GB2514996A - Couplings and valves - Google Patents
Couplings and valves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2514996A GB2514996A GB1306545.3A GB201306545A GB2514996A GB 2514996 A GB2514996 A GB 2514996A GB 201306545 A GB201306545 A GB 201306545A GB 2514996 A GB2514996 A GB 2514996A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- coupling
- release
- movement
- valve member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims description 219
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 219
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 219
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 230
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 aromatics Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013056 hazardous product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
- F16L55/1015—Couplings closed automatically when disengaging force exceeds preselected value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L37/00—Couplings of the quick-acting type
- F16L37/28—Couplings of the quick-acting type with fluid cut-off means
- F16L37/30—Couplings of the quick-acting type with fluid cut-off means with fluid cut-off means in each of two pipe-end fittings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
- F16L55/1007—Couplings closed automatically when broken
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
- F16L55/1022—Fluid cut-off devices automatically actuated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Abstract
A valve is provided for use in a fluid flow line with first and second parts connectable to define a fluid flow path through the valve. A first valve member is operable in the first part and a second valve member is operable in the second part, and the valve members are arranged for movement between an open position and a closed position for shutting off fluid flow. The valve includes a closure mechanism for activating movement of the valve members from the open position to the closed position, and a separation mechanism for allowing the first and second parts of the valve to separate from one another. The valve has a fluid transfer mode of operation and a separation mode of operation. In the fluid transfer mode of operation, the first and second parts of the valve are connected together, the first and second valve members are in an open position and fluid can flow along the flow path through the valve. In the separation mode of operation, the separation mechanism is operable to separate the first and second parts of the valve, after operation of the closure mechanism.
Description
Couplings and valves
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a coupling and/or a valve.
BACKGROUND OF TUE INVENTION
Breakaway couplings are used in a variety of applications in flow lines carrying hazardous liquids and gases. Such coupfings are typically used in liquid transfer between terminals and road tankers, rail tankers and ships or other water-borne storage vessels. They may also be used in ship-to-ship transfer, as well as transfer from a supply vessel to a drilling platform/rigs or other off-shore apphcations.
In a known example. the breakaway coupling is located between terminal pipe-work and a flexible hose. The coupling has a first part connectaNe to the terminal and a second part connectable to the hose. When the two parts are united, fluid is able to transfer between the termina' and the hose, via the coupling.
Each of the two parts of the coupling includes a valve member movable from an open position to a closed position, for shutting off the flow of fluid through said part.
Hence, the coupling also serves as a flow cut-off valve.
The two parts of the coupling are designed to decouple from one another under certain circumstances, e.g. if the hose is brought under excessive tension. The valve members are arranged to move to their closed position if the two parts decouple, thereby preventing substantial fluid leakage through either part of the coupling. This is particularly important when handling hazardous product, such as LPG Propane.
Butane, DME, Acids, Ethanol, Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, Methanol, Chlorine, Liquid Oxygen, Liquid Nitrogen, or VCM.
The two parts of the known breakaway coupling are connected together using break away' boils. In the event the breakaway coupling becomes tensioned, the tensioning force is transmitted to the bolts. Above a predetermined level, the bolts will fracture
I
causing the two parts of the coupling to separate. As the two parts separate, the valve members shut-off the flow, thereby avoiding substantial product loss.
Particularly, but not exclusively, in the case of hazardous product, losses need to be minimised. Also, in high pressure systems, there is a need to minimise the impact of pressure spikes that might arise during flow shut-off conditions.
Hence, the present invention seeks to provide improvements to address one or more
problems or disadvantages of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a valve for use in a fluid flow line, wherein the valve has first and second parts connectable to define a fluid flow path through the valve (e.g. for connection in series in a fluid flow line), wherein a first valve member is operable in the first part and a second valve member is operable in the second part, and said valve members are arranged for movement between an open position and a closed position for shutting off fluid flow, wherein the valve includes a closure mechanism for activating movement of the valve members from the open position to the closed position, and a separation mechanism for allowing the first and second parts of the valve to separate from one another, wherein the valve has a fluid transfer mode of operation and a separation mode of operation, wherein in the fluid transfer mode of operation the first and second parts of the valve are connected together, the first and second valve members are in an open position and fluid can flow along the flow path through the valve, and wherein in the separation mode of operation, the separation mechanism is operable to separate the first and second parts of the valve after operation of the closure mechanism.
Advantageously, activating the closure mechanism prior to separation of two parts of the valve can assist in minimising product loss. This is particularly important if the fluid in the flow line is a hazardous product. It may also reduce the magnitude of pressure spikes generated within the flow line as a result of the separation of the valve.
This is particularly important in high pressure flow systems.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve members seal against fluid flow in their closed position. In exemplary embodiments, the first and second valve parts cannot separate until after the vahe members have reached their closed position.
Advantageously, sealing the two valve parts before separating the valve parts significantly reduces the amount of fluid leakage from the coupling during separation.
This is of particular importance when handling cryogenic product, for example.
In exemplary embodiments, there is provided a separable connector configured to hold the two valve parts in communication with one another in the fluid transfer mode of operation and to allow the two parts of the vahe to separate under operation of the separation mechanism.
The closure mechanism and the separation mechanism may be configured with separate actuators, so as to be independently operable. Independent operability of the closure mechanism and separation mechanism means that the time between activation of valve members and separation of the two valve parts can be selected to suit a given application.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve comprises an actuator for actuating the closure mechanism. The actuator may form part of a mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical control system. For example. an electrical system may comprise a laser that tracks a position of the valve or parts of the flow line to which the valve is connected, and actuates the closure mechanism if movement is detected above a predetermined amount. In exemplary embodiments, the actuator may form part of an emergency shut down system (e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical) configured for shutting off flow through the valve (i.e. by operation of the closure mechanism) under emergency situations, whether or not separation of the valve is required.
In exemplary embodiments, the actuator comprises a cable or other device intended to be pulled in order to activate the closure mechanism. hi one embodiment, a first part of the valve is connected to a flexible hose and the actuator comprises a caNe arranged for activating the closure mechanism. The cable is arranged to experience tension before the hose experiences excessive tension, so as to be able to activate the closure mechanism before significant stress is applied to the valve from excessive tensioning of the hose.
In exemplary embodiments, a first actuation mechanism is provided for actuation of the closure mechanism and a second actuation mechanism is provided for actuating the separation mechanism. Provision of separate actuation mechanisms provides improved controllability of the closure mechanism and the separation mechanism.
In exemplary embodiments, the second actuation mechanism is inoperable until the closure mechanism has been actuated, e.g. until after movement of the valve members has been initiated, or until after the valve members have moved to the closed position.
Delaying operation of the separation mechanism until after the closure mechanism has be actuated andlor the first and second valve members are sealed significantly reduces the amount of fluid leakage during separation.
In exemplary embodiments, the closure mechanism includes a valve release mechanism for the valve member in the first part of the valve, wherein the valve release mechanism has a first position in which the valve member is held in an open position, and a second position in which said valve member is able to move to the closed position. lii exemplary embodiments, the separation mechanism is inoperable until after movement of the valve release mechanism from the first position to the second position.
In exemplary embodiments, a first actuation mechanism for the closure mechanism includes a valve release shaft which is movable to operate said valve release mechanism. In exemplary embodiments, the valve release shaft extends out of the first part of the valve, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve rdease mechanism.
In exemplary embodiments, the second part of the valve includes a valve release mechanism for the valve member in the second part of the valve. wherein the valve release mechanism has a first position in which said valve member is held in an open position, and a second position in which said valve member is able to move to the closed position. In exemplary embodiments, a valve release shaft is movable to operate said valve release mechanism in the second part. In exemplary embodiments, said valve release shaft extends out of the second part of the valve, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism in the second part. In exemplary embodiments, there is provided a linkage, whereby rotation of the valve rdease shaft of the first part of the valve causes rotation of the valve release shaft of the second part of the valve.
The valve may comprise a mechanical stop for selectively preventing operation of the separation mechanism, e.g. to prevent operation of the separation mechanism before actuation of the closure mechanism. Hence, the mechanical stop can prevent accidental separation of the valve parts.
In exemplary embodiments, the separation mechanism includes a clamp for holding the first and second valves together, and a clamp release device which is movable to allow the first and second valves to separate. In exemplary embodiments, the clamp cannot release until after movement of the valve members has been initiated, or until after the valve members have moved to the closed position.
In exemplary embodiments, a mechanical stop is provided for restricting movement of the clamp release device. In particular, the mechanical stop has a first position in which the clamp release device is blocked against movement in a clamp release direction, and a second position in which the clamp release device is free for movement in the clamp release direction. In exemplary embodiments, movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second position is dependent upon operation of the closure mechanism.
In exemplary embodiments, rotation of a valve release shaft of a first part of the valve in a valve release direction controls movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second position.
In exemplary embodiments, the first and second valve members have an open position and a closed position, wherein in the closed position the fluid flow path of the respective first and/or second valve part is blocked (e.g. closed off) and in the open position the fluid flow path of the respective first andlor second valve part is unblocked (e.g. open to full flow).
The closure mechanism may be configured to move the first and second valve members independently of each other. Alternatively, the closure mechanism may be configured to move the first and second valve members in a single movement. Such a closure mechanism can simplify the construction of the valve.
In an exemplary embodiment, movement of the second valve member may be dependent upon movement of the first valve member, or vice versa. For example, the coupling may comprise a link member that actuates movement of the second vahe upon movement of the first valve.
In exemp'ary embodiments, the closure mechanism comprises a damper for controlling the closure of the first valve member andJor the second valve member. If the valves members are permitted to close rapidly in an uncontrolled manner, as with breakaway couplings of the prior art, undesirable pressure spikes may be produced in a system to which the coupling is connected. Such pressure spikes will be experienced throughout the whole system in which the valve is located, and can lead to catastrophic failure of upstream or downstream components of the system, particularly in high pressure fluid systems. Provision of a damper controls the dosure of the first and/or second valves members, which can significantly reduce pressure spikes in a system to which the coupling is connected.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper is configured to utilise fluid passing through the valve as a damper medium, e.g. by directing said fluid into a damper chamber having a piston and bleed conduit.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper chamber is formed in a front face the valve member, and the piston is a fixed part onto which the damper chamber is movable.
In exemplary embodiments, the bleed conduit extends to a rear portion of the valve member, such that damper fluid is urged back through the valve member during movement of the valve member from the open position to the closed position.
The valve may form part of or be in the form of a breakaway coupling having a first body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said first part of the valve) connectable to a first part of a flow line, and a second body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said second part of the valve) connectable to a second part of a flow line.
The breakaway coupling may be used in a variety of applications, such as in the transfer of fluid between terminals and road tankers, rail tankers and ships or other water-borne storage vessels, as well as in ship-to-ship transfer, transfer from a supply vessel to a drilling platform/rigs or other off-shore application, or as part of a pipeline (e.g. in series between first and second pipes).
In exemplary embodiments, there is provided a separable connector for separably connecting the first and second bodies. The separable connector may comprise a collar that, in the fluid transfer mode, extends circumferentially around an outer region of the first and second bodies. The coupling may comprise a clamp which, in the fluid transfer mode, clamps the collar around the first and second bodies. The separation mechanism may comprise a clamp release for releasing the clamp so as to release the collar from around the first and second body.
The first and second bodies may each be formed from two separate housings, which are configured to be united to enclose the respective valve member. Such a configuration provides advantages in manufacture, assembly and maintenance.
In exemplary embodiments, each valve member serves as a piston movable between an open position (allowing full flow along the flow path) and a closed position (in which flow is shut off) within a chamber. In exemplaiy embodiments, the valve member has a sealing surface, and the bore has an abutment surface. In the closed position, the sealing surface of the valve member is in sealing abutment with the abutment surface of the chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the chamber defines an axis of flow and the sealing and abutment surfaces are arranged at an angle to the axis of flow (i.e. not parallel). In exemplary embodiments, the valve member includes a radial sealing surface. hi exemplary embodiments, the chamber includes a radial abutment surface.
Typically, the valve will be produced in a range of sizes suitable for use in the variety of applications referred to above), e.g. for use with flow lines having a bore in the range 4 inch and 12 inch diameter. However, it may be desirable to produce valves for use for use with flow lines having a bore as small as 1.5 inch in diameter or up to 18 inch in diameter.
Typically, the valve will be produced from steel, e.g. stainless steel. The valve may be provided with an ice-phobic outer coating, to prevent substantial ice purchase on the surface of valve, that might otherwise hinder separation of the valve.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a valve for connection between first and second parts of a fluid flow line, the valve comprising: a housing defining a fluid flow path therethrough, a valve member positioned in the housing, and a closure mechanism for moving the valve member between an open position and a closed position for blocking the fluid flow path; wherein the valve has a fluid transfer mode of operation and a closure mode of operation. wherein in the fluid transfer mode of operation fluid is able to flow along the flow path through the housing, and wherein in the closure mode of operation the valxe seals against flow through the housing, further wherein the closure mechanism comprises a damper mechanism for controlling movement of the va've member between the open and closed positions.
As referred to with respect to the above aspect of the invention, if the valve is permitted to close rapiWy in an uncontrolled manner, as occurs in breakaway couplings of the prior art, undesirable pressure spikes may be generated, and these spikes may lead to critical failure of components within the system in which the valve is located. By controlling the movement of the valve member, these pressure spikes can be reduced or obviated.
The valve may form part of or be in the form of a breakaway coupling. The breakaway coupling may be used in a variety of applications, such as in the transfer of fluid between terminals and road tankers, rail tankers and ships or other water-borne storage vessels, as well as in ship-to-ship transfer, transfer from a supply vessel to a drilling platforrnlrigs or other off-shore application, or as part of a pipeline (e.g. in series between first and second pipes).
The break away coupling may be of the kind referred to in the above aspect of the invention, i.e. configured for shutting off flow and then separating.
Hence, in exemplary embodiments, the housing comprises a first body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said first part of the valve of the first aspect of the invention) connectable to a first part of a flow line, and a second body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said second part of the valve according to the first aspect of the invention) connectable to a second part of a flow line. In such embodiments, it will be clear that the valve includes first and second valve members, and hence a separate damper mechanism is provided for controlling movement of both valve members between their open and closed positions.
In exemplary embodiments, the or each damper mechanism comprises a fluid chamber, a bleed conduit through which fluid can exit the chamber, and a piston received within the chamber, wherein relative movement between the piston and chamber urges damper fluid through the bleed hole.
In exemplary embodiments, the fluid chamber is ananged for communication with the flow path through the valve, so that the fluid passing into the valve provides the damping medium. This simplifies construction of the damper mechanism.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper mechanism includes an inlet to the chamber for working fluid to flow into the chamber (e.g. from within the valve). The inlet may be arranged such that the inlet is blocked after relative movement between the piston and chamber above a predetermined amount.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper comprises a mesh or filter between the chamber and the bleed conduit. This reduces the risk of blockage of the bleed conduit by particles in the damper fluid.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper comprises a cap for preventing fluid flow into the damper chamber via the bleed conduit.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve member (or each valve member, in the case of a breakaway coupling) serves as a piston movaNe between an open position (allowing full flow along the flow path) and a closed position (in which flow is shut off) within a chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the valve member has a sealing surface, and the chamber has an abutment surface. In the closed position, the sealing surface of the valve member is in sealing abutment with the abutment surface of the chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the chamber defines an axis of flow and the sealing and abutment surfaces are arranged at an angle to the axis of flow (i.e. not parallel). In exemplary embodiments, the valve member includes a radial sealing suiface. In exemplary embodiments, the chamber includes a radial abutment suiface.
In exemplary embodiments, relative movement between the damper piston and the damper chamber is brought about by movement of the valve member from an open position to a closed position.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper chamber is formed in a front face of the valve member, and the piston is a fixed part within the valve chamber.
In exemplary embodiments, the bleed conduit extends to a rear portion of the valve member, such that damper fluid is urged back through the valve member during movement of the valve member from the open position to the closed position.
In exemp'ary embodiments, a spring is arranged to urge the valve member towards the closed position.
In exemplary embodiments in which the valve comprises a breakaway coupling (i.e. having first and second parts, each with a movable valve member), a separable connector provided for holding the separable parts of the valve/coupling together (e.g. to allow fluid flow through the valve in the fluid transfer mode of operation). The separable connector is operable to allow the separable parts of the valve to separate under operation of a separation mechanism, e.g. after damped movement of the valve members to their closed position. In other embodiments, the separation mechanism may be activated after a predetermined time period, foflowing activation of the dosure mechanism.
According to a further aspect the invention, there is provided a coupling for use in a flow line, the coupling comprising a housing having a first end for connection to a first part of a flow line and a second end for connection to a second part of a flow line, wherein the housing defines a flow path between the first and second ends (e.g. for alTangement of the coupling in senes in the flow line), wherein the housing comprises first and second bodies, wherein a first valve member is arranged in the first body and a second valve member is arranged in the second body, and wherein the first valve member is operable to shut off flow from the first body and the second valve is operable to shut off flow from the second body; wherein the coupling further comprises a separable connector for separably connecting the first and second bodies together, and a separation mechanism for separating the separable connector; wherein the separable connector includes a damp operable to hold the first and second bodies together, and wherein the separation mechanism includes a clamp release device having a release member movable from a first position to a second position, to permit to release of the clamp.
In exemplary embodiments, an actuator is provided for moving the release member from the first position to the second position.
In exemplary embodiments, the coupling includes a mechanical stop for sdectively preventing operation of the separation mechanism, e.g. to prevent movement of the release member. In exemplary embodiments, the mechanical stop has a first position in which the clamp release device is blocked against movement in a clamp release direction, and a second position in which the clamp release device is free for movement in the clamp release direction. In exempbry embodiments, movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second position is dependent upon operation of a closure mechanism for activating closure of the valve members.
In exemplary embodiments, the first and second vahe members have an open position and a closed position, wherein in the closed position a fluid flow path of the respective first and/or second body is blocked (e.g. closed off) and in the open position a fluid flow path of the respective first and/or second body is unblocked (e.g. open to full flow).
A closure mechanism may be configured to move the first and second valve members independently of each other. Alternativdy, the closure mechanism may be configured to move the first and second valve members in a single movement. Such a closure mechanism can simplify the construction of the valve.
In an exemplary embodiment, movement of the second valve member may be dependent upon movement of the first valve member, or vice versa. For example, the coupling may comprise a link member that actuates movement of the second valve upon movement of the first valve.
In exemplary embodiments, a spring biased catch mechanism, e.g. a ball catch mechanism, is provided to retain the clamp members together in the absence of movement of the rdease member from the first position to the second position. In exemplary embodiments, the catch mechanism includes a pin which is movable to overcome a catch force and release the clamp members upon movement of the release member from the first position to the second position. The catch force can be tuned in order to dictate the force required to move the release member from the first position to the second position, e.g. by the actuator for the release member.
In exemplary embodiments, the clamp cannot release until movement of the valve members has been initiated to shut off flow, or until after the valve members have moved to a closed position in which the respective bodies are sealed against through flow.
In exemplary embodiments, a valve release shaft is movable to operate a valve release mechanism for the first valve member. In exemplaiy embodiments, said valve rdease shaft extends out of the coupling, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism. In exemplary embodimentsrotation of a valve release shaft of the first valve member in a valve release direction controls movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second position. In exemplary embodiments, the valve release shaft is movable to operate a valve release mechanism for the first valve member.
In exemplary embodiments, a valve release shaft is movable to operate a valve rdease mechanism for the second valve member. In exemplary embodiments, said valve release shaft extends out of the coupling, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism. In exemplary embodiments, rotation of a valve release shaft of the second valve member in a valve release direction operates a valve release mechanism for the second valve member.
In exemplary embodiments, there is provided a linkage, whereby rotation of the valve release shaft of the first valve member causes rotation of the valve release shaft of the second valve member. The linkage may comprise a two part link member configured so that the two parts of the link member separate after release of the clamp.
In exemplary embodiments, the clamp release device comprises one or more biasing members (e.g. one or more springs) arranged to urge the clamp members away from one another. The provision of biasing members improves the reliability of the separable connector. In exemplary embodiments, the springs act on a plate arranged between the clamp members. The plate reduces the risk of the clamp not separating after movement of the release member (e.g. due to ice build up), and also ensures that both parts of the clamp are separated at substantially the same time.
In exemplary embodiments, the separable connector comprises a collar configured to extend circumferentially around an outer region of the first and second bodies, and said clamp is arranged for clamping the collar in position.
In exemplary embodiments, an outer surface of the first body defines a radially extending flange, and the outer surface of the second body defines a corresponding flange. In exemplary embodiments, the collar and clamp cooperate to separably hold the flanges in abutment with one another. The coupling is configured so that the internal components of the coupling are sealingly enclosed within the housing when the flanges are held in abutment with one another.
In exemplary embodiments, the collar comprises linkages of pivotably connected members, configured to enable the collar to pivot away from the coupling bodies when the clamp is released. A pivotal connection improves control of release and fall away of the collar.
The actuator may comprise a breakable connection that permits the clamp to be separated from the actuator after release. For example, the actuator may comprise a cable. A breakable connection may be formed on the cable and configured to fracture once separation of the clamp has at least been initiated. The breakable connection may comprise a shear pin. For example, when the actuator comprises a cable, two mating components may mate to connect two portions of the cable. A shear pin may anchor the mating parts together. When the actuator comprises a cable, the cable may have a portion (e.g. in a region near the release member) substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the coupling. The coupling may comprise a cable guide positioned to guide the cable to a connection with the release member.
According to yet a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a coupling for connection between first and second parts of a fluid flow line (e.g. a hose and a terminal), the coupling comprising: a housing defining a fluid flow path therethrough; a valve member movable along a first axis between an open position and a closed position for shutting off the flow path; a biasing member for biasing the valve member towards the closed position; and a valve control mechanism, wherein the valve control mechanism is configured for holding the valve member in the open position and selectively releasing the valve member from the open position, further wherein the valve control mechanism comprises a clamping member for holding the valve member in the open position and a release mechanism for selectively releasing the clamping member so as to release the valve member to move to the closed position, wherein the release mechanism is configured for rotation about the axis of movement of the valve member.
Advantageously, the use of the release mechanism configured for rotation about the axis of movement of the valve member provides for a compact construction of the coupling.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve control mechanism comprises a clutch. For example, the valve control mechanism may comprise a ball clutch.
The clamping member may comprise a series of balls. The release mechanism may comprise a collar having a series of pockets dimensioned to receive a portion of the balls when the clamping member is released. Each pocket may comprise a spherical segment for receiving a portion of one of the series of balls and a ramp for directing one of the series of balls into the spherical segment of the pocket. The ramp directs the balls into the pockets to provide a smooth release of the clamp member.
The damping member may comprise a plurality of spacers positioned between the series of balls so as to limit movement of the balls untfl release of the clamping member.
The valve may comprise an actuator rotatable to rotate the release mechanism. The actuator may comprise a torsional resistance arrangement to prevent rotation of the release mechanism below a predetermined torque. The torsional resistance anangement may comprise a torsion spring.
The valve may comprise a shaft extending out of the coupling housing. A swivel joint may be provided between the shaft and the rotary release. A joint of the shaft to the release mechanism may be configured such that rotation of the shaft causes rotation of the release mechanism.
The biasing member may be a spring.
In exemplary embodiments, the coupling comprises a breakaway coupling (i.e. having first and second separable parts, each with a movable valve member), a separable connector provided for holding the separable parts of the coupling together (e.g. to allow fluid flow through the valve in a fluid transfer mode of operation). In such embodiments, each valve member is associated with a valve release mechanism of the kind set forth above (i.e. including a rotary release mechanism). In exemplary embodiments, the separable connector is operable to allow the separable parts of the valve to separate under operation of a separation mechanism, e.g. after movement of the valve members to their closed position.
The rotary release mechanism of this aspect of the invention may be incorporated into any of the other aspects of the invention set forth herein.
According to another aspect the invention, there is provided a valve comprising: a valve body defining a fluid flow path; a valve member moveable along an axis within the valve body between an open position and closed position, wherein in the open position the fluid flow path is substantially unblocked and in the closed position the fluid flow path is blocked substantially preventing fluid flow therealong; a biasing member to bias the valve member to the closed position; and a valve control mechanism for holding the valve member in the open position and releasing the valve member from the open position to the closed position; wherein the valve control mechanism comprises a damping member for holding the valve member in the open position and a rotary release for selectively releasing the clamping member so as to release the valve member to move to the closed position.
The rotary release mechanism of this aspect of the invention may be incorporated into any of the other aspects of the invention set forth herein.
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coupling for use in a flow line, the coupling comprising a housing having a first end for connection to a first part of a flow line and a second end for connection to a second part of a flow line, wherein the housing defines a flow path between the first and second ends (e.g. for arrangement of the coupling in series in the flow line), wherein the housing comprises first and second bodies, wherein a first valve member is arranged in the first body and a second valve member is arranged in the second body, and wherein the first valve member is operable to shut off flow from the first body and the second valve is operable to shut off flow from the second body, and wherein the first body comprises two separate parts connected to one another to endose the first valve member and the second body comprises two separate parts connected to one another to enclose the second valve member.
Forming the first and second body of two separate parts that cooperate to enclose a respective valve member of the coupling provides for advantageous manufacture, assembly and maintenance.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve member (or each valve member, in the case of a breakaway coupling) serves as a piston movable between an open position (allowing full flow along the flow path) and a closed position (in which flow is shut off) within a chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the valve member has a sealing surface, and the chamber has an abutment surface. In the closed position, the sealing surface of the valve member is in sealing abutment with the abutment surface of the chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the chamber defines an axis of flow and the sealing and abutment surfaces are arranged at an angle to the axis of flow (i.e. not parallel). In exemplary embodiments, the valve member includes a radial sealing surface. In exemplary embodiments, the chamber includes a radial abutment surface.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve member comprises a valve head (e.g. cone shaped valve head). In exemplary embodiments, the valve head is arranged for movement in the first part of each body.
In exemplary embodiments, each body includes a damper mechanism for controlling movement of the valve member from the open position to the closed position. In exemplary embodiments, fluid passing through the flow path is used is diverted to a damper chamber for use as a damping medium.
In exemplary embodiments, the damper chamber is formed in a front face of the valve member, and a damper piston is a fixed part onto which the damper chamber is movable (e.g. during movement of the valve head in a closing direction). In exemplary embodiments, the piston is mounted in the first part of each body.
In exemplary embodiments, a bleed conduit is arranged in communication with the damper chamber. In exemplary embodiments, the bleed conduit extends rearwardly of the valve head.
In exemplary embodiments, the valve member is operable to seal against a surface in a first part of the body.
In exemplary embodiments, a closure mechanism is associated with each body, for activation of the valve member (i.e. for movement from an open position to a closed position). In exemplary embodiments, the closure mechanism is mounted in the second part of the body. In exemplary embodiments, the closure mechanism includes a valve release mechanism having a first position in which the valve member is held in an open position, and a second position in which said valve member is able to move to the closed position. In exemplary embodiments, the closure mechanism includes a valve release shaft which is movable to operate said valve release mechanism. In exemplary embodiments, the valve release shaft extends out of the second part of the body. In exemplary embodiments, the valve release shaft is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism.
In exemplary embodiments, the coupling is a breakaway coupling having a separable connector provided for holding the two bodies together (e.g. to allow fluid flow to flow along the flow path). The separable connector is operable to allow the two bodies to separate from one another under operation of a separation mechanism. In exemplary embodiments, the separation mechanism cannot be operated until the closure mechanisms have been activated. In exemplary embodiments, the separation mechanism cannot be operated until the valve members are in their closed positions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figures I and 2 show a perspective view of a coupling; Figure 3 shows a plan view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 4 shows a side view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 5 shows a perspective exploded view of a first and second body of the coupling of Figures] and 2; Figure 6 shows a cross sectional view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 connected to a hose and a terminal; Figure 8 shows a detailed perspective view of a mechanism for preventing accidental release of a valve of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 9 shows a cross sectional view through a valve release of the coupling of Figures I and 2 in an unreleased state; Figure 10 shows a cross section view through the valve release of Figure 9 in a released state; Figures 11 and 12 show a perspective view of the valve release of Figure 9; Figure 13 shows an exploded perspective view of the valve release of Figure 9; Figure 14 shows a cross sectional view through the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 when valves of the coupling are closed; Figure 15 shows a detailed sectional view of a valve and damper of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 when the valve is in an open position; Figure 16 shows a detailed sectional view of a valve and damper of Figure 15, when the vahe is in a closed position; S Figure 17 shows a perspective view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 when a mechanical stop preventing actuation of a separation mechanism is released; Figure 18 shows a detailed perspective view of the mechanical stop mechanism of Figure 17 in a stop position; Figure 19 shows a detailed perspective view of the mechanical stop mechanism of Figure 17 in a released position; Figure 20 shows an end view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 21 shows an end view of a collar and a clamp of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 isolated from the rest of the coupling; Figure 22 shows a side view of the collar and the clamp of Figure 21; Figure 23 shows a perspective view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 during a stage of separation of the separable coupling; Figure 24 shows an exploded view of the collar and clamp of Figure 21; Figure 25 shows a plan view of the coupling of Figure 23; Figure 26 shows a plan view of the collar and clamp isolated from the rest of the coupling duiing a stage of separation of the separable coupling; Figure 27 shows a cross section through a release arm of a separable connection of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 28 shows an exploded cross sectional view through the release arm of Figure 27 when the clamp is released; Figure 29 shows a perspective view of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2 during a stage of separation of a separable connection of the coupling; Figure 30 shows an end view of the coupling of Figure 29; Figure 3i shows a side view of the coupling of Figure 29; Figure 32 shows a detailed view of a connection between two parts of a link member of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 33 shows a plan view of the coupfing of Figures 1 and 2 during a final stage of separation; Figure 34 shows a perspective view of the coupling of Figure 32; Figure 35 shows a side view of the coupling of Figure 32; Figure 36 shows a detailed perspective view of two pieces of a link arm of the coupling of Figure 32; Figure 37 shows a cross sectional view through a coupling of Figures 1 and 2 when the coupling is in a sealed position; Figure 38 shows a detailed view of two caNes used to actuate closure of the vahes and of separation of the coupling of Figures 1 and 2; and Figure 39 shows a sectioned view through a fracturaNe mechanism of the cables of Figure 38.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT(S)
Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a coupling for use in a fluid flow line is indicated generally at 10. In general terms, the coupling 10 takes the form of a housing intended for thcation in series in a fluid flow line. The housing has a first end (to the left as shown in Figures 3 and 4) intended for connection to a first part of a fluid flow line, and a second end (to the right as viewed in Figures 3 and 4) intended for connection to a second part of a fluid flow line, so that fluid can flow from said first part to said second part via the coupling, or vice versa.
As will become apparent from the description below, the coupling 10 is configured for multiple modes of operation; a fluid flow mode, where the coupling defines a fluid flow path to allow fluid to flow through the coupling, a closure mode, where the coupling is operable to shui-off fluid flow through the coupling, and a separation mode, where the coupling is able to separate into first and second sealed parts.
Figures 1 to 4 show the coupling in the fluid flow mode.
In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling 10 has a first body 12 and a second body 14. The first body 12 and the second body 14 are separably connected to one another by a separable connection 16, which will be described in more detail ater.
With reference also to Figure 5. the first body 12 is formed in two parts 12a and 12b, and the second body 14 is formed in two parts 14a, 14k Each part of the first and second body includes a flange 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 at each end thereof The two parts 12a, 12b, 14a, 14b of each body 12, 14 are connected together via the flanges 22, 24, 28, 30 using conventiona' methods, for examp'e, bolts, riveting or welding. The flanges 26, 32 outermost the coupling 10 are used for connection of the coupling to a respective part of a fluid flow line (e.g. to terminal or hose), as required.
The separable connection 16 (not shown in Figure 5) is used to hold the flange 18 on the first part 14a of the body 14 in abutment with the flange 20 on the first part 12a of the body 12. Internal components of the coupling (described below) are thereby sealing enclosed within the housing.
Referring now to Figure 6, a fluid flow path through the first body and the second body is indicated by arrows 34.
The coupling 10 includes first and second valves 36, 38. The first valves 36 is provided in the first body 12 and the second valve 38 is provided in the second body 14. The valves 36, 38 are operable to block the fluid flow path 34 through the coupling 10 (i.e. to shut-off fluid flow along the flow path 34). The construction of the valves 36, 38 will be described in more detail below.
Referring to Figure 7, the coupling 10 is shown in one possible application, connected between a hose 8 and a terminal 6, for transfer of fluid from the hose to the terminal, or vice versa. Two cables 40 and 42 extend from the coupling 10 and are connectable to a position remote from the coupling. The cables 40 and 42 are intended to extend a length shorter than that of the connected hose 8, and be connected to a point near an end of the hose distal to the coupling. In this way, if the hose experiences undesirable tensioning, the cables will reach a predetermined tension before the hose does.
S The cables 40 and 42 are connected to a closure mechanism 46 and a separation mechanism 48, respectively. The arrangement is such that movement or tensioning of the cables 40, 42 above a certain amount will activate closure of the valves 36, 38 and separation of the separable connection 16. The coupling 10 includes a cable guide 44 that guides the cables 40 and 42, so that the cables are substantially parallel to an axis A extending longitudinally through the coupling. The cable guide 44 includes a plate protruding from the first body i2 and two holes 52, 54; one cable 40 is guided through one hole 52 and the other cable 42 is guided through the other hole 54.
In alternative embodiments the closure mechanism 46 and/or separation mechanism 48 may be activated by any other suitable actuation mechanism, for example hydraulic or pneumatic actuation, or by an electrical actuation system.
Consideration of the closure mechanism 46 will now be made with respect to Figures 6 to 8. A valve release mechanism 64 is positioned within the first body 12. A shaft 58 extends into the first body 12 for communication with the valve release mechanism 64. A plate 55 is mounted at one end of the shaft 58, outside the first body 12. The shaft 58 is rigidly connected to the plate 55, in this embodiment using a bolt and a washer (although any suitable connection may be used). Offset from the connection of the shaft 58 with the plate 55 is a hole 56 to which the cable 40 connects. The offset relationship means that when the cable tensions by a predetermined amount the plate 55 is caused to rotate about a longitudinal axis B of the shaft 58, causing the shaft58torotate, The shaft 58 is connected to the valve release mechanism 64 via a swivel joint 59.
The swivel joint 59 is offset from a longitudinal axis B of the shaft 58. The valve release mechanism 64 contains a slot 63 (shown in Figures 11 to 13) in which the swivel joint 59 is positioned. The walls of the slot are adjacent the swivel joint, such that when the shaft 58 rotates, the offset of the swivel joint to the axis of rotation of the shaft 58 (which is substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 58) causes the swivel joint 59 to press against the slot 63 so as to rotate the valve release mechanism 64.
A torsion spring 60 is connected between the plate 55 and an outer portion 62 of the first body 12. The torsion spring 60 ensures that to actuate turning of the plate 55 and the shaft 58 the tension in the cable 40 must be above a predetermined evel, and as such reduces the risk of accidental actuation of the valve release mechanism, for example by a person pulling on the cable 40.
The valve release mechanism 64 is shown in more detail in Figures 9 to 13. The valve release mechanism includes a collar 66 surrounding a series of balls 68 (only one labelled for clarity). The balls are supported circumferentially in position by spacers (only one labelled for clarity). Spacers 70 are foimed by a stepped profile of an inner collar 7i that fits within the collar 66. The stepped profile forms recesses 69 within which the balls 68 are positioned. The recesses 69 and spacers 70 are substantially rectangular in shape. 1-lowever, in alternative embodiments the recesses and spacers can be any appropriate shape. The collar 66, balls 68 and spacers 70 are positioned around a portion of a valve member 78.
The collar 66 includes a series of pockets 72 spaced around an inner circumferential surface of the collar. The number of pockets 72 is equal to the number of balls 68. In the present embodiment, eight balls 68 and eight pockets 72 are provided, but in alternative embodiments any suitable number of pockets and balls may be provided.
Each pocket has a spherical segment 74 for receiving a portion of a ball 68, and a ramped section 76 for guiding each ball 68 into a respective spherical segment 74.
Referring to Figure 13, the profile of the pocket is tear shaped, such that the ramp is narrowest at an end distal to the spherical segment and widest at the spherical section, where it has a width substantially equal to the spherical section at the junction therebetween.
Figure 9 shows the valve release mechanism 64 when the coupling 10 is in the fluid flow mode (i.e. the valves 36, 38 are open) and Figure 10 shows the valve release mechanism 64 when the coupling 10 is in the closure mode (i.e. the valves 36, 38 are closed).
In the fluid flow mode, the balls 68 are positioned so as to be in a region between the pockets 72. The collar 66, balls 68 and valve member 78 are dimensioned such that in said position, the balls clamp against the valve member 78 to hold the valve member 78 in an open position.
Upon rotation of the coflar 66 (in a clockwise direction as constructed in the present embodiment), in this embodiment due to rotation of the shaft 58, the balls 68 are urged up the ramp 68 and into the spherical segment 74. Movement of the balls 68 into the pockets 72 releases contact of the balls 68 with the valve member 78, permitting the valve member to move axially to the closed position.
The valve member 78 includes a valve head 80 and a rear portion 82. The rear portion 82 is substantially cylindrical in shape. The valve release mechanism 64 is positioned around the rear portion 82 of the valve member 78. The rear portion 82 includes a circumferential groove 84 in which the balls 68 are seated. The valve head 80 is substantially conical in shape.
Referring to Figure 14, the first body 12 defines a chamber 86 in which the valve member 78 is movable. The chamber 86 narrows at each longitudinal end of the first body 12, due to inner sloping walls 88, 90. The cavity 86 defines a step 89 adjacent the sloping wall 88. The step 89 defines a radial valve stop or abutment surface for sealing engagement by the valve member 78. More particularly, during a closure mode of operation, upon release of the valve member 78 from its open position, the valve member 78 moves axially until a radial sealing surface on the valve member 78 is in abutment with the radial valve stop. The first body is thereby sealed against fluid flow along the flow path though the coupling.
A spring 92 is provided to urge the valve member towards the closed position.
As can be seen clearly from Figure 17, a link member 94 extends from the plate 55 to a further plate 96. The further plate 96 is connected at the free end of a shaft 98 extending into the second body 14. The shaft 98 is arranged in communication with a similar valve release mechanism located within the second housing 14 and operable to close the valve 38 in the second body.
The connection of the link member 94 to the plate 55 is offset from the shaft 58, such that rotation of the plate 55 (e.g. due to tensioning of the cable 40) moves the link member 94 in a direction towards the second body 14. Movement of the link member 94 towards the second body 14 causes the plate 96 to rotate about a longitudinal axis C of the shaft 98, which causes the shaft 98 to rotate.
The second body 14 is a mirror image of the first body 12, and as such will not be discussed in detail here, The shaft 98 is connected to a valve release mechanism 100, and rotation of the shaft 98 closes the valve 38. The valve 38 includes a valve member having a conical shaped valve head 102 and a cylindrical shaped rear portion 104. The second body 14 defines a chamber 106 which narrows in diameter at each end due to sloping walls 108 and 110. Spring 112 is provided to urge the valve member to the closed position. i.e. with a radial sealing surface of the valve member 78 in abutment with a radial abutment surface of the chamber 106.
In view of the above description, it will be understood that release of the valve member 78 in the first body 12 brings about release of the valve member 78 in the second body 14. Each body 12, 14 includes a valve release mechanism configured to hold a valve member in open position in a fluid transfer mode of operation. but wherein the valve release mechanism is operable to release the valve member to allow it to move to its closed position as part of a closure mode of operation. Movement of a shaft extending out of the respective bodies 12, 14 of the coupling causes operation of valve release mechanism. A link member 94 is connected between the shafts on first and second bodies, so that rotation of the shaft on first body causes movement of shaft on second body.
Reference will now be made to Figures 15 and 16, in order to describe an example of a damper mechanism provided to control movement of the valves 36, 38 from the open position to the closed position during the closure mode of operation.
The damper mechanism includes a damper chamber 114 and a bleed conduit 118 in communication with the damper chamber 114. The diameter of the bleed conduit 118 is significantly smaller than the diameter of the damper chamber 114. In use, fluid within the chamber 114 serves as a damper medium, and a piston 116 is provided to urge fluid from the chamber 114 through the bleed conduit 118 during closure of the valve 36, 38, in order to damp the closing movement of the valve 36, 38.
In the illustrated embodiment, the chamber 114 is formed in a front end of the valve head 80. The chamber 114 extends the longitudinal length of the valve head 80 and into the rear portion 82 of the va've member 78. The front end of the chamber 114 is open, for receiving the piston 116. The piston 116 is a fixed member extending into the chamber 86, and is aiTanged to extend into the chamber 114 when the valve member 78 is in its open position. Furthermore, during movement of the valve member 78 towards its closed position, the valve member 78 moves in the direction of the fixed piston 116, whereby the degree of insertion of the piston 116 within the chamber 114 increases, so as to reduce the space available for fluid within the chamber 114. Hence, during movement of the valve member to its closed position.
the piston 116 serves to expel damper fluid from the chamber 114 into the Need conduit 118.
The bleed conduit 118 extends through the rear portion 82 of the valve member 82 and exits at an end dista' to the valve head 80.
A mesh (not illustrated) is positioned between the chamber 114 and the bleed conduit 118 so as to prevent flow of debris to the bleed conduit (which might otherwise cause blockage of the bleed conduit).
An inlet 119 for the damper chamber 114 is provided in the valve head 80, and extends between the chamber 114 and the valve chamber 86, such that fluid passing through the coupling 10 can enter the chamber 114 via the inlet 119. Hence, the fluid in the coupling 10 serves as the damper medium. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet 119 includes a series of conduits 120, 121 circumferentially spaced around the valve head (the conduits 120, 121 can also be seen in Figure 12). One of the series of conduits 120 is positioned substantially parallel to an axis A of the coupling 10 and the other series of conduits 121 are positioned substantially perpendicular to the axis A of the coupling. The inlet 119 is positioned near the open end of the chamber 114.
When the valve member 78 is in the open position, the inlet is open and fluid may flow into the chamber 114 from the chamber 86. However, upon movement of the valve member 78 towards its closed position, the relative position of the fixed piston 116 will cause the inlet to be blocked preventing further fluid flow to the chamber 114.
A fixed member 122 is provided in each valve chamber 86, in the outermost part of the body 12, 14. The fixed member 122 has a conical end which tapers inwardly towards a point of attachment at the free end of the first body (e.g. to the right as viewed in Figure 14). The fixed member 122 is configured to cause minimal impingement to fluid flow at the point of entry/exit of fluid via the free end of the body 12.
The valve release shaft extends into the fixed member 122. Also, the valve release mechanism is mounted on the fixed member 122.
The fixed member 122 includes a recess or compartment 128 in which the rear portion 82 of the valve member 78 is movable. The bleed conduit 118 is arnmged in communication between the recess 128 and the damper chamber 114, such that movement of the valve member relative to the piston 116 causes damper fluid to be expelled into the recess 128. A channel 124 extends from the recess 128. The channel 124 serves as a continuation of the bleed conduit 118, and damper fluid is expelled from the recess 128 via the channel 124. A cap 126 is provided on the end of the channel 124. The cap 124 serves as a one way valve configured to prevent fluid flow into the recess 128 along the channel 124.
Each valve 36, 38 is provided with the same configuration of damper mechanism.
In exemplary embodiments, the coupling is operable in a fluid transfer mode when it is desirable to convey fluid through the coupling. Flow can be shut off by operation of the valve release mechanisms in the closure mode of operation. The coupling 10 is configured so that the separation mode may only take place after activation of the valve release mechanisms (i.e. after initiation of the closure mode).
Referring to Figures 17 and 19, the coupling 10 includes a mechanical stop 130 operable for preventing separation of the coupling 10 before activation of the valves 36. 38. In the illustrated embodiment, the mechanical stop 130 takes the form of a stop member 132 projecting from the plate 55 at the free end of the valve release shaft 58. A notch or recess 134 is formed in the stop member 132.
The separation mechanism 16 includes a release arm 136. As will be explained in more detail below, movement of the release arm 136 causes release of a clamp which holds the two pails of the coupling together.
Prior to operation of the separation mechanism 16, the release arm 136 extends through the recess 134 in the stop member 132. A flange or projection 138 is provided on the release arm 136. The flange 138 prevents the release arm 136 from being pulled through the recess 134, e.g. as shown in Figure 18.
If plate 55 is rotated (e.g. to actuate closure of the valve), the stop member 132 is a'so rotated, so that the flange 138 is no longer restricted against release movement by the stop member 132. e.g. as shown in Figure 19.
Referring to Figures 20 to 30, the separation mechanism 16 includes a collar 140 which is movable from a first position in which the collar extends circumferentially around the flanges 18, 20 of the first and second bodies 12, 14 (when said flanges are in abutment with one another), e.g. as shown in Figure 23, to a second position in which the collar is displaced from the flanges 18, 20, e.g. as shown in Figure 30. A clamp 142 is operable to clamp the collar 140 in place around the first and second bodies 12, 14.
The collar 140 consists of two upper collar elements 143 and two lower collar elements 145 configured to extend on either side of the flanged connection between the first and second bodies 12, 14. The upper and lower collar elements 143, 145 are interconnected by link arms 144, two positioned diametrically opposed on either side of the flanges 20, 18. The lower collar elements 145 are interconnected by a link piece 148 extending beneath the first and second bodies 12, 14. The lower collar elements 145 are pivotally connected to the link piece 148 by pivot joints 146. The link arms 144 are pivotafly connected to the upper and lower collar elements 143, 145 by pivot joints 147.
The upper collar dements 143 each define a cylindrical projection 152 which projects upwardly from the collar 140 in the position shown in Figure 20. The clamp 142 is configured to clamp around the cylindrical projections 152, in order to hold the collar in position around the first and second bodies 12, 14, e.g. in the position shown in Figure 20.
In the illustrated embodiment, the clamp 142 includes two C-shaped portions 156, 158 that clamp around the cylindrical projections 152 of the collar 140. A plate 160 S extends between the two cylindrical projections 152 of the collar 140, with the ends of the plate 160 located in slots 153 in the respective projections 152.
A spring 164 is provided between one of the C-shaped members 158 and the plate 160 and a further spring 166 is provided between the other of the C-shaped member 156 and plate 160.
The C-shaped portions 156, 158 and the plate 160 each indude an aperture 155, 161, 157.
A ball catch release mechanism of known construction, as illustrated in Figures 26 and 28. is operable to selectively hold the clamp members 158 in place, prior to operation of the separation mechanism 16. More particularly, the ball catch release mechanism includes a shaft which extends through the apertures 155 and 161, and into the aperture 157 prior to operation of the separation mechanism 16. The shaft is locked against movement by a radial ball catch force.
Movement of the release arm 136 in a release direction (e.g. after movement of the mechanical stop plate 132), will cause the ball catch force to be overcome, in which case the springs 164, 166 are able to act against the plate 160 to urge the damp members 156, 158 apart. As is known in the art, the ball catch release mechanism comprises a spnng to bias components of the mechanism to a position that holds the clamp members in place. The spring can be selected and/or configured to tune the ball catch release mechanism in order to dictate the force required to move the release arm 136 in the release direction.
Hence, the ball release mechanism serves as a biased catch mechanism to prevent separation of the clamp parts 156, 158 in the absence of a positive actuation of the release arm.
Separation of the clamp parts 156, 158 allows the upper collar elements 143 and the arms 144 to fall away from the first and second bodies, from the position shown in Figure 20 to the position shown in Figures 29 and 30.
The release arm 136 is arranged to be pulled from engagement with the clamp 142 by the caNe 42 (see Figure 7).
As previously mentioned, to actuate the valve 38 of the second body 14, a link member 94 is provided between the first and second valve actuation shafts 58, 98.
The link member 94 is separaNe into two pieces, as described below.
Referring to Figures 31 to 36, the link member 94 is provided in two pieces 170 and 172. Each of the two pieces 170, 172 includes a step such that the ends of the two pieces 170 and 172 may overlap to fit together. Two C-shaped link elements 174 and 176 are provided to fit around the two pieces 170 and 172 of the link member 94 so as to separably hold the two pieces 170, 172 of the link member 94 together. A semi-circular projection 178 is provided at each end of the link elements 174 and 176.
When the link members 174, 176 are in position around the two pieces 170, 172 of the link member 94, the semi-circular projection 178 cooperate to define opposing cylindrical projections.
The cylindncal projections 152 of the collar 140 include a cylindrical hole (not illustrated) into which the projections 178 can be received so as to support the C-shaped elements in cooperation around the two pieces 170, 172 of the link member 94.
However, if the collar 140 is released, the projections 152 fall away from the coupling, in which case the support for the link elements moves and the two pieces 170, 172 of the link member 94 are free to separate.
One piece 172 of the link member 94 includes two protrusions 180 that are received in two holes positioned in the other piece 170 of the link member 94, so as to limit movement of the two pieces relative to each other when connected together in the fluid flow mode.
Once the link member 94 has separated, the first and second bodies 12, 14 of the coupling 10 can be separated, e.g. as shown in Figure 37.
Referring to Figures 38 and 39, the cables 40 and 42 (shown also in Figure 7) are fracturable once under a predetermined tension. Hence, the cables 40 and 42 can be used to apply the required force to actuate closure of the valves 36, 38 and separation of the coupling 10, and then break. The cables 40 and 42 are fracturable due to mechanism 182. Mechanism 182 includes two mating parts 184 and 186 each connecting to one portion of the cable, so as to connect the cable 40 or 42 via the mechanism 182. A shear pin 188 connects the two mating parts 184 and 186 in mating engagement. The shear pin 188 is selected to shear at the predetermined tension so as to fracture the cable connection. This is particularly important for movement of the release arm 136, since it means that the release arm 136 is free to fall away and does not become wedged against the cable guide 44. which might otherwise prevent separation of the coupling andlor cause damage to the cable guide 44.
Exemplary embodiment of the coupling 10 are primarily manufactured from stainless steel (e.g. stainless steel 316), but in alternative embodiments any other suitable material may be used, for example nickel-copper alloys, or duplex stainless steel.
An icephobic coating maybe applied to inner and/or outer surfaces of the coupling 10 to prevent ice formation from sticking to the coupling.
Typically, the coupling 10 will be purged with an inert gas. for example nitrogen gas, before use, to ensure that there is no moisture in the coupling. The coupling can then be connected in series between respective parts of a fluid flow line, e.g. a hose and a terminal, using conventional means, such as bolts.
When the coupling 10 is first connected in series, the valves 36 and 38 are open so as to permit fluid transfer through the flow path in the coupling. Fluid within the flow path enters the damper chamber 114 through the inlet 119.
Under activation by extemal forces, the valve release shaft 58 may be rotated, in order to rotate the collar 66 of the valve release mechanism 64 in the first body 12.
Furthermore, rotation of the shaft 58 also causes movement of the link member 94, which itself causes rotates the valve release shaft 98, which in turn rotates the collar 66 of the valve release mechanism 64 in the second body 14.
Rotation of the collars 66 moves the balls 68 into the pockets 72, which releases the valve members 78 so as to permit axial movement thereof. The valve members move axially to a dosed position due to the biasing of springs 92, 112.
As the va've members move axially towards the centre of the coupling, the piston 118 extends into the damper chamber 114, causing the inlet 119 to be blocked and damper medium to exit the chamber 114 along the bleed conduit 118. The fluid in the damper chamber 114 provides a resistance to closure of the valve, thereby providing controlled closure of the valve. The size of the bleed hole can be selected to give the required resistance depending on the intended working fluid.
Rotation of the valve release shaft 58 also brings about movement of the stop member 132, so that the clamp release mechanism is free to operate. The amount of rotation required for release of the release aim can be altered depending on, for a given application, whether separation should commence once the valves are fully closed, or whether separation can commence straight after actuation of the valves 36, 38. for example. In exemplary embodiments, the valves are intended to fully close before the release arm is rdeased.
Removal of the release arm 136 permits the clamp 142 to separate. The springs 164 and 166 urge the two C-shaped portions apart. which can be particirlarly advantageous in low temperature applications, where there is a nsk of ice build up which might separation of the clamp 142.
Separation of the clamp 142 permits the collar 140 to move away from the first and second bodies 12, 14, which permits the link elements to separate an allow separation of the link member 94. Separation of the link member 94 and removal of the collar from around the first and second bodies 12, 14 allows the first body 12 to be fully disconnected from the second body 14.
The coupling 10 may be used with a variety of fluids, for example: liquefied gases such as LPG (liquefied petr&eum gas), butane, propane, carbon dioxide. DME (dimethyl ether) and CNG (compressed natural gas); cryogenic liquids such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon or carbon dioxide; chemicals and hydrocarbons such as aromatics, ethylene, propylene, VCM (vinyl chloride), alcohols and acids, diesel, refrigerants and jet fuel; other liquids such as hydraulic oils, inks, paints, solvents, locomotive fuel, helicopter fuel; or the fluid may be a gas. The temperature of the fluid in the coupling may range from, for example, -200°C to +60°C.
The couphng 10 may be used in a variety of applications, for example: in the oil and petrochemical industry for bulk oading or unloading of fluids, loading or uffloading of a road or rail tanker, or process product transfer; or in the marine and offshore industry for ship to rig, ship to shore, or ship to ship transfer, barge loading, bunkering or marine refuelling or the like. The coupling 10 may also be used as a fuse' in a pipeline, e.g. for emergency shut down of flow through the coupling, in effect, the coupling 10 serves as a valve for cutting off flow and the valve can be broken into separate parts.
Advantageously, actuation of the valve members (to release them for movement to a closed position) before separation of the coupling reduces fluid spillage from the coupling. In exempbry embodiments, the valve members are in a fully dosed position before the coupling can separate. For the illustrated embodiment, this means that only fluid in a small end region 190 (shown in Figure 37) of the coupling 10 will escape from the coupling during separation.
The use of a rotary release mechanism to activate release of the valves provides a particularly compact assembly, permitting the coupling to be more compact and reducing the weight ceiling.
Rapid closing of the valves 36, 38 may cause undesirable pressure spikes within the flow system into which the coupling is located. The provision of a damper considerably reduces the pressure spike through the system. Integration of components of the damper (i.e. the bleed hole 118 and the chamber 114) with the valve member means that the coupling can be manufactured more compactly.
In the illustrated embodiment, valve closure and coupling separation is actuated by cables 40 and 42. However. alternative actuation mechanisms may be used. Example mechanisms include hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical systems. In one known electrical system, a laser or light source from a fibre optic cable is used to track a target, and if the laser or light source moves too far off target the valve closure and coupling separation modes are activated. In exemplary embodiments, the actuator may form part of an emergency shut down system (e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical) configured for shutting off flow through the valve (i.e. by operation of the closure mechanism) under emergency situations, whether or not separation of the valve is required.
In the illustrated embodiment, the valves 36 and 38 close simultaneously (by virtue of the link member 94). In alternative embodiments, the valves 36 and 38 may be closed independently of each other and at different times, e.g. one after the other.
The damper system may be a separate system not integrated in the valve member. For example, the damper system may be a piston and plunger arrangement positioned behind the rear portion 82 of the valve member.
In further alternative embodiments, the separable connection of the coupling may have a different construction. For example, the separable connection may include shearable bolts, similar to that of the prior art, and the bolts may be selected to shear at a tensioning force above that for valve closure.
In further alternative embodiments a shrouding may be provided around the coupling.
In yet further alternative embodiments a bumper, for example a rubber bumper, may be provided on one or more of the flanges of the first andlor second body, a bumper may also be provided on the separable connection.
Claims (98)
- Claims I. A valve for use in a fluid flow line, wherein the valve has first and second parts connectable to define a fluid flow path through the valve (e.g. for connection in series in a fluid flow line), wherein a first valve member is operable in the first part and a second valve member is operable in the second part, and said valve members are arranged for movement between an open position and a closed position for shutting off fluid flow, wherein the valve includes a closure mechanism for activating movement of the valve members from the open position to the closed position, and a separation mechanism for allowing the first and second parts of the valve to separate from one another, wherein the valve has a fluid transfer mode of operation and a separation mode of operation, wherein in the fluid transfer mode of operation the first and second parts of the (Y) valve are connected together, the first and second valve members are in an open position and fluid can flow along the flow path through the valve, and CO wherein in the separation mode of operation, the separation mechanism is 0 operable to separate the first and second parts of the valve after operation of the C'SJ closure mechanism.
- 2. The valve of claim I wherein the first and second valve parts cannot separate until after the valve members have reached their closed position.
- 3. The valve of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein a separable connector is provided, configured to hold the two valve parts in communication with one another in the fluid transfer mode of operation and to allow the two parts of the valve to separate under operation of the separation mechanism.
- 4. The valve of any previous claim wherein a first actuation mechanism is provided for actuation of the closure mechanism and a second actuation mechanism is provided for actuating the separation mechanism.
- 5. The valve of claim 4 wherein the second actuation mechanism is inoperable until the dosure mechanism has been actuated, e.g. until after movement of the valve members has been initiated, or until after the valve members have moved to the closed position.
- 6. The valve of any previous claim wherein the closure mechanism includes a valve release mechanism for the valve member in the first part of the valve, wherein the valve release mechanism has a first position in which the valve member is held in an open position, and a second position in which said valve member is able to move to the closed position.
- 7. The valve of claim 6 wherein the separation mechanism is inoperable until after movement of the valve release mechanism from the first position to the second position.
- 8. The valve of claim 6 or claim 7 wherein a first actuation mechanism for the closure mechanism includes a valve release shaft which is movable to operate said valve release mechanism.
- 9. The valve of claim 8 wherein, the valve release shaft extends out of the first part o 15 of the valve, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism.
- 10. The valve of claim 8 or claim 9 wherein a valve release shaft is movable to operate said valve release mechanism in the second part.
- 11. The valve of any of claims 6 to 10 wherein said valve release shaft extends out of the second part of the valve, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism in the second part.
- 12. The valve of claim 10 or claim I lwhen dependent on claim 10 wherein a linkage is provided, whereby rotation of the valve release shaft of the first part of the valve causes rotation of the valve release shaft of the second part of the valve.
- 13. The valve of any previous claim further comprising a mechanical stop for selectively preventing operation of the separation mechanism, e.g. to prevent operation of the separation mechanism before actuation of the closure mechanism.
- 14. The valve of any previous claim wherein the separation mechanism includes a clamp for holding the first and second valves together, and a clamp release device which is movable to allow the first and second valves to separate.
- 15. The valve of claim 14 wherein the clamp cannot release until after movement of S the vahe members has been initiated, or until after the valve members have moved to the closed position.
- 16. The valve of claim 14 or claim iS wherein a mechanical stop is provided for restricting movement of the clamp release device, and wherein the mechanical stop has a first position in which the clamp release device is blocked against movement in a clamp release direction, and a second position in which the clamp release device is free for movement in the clamp release direction.
- 17. The valve of claim 16 wherein movement of the mechanical stop from the first C) position to the second position is dependent upon operation of the closure mechanism.
- 18. The valve of claim 16 or claim i7 wherein rotation of a valve release shaft of a o 15 first part of the valve in a valve release direction controls movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second position.
- 19. The valve of any previous claim wherein the closure mechanism is configured to move the first and second valve members independently of each other.
- 20. The valve of any previous claim wherein movement of the second valve member is dependent upon movement of the first valve member, or vice versa, e.g. where the coupling comprises a link member that actuates movement of the second valve upon movement of the first valve.
- 21. The valve of any previous claim wherein the closure mechanism comprises a damper for controlling the closure of the first valve member and/or the second valve member.
- 22. The valve of claim 21 wherein the damper is configured to utilise fluid passing through the valve as a damper medium. e.g. by directing said fluid into a damper chamber having a piston and bleed conduit.
- 23. The valve of claim 22 wherein the damper chamber is formed in a front face the valve member, and the piston is a fixed part onto which the damper chamber is movable.
- 24. The valve of claim 22 or claim 23 wherein the bleed conduit extends to a rear portion of the valve member, such that damper fluid is urged back through the valve member during movement of the valve member from the open position to the closed position.
- 25. The valve of any previous claim wherein the valve forms part of or is in the form of a breakaway coupling having a first body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said first part of the valve) connectable to a first part of a flow line, and a second body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said second part of the valve) connectable to a second part of a flow line.(Y)
- 26. The valve of claim 25 wherein a separable connector is provided for separably connecting the first and second bodies.o 15
- 27. The valve of claim 26 wherein the separable connector comprises a collar that, in the fluid transfer mode, extends circumferentially around an outer region of the first and second bodies.
- 28. The valve of any of claims 25 to 27 wherein the coupling comprises a clamp which, in the fluid transfer mode, clamps the collar around the first and second bodies.
- 29, The valve of claim 28 wherein the separation mechanism comprises a clamp release for releasing the clamp so as to release the collar from around the first and second body.
- 30. The valve of any of claims 25 to 29 wherein the first and second bodies are each formed from two separate housings, which are configured to be united to enclose the respective valve member.
- 31. The valve of any previous claim wherein each valve member serves as a piston movable between an open position (allowing full flow along the flow path) and a closed position (in which flow is shut off) within a chamber.
- 32. The valve of claim 31 wherein the valve member has a sealing surface, and the bore has an abutment surface, wherein, in the closed position, the sealing surface of the vahe member is in sealing abutment with the abutment surface of the chamber.
- 33. The valve of claim 32 wherein the chamber defines an axis of flow and the sealing and abutment surfaces are arranged at an angle to the axis of flow (i.e. not parallel).
- 34. A valve for connection between first and second parts of a fluid flow line, the valve comprising: a housing defining a fluid flow path therethrough; a valve member positioned in the housing; a closure mechanism for moving the valve member between an open position and a closed position for blocking the fluid flow path; wherein the valve has a fluid transfer mode of operation and a closure mode of C') operation, wherein in the fluid transfer mode of operation fluid is able to flow along the flow path through the housing, and wherein in the closure mode of operation the valve seals against flow through the housing. further wherein the closure mechanism comprises a damper (1. H mechanism for controlling movement of the valve member between the open and closed positions.
- 35. The valve of claim 34 wherein the valve forms part of or is in the form of a breakaway couphng.
- 36. The valve of claim 34 or claim 35 wherein the housing comprises a first body (e.g. consisting of or incorporating said first part of the valve of the first aspect of the invention) connectable to a first part of a flow line, and a second body connectable to a second part of a flow line.
- 37. The valve of any of claims 34 to 36 wherein the or each damper mechanism comprises a fluid chamber, a bleed conduit through which fluid can exit the chamber, and a piston received within the chamber, wherein relative movement between the piston and chamber urges damper fluid through the bleed hole.
- 38. The valve of claim 37 wherein the fluid chamber is arranged for communication with the flow path through the valve, so that the fluid passing into the valve provides the damping medium.
- 39. The valve of claim 37 or claim 38 wherein the damper mechanism includes an inlet to the chamber for working fluid to flow into the chamber (e.g. from within the valve).
- 40. The valve of claim 39 wherein the inlet is arranged such that the inlet is blocked after rdative movement between the piston and chamber above a predetermined amount.
- 41. The valve of any of claims 37 to 40 wherein the damper mechanism comprises a mesh or filter between the chamber and the bleed conduit.
- 42. The valve of any of claims 37 to 41 wherein the damper mechanism comprises a C') cap for preventing fluid flow into the damper chamber via the bleed conduit.CD
- 43. The valve of any of claims 37 to 42 wherein relative movement between the 0 15 damper piston and the damper chamber is brought about by movement of the valve member from an open position to a closed position.
- 44. The valve of any of claims 37 to 43 wherein the damper chamber is formed in a front face of the valve member, and the piston is a fixed part within the valve chamber.
- 45. The valve of any of claims 37 to 44 wherein the bleed conduit extends to a rear portion of the valve member, such that damper fluid is urged back through the valve member during movement of the valve member from the open position to the closed position.
- 46. The valve of claim 45 wherein a spring is arranged to urge the valve member towards the closed position.
- 47. The valve of any of claims 34 to 46 wherein each valve member serves as a piston movable between an open position, allowing full flow along the flow path, and a closed position, in which flow is shut off, within a chamber.
- 48. The valve of claim 47 wherein the valve member has a sealing surface, and the chamber has an abutment surface, wherein, in the closed position, the sealing sm-face of the valve member is in sealing abutment with the abutment surface of the chamber.
- 49. The valve of claim 48 wherein the chamber defines an axis of flow and the sealing and abutment surfaces are arranged at an angle to the axis of flow (i.e. not parallel).
- 50. The valve of claim 48 or claim 49 wherein the valve member includes a radial sealing surface.
- 51. The valve of any of claims 48 to 50 wherein the chamber includes a radial abutment surface.
- 52. A coupling for use in a flow line, the coupling comprising: a housing having a first end for connection to a first part of a flow line and a second end for connection to a second part of a flow line, wherein the housing defines a flow path between the first and second ends (e.g. for arrangement of the coupling in o 15 series in the flow line), wherein the housing comprises first and second bodies, wherein a first valve member is arranged in the first body and a second valve member is arranged in the second body, and wherein the first valve member is operable to shut off flow from the first body and the second valve is operable to shut off flow from the second body; wherein the coupling further comprises: a separable connector for separably connecting the first and second bodies together, and a separation mechanism for separating the separable connector; wherein the separable connector includes a clamp operable to hold the first and second bodies together, and wherein the separation mechanism includes a clamp release device having a release member movable from a first position to a second position, to permit to release of the clamp.
- 53. The coupling of claim 52 wherein an actuator is provided for moving the release member from the first position to the second position.
- 54. The coupling of claim 52 or claim 53 wherein the coupling includes a mechanical stop for selectively preventing operation of the separation mechanism, e.g. to prevent movement of the release member.
- 55. The coupling of claim 54 wherein the mechanical stop has a first position in which the clamp release device is Nocked against movement in a damp release direction, and a second position in which the clamp release device is free for movement in the clamp release direction.
- 56. The coupling of claim 55 wherein movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second position is dependent upon operation of a closure mechanism for activating closure of the valve members.
- 57. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 56 wherein the first and second valve members have an open position and a closed position, wherein in the closed position a fluid flow path of the respective first and/or second body is blocked (e.g. closed off) and in the open position a fluid flow path of the respective first and/or second body is unblocked (e.g. open to full flow).
- 58. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 57 wherein a closure mechanism is 04 configured to move the first and second valve members independently of each other.
- 59. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 59 wherein the closure mechanism is configured to move the first and second valve members in a single movement.
- 60. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 59 wherein movement of the second valve member is dependent upon movement of the first valve member, or vice versa, e.g. the coupling may comprise a link member that actuates movement of the second valve upon movement of the first valve.
- 61. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 60 wherein a spring biased catch mechanism, e.g. a ball catch mechanism, is provided to retain the clamp members together in the absence of movement of the release member from the first position to the second position.
- 62. The coupling of claim 61 wherein the catch mechanism includes a pin which is movable to overcome a catch force and release the clamp members upon movement of the release member from the first position to the second position.
- 63. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 62 wherein the clamp cannot release until movement of the valve members has been initiated to shut off flow, or until after the valve members have moved to a closed position in which the respective bodies are sealed against through flow.
- 64. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 63 wherein a va've release shaft is movaNe to operate a valve release mechanism for the first valve member.
- 65. The coupling of claim 64 wherein said valve release shaft extends out of the coupling, and is configured for rotation to operate the valve release mechanism.
- 66. The coupling of claim 64 or claim 65 when dependent on claim 54 wherein rotation of a valve release shaft of the first valve member in a valve release direction controls movement of the mechanical stop from the first position to the second o 15 position.
- 67. The coupling of any of claims 64 to 66 wherein the valve release shaft is movable to operate a valve release mechanism for the first valve member.
- 68. The coupling of any of claims 64 to 67 wherein a valve release shaft is movable to operate a valve release mechanism for the second valve member.
- 69. The coupling of claim 68 wherein rotation of a valve release shaft of the second valve member in a valve release direction operates a valve release mechanism for the second valve member.
- 70. The coupling of claim 68 or claim 69 wherein a linkage is provided, whereby rotation of the valve release shaft of the first valve member causes rotation of the valve release shaft of the second valve member.
- 71. The coupling of claim 70 wherein the linkage may comprise a two part link member configured so that the two parts of the link member separate after release of the clamp.
- 72. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 71 wherein the clamp release device comprises one or more biasing members (e.g. one or more springs) alTanged to urge the damp members away from one another.
- 73. The coupling of claim 72 wherein the springs act on a plate arranged between the damp members.
- 74. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 73 wherein the separable connector comprises a collar configured to extend circumferentially around an outer region of the first and second bodies, and said clamp is arranged for clamping the collar in position.
- 75. The coupling of any of claims 52 to 74 wherein an outer surface of the first body defines a radially extending flange, and the outer surface of the second body defines a colTesponding flange.C')
- 76. The coupling of claim 75 wherein the collar and clamp cooperate to separably hold the flanges in abutment with one another, the coupling being configured so that o 15 the internal components of the coupling are sealingly enclosed within the housing when the flanges are held in abutment with one another.
- 77. The coupling of any of claims 74 to 76 wherein the collar comprises linkages of pivotably connected members, configured to enable the collar to pivot away from the coupling bodies when the clamp is released.
- 78, The coupling of any of claims 52 to 77 wherein the actuator comprises a breakable connection that permits the clamp to be separated from the actuator after release. e.g. the actuator comprises a cable.
- 79. The coupling of claim 78 wherein a breakable connection is formed on the cable and configured to fracture once separation of the clamp has at least been initiated.
- 80. The coupling of claim 78 or claim 79 wherein the breakable connection comprises a shear pin.
- 81. A coupling for connection between first and second parts of a fluid flow line (e.g. a hose and a terminal), the coupling comprising: a housing defining a fluid flow path therethrough; a valve member movable along a first axis between an open position and a closed position for shutting off the flow path; a biasing member for biasing the valve member towards the closed position; and a valve control mechanism, wherein the valve control mechanism is configured for holding the valve member in the open position and selectively releasing the valve member from the open position.further wherein the valve control mechanism comprises a clamping member for holding the valve member in the open position and a release mechanism for selectively releasing the clamping member so as to release the valve member to move to the closed position, wherein the release mechanism is configured for rotation about C') 15 the axis of movement of the valve member.CD
- 82. The coupling of claim 81 wherein the valve control mechanism comprises a 0 clutch, e.g. a ball clutch. (N(\.j
- 83. The coupling of claim 82 wherein the clamping member comprises a series of balls.
- 84. The coupling of claim 83 wherein the release mechanism comprises a collar having a series of pockets dimensioned to receive a portion of the balls when the clamping member is released.
- 85. The coupling of claim 84 wherein each pocket comprises a spherical segment for receiving a portion of one of the series of balls and a ramp for directing one of the series of balls into the spherical segment of the pocket.
- 86. The coupling of any of claims 83 to 85 wherein the clamping member comprises a plurality of spacers positioned between the series of balls so as to limit movement of the balls until release of the clamping member.
- 87. The coupling of claim 81 to 86 wherein the valve comprises an actuator rotatable to rotate the release mechanism.
- 88. The coupling of claim 87 wherein the actuator comprises a torsional resistance anangernent to prevent rotation of the release mechanism below a predetermined torque.
- 89. The coupling of claim 88 wherein the torsional resistance arrangement comprises a torsion spring.
- 90. The coupling of any of claims 81 to 89 wherein the valve comprises a shaft extending out of the coupling housing.
- 91. The coupling of claim 90 wherein a swivel joint is provided between the shaft and the rotary rdease.CV)
- 92. The coupling of claim 90 or claim 91 wherein ajoint of the shaft to the release mechanism is configured such that rotation of the shaft causes rotation of the rdease CO mechanism.
- 93. The coupling of any of claims 81 to 92 wherein the biasing member is a spring.
- 94. The coupling of any of claims 81 to 93 wherein the coupling comprises a breakaway coupling (i.e. having first and second separable parts, each with a movable valve member), a separable connector provided for holding the separable parts of the coupling together (e.g. to allow fluid flow through the valve in a fluid transfer mode of operation).
- 95. The coupling of claim 94 wherein the separable connector is operable to allow the separable parts of the valve to separate under operation of a separation mechanism, e.g. after movement of the valve members to their closed position.
- 96. A coupling for use in a flow line, the coupling comprising: a housing having a first end for connection to a first part of a flow line and a second end for connection to a second part of a flow line, wherein the housing defines a flow path between the first and second ends (e.g. for arrangement of the coupling in series in the flow line), wherein the housing comprises first and second bodies, wherein a first valve member is arranged in the first body and a second valve member is arranged in the second body, and wherein the first valve member is operable to shut off flow from the first body and the second valve is operable to shut off flow from the second body, and wherein the first body comprises two separate parts connected to one another to enclose the first valve member and the second body comprises two separate parts connected to one another to enclose the second valve member.
- 97. A valve substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
- 98. A coupling substantia'ly as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings. C') (1
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1520089.2A GB2536524B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Couplings and valves |
GB1306545.3A GB2514996B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Breakaway coupling |
PCT/GB2014/051130 WO2014167343A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Couplings and valves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1306545.3A GB2514996B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Breakaway coupling |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201306545D0 GB201306545D0 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
GB2514996A true GB2514996A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
GB2514996B GB2514996B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
Family
ID=48483715
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1520089.2A Expired - Fee Related GB2536524B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Couplings and valves |
GB1306545.3A Expired - Fee Related GB2514996B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Breakaway coupling |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1520089.2A Expired - Fee Related GB2536524B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Couplings and valves |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (2) | GB2536524B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014167343A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2538064B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-04-18 | Self Energising Coupling Co Ltd | Improved coupling and method thereof |
GB2554692B (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-09-26 | Gall Thomson Environmental Ltd | Pipeline coupling with mechanically driven actuation mechanism |
EP3850259B1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2023-12-06 | Emco Wheaton GmbH | Emergency release system and method of releasing thereof |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5186202A (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1993-02-16 | Meisenheimer Jr Daniel T | Trigger means for self-closing breakaway valve assemblies |
US5826610A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1998-10-27 | Vita International, Inc. | Breakaway coupling device |
US6672327B1 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2004-01-06 | Hiltap Fittings, Ltd. | Dry break valve assembly |
GB2391051A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-01-28 | Klaw Products Ltd | Pipeline Breakaway Coupling |
EP2000730A2 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-10 | KLAW Products Limited | A pipeline breakaway coupling |
WO2013078043A1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-30 | Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. | Ball and socket breakaway connector |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1118721A (en) * | 1963-06-19 | 1968-07-03 | British Petroleum Co | Coupling device for hoses, pipes, and conduits |
US4465096A (en) * | 1981-07-01 | 1984-08-14 | Alpha Couplings, Inc. | Fluid valve coupling |
DE3602775A1 (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-08-20 | Pfannenschmidt Erhard | Coupling for connecting a fixed pipe or the like to a movable pipe or hose |
DE3704159A1 (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-08-25 | Aeroquip Gmbh | QUICK RELEASE COUPLING FOR PARTICULAR HYDRAULIC LINES |
IT1239882B (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1993-11-15 | Rosa Romano | EMERGENCY INTERCEPTION DEVICE |
IT1294719B1 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-04-12 | Giorgio Bormioli | FITTING FOR PIPES EQUIPPED WITH TWO BALL VALVES, ONE OF WHICH WITH CONCAVITY, ACTIVATED IN SUCCESSION AND COUPLING MEANS WITH |
ITMI20051663A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-10 | Lorenzo Bormioli | SAFETY DEVICE TO CARRY OUT THE VALVE CLOSURE AND THE OPENING OF THE RELEASE DEVICE IN A PIPE CONNECTOR OPERATING IN DANGER CONDITIONS |
US8746271B2 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2014-06-10 | Leanvent Aps | Flow control valve |
US8186393B2 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-05-29 | Deere & Company | Fluid coupler including valve arrangement for connecting intake conduit of sprayer to transfer conduit of nurse tank during refill operation |
US20130049353A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2013-02-28 | Ajit Ghandi | Breakaway hose coupling |
-
2013
- 2013-04-10 GB GB1520089.2A patent/GB2536524B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-10 GB GB1306545.3A patent/GB2514996B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-04-10 WO PCT/GB2014/051130 patent/WO2014167343A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5186202A (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1993-02-16 | Meisenheimer Jr Daniel T | Trigger means for self-closing breakaway valve assemblies |
US5826610A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1998-10-27 | Vita International, Inc. | Breakaway coupling device |
US6672327B1 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2004-01-06 | Hiltap Fittings, Ltd. | Dry break valve assembly |
GB2391051A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-01-28 | Klaw Products Ltd | Pipeline Breakaway Coupling |
EP2000730A2 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-10 | KLAW Products Limited | A pipeline breakaway coupling |
WO2013078043A1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-30 | Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. | Ball and socket breakaway connector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2514996B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
GB201306545D0 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
GB2536524B (en) | 2017-10-04 |
WO2014167343A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
GB2536524A (en) | 2016-09-21 |
GB201520089D0 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5758682A (en) | Safety shut off valve | |
CA3065720C (en) | Low emission fluid transfer device | |
US7909365B2 (en) | Fluid system coupling with handle actuating member | |
US5429155A (en) | Cryogenic fluid coupling | |
US4361165A (en) | Breakaway pipe coupling with automatically closed valves | |
KR101861790B1 (en) | Coupling for connecting fluid-conducting lines | |
EP2215393B1 (en) | Connector with an integrated quick/connect disconnect and emergency release system | |
US4099551A (en) | Thermal-manual control valve | |
DK2632790T3 (en) | Connecting device with locking modules which can be released | |
US7578308B2 (en) | Emergency shutoff valve for use in a fuel dispensing system | |
WO1984002171A1 (en) | Break-away coupling for hoselines | |
GB2514996A (en) | Couplings and valves | |
US5887619A (en) | Dry disconnect coupling assembly | |
US7264014B2 (en) | Safety system hose | |
US11346484B2 (en) | Disconnectable fluid coupling | |
EP3011217B1 (en) | High-pressure fluid conduit | |
KR20200057325A (en) | Emergency release coupling | |
US12055248B2 (en) | Securing device | |
RU2779806C1 (en) | Emergency disconnection drive coupling | |
KR102546235B1 (en) | Safety apparatus of valve | |
EP3879145B1 (en) | Valve component | |
EP3601866B1 (en) | Valve assembly for use in a fluid conduit | |
EP0566287A1 (en) | A quick release connection device | |
CN104285090B (en) | For the rapid connector that the pipeline guiding fluid is engaged with each other | |
CA2219178A1 (en) | Automatically releasable shut-off coupling |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20200410 |
|
S28 | Restoration of ceased patents (sect. 28/pat. act 1977) |
Free format text: APPLICATION FILED |
|
S28 | Restoration of ceased patents (sect. 28/pat. act 1977) |
Free format text: RESTORATION ALLOWED Effective date: 20210519 |
|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20230410 |