GB522650A - Improvements in and relating to photographic elements - Google Patents

Abstract

522,650. Photographic material. KODAK, Ltd. (Eastman Kodak Co.). Dec. 17, 1938, No. 36795. [Class 98 (ii)] [Also in Group IV] Photographic material comprises a support carrying at least two gelatine layers at least one of which contains as a spreading agent either (a) a monoester formed from an aliphatic polydroxy alcohol containing fewer than six hydroxyl groups and a higher aliphetic monobasic acid containing from eight to fifteen carbon atoms, or (b) a monoether formed from an aliphatic polyhydroxy alcohol containing fewer than six hydroxyl groups and a higher aliphatic alcohol containing from eight to fifteen carbon atoms or (c) an ester formed from an aliphatic monobasic hydroxy acid and a higher aliphatic alcohol containing from eight to fifteen carbon atoms. The polyhydroxy alcohol of (a) may be glycerol, glycol, or glucose and the fatty acid capric, undecylic, lauric, or myristic acid. The monobasic hydroxy acid of (c) may be glycollic, lactic, hydracrylic, or glyceric acid, and the fatty alcohol decyl, undecyl, lauryl, or capryl alcohol. Examples of (a) are glycol monolaurate, glycerol monocaprate, glycerol monoundecylate, glycerol monolaurate, glycerol monomyristate, and glucose monolaurate. An example of (b) is alpha glycerol monolauryl ether. Examples of (c) are decyl glycollate, lauryl glycollate, undecyl glycerate, and capryl glycerate. The gelatine layers may be either plain or dyed gelatine or silver halide emulsion. The spreading agents may be added to the gelatine in ethyl alcohol solution. In an example an ethyl alcohol solution of glycerol monolaurate is added to a gelatine silver bromide emulsion is applied to a hydrolyzed cellulose acetate support which has been previously coated with a substratum layer of cellulose nitrate and gelatine. Glycerol monolaurate is prepared by the reaction of lauric acid and glycerol in the presence of phenol at 180‹C. Alpha glycerol monolauryl ether is prepared by the reaction of sodium laurylate, formed from laurylalcohol and metallic sodium, and alpha glycerol monochlorohydrin. Monoethers derived from an aliphatic polyhydroxy alcohol containing fewer than six hydroxyl groups and a higher aliphatic alcohol containing from eight to fifteen carbon atoms are prepared either by the reaction of the sodium salt of the higher aliphatic alcohol with a chloroalcohol or by the reaction of a monosodium salt of the polyhydroxy alcohol with a chlorohydrocarbon.