GB321762A - Improvements in or relating to the production of artificial filaments, yarns or threads - Google Patents

Abstract

321,762. British Celanese, Ltd., Dreyfus, H., Dickie, W. A., and Taylor, W. I. Sept. 13, 1928. Rollers and roller heads; skein holders and swifts.-Filaments or threads of artificial silk or the like are given a more or less frequent, regular or systematic variation in denier by drawing them at a varying linear speed in the course of their production. To this end, the filaments or threads may be caused to engage (1) a roller of circular or non-circular cross-section rotating at a varying speed and/or eccentrically mounted, and/or moved bodily to and fro while rotating, or (2) a roller of varying diameter, e.g., a truncated conical roller, which is moved across the path of the filaments or along which the filaments are traversed, or (3) members such as bars or rollers, driven or idle, which are moved across the path of the filaments so as to lengthen periodically the path followed by the filaments to a winding or twisting and winding device. When apparatus as under (1) or (2) is used, the filaments may be collected on the roller or may pass therefrom to a winding or twisting and winding device. In Fig. 2, the filaments 5 from a dry-spinning cell 6 pass round a roller 11 which is rotated by a pulley 18 connected by a belt 19 to a belt-driven pulley 20 freely mounted on a shaft 14; the roller 11 is also oscillated by mecha.nism comprising an eccentric rod 16 and an arm 13 which is mounted on the shaft 12 of the roller 11 and pivoted on the shaft 14. The eccentric 17 may be driven at a varying speed. In order to confine the varying drawing action to a determined length of filament, the cell 6 is fitted with a roller 23 driven at a rate equal to or greater than the rate of extrusion of the filaments. In Fig. 4, the filaments 5 pass round a conical roller 25 and are traversed along the roller by a guide 27 carried on a bar 28; the bar 28 is reciprocated by a crank disc 29 carrying a pin 30 which engages a fork 31 on the bar. In Fig. 6, the filaments 33 pass from a cell 34 to a device comprising an arm 35 which is mounted on a shaft 36 and is oscillated by an eccentric rod 39 and an arm 40. The arm 35 carries two bars 37, projecting parallel to the shaft 36 and disposed one on each side of the shaft, and the arrangement is such that the filaments pass over one bar 37 and then under the other bar before reaching a feed roller 44, the oscillation of the arm 35 causing a varying pull to be imparted to the filaments. Holes 42, 43 permit the action to be adjusted. Figs. 8 and 9 show a varying-draw de vice on which the filaments may also be wound. The device comprises two flanges 45 connected by a hub 46 which is mounted on a shaft 47. Each flange is formed with slots 48 in which rods 49 extending from flange to flange can be secured. By suitably positioning the rods, a variety of varying-draw surfaces can be constructed; thus, in Fig. 8, four of the rods are operative so that the filaments 51 form a square. In Fig. 10 (not shown) only two diametrically opposite rods are operative, and the filaments are collected thereon to form a hank. A number of similar varying-draw devices may be arranged to operate in unison on the filaments produced from a number of threads or nozzles. The process is applicable to filaments or threads produced by dry or wet spinning, and the initial material may be cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose, viscose, nitrocellulose, or an ammoniacal-copper solution of cellulose. One of the Provisional Specifications refers to the use of pattern mechanism for controlling the drive of the varying-draw devices, and refers also to Specifications 198,023; 203,092, 293,325, 300,998, and 304,674, [all in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.].