WO1992014040A1 - The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992014040A1
WO1992014040A1 PCT/PL1992/000003 PL9200003W WO9214040A1 WO 1992014040 A1 WO1992014040 A1 WO 1992014040A1 PL 9200003 W PL9200003 W PL 9200003W WO 9214040 A1 WO9214040 A1 WO 9214040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valves
exhaust
intake
main
internal combustion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL1992/000003
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Piotr Marszalkiewicz
Original Assignee
Piotr Marszalkiewicz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Piotr Marszalkiewicz filed Critical Piotr Marszalkiewicz
Publication of WO1992014040A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992014040A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/28—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of coaxial valves; characterised by the provision of valves co-operating with both intake and exhaust ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • valve timing of a four -stroke internal combustion engine The method of a valve timing of a four -stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine.
  • the invention refers to the method of a valve timing of a four -stroke internal combustion engine, that is to say , to the method of delivering a charge to an engine cylinder and removing exhaust gases and controlling these processes in accordance with a four -stroke circle, and also to the valve timing mechanism device comprising a system of valves that control an inlet of charge to a total cylinder volume and control an outlet of the exhaust gases from the said volume by the method according to the invention.
  • the most frequently used method of the valve timing of four-stroke internal combustion engine is a valve timing with poppet valves. Heads of such engines are provided with at least one intake valve and one exhaust valve for each cylinder. By opening or closing in a strictly synchronised method the intake valve control the inlet of a charge from the intake manifold to the total cylinder volume while exhaust valve control the outlet of the exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume to the exhaust manifold.
  • the charge can consist of air or air- fuel mixture.
  • the performance of internal combustion engine depends considerably on the amount of the charge delivered to the total cylinder volume expressed with the filling factor and also on the efficiency of removing the exhaust gases from the cylinder.
  • the parameter that restricts replacement of the charge and removal of the exhaust gases both quantitatively and qualitatively is the size of intake and exhaust holes in the cylinder head that are opened and closed with the valves through which the movement of the charge and exhaust gases takes place.
  • multiple -valve heads with multiplied quantity of valves in each cylinder e.g. - two intake valves and one exhaust valve
  • the method and the device according to the invention have to ensure the delivery of greater amount of the charge to the total cylinder volume and to remove the exhaust gases more efficiently than in the known designs.
  • the essence of the method and device according to the invention consists in that the total cylinder volume is connected to a device delivering the charge and to a device receiving the exhaust gases through a common intermediate chamber.
  • the intermediate chamber is connected to the total cylinder volume through main valves, to the intake manifold through the intake valves and to the exhaust manifold through the exhaust valves.
  • the main valves there is performed alternating inlet of the charge from the intermediate chamber to the total cylinder volume or outlet of exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume to the intermediate chamber; the number of these valves preferably poppet valves is facultative and this goals can be fulfilled also by one main valve only of properly large size for a given cross- flow section.
  • the number and type of design of the intake and exhaust valves for each cylinder are facultative. Opening and closing of the main, intake and exhaust valves is mutually synchronized in the way ensuring accomplishment of succeeding working strokes of the engine.
  • the method of the valve timing according to the invention is shown schematically in the drawing in which fig. 1 shows the succeeding strokes of the four -strokes internal combustion engine.
  • the intake stroke is performed in such a way that during the piston movement from T.D.C. to B.D.C., the charge gets from the intake manifold through the open intake valves 2, with the exhaust valves 3 closed, into intermediate chamber 4 and further through the open main valves 5 to the total cylinder volume 6;
  • the compression stroke is performed in such a way that with the intake valves 2 and exhaust valves 3 at any operation position and the main valves 5 closed, the total cylinder volume 6_ is closed making it possible the compression of the charge by the piston moving from B.D.C. to T.D.C.;
  • the working stroke is performed in such a way that, with the intake valves 2 and exhaust valves 3_ at any position and with the main valves 5 closed, the charge compressed in the total cylinder volume 6 is ignited and causes the piston movement from T.D.C. to B.D.C.;
  • the exhaust stroke is performed in such a way that with the piston movement from B.D.C. to T.D.C., the exhaust gases are passed from the total cylinder volume 6 through the open main valves 5 to the intermediate chamber 4 and from here, with the intake valves 2 closed are fed through the open exhaust valves 3 to the exhaust manifold 7.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible the inlet of the charge to the total cylinder volume and removing the exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume through all the valves existing in the cylinder e.g. in the head according to the invention with four main valves for each cylinder - through all four valves, so that the filling factor of the cylinder and the efficiency of removing the exhaust gases are improved substantially.
  • Fig.l Method of valve timing according to the invention formulated schematically.
  • Fig.2 and Fig.3 Example of implementation of the valve timing mechanism device according to the invention for a Diesel engine.
  • FIG.4 and Fig.5 Example of implementation of valve timing mechanism device according to the invention for a spark -ignition engine.
  • the device according to the invention working in compliance with the method according to the invention is shown in the example of implementation of the valve timing system of the four -stroke Diesel engine with a direct injection illustrated in the drawing in which fig.2 shows a vertical section of a head while fig.3 shows a cross -section illustrating schematically the arrangement of the valves.
  • the head comprises the intermediate chamber 8 limited in space by the walls of the head, poppet intake valves £, poppet exhaust valves 10 and the poppet main valve 11.
  • Two intake valves 9 connect the intermediate chamber 8 to the intake manifold 12
  • two exhaust valves .10 connect the intermediate chamber 8 to the exhaust manifold 13
  • the single main valve .11 connects the intermediate chamber 8 to the total cylinder volume ,14.
  • the intake valves 9, exhaust valves 10 as well as the main valve ⁇ . are set in motion by means of known devices in the way making the four -stroke cycle of the engine possible.
  • the fig.2 and fig.3 there is shown the working state of the valves during the exhaust stroke
  • FIG.4 shows a vertical section of the head
  • fig.5 shows a cross-section illustrating the arrangement of the valves.
  • the head comprises the intermediate chamber 15 limited in space with the head walls, poppet intake valve 16, poppet exhaust valve 17 and the poppet main valve 18.
  • the single intake valve 16 connects the intermediate chamber 15 to the intake manifold 19
  • the single exhaust valve 17 connects the intermediate chamber 15 to the exhaust manifold 20
  • the single main valve 18 connects the intermediate chamber 15 to the total cylinder volume 21.
  • the intake valve 16, exhaust valve 17 and the main valve 18 are set in motion by means of known devices in the way making a four-stroke cycle of the engine possible.
  • fig.4 and fig.5 there is shown the working state of valves during the intake stroke.

Abstract

The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and a valve timing mechanism device have a purpose to improve the filling of a cylinder with a charge and efficient removal of exhaust gases due to that, that both the inlet of the charge to the cylinder and the outlet of the exhaust gases is performed alternatively through all the cylinder valves. The inlet of the charge to the cylinder and the outlet of the exhaust gases is performed alternatively through the common intermediate chamber (4) connected to the intake manifold (1) through the intake valves (2), to exhaust manifold (7) through the exhaust valves (3) and to the total cylinder volume (6) through the main valves (5) controlling the inlet of the charge thereto or outlet of the exhaust gases, while the number of the main valves, preferable of poppet-type belonging to each cylinder is optional and this function can be also fulfilled by one main valve (5) only. Application to all kinds of piston internal combustion engines working according to a four-stroke cycle.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
Title of invention
The method of a valve timing of a four -stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine.
Field of technology
The invention refers to the method of a valve timing of a four -stroke internal combustion engine, that is to say , to the method of delivering a charge to an engine cylinder and removing exhaust gases and controlling these processes in accordance with a four -stroke circle, and also to the valve timing mechanism device comprising a system of valves that control an inlet of charge to a total cylinder volume and control an outlet of the exhaust gases from the said volume by the method according to the invention.
State of art of technology
The most frequently used method of the valve timing of four-stroke internal combustion engine is a valve timing with poppet valves. Heads of such engines are provided with at least one intake valve and one exhaust valve for each cylinder. By opening or closing in a strictly synchronised method the intake valve control the inlet of a charge from the intake manifold to the total cylinder volume while exhaust valve control the outlet of the exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume to the exhaust manifold. The charge can consist of air or air- fuel mixture. The performance of internal combustion engine depends considerably on the amount of the charge delivered to the total cylinder volume expressed with the filling factor and also on the efficiency of removing the exhaust gases from the cylinder. The parameter that restricts replacement of the charge and removal of the exhaust gases both quantitatively and qualitatively is the size of intake and exhaust holes in the cylinder head that are opened and closed with the valves through which the movement of the charge and exhaust gases takes place. In order to improve the filling of the cylinder with the charge and to remove the exhaust gases in more efficient way there are used multiple -valve heads with multiplied quantity of valves in each cylinder, e.g. - two intake valves and one exhaust valve,
- two intake valves and two exhaust valves,
- three intake valves and two or three exhaust valves in extremely technologically sophisticated designs.
Increasing the number of valves in the cylinder is technologically difficult due to the size restrictions of the combustion chamber, design problems of the valve drive and results in a slight increase of the efficiency of the cylinder filling and emptying since the flow of gases through the valves and walls of the combustion chamber, that are closed to each other , is disturbed. Even in such complicated designs like cylinder heads with five or six valves for each cylinder, the need to find room in the combustion chamber for the intake and exhaust valves simultaneously, limits the flow cross-section both for the charge and exhaust gases and does not improve the filling and emptying of the cylinder substantially.
Disclose of invention
The method and the device according to the invention have to ensure the delivery of greater amount of the charge to the total cylinder volume and to remove the exhaust gases more efficiently than in the known designs. The essence of the method and device according to the invention consists in that the total cylinder volume is connected to a device delivering the charge and to a device receiving the exhaust gases through a common intermediate chamber. The intermediate chamber is connected to the total cylinder volume through main valves, to the intake manifold through the intake valves and to the exhaust manifold through the exhaust valves. Through the main valves there is performed alternating inlet of the charge from the intermediate chamber to the total cylinder volume or outlet of exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume to the intermediate chamber; the number of these valves preferably poppet valves is facultative and this goals can be fulfilled also by one main valve only of properly large size for a given cross- flow section. The number and type of design of the intake and exhaust valves for each cylinder are facultative. Opening and closing of the main, intake and exhaust valves is mutually synchronized in the way ensuring accomplishment of succeeding working strokes of the engine. The method of the valve timing according to the invention is shown schematically in the drawing in which fig. 1 shows the succeeding strokes of the four -strokes internal combustion engine.
- the intake stroke is performed in such a way that during the piston movement from T.D.C. to B.D.C., the charge gets from the intake manifold through the open intake valves 2, with the exhaust valves 3 closed, into intermediate chamber 4 and further through the open main valves 5 to the total cylinder volume 6;
- the compression stroke is performed in such a way that with the intake valves 2 and exhaust valves 3 at any operation position and the main valves 5 closed, the total cylinder volume 6_ is closed making it possible the compression of the charge by the piston moving from B.D.C. to T.D.C.;
- the working stroke is performed in such a way that, with the intake valves 2 and exhaust valves 3_ at any position and with the main valves 5 closed, the charge compressed in the total cylinder volume 6 is ignited and causes the piston movement from T.D.C. to B.D.C.;
- the exhaust stroke is performed in such a way that with the piston movement from B.D.C. to T.D.C., the exhaust gases are passed from the total cylinder volume 6 through the open main valves 5 to the intermediate chamber 4 and from here, with the intake valves 2 closed are fed through the open exhaust valves 3 to the exhaust manifold 7.
As compared with the known solutions of the valve timing of four -stroke internal combustion engines with the so called multiple- valve heads with, for example four, five or six valves for one cylinder, where inlet of the charge is performed only through two or three inlet valves while the exhaust through two or three exhaust valves, the method according to the invention makes it possible the inlet of the charge to the total cylinder volume and removing the exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume through all the valves existing in the cylinder e.g. in the head according to the invention with four main valves for each cylinder - through all four valves, so that the filling factor of the cylinder and the efficiency of removing the exhaust gases are improved substantially.
Description to the figures of the drawing
Fig.l - Method of valve timing according to the invention formulated schematically. Fig.2 and Fig.3 - Example of implementation of the valve timing mechanism device according to the invention for a Diesel engine.
Fig.4 and Fig.5 - Example of implementation of valve timing mechanism device according to the invention for a spark -ignition engine.
The best ways of implementation of the invention The device according to the invention working in compliance with the method according to the invention is shown in the example of implementation of the valve timing system of the four -stroke Diesel engine with a direct injection illustrated in the drawing in which fig.2 shows a vertical section of a head while fig.3 shows a cross -section illustrating schematically the arrangement of the valves. The head comprises the intermediate chamber 8 limited in space by the walls of the head, poppet intake valves £, poppet exhaust valves 10 and the poppet main valve 11. Two intake valves 9 connect the intermediate chamber 8 to the intake manifold 12, two exhaust valves .10 connect the intermediate chamber 8 to the exhaust manifold 13, the single main valve .11 connects the intermediate chamber 8 to the total cylinder volume ,14. The intake valves 9, exhaust valves 10 as well as the main valve π. are set in motion by means of known devices in the way making the four -stroke cycle of the engine possible. In the fig.2 and fig.3 there is shown the working state of the valves during the exhaust stroke
Another modification of the device according to the invention working in compliance with the method according to the invention is presented in the example of implementation of a valve timing system of a four-stroke internal combustion spark- ignition engine with a fuel injection illustrated in the drawing in which fig.4 shows a vertical section of the head while fig.5 shows a cross-section illustrating the arrangement of the valves. The head comprises the intermediate chamber 15 limited in space with the head walls, poppet intake valve 16, poppet exhaust valve 17 and the poppet main valve 18. The single intake valve 16 connects the intermediate chamber 15 to the intake manifold 19, the single exhaust valve 17 connects the intermediate chamber 15 to the exhaust manifold 20 while the single main valve 18 connects the intermediate chamber 15 to the total cylinder volume 21. The intake valve 16, exhaust valve 17 and the main valve 18 are set in motion by means of known devices in the way making a four-stroke cycle of the engine possible. In fig.4 and fig.5 there is shown the working state of valves during the intake stroke.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine characteristic in that the inlet of a charge to a total cylinder volume and the outlet of exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume is performed alternatively through a common intermediate chamber connected to the total cylinder volume through main valves and to an intake manifold through intake valves and to an exhaust manifold through exhaust valves.
2. The method according to the claim 1, characteristic in that the inlet of the charge to the total cylinder volume or outlet of the exhaust gases from the total cylinder volume is performed through the main valves and the number of these valves for each cylinder is facultative and that these functions can be performed by one main valve only.
3. The method according to the claim 1, characteristic in that the functioning of the intake valves, exhaust valves and the main valves of known design and optional numbers of them for each cylinder, is synchronised in such a way that the intake stroke is performed with the exhaust valves closed and the intake valves as well as the main valves opened, the exhaust stroke is performed with the intake valves closed and the exhaust valves as well as the main valves opened, the compression stroke and the working stroke are performed with the main valves closed while the functional state of the intake valves and the exhaust valves is optional.
4. The valve timing mechanism device of the four-stroke internal combustion engine characteristic in that the intermediate chamber £8} positioned in the head above the total cylinder volume (14. is equipped in its lower part with a set of the main valves (11.. preferably of a poppet- type, connecting it to the total cylinder volume- (14) and in its upper part is equipped with a set of the intake valves £9) of known design, for example of a poppet- type, connecting it to the intake manifold (12. and with a set of the exhaust valves (10) of known design, e.g. of poppet- type, positioned opposite thereto and connecting it to the exhaust manifold (13).
5. The device according to the claim 4 characteristic in that the number of the main valves connecting the intermediate chamber £8} to the total cylinder volume (14) is optional and the function can be performed by one main valve (11) only.
PCT/PL1992/000003 1991-02-07 1992-02-04 The method of a valve timing of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and the valve timing mechanism device of a four-stroke internal combustion engine WO1992014040A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PLP-288988 1991-02-07
PL28898891A PL288988A1 (en) 1991-02-07 1991-02-07 Method of timing operation of a four-stroke internal combustion engine and timing gear therefor

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992014040A1 true WO1992014040A1 (en) 1992-08-20

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PL (1) PL288988A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992014040A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2130941A1 (en) * 1996-06-14 1999-07-01 Bruggen Willy Roland V D Single-valve system for the cylinder head of four-stroke internal-combustion engines
FR2780093A3 (en) * 1998-06-23 1999-12-24 Roger Lecal I.c. engine valve pre-distribution mechanism
GB2361031A (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-10 Tomas Teixeira Multifunction valve i.c. piston engine
ES2176079A1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2002-11-16 Cabello Antonio Pascual IC engine distribution system with a rotary valve, includes a volumetric compressor and control discs with conventional valves
NL1025502C2 (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-19 Otto Pruisscher Gas exchange is for four-stroke cycle, internal combustion engine of the Otto or Diesel type and involves a single valve in contact with the combustion chamber
WO2007098195A2 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-08-30 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Methods and apparatus to use engine valves as both intake and exhaust valves
GR20080100129A (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-25 Κωνσταντινος Δημητριου Θεοχαρης Camshaft with cams of 180 and 90 degrees celcium and cylinder head with single input-output sleeve
EP2569518A2 (en) * 2010-05-13 2013-03-20 Itzhak Gonigman Method and system for internal combustion engine
CN103133077A (en) * 2011-11-23 2013-06-05 韩国文 Engine double type auxiliary air valve
GB2503745A (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-08 Ben Luke Kardoosh Hybrid-valve four stroke engine
EP2808504A1 (en) * 2013-05-29 2014-12-03 Mica Stanojevic Combustion engine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416512A (en) * 1943-04-23 1947-02-25 Boorer Alfred Valve gear of internal-combustion engines
DE3520872A1 (en) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-11 Wiho 2161 Twielenfleth Stümpel Method for reducing the wear of control devices in internal combustion engines and device for performing the method
FR2629518A1 (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-06 Renaud Kerbrat Internal combustion engine and cylinder head for such an engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416512A (en) * 1943-04-23 1947-02-25 Boorer Alfred Valve gear of internal-combustion engines
DE3520872A1 (en) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-11 Wiho 2161 Twielenfleth Stümpel Method for reducing the wear of control devices in internal combustion engines and device for performing the method
FR2629518A1 (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-06 Renaud Kerbrat Internal combustion engine and cylinder head for such an engine

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2130941A1 (en) * 1996-06-14 1999-07-01 Bruggen Willy Roland V D Single-valve system for the cylinder head of four-stroke internal-combustion engines
FR2780093A3 (en) * 1998-06-23 1999-12-24 Roger Lecal I.c. engine valve pre-distribution mechanism
GB2361031A (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-10-10 Tomas Teixeira Multifunction valve i.c. piston engine
ES2176079A1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2002-11-16 Cabello Antonio Pascual IC engine distribution system with a rotary valve, includes a volumetric compressor and control discs with conventional valves
NL1025502C2 (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-19 Otto Pruisscher Gas exchange is for four-stroke cycle, internal combustion engine of the Otto or Diesel type and involves a single valve in contact with the combustion chamber
WO2007098195A3 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-12-27 Sturman Digital Systems Llc Methods and apparatus to use engine valves as both intake and exhaust valves
WO2007098195A2 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-08-30 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Methods and apparatus to use engine valves as both intake and exhaust valves
GR20080100129A (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-25 Κωνσταντινος Δημητριου Θεοχαρης Camshaft with cams of 180 and 90 degrees celcium and cylinder head with single input-output sleeve
EP2569518A2 (en) * 2010-05-13 2013-03-20 Itzhak Gonigman Method and system for internal combustion engine
EP2569518A4 (en) * 2010-05-13 2014-03-19 Itzhak Gonigman Method and system for internal combustion engine
CN103133077A (en) * 2011-11-23 2013-06-05 韩国文 Engine double type auxiliary air valve
GB2503745A (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-08 Ben Luke Kardoosh Hybrid-valve four stroke engine
EP2808504A1 (en) * 2013-05-29 2014-12-03 Mica Stanojevic Combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1184492A (en) 1992-09-07
PL288988A1 (en) 1991-08-26

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