GB2503745A - Hybrid-valve four stroke engine - Google Patents

Hybrid-valve four stroke engine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2503745A
GB2503745A GB201212110A GB201212110A GB2503745A GB 2503745 A GB2503745 A GB 2503745A GB 201212110 A GB201212110 A GB 201212110A GB 201212110 A GB201212110 A GB 201212110A GB 2503745 A GB2503745 A GB 2503745A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
valve
primary valve
crankshaft
valves
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB201212110A
Other versions
GB201212110D0 (en
Inventor
Ben Luke Kardoosh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB201212110A priority Critical patent/GB2503745A/en
Publication of GB201212110D0 publication Critical patent/GB201212110D0/en
Publication of GB2503745A publication Critical patent/GB2503745A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L15/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. with reciprocatory slide valves, other than provided for in groups F01L17/00 - F01L29/00
    • F01L15/14—Arrangements with several co-operating main valves, e.g. reciprocatory and rotary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/146—Push-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/28—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of coaxial valves; characterised by the provision of valves co-operating with both intake and exhaust ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/44—Multiple-valve gear or arrangements, not provided for in preceding subgroups, e.g. with lift and different valves
    • F01L1/446—Multiple-valve gear or arrangements, not provided for in preceding subgroups, e.g. with lift and different valves comprising a lift valve and at least one reed valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
    • F01L3/205—Reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/06—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like the cams, or the like, rotating at a higher speed than that corresponding to the valve cycle, e.g. operating fourstroke engine valves directly from crankshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/4207—Arrangements with one conduit connected with two valves; Arrangements connecting one valve with two conduits

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

A four-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising a combustion cylinder 5, piston 4, piston rod 8, and crankshaft 6. The cylinder head 9 featuring a single primary valve 1 to manage flow in and out of the combustion cylinder 5, in conjunction with two or more secondary valves 2, 3 to independently direct gas flow during intake and exhaust events. Being the only valve on the surface of the combustion chamber 5, the primary valve 1 can occupy a larger proportion of the cylinder head's area than if multiple valves were used. The greater valve surface area equates to potentially less obstruction to gas-flow, and thereby, a reduction in parasitic energy consumption due to resistance to gas flow during operation, which in turn will benefit performance and potentially increase efficiency. The primary valve may be a poppet valve mechanically controlled by a geared linkage to the crankshaft. The secondary valves may also be mechanically controlled by a camshaft, or they may be pressure actuated reed valves.

Description

DESCRIPTION:
An internal combustion engine operating a four-stroke cycle, and comprising a typical combustion cylinder (5), piston (4), piston rod (8), and crankshaft (6), layout. Its cylinder head (9) featuring a single primary valve (1) to manage the flow of gasses in and out of the cylinder (5), in conjunction with two or more secondary valves (2)&(3) to direct gas flow during intake and exhaust independently. The secondary valves (2)&(3) being situated about a volume (7) on the cold side of the primary valve (1); (down-stream from the primary valve during exhaust and up-stream from the primary valve during intake). During operation the primary valve(1) opens for roughly the duration of one of the two revolutions of the crankshaft (6) that occur during each cycle, starting from a point when the piston (4) is near the bottom of the cylinder(s). The secondary valves (2)&(3) are active while the primary valve (1) is in the open position, each secondary valve opening for roughly the duration of half a revolution of the crankshaft (6) to allow the passage of either exhaust or fresh air.
Effect: Being the only valve on the surface of the combustion chamber (10), the primary valve (1) can occupy a larger proportion of the cylinder head's area than if multiple valves were used. The greater valve surface area equates to potentially less obstruction to gas-flow, and thereby, a reduction in parasitic energy consumption due to resistance to gas flow during operation.
Being the only valve on the surface of the combustion chamber (10), the primary valve (1) can occupy a larger proportion of the cylinder head's area than if multiple valves were used. The greater valve surface area equates to potentially less obstruction to gas-flow, and thereby, during operation, a reduction in parasitic energy consumption due to resistance to gas flow.
In the diagram, the primary valve (1) is shown as a poppet valve, and the secondary valves (2)&(3) are shown as read valves. In the diagram, the read valves (3) that allow gas flow out but not into the volume allow exhaust to escape the volume and prevent said exhaust from re-entering, while the read valves (2) that allow gas flow in, but not out, of the volume, allow the passage of fresh air into the cylinder on the intake stroke and prevent the passage of exhaust. Theoretically read valves or other kinds of pressure actuated valves would be sufficient for use as secondary valves in the described system, for managing intake and exhaust, to crudely realise a four stroke cycle under naturally aspirated conditions, moreover, such a system could potentially allow the engine to run with the crank rotating in either direction. However, use of controlled valves such as cam-activated poppet or rotary valves for secondary valves, would be advantageous, allowing the system to run under artificially aspirated conditions where the pressure in volume (7) can be above atmospheric pressure without air escaping through the exhaust valve (3) during intake.
It would be advisable for the system to be used in combination with direct fuel injection, as otherwise the volume about which the secondary valves are situated may retain a small amount of un burned fuel mix that would be lost during the exhaust stroke, in which case the system would continue to benefit performance but would severely compromise efficiency. Furthermore, following the exhaust stroke, a small amount of hot gas may be left in the said volume, which, depending on engine tuning and running speed, could potentially cause an air-fuel mix to pre-combust on the intake stroke.
In operation the primary valve remains shut during the compression stroke and power stroke, then opens for the duration of the exhaust stroke and intake stroke. Combined, the compression stroke and power stroke occur over roughly one revolution of the crankshaft, and then the exhaust stroke and intake stroke occur over the following revolution of the crankshaft. Therefore, with valve activity for one of the two revolutions that occur over the four stroke cycle, the camshaft used to time the primary valve must be geared down to half or less of the speed of the crankshaft. In the diagram the camshaft is geared down to half the speed of the crankshaft, dictating that each half revolution of cam shaft has effective control over valve activity for one full revolution of crankshaft. If cam activated valves where used for secondary valves, they would require a cam system that forced each to open for the duration of roughly one piston stroke' (half a revolution of the crankshaft) as in most four stroke engines. The secondary valves could be easily operated using cams along the same cam shaft as those for the primary valve.
Drawing labels: 1 Primary valve.
z secondary intake port valve.
3 Secondary exhaust port valve.
4 Piston.
Combustion cylinder.
6 Crankshaft.
7 Secondary gas volume.
8 Piston rod.
9 Cylinder head.
Combustion chamber.
11 Cam-shaft.
12 Primary valve control cam.
13 Flywheel/counter weight.
14 Cam system drive belt.
Push rod.
16 valve rocker.
17 valve return spring.
18 Crank case.
19 Heat-sync.
Gudgeon pin.
21 Oil well.
22 Exhaust port.
23 Small toothed belt sprocket.
24 Large toothed belt sprocket.
Crank pin

Claims (5)

  1. CLAIMS: 1. An internal combustion engine operating a four-stroke cycle, and comprising a typical combustion cylinder (5), piston (4), piston rod (8), and crankshaft (6) layout, its cylinder head (9) featuring a single primary valve (1) to manage the flow of gasses in and out of the cylinder (5), in conjunction with two or more secondary valves (2)&(3) to direct gas flow during intake and exhaust independently, the primary valve (1) being the only valve on the internal surface of the combustion chamber (10), the secondary valves (2)&(3) being situated about a volume (7) on the cold side of the primary valve (1); (down-stream from the primary valve during exhaust and up-stream from the primary valve during intake), wherein the primary valve(1) opens for roughly the duration of one of the two revolutions of the crankshaft (6) that occur during each cycle, starting from a point when the piston (4) is near the bottom of the cylinder(5), and wherein the secondary valves (2)&(3) are active while the primary valve (1) is in the open position, each secondary valve opening for roughly the duration of half a revolution of the crankshaft (6) to allow the passage of either exhaust or fresh air.
  2. 2. The engine in claim 1, wherein the primary valve is controlled mechanically by a geared linkage to the crankshaft.
  3. 3. The engine in claim 2, wherein the primary valve is a poppet valve, controlled by a camshaft that is geared down to half or less of the angular velocity of the crankshaft.
  4. 4. The engine in claim 1, wherein the secondary valves are pressure actuated valves, each allowing gas flow in one direction but not the opposing direction, such as with read valves.
  5. 5. The engine in claim 1, wherein the secondary valves are governed mechanically, by a geared linkage to the crankshaft, such as a camshaft.
GB201212110A 2012-07-06 2012-07-06 Hybrid-valve four stroke engine Withdrawn GB2503745A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB201212110A GB2503745A (en) 2012-07-06 2012-07-06 Hybrid-valve four stroke engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB201212110A GB2503745A (en) 2012-07-06 2012-07-06 Hybrid-valve four stroke engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201212110D0 GB201212110D0 (en) 2012-08-22
GB2503745A true GB2503745A (en) 2014-01-08

Family

ID=46766307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB201212110A Withdrawn GB2503745A (en) 2012-07-06 2012-07-06 Hybrid-valve four stroke engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2503745A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105888762A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-08-24 戴竣鹏 Single-valve engine

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB339710A (en) * 1929-10-03 1930-12-18 Ernie Adamson Improvements in the valves and cylinder heads of internal combustion engines
GB355812A (en) * 1930-05-29 1931-08-31 Harry Ralph Ricardo Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines of the liquid fuel injection compression ignition type
GB565748A (en) * 1943-04-23 1944-11-27 Alfred Boorer Improvements in or relating to valve gear of internal-combustion engines
US2742028A (en) * 1952-11-28 1956-04-17 Jacob G Robinson Valve mechanism
WO1991010046A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-07-11 Armando Romano Cylindre head for reciprocating endothermic engines provided with at least one valve actuated either for suction or for exhaust
WO1992014040A1 (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-08-20 Piotr Marszalkiewicz The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine
GB2261025A (en) * 1991-10-29 1993-05-05 Malcolm Francis John Beken Four-stroke engine inlet and exhaust valving
GB2361031A (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-10 Tomas Teixeira Multifunction valve i.c. piston engine
FR2812907A1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2002-02-15 Eric Pierre Emile Valat Gas flow control, for heat engine, consists of single valve situated below a common chamber, to which both inlet and exhaust pipes are connected, and separated by flap valves.
US20110277711A1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-17 Gonigman Itzhak Method and system for internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB339710A (en) * 1929-10-03 1930-12-18 Ernie Adamson Improvements in the valves and cylinder heads of internal combustion engines
GB355812A (en) * 1930-05-29 1931-08-31 Harry Ralph Ricardo Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines of the liquid fuel injection compression ignition type
GB565748A (en) * 1943-04-23 1944-11-27 Alfred Boorer Improvements in or relating to valve gear of internal-combustion engines
US2742028A (en) * 1952-11-28 1956-04-17 Jacob G Robinson Valve mechanism
WO1991010046A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-07-11 Armando Romano Cylindre head for reciprocating endothermic engines provided with at least one valve actuated either for suction or for exhaust
WO1992014040A1 (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-08-20 Piotr Marszalkiewicz The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine
GB2261025A (en) * 1991-10-29 1993-05-05 Malcolm Francis John Beken Four-stroke engine inlet and exhaust valving
GB2361031A (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-10 Tomas Teixeira Multifunction valve i.c. piston engine
FR2812907A1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2002-02-15 Eric Pierre Emile Valat Gas flow control, for heat engine, consists of single valve situated below a common chamber, to which both inlet and exhaust pipes are connected, and separated by flap valves.
US20110277711A1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-17 Gonigman Itzhak Method and system for internal combustion engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105888762A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-08-24 戴竣鹏 Single-valve engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201212110D0 (en) 2012-08-22

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