GB683121A - Improvements relating to the separation of component substances from mixtures thereof - Google Patents
Improvements relating to the separation of component substances from mixtures thereofInfo
- Publication number
- GB683121A GB683121A GB34537/47A GB3453747A GB683121A GB 683121 A GB683121 A GB 683121A GB 34537/47 A GB34537/47 A GB 34537/47A GB 3453747 A GB3453747 A GB 3453747A GB 683121 A GB683121 A GB 683121A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- withdrawn
- tube
- liquid
- capillaries
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/26—Fractionating columns in which vapour and liquid flow past each other, or in which the fluid is sprayed into the vapour, or in which a two-phase mixture is passed in one direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/26—Fractionating columns in which vapour and liquid flow past each other, or in which the fluid is sprayed into the vapour, or in which a two-phase mixture is passed in one direction
- B01D3/28—Fractionating columns with surface contact and vertical guides, e.g. film action
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
<PICT:0683121/III/1> <PICT:0683121/III/2> <PICT:0683121/III/3> Fractional distillation or chemical interchange reactions are carried out in a plurality of tubes or similar contacting-devices, wherein countercurrent flow of two different phases takes place, and each contact-device is provided with a throttling device through which one of the components of the mixture-being-treated, is withdrawn from the contacting-devices. Column-stills. Distilland is supplied via line 71, Fig. 2, to electric-still 72 which is connected to heat-insulated fractionating-column 70 surrounded by four separate heating-jackets 120 to 123; and the vapours enter tubes 5 through capillaries 83. The upper ends of tubes 75 are cooled, and reflux is formed therein, by cooling-space 17 which contains a boiling liquid. To improve "wetting" the insides of tubes 75 may be roughened, covered with fabric, or coated with waterglass. The "heads" are withdrawn from the tubes 75 through throttling-capillaries 29, and leave the column via take-off 15. The capillaries 29 ensure that the quantity of "heads" extracted from each tube 75 is the same despite slight variations in pressure from tube to tube. The reflux leaving the lower ends of tubes 75, passes through filling-material 107 and enters electric-reboiler 103 from which the "bottoms" are withdrawn via syphon 108 to receiver 111. Cooling-space 17 is connected to a re-cooler 19 wherein the vapours evolved from the liquid in space 17 are condensed; and the arrangement may be such that the descending liquid is heated nearly up to the boiling-point by the ascending vapour. In Fig. 3, the reflux flowing down the tubes 75 is re-evaporated, by means of hot vapours from boiler 136, in the lower ends of the tubes which are closed but provided with capillaries 127 from which part of the vapours is withdrawn as "bottoms." In Fig. 4, the vapours leave the upper ends of the tubes through branch-pipes 85. The majority of the mixed vapour withdrawn through pipe 87 is condensed in cooler 89; and part of the condensate is returned to the tubes through capillaries 86, while the remainder, together with the uncondensed vapour, is withdrawn through one or other of pipes 92 to 94, depending on the reflux ratio to be maintained. Vertical or parallel plates, fitted with horizontal cooling channels, may be used as contact devices instead of tubes 75; capillary tubes being the means of entry and exit to and fro the spaces between the plates. In an example, benzene was separated from a mixture containing 10 mol per cent benzene, the remainder being toluene, by fractionation at a pressure of 350 mm. Methyl acetate was used as cooling-liquid; and a reflux ratio of 18 : 1 was employed. The overhead, which comprised 99 mol per cent benzene, was takenoff at the rate of 1,000 c.c. per hour. Another example relates to the separation of benzene and carbon tetrachloride. Chemical interchange reactions. In an example, a concentrated solution of ammonium chloride is run down a plurality of vertical tubes; and caustic soda solution is introduced near the foot of each tube, thereby liberating gaseous ammonia which rises through the tubes in countercurrent to the downflowing ammonium chloride. There occurs an increase of concentration of the N15 isotope in the lower part of the tubes. A capillary outlet for NH3 enriched in N15 is provided in each tube just above the NaOH inlet, while NH3 containing predominantly the N14 isotope is withdrawn from the tops of the tubes.ALSO:A dissolved material is extracted from a liquid into another liquid, by flowing the two liquids countercurrent to each other through a plurality of tubes or similar contacting-devices e.g. parallel plates, each contact-device being provided with a throttling-device such as a capillary tube, through which one of the liquids is withdrawn from the contact-devices. The detailed examples and the drawings of the specification relate to apparatus for fractional distillation.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH683121X | 1946-12-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB683121A true GB683121A (en) | 1952-11-26 |
Family
ID=4528636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB34537/47A Expired GB683121A (en) | 1946-12-30 | 1947-12-29 | Improvements relating to the separation of component substances from mixtures thereof |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE478961A (en) |
| CH (2) | CH263269A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE967480C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR978542A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB683121A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL74169C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104645664A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2015-05-27 | 柳州蓓蒂芬科技有限公司 | Continuous countercurrent differential extraction method and continuous countercurrent differential extraction device |
| US10295447B2 (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2019-05-21 | Cem Corporation | Rapid energized dispersive solid phase extraction (SPE) for analytical analysis |
| US10330573B2 (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2019-06-25 | Cem Corporation | Rapid sample preparation for analytical analysis using dispersive energized extraction |
| CN113797578A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rectification equipment and method for separating azeotropic mixed solution |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH369746A (en) * | 1959-09-03 | 1963-06-15 | Sulzer Ag | Mass transfer column |
| JP2528854B2 (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1996-08-28 | 多摩化学工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing high-purity chemicals |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE58037C (en) * | W. GREINER in Braunschweig | Evaporator | ||
| DE53043C (en) * | 1889-08-23 | 1890-08-09 | J. SCHWAGER in Berlin S.W., Luckenwalderstr. 7 | Surface evaporator |
| DE65062C (en) * | 1891-12-01 | 1892-10-20 | H. JACOB in Cönnern a. S | Evaporator |
| DE76384C (en) * | 1893-06-27 | 1894-07-27 | E.. fjDJÄSeoBJÄ ii Bi-isJU.'!., T&üiiaaskt. $> | Procedure for Centrifugal Beriese-W <g |
| DE384216C (en) * | 1920-09-24 | 1923-10-26 | Metallbank & Metallurg Ges Ag | Tube evaporator with internal sprinkling from the liquid to be evaporated |
| DE571586C (en) * | 1930-04-01 | 1933-03-02 | Bamag Meguin Ag | Process for the evaporation of low-boiling liquids |
| DE699767C (en) * | 1934-12-23 | 1940-12-05 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Rectification plant |
| DE645545C (en) * | 1934-12-23 | 1937-05-28 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Rectification apparatus |
| DE728878C (en) * | 1941-06-07 | 1942-12-04 | Rheinmetall Borsig Ag | Evaporator, especially for refrigeration systems |
-
0
- BE BE478961D patent/BE478961A/xx unknown
- FR FR978542D patent/FR978542A/fr not_active Expired
- NL NL74169D patent/NL74169C/xx active
-
1946
- 1946-12-30 CH CH263269D patent/CH263269A/en unknown
-
1947
- 1947-12-15 CH CH269497D patent/CH269497A/en unknown
- 1947-12-29 GB GB34537/47A patent/GB683121A/en not_active Expired
-
1949
- 1949-01-01 DE DEP29158D patent/DE967480C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104645664A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2015-05-27 | 柳州蓓蒂芬科技有限公司 | Continuous countercurrent differential extraction method and continuous countercurrent differential extraction device |
| US10295447B2 (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2019-05-21 | Cem Corporation | Rapid energized dispersive solid phase extraction (SPE) for analytical analysis |
| US10330573B2 (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2019-06-25 | Cem Corporation | Rapid sample preparation for analytical analysis using dispersive energized extraction |
| US10677696B2 (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2020-06-09 | Cem Corporation | Rapid sample preparation for analytical analysis using dispersive energized extraction |
| CN113797578A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rectification equipment and method for separating azeotropic mixed solution |
| CN113797578B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-03-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rectification equipment and method for separating azeotropic mixed solution |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR978542A (en) | 1950-04-16 |
| DE967480C (en) | 1957-12-19 |
| CH269497A (en) | 1950-07-15 |
| CH263269A (en) | 1949-08-31 |
| BE478961A (en) | |
| NL74169C (en) |
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