 39(iii) [Also in Group XXIII] A smelter for the continuous production of porcelain enamel comprises separate melting and fining chambers 20, 21 connected by separate passages 29, 23 for the hot gases and molten material arranged respectively above and below the normal bath level, the material being heated by current passed therethrough between horizontal electrodes 24 in both chambers. One electrode is arranged on each of two opposite sides of the fining chamber, and two electrodes on two opposite sides of the melting chamber, the two electrodes on the same side of the melting chamber being of the same polarity. The raw material is pushed by a screw feeder 26 on to the top of material floating in the melting chamber 20 which is wider than the fining chamber and has a flue outlet 28. The electrodes 24 are rectangular plates of molybdenum, tungsten or nickel, are wholly submerged and have horizontal water-cooled supply conductors passing through the furnace wall. Hot gases flow from the fining chamber 21 through the passage 29 in a refractory bridge wall 22 into the melting chamber. The fining chamber is heated sufficiently to retain the enamel molten and has an overflow outlet- 27 and a spout 7 for draining the smelter at the end of an operation. The smelter is flooded with carbon dioxide during emptying to prevent oxidation of the electrodes. The porcelain comprises a sodium borosilicate glass matrix with a uniformly dispersed spacifier e.g. zirconium oxide and contains fluorine, very little of which is lost during smelting (see Group XXIII). Current supply to the melting and refining chambers is from separate power circuits, with transformers having variable voltage control through saturable core reactors comprising a series of A.C. windings on a core with D.C. windings, so that if the small D.C. current is increased the A.C. voltage to the load is increased. The output voltage is controlled by the bath temperature or by power input as indicated by a controlling pyrometer. The current to the fining chamber may be from a single phase transformer with variable voltage taps.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL686808021A NL151861B (en) | 1949-03-15 | PHASE DISCRIMINATOR. | |
| US91394A US2559683A (en) | 1949-03-15 | 1949-05-04 | Electric enamel furnace |
| GB3057049A GB683701A (en) | 1949-11-29 | 1949-11-29 | An electric smelter for producing porcelain |
| US183802A US2610217A (en) | 1949-03-15 | 1950-09-08 | Electric enamel furnace |
| DEF3270A DE832986C (en) | 1949-03-15 | 1950-09-23 | Method and device for the production of enamel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3057049A GB683701A (en) | 1949-11-29 | 1949-11-29 | An electric smelter for producing porcelain |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB683701A true GB683701A (en) | 1952-12-03 |
Family
ID=10309703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3057049A Expired GB683701A (en) | 1949-03-15 | 1949-11-29 | An electric smelter for producing porcelain |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB683701A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564121A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-11 | 张家港市宏基铝业有限公司 | Spinning furnace |
| CN110078356A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-02 | 郑州纬通电熔新材料科技有限公司 | The vertical glass-melting furnace of clean manufacturing based on electric energy |
-
1949
- 1949-11-29 GB GB3057049A patent/GB683701A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564121A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-11 | 张家港市宏基铝业有限公司 | Spinning furnace |
| CN102564121B (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-10-23 | 张家港市宏基铝业有限公司 | Spinning furnace |
| CN110078356A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-02 | 郑州纬通电熔新材料科技有限公司 | The vertical glass-melting furnace of clean manufacturing based on electric energy |
| CN110078356B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2024-01-12 | 郑州纬通电熔新材料科技有限公司 | Vertical glass melting furnace for clean production based on electric energy |
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