RU2779806C1 - Emergency disconnection drive coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: piping equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a system of emergency shutdown and disconnection as part of standpipes, feeding, loading, reloading hoses, articulated pipelines and manipulators, in refueling installations. The emergency disconnection drive coupling contains two actuators, two sections with flanges and a clamp divided into two half-rings, where each section contains a rotary type locking device that has a rod and a mounting surface of the yoke assembly, and the flanges of the first and second sections closest to each other have a beveled edge to cover the half-rings of the clamp. The first half-ring has a housing, a bursting lock, at least two plates, at least one cable, a spring with a gasket, a tension cam with a hole and a rod that has a hole for the axle. The second half-ring has a housing, an axle, at least two plates, at least one cable, a spring with a gasket, a tension cam, an opening rod with a stop-cam at the end, and the bursting lock has a fork with a safety pin, and two actuators are placed on at least one mounting bracket fixed to the flanges and mounting surfaces the upper section. The first actuator includes: a drive, a tip with a hole for the roller, two parallel rods, at least one lock for spontaneous rotation of the locking device, at least two sensors and two rocker arms with a position indicator and a bearing support with grooves for the lock. The second actuator consists of the first and second stop-guides, at least one sensor, a drive connected to a disconnecting cam having at least one cone-shaped protrusion.

EFFECT: invention provides a guaranteed separation of pipelines with a preliminary hermetic overlap of its two sides.

17 cl, 10 dwg

Description

Technical field

This technical solution relates to the field of pipeline transportation of oil, petroleum products, liquid chemical products, liquefied natural gas (LNG), gas condensate and other liquid, gaseous (including boil-off gas) and flowing products (hereinafter referred to as the transported product) and concerns systems for emergency emergency shutdown and disconnection as part of loaders, loading, loading, reloading hoses, articulated pipelines and manipulators, loading arms for use at oil, chemical, gas terminals of sea and river ports, at sea between watercraft, in installations for draining and loading railway tanks and tank trucks, hose loading units, bunkering units for refueling sea and river vessels, space rocket refueling units.

State of the art

It is known from the prior art that the "Emergency Release Clutch" (ERC Clutch): A structure consisting of two locking devices and a hydraulically actuated mechanical release is the actuating part of the emergency release system. (standard, STO Gazprom 2-3.4-1255-2021 "Infrastructure for the production, storage and shipment of liquefied natural gas. Stender equipment. General specifications.").

It is also known that in accordance with OSIMF "International Maritime Forum of Oil Companies" "Design and construction specification MARINE STENDERS", ISO 16904:2016 "Oil and gas industry - Design and testing of offshore LNG transfer arms for conventional onshore terminals", STO Gazprom 2 -3.4-1255-2021 "Infrastructure for the production, storage and shipment of liquefied natural gas. Stender equipment. General Specifications" emergency disconnect drive clutch (hereinafter PMAR) is considered as a separate key element of the equipment design (stenders, reloading sleeves, hose installations), for which there are special requirements for operation, a set of calculations, as well as test requirements and evaluation criteria passing tests. In particular, PMAR locking devices must be fire-resistant in accordance with GOST 33856‒2016 (ISO 10497), and must also be mechanically or hydraulically interlocked. All clutch drives must be fire resistant. PMAR allows minimal leakage of the transported product located in the zone of separation of the coupling between two closed locking devices.

A connecting device for pipelines is known (patent US4335747A dated October 26, 1979, IPC class F16K35/14; F16K5/06; F16L29/00; F16L29/04), containing a female connecting element having an axial hole at one end and a male connecting element adapted for inserts into the axial hole of the female connecting element. The first ball valve assembly has a body adapted to fit at one end of the female connector and formed at the other end with a flat mating surface. The housing contains a spherical valve element with a diametrically passing through hole. A hole is made on the mating surface of the body, through which a part of the valve element protrudes. A second ball valve assembly is mounted on the male connecting element, which is similar in design to the first ball valve assembly, except that the spherical valve element does not protrude beyond the mating surface, but has a partially spherical recess for receiving the protruding part of the valve element in the first ball valve assembly.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that, in accordance with the features of its design, pipelines and connecting elements are first filled with gas, and then the valve elements are closed. Thereafter, the first and second ball valve means are connected together by engaging the first and second mating surfaces. Thus, this technical solution is not applicable for technological processes with one-sided supply of the transported product. In addition, the disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of automated drives for turning the ball valves, the rotation and, accordingly, the opening and closing of the ball valves is done manually, and there is no possibility of emergency disconnection, since the mating surface (flanges) are bolted together. This connecting device closes the channel, but is not intended for emergency shutdown and disconnection, since, in accordance with the description, it is used to connect pipelines in a hermetic seal while excluding the ingress of external gases.

Another connection with two ball valves is known, which provides emergency disconnection, excluding leakage (patent RU2121102C1 dated 05.01.1994, IPC class F16L37/30; F16L37/33; F16L55/10). The connection refers to an emergency disconnect hydraulic connector designed to connect two fluid transport elements, each of which is equipped with a ball valve, containing first and second fluid transport elements, each of which has an open end; first and second rotary ball valves located at the open ends of the first and second fluid transport members, respectively; a tightening means for holding the first and second fluid transport members connected to each other; a release means for selectively disconnecting the first and second fluid transport members only when the first and second ball valves are in the closed position.

The disadvantage of this connection is that the connecting elements 98, 100, 102, 104 forming a closed loop, designed to connect together the two ends 12, 14 of pipes using mating flanges 24, 26 with bevelled edges 25, 27 and a groove 103 enclosing them, which has reciprocal inclined sides 105, which are part of the connecting element 98, are tensioned only using a fixed toggle mechanism that does not take into account temperature and other expansions of the female flanges and does not have additional tensioners that ensure the tightness of the connection for any given parameters of the transported product and the external operating environment and is fixed only using a shear pin 109. Thus, in case of wear of the beveled edges 25 and 27 and the mating inclined sides 105 or other deformations, the tightness of the connection will be compromised. There is no possibility to tighten the closed loop of the above connecting elements due to the lack of additional tensioners.

The pusher 62, in contact with the impact surface 118, causes the elongated rod 102 to rotate around the axis 112 in the direction from the toggle mechanism 104, and after cutting the shear font 109, the elongated rod continues to rotate around the axis 112 and the toggle mechanism 104 rotates around the axis 110, increasing the actual circumference of the connected elements 98, 100, 102, 104. An increase in the circumference of the connected elements 98, 100, 102, 104 leads to the release of the flanges 24, 26 and the separation of the pipes 12, 14. However, in practice, not a circle is obtained, but an oval with a large radius at the point of the axis 114, and thus the opposing connectors 98 continue to hold the flanges 24 and 26 without the possibility of emergency shutdown and disconnection of pipelines, which can lead to an accident and environmental disasters. Connecting elements 98 may remain in place due to the effect of sticking, ingress of sea water, dirt, and also due to freezing. The connecting elements do not have additional repelling springs and other devices that allow disconnecting the connecting element 98 from the flanges.

Known emergency shutdown system (patent RU2390684C2 dated 09.08.2005, IPC class F16L29/00, F15B15/16) designed for emergency shutdown, in particular, hoses when pumping fluid. The system contains valves with controlled opening, an actuator equipped with a single rod and uniaxial kinematics, while the movement of the rod in the first part of the stroke closes two valves, and in the second part of the stroke opens the clamp, while the actuator contains means that ensure the movement of the rod in two parts stroke and controlled independently in each part of the stroke, while these means act coaxially or almost coaxially. The said means for ensuring the movement of the rod themselves contain a two-stage hydraulic cylinder equipped with a second hydraulic cylinder providing an additional stroke, each of the said hydraulic cylinders is equipped with a piston and contains three control holes for controlling the movement of the pistons and, accordingly, the rod, one for both hydraulic cylinders, and one hole serves to close the valves, another hole is used to open the clamp, and the third hole is used to completely remove the hydraulic cylinder rod and re-open the valves. The specified technical solution is taken as a prototype.

In fact, this technical solution is an improved technical solution of the above-mentioned connection with two ball valves (patent RU2121102C1 dated 01/05/1994). Both technical solutions have the same patent holder. In this technical solution, the above disadvantages of the technical solution of patent RU2121102C1 are partially eliminated, namely, the clamp is divided into two sectors connected by rods. Said yoke contains elastic means (made in the form of round elastic washers) placed between the sectors and the valve body to ensure full opening of the yoke. At the same time, in this technical solution, they abandoned the use of sequential closing of ball valves, where the ball valve is the first to turn, having a recess for the second ball valve, which eliminates leakage, and switched to the option of using parallel-closing valves with parallel rods 103 and 203 and, judging by the image of the body in fig. 2, 3, 4, ball valves are used in this technical solution.

At the same time, the technical solution for the valves is set out in another patent (RU2543919C2 dated 06/29/2010, IPC class F16K1 / 24, F16K5 / 06, F16L29 / 02) of the same patent holder, which deals with the “Subturator valve for a connecting device for pipes”. The connecting ends 15 (see Fig.4 and 5 of the patent RU2543919C2 dated 06/29/2010) of each valve have flanges with bevelled edges (see Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) for mounting the clamp. The description of the obturator valve is based on the use of spherical (ball) valves, but it is also mentioned that the obturator may be in the form of a disk. By the solution of the obturator valve, the authors of the invention try to minimize the residual of the transported product in the zone of connection / separation of pipelines between the first and second valve (shutter).

The disadvantage of this emergency shutdown system is the use of one actuator 400, specified in paragraph 3 of the formula, as a two-stage hydraulic cylinder, equipped with a second hydraulic cylinder, providing several tasks in sequence. Failure of one of the pistons, seal or other assembly of a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder will make it impossible to perform all functions during an emergency shutdown, which significantly reduces the reliability of the emergency shutdown system. Considering that, in accordance with regulatory and technical requirements *, the actuators used in such devices or systems must be fire-resistant, the production of such multistage hydraulic cylinders will be very expensive. Considering the possible fire impact and, accordingly, different heating of the outer casing and inner casings, rods, hydraulic fluid in the circuits of multistage hydraulic cylinders, all this can lead to a lack of proper sequential operation of the actuators.

Two sectors of the clamp 300 have large dimensions, which affects the labor intensity and metal consumption during production, and the round elastic washers installed in each sector of the clamp, when frozen with ice, are not able to perform their function of opening the clamp and thus disconnect one pipeline with the valve body from another pipeline with shutter. There are no additional devices for forced opening of the clamp sectors and separation of the valve bodies, as well as mechanical blocking of the valves from spontaneous opening or closing in the system. Thus, sticking, icing of the collar and its elastic washers can lead to serious accidents due to the fact that the collar remains on the beveled edges of the flanges of the valve bodies.

The use of shutters (shutter valves) in the emergency shutdown system with pusher rods 40 located flush with the connecting end 15 (a flange with beveled edges for the clamp of the emergency shutdown system, see figures 4 and 5 of patent RU2543919C2 dated 06/29/2010) of the valve does not provide complete the tightness of the system in relation to the external environment, since in the event of separation of two pipelines, the push rods 40 will begin to go beyond the connecting ends 15 and the spherical valve will lower (move to the edge of the connecting ends 15 of the valve), that is, one action occurs in parallel with the other, and this means that if the transported product is between two closed valves that move towards each other, the product will be pushed out of the valve, which leads to unsafe and environmental consequences. Thus, the well-known technical solution does not reduce the output of the transported product, which is allowed by the current regulatory and technical requirements. The presence of a large number of seals in the known technical solution, tubular ends, push rods, springs and other structural elements makes the valve difficult with unpredictable behavior of internal moving parts (rods) when heated or negative, including cryogenic temperatures. Taking into account the presence on the market of other valves for connecting pipelines, produced in series, the production of obturator valves is displaced for special individual tasks, in particular for an emergency shutdown system as part of specialized equipment manufactured by one manufacturer, who is the patent holder according to the above known technical solutions. Taking into account the requirements for fire resistance and exclusivity, limited production of shutters (shutter valves), all this leads to an increase in the cost of the emergency shutdown system and, consequently, all the equipment in which this system is located.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to develop a new emergency disconnect drive clutch for use in the design of standers, loading, loading, reloading sleeves (levers), articulated pipelines and manipulators and other loading and unloading installations for the safe and environmentally responsible shipment of oil, oil products, liquid chemical products, liquefied natural gas (LNG), gas condensate and other liquid and gaseous (including boil-off gas) products that meet regulatory and technical requirements*, including fire resistance, capable of reliably disconnecting the pipeline in emergency situations with a preliminary tight shut-off it from both sides. The locking devices used in the claimed technical solution must be replaceable, easy to operate with the possibility of replacing worn elements, and also hydraulically or mechanically interlocked. The clamp must provide a tight connection of the emergency coupling with the possibility of adjusting the tightening force of the clamp and is guaranteed to disconnect the pipeline in emergency situations, while the clamp must have its own release mechanism, and the emergency disconnect drive coupling must have the main release mechanism of the clamp. Actuators for closing the valves and disconnecting the clamp must not depend on each other and must ensure the operability of the emergency clutch at high and low operating temperatures, icing and cryogenic product temperatures (CNG). The emergency disconnect drive clutch must have valves and clamp position sensors: open / closed, have a minimum working size in the axis and simplified labor intensity in production and operation through the use of standard serial equipment.

Disclosure of the essence of the technical solution

The technical solution of the above problem is solved by developing an emergency disconnect drive clutch containing two actuators, two sections with flanges and a clamp divided into two half rings, where each section contains a rotary-type locking device that has a stem and a mounting surface of the yoke assembly, and the flanges of the first and second sections closest to each other have a bevelled edge to be covered by the half rings of the clamp, while the first half ring has a body, a burst lock, at least two plates, at least one cable, a spring with a gasket, a tension cam with a hole and a rod that has a hole for the axle, and the second half ring has a body, axle, at least two plates, at least one cable, a spring with a gasket, a tension cam, an opening rod with a stop-cam at the end, and a burst lock has a fork with a safety pin, and two actuating mechanism are placed on at least one mounting bracket, fixed on the flanges and mounting x surfaces of the upper section, where the first actuator includes: a drive, a tip with a hole for a roller, two parallel rods, at least one blocker, at least two sensors and two rocker arms with a position indicator and a bearing support with grooves for the blocker, and the second the actuating mechanism consists of the first and second stop-guides, at least one sensor, the drive connected to the disengaging cam, having at least one cone-shaped protrusion. The specified technical solution ensures the use of an emergency disconnect drive clutch as part of loaders, loading, loading, reloading sleeves (levers), articulated pipelines and manipulators and other loading and unloading installations for safe and environmentally responsible shipment of the transported product. Provides in emergency, emergency situations guaranteed separation of pipelines with a preliminary hermetic overlap of it on both sides. Used in the claimed technical solution, the locking devices are mechanically interlocked, are replaceable, easy to operate and have the ability to replace worn items. The clamp provides a tight connection of the coupling flanges with the possibility of adjusting the tightening force of the clamp and guaranteed separation of the pipeline in emergency situations. The actuator provides disconnection of the main disconnecting mechanism of the clamp with the removal of the half rings of the clamp from the flanges, and the presence of a spring in each half ring of the clamp provides additional release of the flanges. Actuator drives are independent of each other. The emergency disconnect drive clutch has a minimum working dimension in the axis and simplified labor intensity in production and operation due to the use of standard serial equipment.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where each section is formed by a collapsible body of a flange connection, consisting of at least two parts and a ball locking device of a rotary type. The specified technical solution ensures the simplicity of the design used, where the body of the ball locking device, in fact, is a section of the emergency disconnect drive clutch, and the flange connections serve as a support for the mounting brackets, while providing the possibility of repairing the locking device and replacing the seals.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where for locking devices of a rotary type of serial production, the flange is refined during the manufacture of the locking device or during the production of the emergency release drive clutch until the bevelled edge of the flange is reached. The specified technical solution makes it possible to use serial locking devices of a rotary type on a par with individual locking devices that already have a bevelled edge of the flange, which significantly reduces the cost of production of an emergency disconnect drive clutch.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where each section is formed by a housing with a rotary-type disc locking device installed between the flanged nozzles. The specified technical solution provides the possibility of using not only ball locking devices, but also alternative disk locking devices of a rotary type, without reducing the degree of task of the assembly, while the connection of the body of the disk locking device between two flange pipes forms a section with the possibility of repair and replacement of parts and seals.

A variant of a technical solution is possible, where the connection of two half-rings on one side is provided by an axis, and on the other side by a burst lock and forms a clamp. The specified technical solution provides the opening of the clamp in two directions in the same plane with mobility around the axis, and also provides a simple assembly of the clamp during operation of the equipment.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the body of each half-ring has at least three internal planes, and a leaf spring with a gasket is installed in the middle plane, and the other two planes are located at an angle corresponding to the bevel edge of the flange of the first and second sections. The specified technical solution provides a hermetic connection of two flanges with beveled edges of the first and second sections, and the energy of the spring ensures the removal of the semi-rings from the flanges and the separation of the sections of the emergency disconnect drive clutch, while the gasket prevents freezing and sticking of the spring to the body of the semi-rings or to the flanges.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where two plates are installed at each end of the half-ring body parallel to each other, covering the half-ring body from two sides, forming a fixed connection in one plane, while each plate has a protrusion. The specified technical solution provides a reduction in the dimensions and weight of the semi-rings, and also reduces the metal consumption and labor intensity in production.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where parallel plates located diagonally from each other on the clamp of each half ring are fixedly connected by the protrusion of the plate with the tensioning cam, through the hole of which it passes, for the first clamp - a rod with a hole for the axle, and in the case of the second clamp - an opening rod , wherein each of the rods has a thread at the end, a washer with an emphasis on the tension cam and at least one nut. The specified technical solution provides ease of assembly and rigid construction of the half rings, as well as the ability to adjust the tightening of the clamp on both sides.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where an axis passes through the protrusion of parallel plates located at the ends of the half-rings of the clamp closest to each other, connecting the two half-rings through the rod with the hole. The specified technical solution ensures the mobility of two half-rings in the same plane relative to each other.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the protrusion of parallel plates located on the same half-ring and diagonally to the axis of the clamp holds the fork with a safety pin, which is part of the burst lock, into which the opening rod is inserted with the stop-cam placed in the groove of the fork in tightness. The specified technical solution provides ease of assembling the half-rings into a clamp, tightening the clamp and tight connection of the flanges of two sections, as well as disconnecting the clamp in case of an emergency and releasing the section flanges.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the stop-cam has a degree of mobility around its axis, while the opening rod, stop-cam and half rings, when the clamp is opened, are separated perpendicular to the plane relative to the working axis of the rotary type locking device and are held by cables. The specified technical solution provides the opening of the clamp away from the drive coupling and the pipeline, and the cable ensures the retention of the half rings of the clamp from falling and colliding with each other or with actuators.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the first actuator, by the translational movement of the drive, sets in motion a tip with a hole into which the rocker arm roller of the first section is inserted, which is connected by parallel rods to the rocker arm of the second section, while the parallel rods are adjustable in length, the attachment lugs with the rocker arm of the first section and a "U" shaped groove of an inverted form of fastening with a rocker arm of the second section, provides simultaneous rotation of the stem of each rotary type locking device inserted into the bearing support, which is rigidly fixed on the mounting surface of the yoke assembly of the rotary type locking device on one side, and connected on the other with its own rocker, on which there is an indicator of the position of the locking device of the rotary type open or closed. The specified technical solution provides a blocked identical position of the locking devices: open or closed, provides simultaneous closing of the locking devices, removes the load from the stem of the locking device, has visual indicators of the positions of the locking devices, and the "U" shaped groove provides unhindered disconnection of the actuator of the first and second sections.

A variant of a technical solution is possible, where at least one rocker arm can have reading surfaces for position sensors of the rotary type locking device open or closed and at least one rocker arm can have a spontaneous rotation blocker, while the sensors are mounted on a bracket with fastening to the rotary type locking device, and the spontaneous rotation blocker has two grooves on the bearing support, corresponding to the position of the rotary type locking device open or closed. The specified technical solution provides not only visual, but also remote electronic control of the positions of the locking devices using sensors, also giving a signal about the possibility of operation of the second actuator, while the blocker does not allow the locking devices to rotate in the other direction under the action of the flow of the transported product or open in case of an emergency. separation.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the second actuator, by moving the drive towards itself, pulls the disconnecting cam along the first and second stop-guides, the cone-shaped protrusion of which pushes the opening rod out of the fork, cutting off the safety pin and disconnecting the clamp lock, while the sensor is mounted on the mounting bracket indicates the position of the clamp open or closed. The specified technical solution provides the main separation of the clamp with the extension of the half-rings to the side and the release of the flanges of the first and second sections, while the sensor gives a signal about the position of the clamp.

A variant of a technical solution is possible, where the mounting bracket, the characteristics of which, including, but not limited to: the number of brackets, their shape, stiffeners, consoles, holes, dimensions, number of mounts and supports, installation location, are determined and calculated individually based on the loads that occur during the operation of actuators, the diameter of the locking device of the rotary type and the current regulatory and technical requirements. The specified technical solution ensures reliable fastening of the actuators, the clamp on the clutch sections and ensures the operability of the entire drive clutch. At the same time, depending on the characteristics, operating conditions and convenience, the mounting bracket can be changed.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the second stop-guide is mounted on the second section in the same plane and coaxially with the first stop-guide. The specified technical solution ensures the normal operation of the disconnecting cam, distributing the resulting loads on the sections and, accordingly, unhindered disconnection of one section from another.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where the drive can be hydraulic or pneumatic, or electric. The specified technical solution provides the possibility of using alternative drives of actuators, depending on the situation.

Brief list of drawings

In Fig.1. shows an emergency disconnect drive clutch (hereinafter referred to as PMAR) with two ball (option 1) locking devices of a rotary type of fire-resistant design;

In Fig.2. PMAR is shown with two disk (option 2) locking devices of a rotary type of fire-resistant design;

In FIG. 3 shows an example of mounting brackets and actuators on the first section of the PMAR;

In FIG. 4. shows a section of the yoke assembly and the rod with the bearing support of the first section of the PMAR installed;

In FIG. 5. the blocker of spontaneous rotation of the second section of the PMAR is shown;

In FIG. 6. shows a section of the disconnecting cam and the connection unit of the first and second sections of the PMAR;

In FIG. 7. shows a clamp with a burst lock assembly;

In FIG. 8. shows a section with a view of the clamp body profile;

In FIG. 9. depicts a flanged pipe with a beveled edge of the flange for mounting the clamp;

In FIG. 10. depicts a flanged pipe.

Pos. 1. - ball locking device of the rotary type of the first section of the PMAR;

Pos. 2. - ball locking device of the rotary type of the second section of the PMAR;

Pos. 3. - disk locking device of rotary type of the first section PMAR;

Pos. 4. - disk locking device of rotary type of the second section PMAR;

Pos. 5. - the first section of the PMAR;

Pos. 6. - the second section of the PMAR;

Pos. 7. - a collapsible body of a spherical locking device of a rotary type;

Pos. 8. - roller;

Pos. 15. - drive (hydraulic cylinder) of the first actuator;

Pos. 16. - drive (hydraulic cylinder) of the second actuator;

Pos. 17. - rocker of the first section;

Pos. 18. - rocker of the second section;

Pos. 19. - parallel thrust (first);

Pos. 20. - parallel thrust (second);

Pos. 21. - fastening bracket;

Pos. 21.1. - part of the mounting bracket with a sliding guide and other devices;

Pos. 21.2. – an arm of fastening of cables of a collar and other devices;

Pos. 22. - tip with a hole;

Pos. 23. - rod of a locking device of a rotary type;

Pos. 24. - bearing support;

Pos. 25. - blocker groove, in particular:

Pos. 25.A. – blocker groove position open locking device of rotary type;

Pos. 25.B. - blocker groove position closed locking device of rotary type;

Pos. 26. - bracket for fastening position sensors of locking devices;

Pos. 26.1. – an arm of fastening of gauges of provision of a collar;

Pos. 27. - blocker;

Pos. 28. - disconnecting cam;

Pos. 29.1. - the first stop-guide;

Pos. 29.2. - the second stop-guide;

Pos. 30. - beveled edge of the flange of the first section of the PMAR;

Pos. 31. - beveled edge of the flange of the second section of the PMAR;

Pos. 32. - opening rod;

Pos. 33. - clamp;

Pos. 34. - burst lock assembly;

Pos. 35.1. - the second half ring;

Pos. 35.2. - the first half ring;

Pos. 36. - rod with a hole;

Pos. 37.1. - tension cam;

Pos. 37.2. - tension cam;

Pos. 38. - fork with safety pin;

Pos. 39. - emphasis-cam;

Pos. 40. - axis (pin);

Pos. 41. - pin for fastening the leaf spring;

Pos. 42. - gasket;

Pos. 43. - leaf spring;

Pos. 44. - flanged pipe with a bevelled edge of the flange for the installation of a clamp;

Pos. 45. - flange pipe;

Pos. 46. - threaded coupler;

Pos. 47. - extension with a mounting tip;

Pos. 48. - plate;

Pos. 49. - pin for fastening the clamp plates;

Pos. 50. - indicator of the position of locking devices of a rotary type: open / closed;

Pos. 51. - yoke assembly of a rotary type locking device with a mounting surface;

Pos. 52. - cable;

Pos. 53. - clamp position sensor: open / closed;

Pos. 54. - locking device position sensors: open / closed.

Pos. 55. - sliding guide;

Pos. 56 - working axis of locking devices of rotary type and pipeline.

Implementation of the technical solution

The claimed technical solution uses the following terms and definitions:

Emergency Release Coupling (PMAR, other names found in the literature: ERC clutch - Emergency Release Coupling): A device with a drive designed to hermetically disconnect the loading arm from the vessel during the transfer of the working medium in case of an accident or if the vessel has left the working area of the loading arm, having mechanically or hydraulically interlocked locking devices built into the upper and lower parts of the coupling, blocking the flow of fluid when the coupling parts are disconnected and a driven mechanical disconnector.

The stander (other names found in the literature: sea / river loader, loading, loading arm (lever), marine loading arms, MLA) is an articulated metal pipeline with the components necessary for its operation, which provides compensation for vessel vibrations caused by tidal characteristics of the water area, wind and wave loads, changes in the ship's draft during loading and unloading operations, as well as designed for draining - loading oil and oil products, liquid chemicals, liquefied natural gases (LNG), oils into the vessel - tanker and / or removal of steam-air mixtures during loading and unloading operations.

Emergency Release System (CAP, other names in the literature: ERS - Emergency Release Systems): A system designed to quickly and safely disconnect the loader from the vessel with minimal product leakage.

Clamp - a mechanical disconnector with a drive that provides connection or disconnection in the event of an emergency of the upper and lower parts (first and second sections) of the emergency disconnect drive clutch.

A swivel type locking device is a device that shuts off the flow of the transported product by turning the locking element and, if necessary, pressing it against the seats. It has two positions: open or closed. As part of the emergency disconnect drive coupling, it is used only for the purpose of shutting off the pipeline during emergency disconnection.

The claimed technical solution for the drive emergency clutch incorporates two interlocked locking devices of a rotary type of fire-resistant design in accordance with GOST 33856 - 2016 (ISO 10497) and tightness class "A" in both directions of the flow in accordance with GOST 9544-2015. As locking devices of the rotary type, any serial or individual, limited number of disk or ball locking devices of the rotary type that meet the above requirements can be used. In particular, but not limited to, in FIG. 1. PMAR used ball 1 and 2 locking devices of a rotary type of serial production, and in the one shown in FIG. 2. PMAR used disk devices of rotary type of mass production - eccentric valves 3 and 4. At the same time, ball 1 and 2 locking devices have a collapsible body with a flange connection, and disk butterfly valves 3, 4 are installed between the flange pipes 44 and 45 of Fig.9, 10 and are tightened with threaded ties 46 under the nut, as shown in Fig.2. Accordingly, the first section 5 of the PMAR forms the body of the ball locking device 1 or the disk locking device 3 installed between the flange pipes 45 and 44, and the second section 6 of the PMAR forms the body of the ball locking device 2 or the disk locking device 4 installed between the flange pipes 44 and 45.

Flange connections of collapsible ball bodies 1 and 2 or flange pipes 44, 45 of rotary-type disk locking devices are used to install the actuator mounting bracket. In particular, in FIG. 1, 2 and 3 show a reinforced bracket 21 bolted to the flange of the locking device of the first section. The bracket can be supported on the lower flanges of the locking device of the first section of the PMAR, has stiffeners and is designed to install drives 15 and 16, which are part of the PMAR actuators. Depending on the diameter of the PMAR, operating conditions, purpose and other characteristics, the design of the mounting bracket can be changed, divided into two parts or may have an additional one, as shown in Fig. 1. mounting bracket 21.1, on which a sliding guide 55 is placed on the inside to stop the tip with a hole 22, and on the outside a control unit of the necessary functionality or other device can be placed. In addition, a mounting bracket 21.2 is installed on the flange of the locking device of the first section for the cables 52 to hold the clamp 33 after its emergency disconnection, as well as the mounting bracket 26.1 with the clamp position sensor 53: open / closed. On the mounting surface of the yoke assembly 51 of the output of the rod (spindle) 23 of the locking device of the rotary type, a bracket 26 is installed with sensors 54 of the positions of the locking device: open / closed, and a bearing support 24 with rocker arms 17 and 18 is also installed. All installed mounting brackets 21, 21.1, 21.2, 26, 26.1, but not limited to those indicated, can be of any shape and any required quantity, while the brackets that perform the supporting function of the PMAR actuators must be calculated in accordance with regulatory and technical requirements *.

PMAR 15 and 16 actuators must be of fire-resistant design and can be of hydraulic, pneumatic or electric (explosion-proof) design. Actuators have the possibility of reverse operation in both directions: by pulling in or pulling out the stem. In particular, shown in Fig.1. and Fig.2. PMAR used hydraulic drives - fire-resistant hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16.

Drive 15, tip with hole 22, roller 8, two parallel rods 19 and 20, blocker 27, sensors 54, two rocker arms 17 and 18, two position indicators 50, two bearing supports 24 with blocker grooves 25.A, 25.B form first operating mechanism.

The second actuator consists of the first 29.1 and the second 29.2 stop-guide, one sensor 53, drive 16, decoupling cam 28.

Drive 15 is fixed on a reinforced mounting bracket 21 so that the drive rod moves parallel to two rods 19 and 20. At the end of the hydraulic cylinder rod there is a special tip with a hole 22 for roller 8, fixed at the end of the rocker arm 17 to ensure free travel along the radius when the rocker arm rotates . The end of the stem 23, as shown in FIG. 4, each locking device of the rotary type is connected through a bearing support 24 with rocker arms 17 and 18. Arrows 50 are mounted on the rocker arms, indicating whether the locking device is open or closed (not shown in Fig. 2).

The drive 15, pushing the rod connected to the tip 22, which is connected through the roller 8 to the rocker arm 17, turns it clockwise. Parallel rods 19 and 20 fixed on the rocker arm 17 provide parallel rotation of the rocker arm 18 and thereby ensure the closure of the two locking devices of the rotary type and shut off the flow of the transported product. For additional blocking of locking devices of the rotary type on the rocker, in particular on the rocker 18, as shown in Fig.5. a spontaneous rotation blocker 27 is installed. In the standby mode or shipment of the transported product by the equipment, which includes the PMAR, both locking devices are in the open position “A”, the blocker 27 rests against the groove 25.A on the bearing support housing 24 and does not allow the locking PMAR devices under the influence of the flow of the transported product. In the event of an emergency disconnection of the PMAR, after closing the locking devices, the blocker 27 is set to position "B" - closed and abuts against the groove 25.B (not shown in Fig. 5.) on the bearing support housing and prevents arbitrary opening of the locking device, preventing spillage of the transported product.

The rods 19 and 20 are fixed on the rocker 17 and have a degree of freedom in one plane, they can swing to the side. In the lower part of each rod there is an inverted U - shaped groove for fastening with the lower rocker arm 18, and in the event of an emergency separation of the PMAR, both rods come out of the U - groove attachment point and release the first section 5 from the second section 6 of the PMAR.

The drive 16 is fixed as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and 3., on a reinforced mounting bracket 21. The drive rod through an extension with a mounting tip 47 is connected to a decoupling cam 28, which holds the rod 32, as shown in FIG. 6., in the operating standby mode of the PMAR or in emergency, emergency situations, due to the action of the drive 16, the drive retracts the stem and pulls the disconnecting cam 28 along the stop-guide 29.1 and 29.2. Due to the cone-shaped protrusion of the disconnecting Cam, the opening rod 32 is pushed out of the burst lock 34 of the collar 33 of the PMAR. The disconnecting Cam 28 has a sliding surface along the stop-guide 29.1 and 29.2, the main cone-shaped protrusion, which provides for the expulsion of the opening rod 32, and at least two additional auxiliary cone-shaped protrusions (not shown in the figure), pushing the half-rings 35.1 and 35.2 of the clamp 33. auxiliary cone-shaped protrusions are located on the disengaging cam in such a way that they come into operation only after the release of the opening rod 32 from the fork 38 of the burst lock 34.

Collar 33, as shown in FIG. 7, structurally consists of a burst lock 34, two half rings 35.1 and 35.2 and a second rod 36 with a hole for the axle. Each collar half-ring consists of half-rings, the profile of which is shown in section in FIG. 8., as well as plates 48, having a protrusion, fixed on the half-ring with pins 49.

Explosive lock 34 structurally consists of a fork 38 with a safety pin against accidental opening of the lock. Fork 38 has special grooves and protrusions that hold the clamp half ring 35.2. An opening rod 32 is inserted into the fork with a stop-cam fixed at the end, which is installed in an interference fit in the groove of the fork. The stop-cam 39 has a degree of mobility around its axis and is located in a perpendicular plane relative to the working axis of the rotary type locking devices (1, 2 and 3, 4).

In standby mode and during operation of the equipment, which includes PMAR, the end of the cam 39 is installed in the groove of the fork 38 in an interference fit in such a way, as shown in Fig.7, that the axis of the thrust 32, located in the fork, is slightly shifted to the center of the clamp, the this ensures the fixation and tension of the rod 32, as well as the tight connection of the flanges with beveled edges 30 and 31 of the first and second sections of the PMAR. On the other side of the collar half-rings 35.1 and 35.2. are connected by a second rod 36 with a washer and two nuts (tightening and fixing), which provide tightening and tension of the collar semi-rings 35.1 and 35.2 relative to the fixed thrust cam 37.2 with a hole for the free movement of the rod 36 and its fixed fastening to the collar semi-ring 35.2. one side. The other end of the rod 36 is connected to the collar half ring 35.1. using the axis 40, which provides the mobility of the semi-rings 35.1. and 35.2. relative to each other in the same plane.

The inner part of the semi-rings 35.1 and 35.2., as shown in Fig. 8 has three planes: “B; G; D". In the vertical plane "B" there is a leaf spring 43 bent into a semi-ring. A gasket 42 made of PTFE or other anti-extrusion material corresponding to the operating parameters is installed between the spring and the clamp body. The leaf spring 43 is attached to the body of the half rings 35.1 and 35.2. pin 41. Planes "G and D" have beveled surfaces for capturing and tight compression of two mating flanges with beveled edges 30 and 31 on the first and second sections of the PMAR to ensure tightness. In the case of using in PMAR ball 1, 2 locking devices of rotary type of serial production, as shown in Fig. 1, one flange 44 of each locking device is subject to modification in order to obtain a beveled edge 30 or 31. This can be done in the serial production of locking devices with a preliminary indication in the order of the method of fastening a particular flange of the locking device or by directly modifying the flange 44 during the production and assembly of the PMAR, with In this case, the body of such locking devices must be collapsible. In the case of using disk 3 and 4 locking devices of a rotary type in PMAR, as shown in Fig. 2, PMAR is equipped with inserts of flange pipes 44 and 45, Fig.9, 10, where disk locking devices are pulled together between the flanges by threaded couplers 46 under the nut, and flanges 44 connecting the first and second sections of PMAR have beveled edges 30, 31 for installing the clamp 33 To prevent collisions of parts of the yoke 33 with locking devices and other parts of the equipment, as well as to hold the yoke after emergency disconnection, the yoke is fixed by cables 52 to the mounting brackets 21.2 of the first section of the PMAR.

The claimed technical solution of the emergency disconnect drive clutch allows its use in the design of loaders, loading, loading, reloading sleeves (levers), articulated pipelines, manipulators and other loading and unloading installations for the safe and environmentally responsible shipment of oil, oil products, liquid chemical products, liquefied natural gas (LNG), gas condensate and other liquid and gaseous (including boil-off gas) products. PMAR meets the regulatory and technical requirements*, including fire resistance, due to the use of standard serial equipment in the PMAR design that has passed the appropriate tests and provides the coupling with simple operation with the possibility of replacing worn out elements. The locking devices of the coupling are hydraulically or mechanically interlocked, and also have a lock against spontaneous closing or opening of the locking devices. The clamp provides a tight connection of the emergency coupling in the operating mode with the possibility of adjusting the tightening force of the clamp, it has a main and auxiliary disconnect mechanism that guarantees disconnection of equipment pipelines in emergency situations, regardless of high and low operating temperatures, icing and cryogenic temperatures of the product (LNG) . PMAR has visual position indicators of locking devices, duplicated by sensors, as well as clamp position sensors. It has a minimum working size in the axis, minimal labor intensity in production and operation, which affects the cost of all equipment, of which PMAR is a part.

- Normative and technical requirements for PMAR are given in the following documents:

- OSIMF "International Maritime Forum of Oil Companies" "Design and construction specification MARINE STENDERS";

- ISO 16904:2016 "Oil and gas industry - Design and testing of offshore LNG transfer arms for conventional onshore terminals";

- STO Gazprom 2-3.4-1255-2021 “Infrastructure for the production, storage and shipment of liquefied natural gas. Stender equipment. General technical conditions".

Claims (17)

1. An emergency disconnect drive clutch, containing two actuators, two sections with flanges and a clamp divided into two half rings, and characterized in that each section contains a rotary-type locking device that has a stem and a mounting surface of the yoke assembly, and closest to each other To each other, the flanges of the first and second sections have a beveled edge to be covered by the half rings of the clamp, while the first half ring has a body, a breaking lock, at least two plates, at least one cable, a spring with a gasket, a tension cam with a hole and a rod that has a hole for the axle , and the second half ring has a body, an axle, at least two plates, at least one cable, a spring with a gasket, a tension cam that opens a rod with a stop-cam at the end, and a break lock has a fork with a safety pin, and two actuators are placed as on at least one mounting bracket attached to the flanges and mounting surfaces of the top section where the first performer The main mechanism includes: a drive, a tip with a hole for a roller, two parallel rods, at least one blocker, at least two sensors and two rocker arms with a position indicator and a bearing support with grooves for the blocker, and the second actuator consists of the first and second stop-guide, at least one sensor, the drive connected to the disconnecting cam, having at least one cone-shaped protrusion. 2. Drive clutch emergency disconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that each section is formed by a collapsible flanged housing, consisting of at least two parts and a swivel-type ball locking device. 3. The emergency release clutch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for mass-produced rotary type locking devices, the flange is reworked during the manufacture of the locking device or during the production of the emergency release clutch until the beveled edge of the flange is reached. 4. Drive clutch emergency disconnect according to claim 1, characterized in that each section is formed by a housing with a rotary-type disk locking device installed between the flange pipes. 5. Drive clutch emergency disconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of two half-rings on one side is provided by an axis, and on the other hand by a burst lock and forms a clamp. 6. The emergency release clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of each half ring has at least three internal planes, and a leaf spring with a gasket is installed in the middle plane, and the other two planes are located at an angle corresponding to the bevel edge of the flange of the first and second sections. 7. The emergency release clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that two plates are installed at each end of the half-ring body parallel to each other, covering the half-ring body from two sides, forming a fixed connection in one plane, while each plate has a ledge. 8. The emergency release clutch according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the parallel plates, located diagonally from each other on the clamp of each half ring, are fixedly connected by the protrusion of the plate with the tension cam, through the hole of which passes for the first clamp the rod with the hole for axle, and in the case of the second clamp, an opening rod, wherein each of the rods has a thread at the end, a washer with an emphasis on the tensioning cam, and at least one nut. 9. Emergency release drive clutch according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that an axis passes through the protrusion of parallel plates located at the ends of the collar semi-rings closest to each other, connecting the two semi-rings through a rod with a hole. 10. Drive clutch emergency release according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the protrusion of parallel plates located on the same half-ring and diagonally to the axis of the clamp holds the fork with a safety pin, which is part of a breakable lock, into which an opening rod is inserted with placement emphasis-cam in the groove of the fork in tension. 11. The emergency release drive clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop-cam has a degree of mobility around its axis, while the opening rod, stop-cam and half rings, when the clamp is opened, are separated perpendicular to the plane relative to the working axis of the rotary type locking device and are held cables. 12. The emergency disconnect drive clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the first actuator, by the translational movement of the drive, drives the tip with the hole into which the rocker roller of the first section is inserted, which is connected by parallel rods to the rocker arm of the second section, while the parallel rods have adjustment in length, the fastening lugs with the rocker of the first section and the U-shaped groove of the inverted form of fastening with the rocker of the second section provide simultaneous rotation of the stem of each rotary-type locking device inserted into the bearing support, which on one side is rigidly fixed on the mounting surface of the locking device yoke assembly of rotary type, and on the other hand it is connected to its rocker arm, on which there is an indicator of the position of the rotary type locking device open or closed. 13. An emergency release clutch according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that at least one rocker arm may have reading surfaces of the position sensors of the rotary type locking device open or closed and at least one rocker arm may have a spontaneous rotation blocker of the rotary type locking device, when In this case, the sensors are mounted on a bracket with fastening to the rotary type locking device, and the spontaneous rotation blocker has two grooves on the bearing support, corresponding to the position of the rotary type locking device open or closed. 14. The emergency disconnect drive clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the second actuator, by moving the drive towards itself, pulls the disconnecting cam along the first and second guide stops, the cone-shaped protrusion of which pushes the opening rod out of the fork, cutting off the safety pin and disconnecting the clamp lock, at the same time, a sensor attached to the mounting bracket indicates the position of the clamp open or closed. 15. The emergency release clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting bracket, the characteristics of which, including, but not limited to: the number of brackets, their shape, stiffeners, consoles, holes, dimensions, number of mounts and supports, installation location - are determined and calculated individually based on the loads that occur during the operation of actuators, the diameter of the rotary locking device and the current regulatory and technical requirements. 16. Drive clutch emergency release according to claim 1, characterized in that the second stop-guide is mounted on the second section in the same plane and coaxially with the first stop-guide. 17. Emergency release clutch according to claim 1, 12 or 14, characterized in that the drive can be hydraulic or pneumatic or electric.

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