GB679194A - Process for the conversion of liquid hydrocarbons into olefin-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbons - Google Patents
Process for the conversion of liquid hydrocarbons into olefin-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbonsInfo
- Publication number
- GB679194A GB679194A GB19653/49A GB1965349A GB679194A GB 679194 A GB679194 A GB 679194A GB 19653/49 A GB19653/49 A GB 19653/49A GB 1965349 A GB1965349 A GB 1965349A GB 679194 A GB679194 A GB 679194A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- packed
- vapour
- liquid
- inches
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
- B01J8/062—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes being installed in a furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C1/00—Working-up tar
- C10C1/20—Refining by chemical means inorganic or organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/10—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with stationary catalyst bed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Liquid non-aromatic hydrocarbons boiling between 50 DEG and 400 DEG C. are converted into olefine-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbons, by vaporizing the liquid and passing the vapours, mixed with steam or carbon dioxide, through a reactor comprising a cracking zone packed with a non-metallic refractory material, followed by a non-packed aromatization zone. The temperature in the reactor is maintained between 600 DEG and 850 DEG C., the pressure between atmospheric and 10 atm. (gauge), and the space-velocity between 0.05 and 2.0 litres (liquid hydrocarbon) per hour per litre volume of the reactor. The packing material may be ceramic (e.g. hard porcelain). Petroleum distillates boiling between 90 DEG and 300 DEG C. form suitable starting materials, also the liquid products of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. In an example, a kerosene of Middle East origin was emulsified with 0.6 per cent by volume of water, and the mixture was supplied to a vaporizer to produce vapour at 500 DEG C. The vapour was passed through a cracking tube (20 feet long and 3 inches internal diameter) packed with pieces ( 1/2 X 3/4 inches) of broken-up high-tension insulators. The vapour was then passed through a non-packed aromatization tube (4 feet 6 inches long and 9 inches internal diameter). The temperature, pressure, and space-velocity in the reactor were 690 DEG C., 60 p.s.i.g., and 0.93 respectively. The products leaving the aromatization tube were quenched and passed through a heated tar pot to a condenser, and then to a receiver in which the liquids were separated from the gases. The gases contained high percentages of ethylene and propylene; while the liquid products (which comprised 48.6 per cent by weight of the charge) contained high percentages of benzene, toluene, xylene and naphthalene. In another example, kerosene was vaporized (without addition of water); and carbon dioxide (1 per cent) was injected into the vapour, before it was introduced into the reactor. The process may be carried out in the apparatus described in Specification 650,487. Specifications 552,216, 574,973, 575,383, 575,766, 575,771 and 650,485 also are referred to.ALSO:Liquid non-aromatic hydrocarbons boiling between 50 DEG and 400 DEG C are converted into olefine-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbons by vaporizing the liquid and passing the vapours, mixed with steam or carbon dioxide, through a reactor comprising a cracking zone packed with a non-metallic refractory material, followed by a non-packed aromatization zone. The temperature in the reactor is maintained between 600 DEG and 850 DEG C, the pressure between atmospheric and 10 atm. (gauge), and the space-velocity between 0.05 and 2.0 litres (liquid hydrocarbon) per hour per litre volume of the reactor. The process enables prolonged runs e.g. 400 hours, to be carried out before it becomes necessary to shut down to burn off the carbon deposited in the reactor. The packing material is preferably in the form of lumps, balls, or rings made of hard porcelain, stoneware, quartz, fused silica, or carborundum. Petroleum distillates boiling between 90 DEG and 300 DEG C form suitable starting-materials, also the liquid products of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. In an example, a kerosene (B.R. 175 DEG to 265 DEG C) of Middle East origin was emulsified with 0.6 per cent by volume of water, and the mixture was supplied to a vaporizer to produce vapour at 500 DEG C. The vapour was passed through a cracking tube (20 feet long and 3 inches internal diameter) packed with pieces ( 1/2 X 3/4 inches) of broken-up high-tension insulators, the volume of free space being about 50 per cent of the total volume of the cracking tube. The vapour was then passed through a non-packed aromatization tube (4 feet 6 inches long and 9 inches internal diameter). The temperature, pressure, and space-velocity in the reactor were 690 DEG C, 60 p.s.i.g., and 0.93 respectively. The products leaving the aromatization tube were quenched and passed through a heated tar pot to a condenser, and then to a receiver in which the liquids were separated from the gases. The gases (which comprised 50.4 per cent by weight of the charge) contained high percentages of ethylene and propylene, while the liquid products contained high percentages of benzene, toluene, xylene and naphthalene. In another example, kerosene was vaporized (without addition of water); and carbon dioxide (1 per cent) was injected into the vapour, before it was introduced into the reactor. The process may be carried out in the apparatus described in U.S.A. Specification 1,650,487. Specifications 552,216, 574,973, [both in Group IV], 575,383, 575,766, 575,771, [both in Group IV], and 650,485 also are referred to
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE497121D BE497121A (en) | 1949-07-26 | ||
GB19653/49A GB679194A (en) | 1949-07-26 | 1949-07-26 | Process for the conversion of liquid hydrocarbons into olefin-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbons |
FR1026767D FR1026767A (en) | 1949-07-26 | 1950-07-10 | Improvements in the conversion of liquid hydrocarbons |
ES0193894A ES193894A1 (en) | 1949-07-26 | 1950-07-13 | PROCEDURE FOR THE CONVERSION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS IN AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND GASES CONTAINING OLEFINS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB19653/49A GB679194A (en) | 1949-07-26 | 1949-07-26 | Process for the conversion of liquid hydrocarbons into olefin-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbons |
GB1026767X | 1949-07-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB679194A true GB679194A (en) | 1952-09-17 |
Family
ID=26254165
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB19653/49A Expired GB679194A (en) | 1949-07-26 | 1949-07-26 | Process for the conversion of liquid hydrocarbons into olefin-containing gases and aromatic hydrocarbons |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR1026767A (en) |
GB (1) | GB679194A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5120892A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-06-09 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method and apparatus for pyrolytically cracking hydrocarbons |
-
1949
- 1949-07-26 GB GB19653/49A patent/GB679194A/en not_active Expired
-
1950
- 1950-07-10 FR FR1026767D patent/FR1026767A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5120892A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-06-09 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method and apparatus for pyrolytically cracking hydrocarbons |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1026767A (en) | 1953-05-04 |
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