GB2511477A - Insect control mixture - Google Patents

Insect control mixture Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2511477A
GB2511477A GB1222547.0A GB201222547A GB2511477A GB 2511477 A GB2511477 A GB 2511477A GB 201222547 A GB201222547 A GB 201222547A GB 2511477 A GB2511477 A GB 2511477A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
mixture
pinene
pine
insects
carene
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GB201222547D0 (en
Inventor
Tariq Butt
Justyna Piasecka
Tomasz Piasecka
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Swansea University
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Swansea University
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Publication of GB201222547D0 publication Critical patent/GB201222547D0/en
Priority to PCT/GB2013/000546 priority patent/WO2014091186A1/en
Publication of GB2511477A publication Critical patent/GB2511477A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof

Abstract

A mixture for the control of insects, said mixture including α-pinene, β-pinene and 3-carene. Preferably the mixture also includes myrcene. The mixture provides a way of controlling insects. in particular those that damage forestry crops by controlling insect behaviour throughout the life cycle of those insects while still being environmentally safe to use. In one embodiment there is a lure including the mixture, and in another embodiment is a method of controlling pine weevils or beetles by applying the mixture to an area to alter the behavior of such insects in that area.

Description

iuectCon.trot Mixture FMd ottht hw'nUon Ic current inventkst relates to an insect control mixture and ni paftictda but nOt exeiOsiv&to a.mbctuethat i use.dto att!4ct bark: beetles and. in particuiar.th.epine. Weevii:(tly.ohius ah.ietis).
Background Of the bn'aition
Ihe pine wed is pt SI n u ausr the n'ost serious damage in UK torestn estmia earn tens of nil otis Opi tints i hou any contml, the presett pine seevil can rftci severe dmgv.to thc.re.wF pkmted conifers species such as mosteAmmon piue.an[ spruce saplin.a The high nLmber a: pine.eec ik in tue aret of n Lad, to total destruction of ncw3. planted sapli igs due to wec'is fcei' ng on the hark &tne saphng' tUnen ofen results in total ctrippmg ot the bark horn he tee ftc modern forestr) s ba,ed on coruterous moneculturec mid th!c has s gniictnth fac Ii ard toe -prcod and istabusbire of tons.derable pine weevil nop&abon ftc pr1mary host of prne scu' ii is nine spp ard other mchistnat onifers, suci as spruce and larch. tree stumps of feiled tre pro\tkie. and envin-nment in which the.pine weevil:cán repioduec Populat o'is Cp tie sscvu nui'd up in Rirects dummg growing monccuftures con ters aci thr the lack of natural enemies such as parasitic wasps,reptIles, birds, and. mamthals, Current con:re n'tthous of pin wcus Is are bacd u'o,Md the use of chemu.,al estieides wm.ch are expensive and also have a major enironnientai impact die to their toxicity, not,oni tO humans but ak 1t ol lratthr such as aces Aiso not iral predato"s ofests may be eim nated resistaee ca. build u meaning that in the case of the pine weevil there are Only very limited ihseeticlds available such as.alfaevpemiethrin /cyperSthrin.
CumnnUytUe niotpmniising.and ctvironwcntaUy safe.approach tocontm pine wevi1 s of.. -HI toXft ehaVWU iiourty vg e.rucai (Sc Ii tocheinica s} Sem,odieimcats (lIe ditded oto ciu Cc w eb ntchatc intcrctions betweet mdts bhMl-. of the sane speues (bhetomorcs),.and.cheniicas which mediate interactions:between dif&rent species (kairomones and aitomones).
Recent studieshave shown that dFfferent chemicals arc rd ased froni ditte en parts of ajilant, tied that tit &uLCflt atages jii their. Hf'e cy..ie. may be attractedto diffrent ch.eniicats ulaung Lap in I i natural ensironront ha problems in thai if' traps are arg &aced in tb neld hcre r the ax ific' pine odour of a trap.an he easily mitconpeted Ii> background smeiiefthenatuai pine forc't, An dxaxnpieof the cmrpiex.it of the amount of volavijes.hi. the naarai environment s fact that studieo have dcrnonstrated.that a iecepto.r netrcn rn p j:ncect such. as the pine weevi (ffvlnhius ahictis) may he receptive to many ohentioals.Also:diffcrc.nt (evek ofhemieais. may be cxnitt.e by 4iiçr fl plants and. the condition of tiw psiv, ot x4mne kvcls of c&-prcne reteascc+ secrt.dto he proporLtmal La the bark si rfae exposed bs cutung the hianehes There s also a remarkable poIymorphsrn of trpenic erusions 0 t dix CU2 plaits e g 3catene was the ma1or eonstiLlatt in some plants r b t was not dctece1 in othrs from C'e sane growth area, therefore.. can be seer that there is a great deal of compleicity in the c:henhic&s in the envIronment, sa making itdifflcoItth lure one partieula insect to. paructilaP area throughout the life cycle of that insect.
thete Is therefote there I a need for a new ptst control teehnique whkh ia snecific for parucub pects throughout the iC cycle ot tiat pest and whih is also ens-ironmenk ly safe Such a conLol cwd bring a positive ecological rnpact into the rndustn, arc woald possibly remnfote the eoiniietitiVeneis of convetationat wood çroduction in the UK in patdcuiar.
Summary of the invention
According to a fiht aspect of the il\ ci Lion theic s pros aled a mixture ku nsec 1. cannot said ptixwre.lndudhig upinene, ilpinenc; -eercnc, Prcfc.raWy the mixture cen1uiPs ki thrUtttr cerimituent. ,myrecnc.
It is eitvtsag that the:mixture 1tiocne, :rate has aratftt olnik all.. :lt It is referrM that ftr t nihture. ni a.-pii:w.u, frpincrie, 3carene. imt.m.y.rcene the voluntetu ratio of j: Ml it is preferred that the ntixture is. induded in a canier Preferably thecarrie.r is included i a vOlatile solvent..
11 is. envisaged that the mixture is i:ncotorated jn a lure whieb includes the mi.ature.
it is smvisaged that the.ure incuides a carrier. substntte whieh b. ahk m hold and r&eisC the mi$ure r N Preferably the substrate is adected from one or more of cotton, paper. gel or polymer. r
ft s preferred that fre substrate po'ymer containling at least 5% ofmixture.
Accotdinr In: a thrther aspec+ of The invention thre is presided a lure includine a mixture ontamrng opinenc Lp cne, 3-carene Preferably the mixture also includes mvrcene, According to zi Idrther aspect of.thc invention, there is provide a method of controlling pine cevds or beet es by apnt> wt a nixtttre meluthug ct-pinene, -p3nene tcarene Lu an trea 0 altu tie heh4vou, ul the p3n v Cc\ ds bcuies in that aa it is preferred that the.mixt.cuc ftrther includes myrecnc. 4:
ft Is. exwisag1I: t)S the! mL'dzn May, bc usdd:tO ttt the:iflë weevIiIs be SfIfl cmjtincS wtha ebemioai:brepol safletatEfl:aSL I pieèn That, the area it tt'IfanTp*ttI'r'flb't' JuiflepsIon of flwFwn An ethdlth tóith*ói.St wiflj r*tSenc* tot 1!&figUrS in iihióht F{gun I shnwsi a table thawing the companson otthe ef&lawy of tht individual constituents artacearatttotesbodlthëM ófS*ntia,'atAtSt ohifnatw ffiwM4itftsl ___ 2 shows' a companson of th. efficiency.1 the Mdividual constituents of a nnttfl a,htgtt.ent4fimS' FLgure 3 thow.c: a ancyftepeflemyit dfeach'pd4rner' 4th'PiM 4':: Figure 4 Show& ta ncy/rwflency rates of each pctymer With Sit Sz Eigw, S Siows tompathoncifthe a eta'S'*at*4k aon' tAt& land bm$nene'.
in 6 sh,: a pacjspn of Urae average mxn bet àfne't"I1k'M1ect4Fim'fri"b: Mi,tY,pciats nard Eisw 7 shcwsi the deay' gf aSk:tam'Rt associated with avapoSon. S poI'inets.
Deta+kd. Deciption of Embodiments ol' the Invention The p ett (or'tro.irctmn has ôeer. signed to rumic tte natural atv.ctant compositun of Ia eoniikrs, although the campasition k difthrtht &n1 tha natural cxttaat so that it can pmvidc an: effective atiractant that is targeted to particular insects atd which will be effective &spit; the background te'ci of nt ira1N o cur 1fl4 4thu tn1c 1L aura Ia t 1' ha-ed on vo on'aos IJons, Mix I Con1prisiW flsPc, fl putie tearene with ralto of mix of I S I respetnel> nd Mix 2 svheh eompr sc' a mx of o plr'ele p nene, 3-ca en-' -nd myrcene in a voh'me4o-voh&ne ratio of I 1 e'pt et v. Jy As can he seer thr base mix is a comhrauon of a-pine te, -pmere, tcarene utn a pmt e being present at a atm level of 1 5 WIth pinene and 3-carene being present at aration:ievei.of I..
The formulation sHows for the application in. emuls:We$ form anther dissoived in. a suitable carrier solvent fir c\anp e ci -mienc, frpmncre Learene and myr&.ene may cc dissohed in an agriculturally acccptihk ceru'i with su table airoxida't fot appucation to a t'ap The earner wouid. be chosen according to. the situation: that the insect, control mixture-is to be used in, for example a less volatile carrier may be used in hotter dlimatt thah the c.afriet tis'ed in col.det climate-s so. that. the mixture is released over a suitable period of tihie tot the attraction of Sects r that it is designed to attnict, The first compound used. in the tnht.ur'e ih a-iinen&whieh.h known as B.kyclo(3.J i)het2-eni, 2,6,6-ti imethyl-Pin ne ahvia PinC(3-ene aipha-Pinere 2-Pinene, Pinene isomer, 2,6 6- fnmetb\th cyLlt' 2-hepere 2 66 Irtmethylb'cvclc(S I hen 2-eec, 2,66-TrinwthyThicycio(3. J)-2-hept--2-ene ft has GAS No: SO-56-$ and the Eiñpiticial Formula/molecular weight of Cl-h/i 3624.
The struct trof a-p.ihene.'is as fOllows CR * The strtiotute woflØ atcounr fØr die ptsence of four opticaIy active and two optea*ily thactive isomers althougl onI u I, nd dkspinnc are kmmn however, precenee of one or more isonnrs nas been icpoiu n nioe rhar 40u essenua1 oils in the arges arnount t has been reported.fothid id 21 chil/ea mWicfiiuffi (d), Anetnisid biOen.tata (d-), italian rosemary (121, wIld tnyne d frcncn 1aeade (i), coriander d), cunin (d, dl-i, lahdanwn (h), neroh U leton, Lit ea cufreihi (d) anu viang lang (d) It is abe reported in over 200 natural products C1) II eluthng aipL ai iCo n" c't'us juices asia pcet ods, hilberry eranbery lmgonberry, Mackberv, entrants uava raspbciry, stravbcrry, oratige, hue grapetunt macdat a, tangerine *ods and juices. various spices, mint essential oils, carrot celery, cooked potato, hell. pcppe:r tens'o, anise, nuciloi uai ILcil dote, coma, g uger, Me itha ads nutmeg, mace, pcpper N parsley thyiu Sn is an chcudai uhs crea n faft fish, fried diuhen, neef fat hop ad um bourbon whiskey, ica, roasted lilberts, pecans, oats; soybean. plum, mushroom. sweet and wild irafloram, haascrflbt mi ige, Old. caidanlom, ccujander, gin, nec, hLbi cdanus d II io'age, Car»=Wa'v seed ouckni eat,auui, kneel, K wuruit 1113 rt[e leaf and bern, rosemary buehu ci Hout on cOl ilLi Spnish rd ciary sage ncctanin. rayish, ani cape g1oseoeny t:fliSC hy5sOL attigedica tot oil, Roman and German chamomile oil, eucalyptus oil, htdIOck5 heart and mastic gum leaf and fruit cd The aecorid compound is ftpinene which is also known as 6,&Dimethylr2-.rnethylene: norpinane;: Noprene, P b) dcc 11 1) pøne. 6,6d'nicth) h2mcth3 lene-6,6-D'methyI-'2 met1n1enebicy lou 1 1)b4ni c, 6 Dmtczhyl 2 meth)hn-thcydo( 31 jheptane Pinene, [mane, beta, Piu-2( 1 0)-cut. 5eta-Pmene 2(u 0 Pinene, Pseuk opt ten, Pseudopinene, :crhenthno 2 2 Jr1Icth)EhUod l)bept 2ene the compoand as GAS M 27-91 and the Empbi.c.aI Forniu].a/M.okit:uiar weight Pt CH16/l 3624 the structure of' pdteiie is usibitows: -pipen.e is a naturally occurring compound that is fdund in ound 180 natural proddcts. auth as irciuding apple apn(ot, Iram nUu juccs anc peel oils, hlberry cranbc' lmgonberr hiaekbery currcts guava, rasphcrry, strawberry, has I, carrot cekiv, cooked potato, be1 ptpper, to natc amse secd oil unnamun, ass a 1eat, dove, cjmm, girer Mntha oils, nutmeg, mace, pcpper, parsley, thyme, Swiss and cheddar cheese, cream, fatty IWI, fried chidken, beef tht, hop oil, rum, bourbon whiskey. tea, roasted filberts, pecans, oats, soybean, plum. mushrooms sweet and wild marjoram, s1arirwt mango, tamannd cardaniont, tonaitder, gin. nc,, htthi r calamus, rIP, lovage. caraway: seed,. budkwheat.. laurel, &nn&, ki.wi.ftuit, myrtle. leaf and berry, rosemary,. budiu oil. 1ourbor.varWlia, Spanish and cary sage neetarinm. crayfish, dam. cape goostherry, anise: nyssep. ango[ica root oil, R:oman and German chamomile oit eucalyptus. oil, boilocic's heart and mastic gum Leaf and.fi'uit.oTh The third comound in the insect control m*rture is 3carene, which is also known as canine;. Car3ene; tsr diprene; 4,7,7 F rimethy13norcarene; ,7,7-Triniethylticyclo4J Ojhept- 3-ene 37I7-Thoiethythicyc!ol4 I.O3heptene 3,7,-Thm.ethyibicyclo[$.i Mlheptene-3. Thefl compound has CAS' No. I 36674I and hmpirical Formu.la/Mbkeular weight of CtrF{/l &24.
T'e structural (or riu ol.ljc çnin pid s as follows H3C CH3 C.H3.
3eatene i pesIeil th haufl ot, hell ptgpe, b [betty, black cutratfl Etrry juIce and buds, ièxmnei ml grapen-u t uic -1urnquat pee l, cmun peel od, me ped thl (cold pressed and dstlled), lovage secci lvder1n pce Dli, oiarge u e, orange peel oil, oraige (blttefl peat oil and %igriu& pe.l diL 0 The:three cbthp.OuPd thathave been disussd make up th.e first inSect contrci nthtute f the.
vePor. The second itisee control inixtute is base4 ciii the first Ctcept 15 has a. further addiLonu und w the rntu?es, heh Myrce e hch a also kroi as 3fethiene7 r metliC 1,6 ecLtJe c 2 MutI l methyL le-2 7octathLr, i44ethyM nh\8eqe4 6 N octathene, I 3 tmchy cneotd 6dicnc, \1ymne btaMyeci e, I 4)ctadtene, 7-niethyiJ-*methykne. The *xnnp and has the CAS No, I 2335-3 awl the Empirical t'crmulaMoIecwar weight: C1H11 l.3624. The. tnieturat tbrmui.a oTt nyreeneis as fnllows: N C I, Ii MyceCn Is a distUl 5te froo Jttvus *f P/ms Ccitiflus and Bca-osnia vemsturn (52 and 43%.
jepee;y; in ienOngtaSs. ey usa, artemisia: in the fruits of PJta1ioandron amwensa(92%).
arid Phelk4a# oh) *n/czøi; fri the cijls ofF/ma baIsamea, Thsgacanadenis, AMes hasaea, clary sage nd Lth.ers. ALso rvpothd iii over 200' tbods and beverages i'ncEudig ditrus peel oils and juices, apricot, sweet, and sour' cherry, heuies guava, pit eappi; carrot, celery, pdtato, bell popper, I' ac ctur.n s nise rutc.cd cardamom, cinnamon casssa, dot.apsKum vai titA, ginger, meat a oiLs, innee, patrsk. thyme cheeses, crcam pork, hop oiL beer; white wine, rum, coeoct. eo'tfee, ten, mango, trunarind c.iarlcr,swçct bay,..p4ckty pear, cidamus, dill, lovage, .arawa, buci wna' I, tennel, kic ifruir, tosemary tn)rtk hery, turmer C lettion balm4 snge, r mento, angelica oiL orna ii German ehamomile oiL yptu and mastic gum oiL.
The comp>wtds ci the mx.wie inc. laed in a wc which. Inc lc:dc a, dispen.sct which wii'i.contain.
ftc aLti4oLtI1 nn\ lea p{ipOc,c-. 0: thi' uRCilth)fl a dispt'nse' is deflru is any means whch (a) COntains or holds thovoiat.i Rzcd lfl'O used tq rrcthice The vapour. of the at ott and (h) releases te mix loW the vapota hns from either solid or k1uid A dispenscrmav.take several fOrms, Thy examp U un sir s tph. as i "illet uap, spnr k ed painted. sprasod, or cithenvise applied v Lb th, n re to u 1⁄4d&C tie at anr into the.rnihkrt aca Othci dspersi1i nwans include a mateda suâ as cot'.n nanar, gel. pa ymc' ni other matertal hcb is abe to hold and release the aforertientidned insect control mhcture. r
Eapenments were ccmdt4 tied in. a ia'boi: atory' condition using the V-tube oUaetometr (AKS FLA connected it: air said in experiment I * tests were: made to establih.the.'a:t.tj.acthcness of selected eompcKmds arid these resuin rrre:.thown Th fable I and Table' 2 The air flow was set UP to 0 La'm Lie r,por: U c e C pink wec'vtt kere tested inc n ideally n caLt trail (tuas Wi'are repeated three times). ushg 1% of 500' p of.a-pinene, pinene, 3carene and myreeno in.
one arm and another attn was bLink, The response recorded, when. the p.1ne weevil had' travelled, at least 4am cr2 chosen arm. and. remaihed. there' for more than lU secunds'. The resu'h.s of Ike. efiicienc.v of the' ilidividual c<mst'itu,enu at a test yolcn'rie of I, Dpi. h noWli ni Figifre L which indicata that a.-pi'nede, ftpinend and 3-cacae.indiyi$rta.fly are attractants fb'r the pow weevils.
Figure. 2. show' a' enmpa.risoa of the. etidtney of'th,ei,ndivid.u& onstittwnvs at the. tcst, volume SQOId rind this reciul't i,ndica'tes that Mrc.cne displays minor repellent propertIsi but the to.
measureme tt cno th e qot Wc'w to uneqLwoLal assess iiert of th.s cumpotnd on fts own ft assumed that ft siould beta to attract other bark beetles, as it is a precursor of sontt pmones (ips.dlicno.l and ipsenol).
E.pciirncnts were carried out to establish Lhe elf ectivenoss Ci. .Mix$ and it according to the ime'Thon I he e' pet uvert wce. wc ted n du gre nhouse t sew hu dormuories (tmgdorr c, 2tt a 211 x211, with net: wait Different polymer strings i.e. young seedlings of Picea.sp. and.
Pine sp, ve used and pies gias thhe. with hole in the middle for release the pine weevils. The reanonac OttflMflC Weevils Were tcsted.tndtvtchially hi each thai (triak. were reneated ten timesh us ng poLrcr S4IWL on'e rnra i'0 sA u' ane mpreient 3pmene and Mix$ toe hutnk polymer ws pm.de only.ofThe. viny acetate polymer, wi.thusiti.. addition of any other chemical. In each of' the two ugoorm om yourur sipings ol Pieca sp or Prne sp (each species was ested separately) was tlJacc1t One ot tC 1hgS was wrapped with 60cr. (2ft) of the polymer. cord (testi shdc toe otn.r scpung was not mod' fled anyhow (control) Both bupdo"ms were ciosec and conrectod a Plc\udas be thtnugn the cJflrv shove tn one of the buguorm salls ftc siceses weic scoure u'rg ubhe' bands to prevent tis.aping the weevils Then, en pine Wees i-were release into the tube the: response was recorded when each individual weevil. travdlldd into 000 bugd.orm with a sapling (with or. without polymer). The weevils got up to.20 thin; to reach.
t"e sapling I he p tc. weevi svoic dii not choose any bugdorm (C g was wandering arn'essly Inside the tube:) was. recorded as an error Although the independent compounds arc known to be attractants as shown inTabtes 1 and 2,. 1.0: flgure 3 su'rns nul it wa tonid tnat the attracted pine Neesil responds beter to the sapour of the mrture umpaed to ic sapoir', of the ndisidual comnounds in the mr The taMe shows that \hx I has a ereatc attractanc) cepdilcncv rate than 3pmenc watt Sitke sp Th. experiment was also done with N4ixJ and Mix.Ii as shown in Figure 4 and in this case there was a significant increase in ffl.Lraolancykepellaeey rates:1 each polymer with Silks ap. Attractancy was whete the insects are attracted to a pa.rticülac spct, *hite repellency is where the thsects are to etiet icpetkd tori a uot hs uiug an atttactant to thsert the insects icn' part etuar location As can He seen A x Wsplaed sigethcand hihe' aveo.gc nwnhcr of attracted weevils than blank polymer. Also Jo presence of onLy one thcmfcal, thene did yield noteworthy results.. the nonthiodogradahie polymer was used, whkh. limited the amount of the active ingredient to be released in to the atmosphere. This exferintent was conducted froth Augt1ct to Cktohr) 12, at a p._rod when da ratutal decrease of wcevd actnnty is obseived !oweung the ou number ol st. hat nrgit & ob& vcJ Moreover the wees'iic wrie gathered from the traps and removed from. the envfronment lowering locally the population.
Despite these thcrs even after.31 days.Mix4 was able. to attract hit<her than control number of yeevc proving its viability hi the tkId conditions.
hgure 4 thcns km" niL rou of he M xA as ar sttraetant for Suka Sp The &ffe..ences in the attmctancy rates between liquid Mix4 and: polymer containing M.ixJ suggest that the poymedsaflon process does alter the. coniposruon of the. blend. However, taking the control.. and.
error into a earl the nm ci showed mat \4r. I was aperior to the use af 3-putene on}ts own I h s ws snc'a t be tie use w oh St<a sp and Pine p The e'pentrents with polymer coras drnonstaLd a igrtkart p tetml n a1tri rg pine weev h [he nuirher of attracted insects was around 2/3 of the released i;ov.ati.on. averae. The fact that the blank pOlymer alone displayed Idly repellent. prop.eities suggests thdt by application of different poiyme matrix tontaini:ng the active ingredient. .(Mi.xJ) the number of attracted: weevils hould be even higher.
A thrther experiment was *ce4 to determine the effectiveness of different dhemibals as opposed to polymers containing the chemicals incorporated into the polymer as a potbntial actractants to ue.ecra'g rnorntorini, and contro1 adult pine weevu population on Si/ka spnc using billet ta s l1it resaks of this e\pcnmcnt are shcwn in Figure 5 fwther experiments were cat red out to make a comparison of the attractiveness tiC blank (polymer alone ft rl a.cctoL, sir de chxenucal d-Jmene and Mu'-T i'iwoiiised in pu ynher o'er t.. pci ted c ti the. so ac.hovai rr Figure 6 Powntei str'ngs comawed 5°/a at aeuvc ingredient I h. rl hr It. traps w,tc o$ nod ap ed w Lb 06 ir polynhe The trial was arranged in a. randcthscd block design (RUt)) with five blocks evenly spaced across the tr41l.
area and trcatnent pots (sectors) in each bkclc with treatments rcplictcd randomly across all the fhe blocks.. k:ach treatment was replicated five times with ten Stumps per seötor O stumps per treatwenO. The pihe weevils were coflecLéd and recorded every.3 and 4 days starQtig at 20/Q8/20[2. and ftnish at Z7109z201t2.
Finally an experirnent:.was earned out.rc.momtor the. decay rate ofeh ireatmetit.associated. with.
evaporation ot b5 o ne in tuiJ they ire.ncd I he resuRs of this exportirent are shown in Figure 7. A non Aiiodegradabie polymer was used which limited the. amount of the active higredien.t released in to the atmosphere and the experiment was. conducted between.
Augrsi ann (\.trhet w. ten the iatural de,reasc of weevil activity S obsened Despite the reduc;ion in acuvit, even after.31 days1 M.xJ was able to attract -a higher. number of weevils than.the control, tovi.ng.the viabiLity of the mx over a. period, of time.
A s ean he seen. the formu aLien of the attractant is particularly useful forth. control o.f inse.ctsof the group Ojlenpiera. -such as. phie weevfl.(Hylohius abknis. IL). Then invention may disc have r applications fot others torest pests s co as pine stnot,ecde (loimeus pimperda), european hardwood amhrosa hectk (freundron do nestaum hark beetle ({ylurgops pallwfr) r whereby the ft thnJon contains few volatile, plant. compounds found. in seedlings oh Pinus pmaster PAce ci aó los... PAn us sr/test r/th L. (S.coth pine), Pines massonlhna.(.Masson: pine);. J1inu.s conWfla ar lcw*cilm P nu an'ando, Nortvay sprcce (Pk.'aahzeo) and Iutnperu.s comrnwns He InYcirion ncxpcted4v ha fond d torn'uLtlon riu an be detected ahoe the hackgrotnd &chem cals in tb. vnvutmn1cn an.J %\fl1C 1 iS drcclcd at partn.ular insects J* cause dariage a a so is potent afs veiy us'fU,ci a. oat severe lo,cs J trees aid in parucuar yoLng conue saplings' speciall:y pine and sp'ru.c-e. so. providing a way of reducing economic losses: and.
environmental damage.
its to to undbrstood that the above enihodimenis have been provided only by way of e»=enihltcatiu, ut tipc mtc it on soch as cisc el_toied below and that further medtficauoas and improvements thereto, as vvo'ukt be. apnarc.nt to persons skilled in the relevant art, are deemed to fall tvithin the broad' scope and ambit of the present invention described. Purthennoiu where individual embowmenis are discussed the invention i itended tO cover eothbin&tion of those ernbeu c. as H ThL yskis thoku a'i dese:thed arc not urn ted to the precise dtta Is aid.o Wi uu WsUt..e Met oJ teps pit\ ided nay not he thmted to the order in whh they are listed but rrwy ii. . ordered arw way as to cary Out the iflVt1:tiVt rOCe5S without ciëpactini from the scope o:i the nverition, Furthermore,. ot.he SUbstitutioti odIiitttions, ehaoe and ono'ss may he msLe fit es gn opcral nz c.ond tions ard ariangornuth of the exernpary emhodimenLs without departing from the. scope of the invention as expressed in the..
appeqaed..daims. (4 r
N r

Claims (4)

  1. C lal nis, L A mixture, tori usc.ct control', said in ixture including.n,inenc 1pinene Jcatene.
  2. 2. A mixture to ellaim 1. fi.vther inckicthig myreenc.
  3. 3. Ambtu.re according to claim where the mixture of.a-pinene, $pinene, 3csren.e has a ratoctmrcofi 1
  4. 4. A mxture accordi,ng to clain 2, wherein the mixture: of cz-pinene, pine.ae, 3-carene and myrcne at tic chine to volt'ne rat o n' S I I .-..A mixturo apcordih.g to any preceding claim included in a carrier.6. A. rnk:turo aeccn4iug to.chujm wherein the carrier includes a: volatile solvent.7 A; mixture ueco'rdirtg to.'any preceding dlnim incorporated in a iure r 2. .A. m tureac..t.rrtg: to claini 7, wherein the lure incudes a carrier substrate which 3\ able to bold twd rdease the'mixturc, 9 A m.ixt reaccodi.t.g to claim 8. wber1h the bst,rat is.seIecc4 from. mw or oorc. Of .pzpCr gel orpoiym.or 1.0. A mixture à,dording to claim 9, Wherein when the uhstrare' iS a polymer. sd mixture i rres.entait.a level of at east 5%.1A lute iuciudlng a mixture. containing pinenc, frpinene. %carene 12. A lute. according to daim: i. I. fttrther induding myrcne in the mixture. 45.,ii LUSIj4 anfr,,J!fr ww,,a qr jifltfle ctrcn,, b an aefl, aluw thc 14:&!,flSHJ, c.c$i$fl,: &n ecctn the $, 1. ,JUø* *4.tL &fl.Sfl$ :t rc$h L4*,, ,eii1h mMkw4u,,,. V4,$nc:.1t4$$ M sr*a:' a It 4 SbO iiS$. 4 4w - i::2 ffi::MiSt
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CN101243835A (en) * 2008-02-04 2008-08-20 北京林业大学 Semanotus sinoauster attractant
CN101554178A (en) * 2009-04-14 2009-10-14 云南农业大学 Monochamus alternatus imago attractant and trap thereof
CN101564051A (en) * 2009-04-14 2009-10-28 云南农业大学 Monochamus alternatus imago attractant
CN101810166A (en) * 2010-02-08 2010-08-25 北京林业大学 Gypsy moth adult worm attractant and trapping device
CN101822246A (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-08 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 Yunnan Pissodes radiatae Hopkins attractant
CN101926326A (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-29 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 Pissodes punctatus attractant
CN101961025A (en) * 2009-07-24 2011-02-02 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 Acantholyda posticalis attractant

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060198860A1 (en) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-07 Phero Tech Inc. Synergistic blends of monoterpenes for mountain pine beetle pheromones
CN101069504A (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-14 中国科学院动物研究所 Use of verbenote repellent
CN101069503A (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-14 中国科学院动物研究所 Luring agent for luring and collecting Dendroctonus valens
CN101243835A (en) * 2008-02-04 2008-08-20 北京林业大学 Semanotus sinoauster attractant
CN101822246A (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-08 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 Yunnan Pissodes radiatae Hopkins attractant
CN101554178A (en) * 2009-04-14 2009-10-14 云南农业大学 Monochamus alternatus imago attractant and trap thereof
CN101564051A (en) * 2009-04-14 2009-10-28 云南农业大学 Monochamus alternatus imago attractant
CN101926326A (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-29 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 Pissodes punctatus attractant
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