GB2457591A - Auxiliary frame for the front axle of a vehicle - Google Patents

Auxiliary frame for the front axle of a vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2457591A
GB2457591A GB0902929A GB0902929A GB2457591A GB 2457591 A GB2457591 A GB 2457591A GB 0902929 A GB0902929 A GB 0902929A GB 0902929 A GB0902929 A GB 0902929A GB 2457591 A GB2457591 A GB 2457591A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
auxiliary frame
junction
crash
frame according
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0902929A
Other versions
GB2457591B (en
GB0902929D0 (en
GB2457591A8 (en
Inventor
Micheal Klandt
Reinhard Kunert
Jan Hogenmueller
Andreas Munzert
Norbert Schote
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of GB0902929D0 publication Critical patent/GB0902929D0/en
Publication of GB2457591A publication Critical patent/GB2457591A/en
Publication of GB2457591A8 publication Critical patent/GB2457591A8/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2457591B publication Critical patent/GB2457591B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/152—Front or rear frames
    • B62D21/155—Sub-frames or underguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B62D21/05—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members pinched frame type, i.e. formed of at least two longitudinal frame sections connected by other longitudinal frame sections of lesser transverse dimension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/60—Subframe construction
    • B60G2206/606—Complex constructions

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Auxiliary frame 1 for the front axle of a motor vehicle comprising a transverse member 2 with an integrated crash element 2a, wherein junction elements 3,4 to which longitudinally extending crash elements 18,19 of a longitudinal member 6 are fastened, are connected to the ends of the transverse member. Mountings for control arms of a wheel suspension 17 and mountings for an engine suspension are provided on the junction element 3,4. Lateral rigidity is achieved by means of reinforcing elements 10 in the front and rear region of the auxiliary frame 2. Furthermore, a transversely arranged bridge-type support 7 is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal members 6. The auxiliary frame 2 is connected to the vehicle body via the bridge-type support 7, the junction elements 3,4 and via a further connection in the region of the rear crash elements.

Description

An auxiliary frame for a front axle of a motor vehicle The invention relates to an auxiliary frame for a front axle of a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
DE 199 09 945 Cl discloses a subframe comprising a framework of longitudinal and transverse members, wherein mountings for wheel control arms are provided on the longitudinal members and mountings for a drive assembly are arranged on the framework.
The invention seeks to provide an auxiliary frame which is constructed as a preassembled unit for mounting a drive assembly and wheel control arms and which, in the possible event of crashes, has an energy-absorbing effect and ensures stable control-arm bearing points for a wheel suspension.
According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Further advantageous features are contained in the sub-claims.
The advantages principally achieved by the invention consist in that the auxiliary frame can be preassembled and installed as a structural unit and, by means of reinforcing elements, forms a stiffened structure for the front axle and for the wheel suspension of a motor vehicle and therefore has a laterally stable connection of the control-arm bearing points. In the longitudinal and transverse directions, the auxiliary frame has optimum energy absorption in crash situations owing to crash elements which are inserted into the transverse member and into the longitudinal members.
This is achieved in particular in that junction elements are connected to each end of a transverse member of the auxiliary frame and comprise junction portions for connection to the longitudinal members and the transverse member. A first junction portion, which extends forwards in relation to the direction of travel, in each case receives a longitudinal member with a crash element, to the end of which a transversely arranged bridge-type support is connected. The second junction portion, which extends rearwards in relation to the direction of travel, is connected to the other longitudinal member, which consists of crash elements which are held on the junction element by means of a reinforcing element.
The auxiliary frame is fastened approximately centrally to the vehicle body via the two junction elements, which are arranged as so-called domes on the longitudinal sides of the auxiliary frame. They are connectable at the top end to the vehicle body via bearing points, and at the bottom end these junction elements have transversely and longitudinally extending junction portions for connection to the front and rear crash elements and to a crash element integrated into the transverse member. In particular, the junction elements each have, in the junction portions extending transversely inwards, a receiver for an engine mount, wherein the one receiver in the junction portion is closed in a circular manner and the other receiver in the junction portion is open in a semi-circular manner. Owing to these junction portions on the junction element in the longitudinal and transverse directions, a stable connection to the adjacent crash elements is possible, for example by means of a welded connection. Owing to the formation of the junction element as, for example, a casting with direct connection to the vehicle body, stable mounting of an internal-combustion engine is ensured. The junction portion extending longitudinally rearwards in relation to the direction of travel has in each case a bearing receiver arranged transversely on its outside for a wheel control arm or a transverse control arm. Furthermore, a first crash element extending in the longitudinal direction is connected to the junction portion and has passage openings for a steering arrangement and a stabiiser. This crash element comprises a cr0 sspiece with internal ribbing and is connected at its free end to the junction portion of the junction element. The two passage openings are bounded by vertically extending supporting pillars with internal ribbing. The second adjacent crash element is connected to this first crash element and is likewise provided with internal ribbing. It is supported against the end supporting pillar of the first crash element and, at its free rear end, is arranged opposite a bodywork structure of the vehicle body in a supporting manner.
According to the invention, the crash elements are arranged on the reinforcing element, which is provided at the base of the auxiliary frame and is constructed with x-shaped struts and longitudinally extending crosspieces, and the two crash elements are held on the crosspieces, wherein the one free end of the crosspiece is connectable to the junction element and the other, remote free end together with the free end of the second crash element is connectable to the vehicle body via a bearing point.
The x-shaped reinforcing element has openings between the x-struts, and stiffening plates are provided on its underside in the region of the crosspieces and in the intersection region of the struts. By means of this additional reinforcement, additional stiffening of the rear auxiliary frame is achieved and, at the same time, optimum lateral rigidity of the bearing points for the transverse control arm of a wheel suspension is achieved.
The front free ends of the longitudinal member or the crash element are connected to the transversely arranged bridge-type support, which has v-shaped latticework between an upper flange and a lower flange and, at its ends, has raised pillars which are connectable at their ends to the vehicle body via bearing points. The pillars on each side of the bridge-type support have longitudinally extending formations which form exterior bearing receivers for a transverse control arm of a wheel suspension, and the crash element is then fastened to the formations.
Owing to this arrangement and formation of the bridge-type support, additional stiffening of the front region of the auxiliary frame and lateral rigidity of the bearing points for the transverse control arm of the wheel suspension is achieved. For further stiffening, a u-shaped reinforcing element is arranged at the base of the auxiliary frame underneath the bridge-type support and the crash element and is fastened by its crosspiece to the lower flange of the bridge-type support and by its arms to the longitudinally extending formations of the junction element. The openings provided between the v-shaped latticework of the bridge-type support serve to ventilate the engine compartment and are provided for the radiator exhaust air.
An embodiment of the invention will be further described in the following and is shown in the drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of the auxiliary frame, seen obliquely from above; Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the auxiliary frame according to Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows a front view of a bridge-type support of the auxiliary frame; Fig. 4 shows a side view of the auxiliary frame, and Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the auxiliary frame, seen from below.
The auxiliary frame 1 substantially comprises a middle transverse member 2 with end junction elements 3 and 4 which are connected to longitudinal members 5 and 6 extending forwards and rearwards in relation to the direction of travel F. The front free ends of the longitudinal members 5 are connected to a transversely extending bridge-type support 7 and to a u-shaped reinforcing element 8. The rear longitudinal members 6 are fastened to an x-shaped reinforcing element 10.
S
The junction element 3 consists of a raised dome 11 with two junction portions 12 and 13 extending in the longitudinal direction L and further junction portions 14 extending in the transverse direction 0.
An energy-absorbing crash element 2a is arranged as a transverse member 2 between the junction portions 14 of the junction elements 3, 4. Furthermore, bearing openings 15, 16 for a respective engine mount are provided in the junction portions 14. The one bearing opening 15 is closed in a circular manner and the other bearing opening 16 is open in a semi-circular manner. A bearing point 32 is provided in the head of the junction element 3, 4 and is to be fastened to the vehicle body so that a fixed bodywork connection can be produced.
The end of the transverse member 2 is provided, in extension (plane x-x), with the bearing receiver 17 in the junction portion 13, wherein the junction element 3, 4 lies in front of the transverse member 2 in relation to the direction of travel.
The junction portion 13, extending in the longitudinal direction L, has a bearing receiver 17 for a transverse control arm of a wheel suspension, and two crash elements 18 and 19 forming the longitudinal member 6 are adjacently arranged.
The first crash element 18, which is directly adjacent to the bearing receiver 17, has a crosspiece 20 with ribbing 21 and supporting pillars 22 and 23, between which passage openings 24, 25 are formed. The passage opening 24 receives a steering arrangement (not shown) and the other passage opening 25 receives a stabiliser (not shown).
The first crash element 18 of the longitudinal member 6 is fastened by its free end to the junction portion 13 of the junction element 3, 4 at the bearing point 27. A fastening to the vehicle body is provided via a further bearing point 30. The second adjacent crash element 19 likewise has ribbing 28 and is connected at its end to the vehicle body via the bearing point 29 (Fig. 2). An outer contour A of the second crash element 19 is arranged directly opposite a bodywork structure K or a bodywork wail. In the event of a crash, first of all the first crash element 18 will have an energy-absorbing effect by being supported against the second crash element 19. The second crash element 19 then acts by being supported against the bodywork structure K. The x-shaped reinforcing element 10 is arranged underneath the two crash elements 18, 19 and is connected to the crash elements 18, 19.
These are arranged on longitudinally extending crosspieces 34 of the reinforcing element 10, which have between them the x-shaped struts 35, 36 which are connected to one another at an intersection 37. The reinforcing element 10 is connected to the junction element 3, 4 at the bearing point 38 on the junction portion 13 and at the bearing point 39 on the junction portion 14.
The reinforcing element 10 consists of a stamped, profiled sheet-metal part and, for partial reinforcement, is provided with inserts 40 in the crosspieces 34 and with an insert 41 in the intersection region 37.
A longitudinally extending longitudinal member 5 is fastened -in relation to the direction of travel F -to the forward junction portion 12 and comprises a crash element 5a which is connected at its free end to the transversely extending bridge-type support 7. For this purpose, the latter has an attachment 45 which is provided with a mounting 46 for a transverse control arm of a wheel suspension.
The bridge-type support 7 comprises, between a lower flange 47 and an upper flange 48, v-shaped ribbing formed by struts 49 which form air openings 50 between them. At the corners, in raised pillars P, the bridge-type support 7 has bearing points 51 which are connectable to the vehicle body. Additional stiffening of the front region of the auxiliary frame 1 is achieved by the u-shaped reinforcing element 8 arranged underneath the bridge-type support 7. The reinforcing element 8 is connected by its crosspiece to the bridge-type support 7 at the fastening points 55 and by its arms to the junction portion 12 of the junction element 3 at least at the fastening points 56.
The openings 50 between the struts 49 and the upper and the lower flange 47, 48 of the bridge-type support 7 are provided for ventilation of the engine compartment and for the radiator exhaust air.

Claims (14)

  1. Claims An auxiliary frame for a front axle of a motor vehicle having a framework fastened at multiple points to the vehicle body, at least comprising a transverse member connected to longitudinal members, on which mountings for wheel control arms and a drive assembly and for a steering arrangement are provided, wherein the framework of the auxiliary frame has, on its two spaced longitudinal sides, a junction element with junction portions in which the transverse member and the two longitudinal members are held, wherein the transverse member is connected to the junction portions, and a front longitudinal member is connected to the junction portion, and a rear longitudinal member is connected to the junction portion, and the two longitudinal members and the transverse member are constructed as energy-absorbing crash elements.
  2. 2. An auxiliary frame according to claim 1, wherein the junction elements each form a dome which is connectable at the top end to the vehicle body via a bearing point, and at the bottom end has the transversely and longitudinally extending junction portions for connection to the transverse member and the longitudinal members.
  3. 3. An auxiliary frame according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the junction elements each have, in the junction portions extending transversely inwards, a receiver for an engine mount, wherein the one receiver in the junction portion is closed in a circular manner and the other receiver is open in a semi-circular manner.
  4. 4. An auxiliary frame according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the junction portion extending longitudinally rearwards in relation to a direction of travel has in each case a bearing receiver which is transversely arranged on its outside and is connected to the first crash element which extends in the longitudinal direction and has passage openings.
  5. 5. An auxiliary frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first crash element comprises a crosspiece with internal ribbing and is connected at its free end to the junction portion of the junction elements and, on the crosspiece, comprises two vertically extending supporting pillars which bound the passage openings and are provided with ribbing.
  6. 6. An auxiliary frame according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second adjacent crash element is provided with ribbing, is connected to the first crash element and is supported against the end supporting piUar of the first crash element and, at its free rear end, is arranged opposite a bodywork structure of the vehicle body.
  7. 7. An auxiliary frame according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcing element is arranged at the base of the auxiliary frame and is constructed in an x-shaped manner with longitudinally extending crosspieces, and the two crash elements are held on the crosspieces, wherein the one free end of the crosspiece is connectable to the respective junction element and the other, remote free end together with the free end of the second crash element is connectable to the vehicle body via a respective bearing point. I0
  8. 8. An auxiliary frame according to claim 7, wherein the x-shaped reinforcing element is provided with openings between the x-struts and has stiffening plates on its underside in the region of the longitudinally extending crosspieces and in the intersection region.
  9. 9. An auxiliary frame according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the transversely arranged bridge-type support is constructed with v-shaped latticework between an upper flange and a lower flange and, at its ends, has raised pillars which are connectable at their ends to the vehicle body at the bearing point.
  10. 10. An auxiliary frame according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pillars on each side of the bridge-type support have longitudinally extending formations which comprise exterior bearing receivers, and the crash element is connected to the formations.
  11. 11. An auxiliary frame according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a u-shaped reinforcing element is arranged at the base of the auxiliary frame, underneath the bridge-type support and the crash element, and is fastened by its crosspiece to the lower flange of the bridge-type support and by its arm ends to the respective longitudinally extending junction portions of the junction element.
  12. 12. An auxiliary frame according to claim 7 or any claim dependent thereon, wherein the u-shaped reinforcing element and the x-shaped reinforcing element are formed in one piece.
  13. 13. An auxiliary frame according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bearing receiver in the junction portion of the junction l element is in each case arranged in a plane with the transverse member.
  14. 14. An auxiliary frame, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB0902929A 2008-02-22 2009-02-20 An auxiliary frame for a front axle of a motor vehicle Expired - Fee Related GB2457591B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008010553.8A DE102008010553B4 (en) 2008-02-22 2008-02-22 Subframe for a front axle of a motor vehicle

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0902929D0 GB0902929D0 (en) 2009-04-08
GB2457591A true GB2457591A (en) 2009-08-26
GB2457591A8 GB2457591A8 (en) 2009-09-30
GB2457591B GB2457591B (en) 2010-04-21

Family

ID=40565482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0902929A Expired - Fee Related GB2457591B (en) 2008-02-22 2009-02-20 An auxiliary frame for a front axle of a motor vehicle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (1) CN201484493U (en)
DE (1) DE102008010553B4 (en)
GB (1) GB2457591B (en)
IT (1) IT1393673B1 (en)

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US9216768B1 (en) 2014-09-09 2015-12-22 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle crash management apparatus and methods of use and manufacture thereof
CN105312372A (en) * 2014-08-05 2016-02-10 上海宝钢高新技术零部件有限公司 Car auxiliary frame and forming method
US9434416B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2016-09-06 Audi Ag Subframe for a motor vehicle
JP2017165318A (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 本田技研工業株式会社 Sub frame for vehicle
US20180079452A1 (en) * 2015-04-04 2018-03-22 Audi Ag Two-track vehicle
US9994256B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2018-06-12 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Stiffening element for a motor vehicle frame
US11220295B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2022-01-11 Daimler Ag Bodywork structure and bodywork for a passenger vehicle
WO2024012651A1 (en) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Volvo Truck Corporation An energy absorbing system of a vehicle frame assembly

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DE102008019593B4 (en) 2008-04-18 2023-08-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Subframe in the chassis area of a two-track vehicle
DE102010006674B4 (en) * 2010-02-03 2015-04-02 Audi Ag Profile node for a vehicle body
DE102010014109A1 (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Volkswagen Ag Vehicle e.g. passenger car, body, has profile-and corrugated members integrated in longitudinal sides of engine underride protection unit in lower base component, so that component fulfills function of protection unit and members
DE102010033333A1 (en) * 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Audi Ag Subframe for motor vehicle
DE102012201818B4 (en) 2012-02-07 2020-08-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Axle beam of a two-lane motor vehicle
DE102012103125A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Carrier structure for drive axle arrangement of motor vehicle e.g. car, has cross beam and auxiliary frame that are connected with vehicle chassis over bearing points and provided with bearing elements to receive vehicle assemblies
DE102012220871B4 (en) * 2012-11-15 2017-04-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft front axle
DE102013011546A1 (en) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-15 Audi Ag Subframe for a motor vehicle
DE102014206087A1 (en) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Node element for an axle carrier
JP6237748B2 (en) * 2015-11-11 2017-11-29 マツダ株式会社 Front subframe structure
CN105383563B (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-11-28 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of automobile accessory frame
DE102016000670B3 (en) 2016-01-22 2017-01-12 Audi Ag Subframe for a two-lane motor vehicle
US10479406B2 (en) * 2017-06-19 2019-11-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Motor vehicle assembly incorporating a front end module, a front suspension and a SORB structure
DE102017213267A1 (en) * 2017-08-01 2019-02-07 Audi Ag Subframe of a motor vehicle
DE102017123112A1 (en) * 2017-10-05 2019-04-11 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Front axle for a motor vehicle
DE102017126975B3 (en) 2017-11-16 2018-09-27 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Axle carrier with reinforcing bracket
DE102019205523B3 (en) 2019-04-16 2020-07-09 Audi Ag Motor vehicle with a subframe and subframe for a motor vehicle
RU197777U1 (en) * 2020-02-03 2020-05-28 Публичное акционерное общество "КАМАЗ" VEHICLE FRAME CROSS
CN111319686B (en) * 2020-03-24 2021-06-25 江铃汽车集团有限公司 Automobile body torsion box and automobile
DE102021115448A1 (en) 2021-06-15 2022-12-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Axle support for a motor vehicle, in particular for a passenger car, and motor vehicles

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9434416B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2016-09-06 Audi Ag Subframe for a motor vehicle
CN105312372A (en) * 2014-08-05 2016-02-10 上海宝钢高新技术零部件有限公司 Car auxiliary frame and forming method
US9216768B1 (en) 2014-09-09 2015-12-22 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle crash management apparatus and methods of use and manufacture thereof
US9994256B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2018-06-12 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Stiffening element for a motor vehicle frame
US20180079452A1 (en) * 2015-04-04 2018-03-22 Audi Ag Two-track vehicle
US10471993B2 (en) * 2015-04-04 2019-11-12 Audi Ag Two-track vehicle
JP2017165318A (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 本田技研工業株式会社 Sub frame for vehicle
US11220295B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2022-01-11 Daimler Ag Bodywork structure and bodywork for a passenger vehicle
WO2024012651A1 (en) * 2022-07-11 2024-01-18 Volvo Truck Corporation An energy absorbing system of a vehicle frame assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008010553B4 (en) 2023-07-20
GB2457591B (en) 2010-04-21
IT1393673B1 (en) 2012-05-08
DE102008010553A1 (en) 2009-08-27
CN201484493U (en) 2010-05-26
GB0902929D0 (en) 2009-04-08
GB2457591A8 (en) 2009-09-30
ITMI20090221A1 (en) 2009-08-23

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