US2126349A - Photographic developing and fixing solution - Google Patents
Photographic developing and fixing solution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2126349A US2126349A US84873A US8487336A US2126349A US 2126349 A US2126349 A US 2126349A US 84873 A US84873 A US 84873A US 8487336 A US8487336 A US 8487336A US 2126349 A US2126349 A US 2126349A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- fixing
- developing
- photographic
- silver salt
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
Definitions
- This object is accomplished by incorporating in the developing or fixing solution a swelling agent for the hydrolyzed cellulose ester.
- swelling agents that I have found suitable for use in the developer are acetone, methyl Cellosolve (methoxy ethanol), ethyl lactate and ethyl carbamate. potassium thiocyanate is satisfactory.
- the solutions used according to my invention are of value in treating hydrolyzed cellulose ester layers of about 26% to about 33% acyl. Where the cellulose ester has been hydrolyzed to an acyl content of less than about 26%, the layer is sulflciently water-permeable to permit processing without the use of swelling agents in the processing baths. Where the cellulose ester has been hydrolyzed to a less degree and the acyl content is above about 33%, the ester is not permeable to water even in the presence of the swelling agents referred to and for that reason would not be satisfactory as a carrier for the sensitive silver salt.
- the limits of acyl contents stated are, however, approximate and not critical limits.
- the photographic layer will contain originally a sensitive silver salt, such as silver halide which after exposure and development results in the reduction or the exposed silver halide to metallic silver, leaving silver halide in the layer at the points 01 unexposure.
- a sensitive silver salt such as silver halide which after exposure and development results in the reduction or the exposed silver halide to metallic silver, leaving silver halide in the layer at the points 01 unexposure.
- This silver halide is removed in the fixing solution in a manner well understood to those skilled in the art.
- the method of treating an exposed photographic element which comprises immersing the element including a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt, 40 in a processing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester. 7
- the method oi treating air/exposed photographic element which comprises immersing the element including a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose acetate of about 26% to about 33% acetyl content containing a silver salt, in a processing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
- the method oi developing an exposed photographic layer which comprises immersing a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose acetate 01 about 28% to about 83% acetyl content containing a sensitive silver salt, in a developing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
- the method oi fixing a photographic image which comprises immersing a layer 01 hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt and a developed image, in a fixing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
- the method of developing an image in a photographic layer of hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt which comprises immersing said layer after exposure in a developer solution containing ethyl carbamate.
- the method 0! developing an image in a photographic layer 0! hydrolyzed cellulose acetate 01' about 26% to about 33% acetyl content containing a silver salt, which comprises immersing said layer after exposure in a developer solution containing ethyl carbamate.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 9, 1938 PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVELOPING AND FIXING- SOLUTION Martti Sale, Rochester, N. W" asslgnor, by memo assignments, to Eastman Kodak Company, Jersey City, N. 1., a corporation of New Jersey No mrawing. Application .iune 112, 1936, Serial No. 84.873
10 Claims.
This invention relates to processing solutions 'for photographic layers oi cellulose esters containing silver salts in the body of the layer.
In my prior application, Serial No. 74,815, filed April 16, 1936, I described photographic layers consisting of hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid esters, such as cellulose acetate, of 19 to 33% acyl content containing a sensitive silver salt. These layers are treated in the usual way to form an image by exposure, development, and fixing. I have found that while the hydrolyzed esters of from 19 to 26% acyl content are sufficiently water-permeable to enable the development and fixing actions to occur in about the same time required with gelatin emulsions, where an ester containing more than 26% acyl is used as the carrier for the sensitive silver salt, the processing solution, such as the developing and fixing solutions do not penetrate the cellulose ester layer as rapidly as is desired.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a developing or fixing solution which permits the dissolved developing or fixing salts to readily penetrate a hydrolyzed cellulose ester layer having an acyl content of about 26 to 33%.
This object is accomplished by incorporating in the developing or fixing solution a swelling agent for the hydrolyzed cellulose ester.
Among the swelling agents that I have found suitable for use in the developer are acetone, methyl Cellosolve (methoxy ethanol), ethyl lactate and ethyl carbamate. potassium thiocyanate is satisfactory.
In the fixing bath The following are specific examples of developing and fixing baths compounded according to my invention, it being understood that they are for the purposes of illustration only.
EXAMPLE ll Developing solution Para -methyl -amlno-phenolsulfate grams Sodium sulfite -do Hydroquinone do.. Sodium carbamate--. do.. Potassium bromide do- Ethyl carbamate do Water to .4205...
(ill. 9)
lllxnnrm: ll
Fixing solution Sodium thlosullate grams 10 Potassium thlocyanate do 5 Water to new" so 5 The solutions used according to my invention are of value in treating hydrolyzed cellulose ester layers of about 26% to about 33% acyl. Where the cellulose ester has been hydrolyzed to an acyl content of less than about 26%, the layer is sulflciently water-permeable to permit processing without the use of swelling agents in the processing baths. Where the cellulose ester has been hydrolyzed to a less degree and the acyl content is above about 33%, the ester is not permeable to water even in the presence of the swelling agents referred to and for that reason would not be satisfactory as a carrier for the sensitive silver salt. The limits of acyl contents stated are, however, approximate and not critical limits.
In processing a hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic acid ester, the photographic layer will contain originally a sensitive silver salt, such as silver halide which after exposure and development results in the reduction or the exposed silver halide to metallic silver, leaving silver halide in the layer at the points 01 unexposure. This silver halide is removed in the fixing solution in a manner well understood to those skilled in the art.
My invention may be used in other ways not herein specifically mentioned and it is to be understood that it is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
What ll claim is:
l. The method of treating an exposed photographic element which comprises immersing the element including a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt, 40 in a processing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester. 7
2. The method oi treating air/exposed photographic element which comprises immersing the element including a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose acetate of about 26% to about 33% acetyl content containing a silver salt, in a processing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
3. The method of developing an exposed photographic layer which conprises immersing a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a sensitive silver salt, in a developing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
4. The method oi developing an exposed photographic layer which comprises immersing a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose acetate 01 about 28% to about 83% acetyl content containing a sensitive silver salt, in a developing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
5. The method oi fixing a photographic image which comprises immersing a layer 01 hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt and a developed image, in a fixing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
6. The method of fixing a photographic image which comprises immersing a layer of hydrolyzed cellulose acetate of about 26% to about 33% acetyl content containing a silver salt and a developed image, in a fixing solution containing an organic swelling agent for the cellulose ester.
'7. The method of developing an image in a photographic layer of hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt, which comprises immersing said layer after exposure in a developer solution containing ethyl carbamate. A
8. The method 0! developing an image in a photographic layer 0! hydrolyzed cellulose acetate 01' about 26% to about 33% acetyl content containing a silver salt, which comprises immersing said layer after exposure in a developer solution containing ethyl carbamate.
9. The method of fixing an image in a photographic layer oi' hydrolyzed cellulose monobasic organic acid ester of about 26% to about 33% acyl content containing a silver salt and a developed image, which comprises immersing said layer in a fixing solution containing potassium thiocyanate.
10. The method of fixing an image in a photographic layer of hydrolyzed cellulose acetate 0! about 26% to about 33% acetyl content containing a silver salt and a developed image, which comprises immersing said layer in a fixing solution containing potassium thlocyanate.
' MAR'I'I'I SALO.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84873A US2126349A (en) | 1936-06-12 | 1936-06-12 | Photographic developing and fixing solution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84873A US2126349A (en) | 1936-06-12 | 1936-06-12 | Photographic developing and fixing solution |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2126349A true US2126349A (en) | 1938-08-09 |
Family
ID=22187745
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84873A Expired - Lifetime US2126349A (en) | 1936-06-12 | 1936-06-12 | Photographic developing and fixing solution |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2126349A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3132943A (en) * | 1959-11-12 | 1964-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Co | Rapid processing of photographic materials including the use of phosphate ions as anti-staining agents |
| US3345174A (en) * | 1965-08-02 | 1967-10-03 | Charles R Dotson | Rapid access photographic process |
-
1936
- 1936-06-12 US US84873A patent/US2126349A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3132943A (en) * | 1959-11-12 | 1964-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Co | Rapid processing of photographic materials including the use of phosphate ions as anti-staining agents |
| US3345174A (en) * | 1965-08-02 | 1967-10-03 | Charles R Dotson | Rapid access photographic process |
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