GB2456564A - Environmentally friendly printing ink compositions - Google Patents
Environmentally friendly printing ink compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2456564A GB2456564A GB0800975A GB0800975A GB2456564A GB 2456564 A GB2456564 A GB 2456564A GB 0800975 A GB0800975 A GB 0800975A GB 0800975 A GB0800975 A GB 0800975A GB 2456564 A GB2456564 A GB 2456564A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ink
- printing ink
- ink according
- weight
- compostable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 chalk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical group OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002494 Zein Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012730 carminic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000736873 Tetraclinis articulata Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000189 Arabinogalactan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000123069 Ocyurus chrysurus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019312 arabinogalactan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N carminic acid Chemical compound OC1=C2C(=O)C=3C(C)=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=CC=3C(=O)C2=C(O)C(O)=C1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIUSSTSXXLLKKK-KOBPDPAPSA-N (1e,4z,6e)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(\O)=C\C(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 ZIUSSTSXXLLKKK-KOBPDPAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SATHPVQTSSUFFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[6-[(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-3,5-diol Chemical compound OC1C(OC)C(O)COC1OCC1C(O)C(OC)C(O)C(OC2C(C(CO)OC(C)C2O)O)O1 SATHPVQTSSUFFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000972 Agathis dammara Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001904 Arabinogalactan Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N Curcumin Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012754 curcumin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- JFVXEJADITYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].Oc1c([nH]c2ccc(cc12)S([O-])(=O)=O)C1=Nc2ccc(cc2C1=O)S([O-])(=O)=O JFVXEJADITYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 75
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 31
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- 244000211187 Lepidium sativum Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000007849 Lepidium sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000002864 food coloring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004106 carminic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940080423 cochineal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- XRIBIDPMFSLGFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)(C)CO XRIBIDPMFSLGFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001481710 Cerambycidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004859 Copal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000782205 Guibourtia conjugata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000334160 Isatis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010296 bead milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001056 green pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037824 growth disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036435 stunted growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004108 vegetable carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/08—Printing inks based on natural resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
A printing ink is compostable to European standard EN13432. The ink preferably includes a solvent e.g. water, ethanol, ethyl acetate; a binder resin e.g. a rosin, a soybean protein; and a pigment e.g. talc, chalk, kaolin. Also shown is a packaging material having the printing ink printed on it.
Description
£ Intellectual D Property Offic 3zc
For Cre .'ivily and Innovation
Application No. GB0800975.5 R.TM : 12 May 2008
The following terms are registered trademarks and should be read as such wherever they occur in this document:
EDENOL, TEXAPRINT, FOAMASTER, TEGO, LARAPRINT, EUROVIT
UK Intellectual Property Office is am operating name of The Patent Office
2456564
ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY INK COMPOSITIONS
The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly printing ink composition.
5 In recent years, attention has increasingly focussed on the impact of human activity on the environment, and much effort has gone into minimising this impact and avoiding the discharge of toxic, damaging, or merely undesirable, materials into the environment.
Packaging materials are among the most wasteful, and, in many ways, 10 dangerous, of materials. Although often presented as unnecessary, they are needed to carry or protect goods or to identify or secure them in shops. Accordingly, attempts axe regularly made to minimise their environmental impact, with varying, although to date, small, degrees of success.
No-one can be unaware of the pressure currently to avoid the use of plastic 15 carrier bags - this demonstrates one option for dealing with the problem, which is to educate the public, a process to which the public can sometimes be sadly resistant. Another option is to encourage reuse of such materials, an option which is also demonstrated by plastic carrier bags, where many supermarkets now offer the shopper the option of buying or even being given stronger and reusable bags.
20 A further option is to replace non-biodegradable materials with biodegradable ones. Thus, instead of making packaging out of a material that will merely be used for land fill and which will remain intact for centuries or even millennia, materials that can be digested by natural processes, ideally by composting, are used, thus not merely avoiding yet more land fill, but actually producing a useful product, the compost. The 25 European standard EN13432, for example, provides a standard for compostability which several packaging manufacturers are aiming to achieve or, indeed, have achieved.
In order to meet the requirements of this standard in relation to packaging, it is not necessary that each individual component of the packaging should meet its
2
requirements, rather the packaging as a whole must meet its requirements. Thus,
printed matter can meet the standard even though the ink used on the packaging itself does not. To date, where there has been an attempt to ensure that packaging meets the standard, this has been achieved by keeping the amount of ink below the percentage that 5 would trigger failure to meet the standard. Since inks commonly contain many petrochemical-derived materials, the inks used to date themselves would not meet the standard, and certainly would not be compostable. However, this has not been considered a problem since it has been possible to reduce the amount of ink so that the amount commonly used is very small in relation to the amount of substrate.
10 Nevertheless, we believe that it would be desirable to be able to compost the whole of such materials, including the ink, completely, and we have now surprisingly found that it is possible to make an ink which is perfectly compostable according to European standard EN13432.
Thus, the present invention consists in a printing ink which is compostable to 15 European standard EN13432.
Hereafter, where reference is made to a material being "compostable", this means that it is compostable to European standard EN13432.
A printing ink will contain at least the following components:
a solvent;
20 a binder resin;
a pigment.
However, in practice, several other components will also be present, as described in more detail hereafter. In order to achieve the desired compostability, we prefer that all of the materials used should be themselves compostable, although, in 25 actual practice, an ink may be acceptable provided that at least 50%, more preferably at least 80%, and most preferably 100%, of the dry ink film by weight of the components of the ink are compostable. Nonetheless, it is preferred that as much of the ink as possible should be compostable.
3
We also prefer that the components of the ink, or at least 50%, more preferably 80%, and most preferably 100%, of the dry ink film by weight of the components of the ink should be of natural origin, i.e. derived from natural products, other than products of the petrochemical industry, by simple separation or purification steps. Indeed, it is 5 preferred that as much of the ink as possible should be of natural origin, and most preferably essentially the whole of the components of the ink is of natural origin.
The nature of the solvent will depend on the resin chosen. However, it is preferred that the solvent should be water and so the resin is preferably chosen to enable this. Alternatively, where an organic solvent is required, this may be, for example, 10 ethanol or ethyl acetate. Preferably, the ethanol would be bioethanol, and the ethyl acetate would be naturally derived, for example from molasses. The solvent will preferably comprise from 50 to 70% by weight of the ink.
The nature of the binder resin will depend on the solvent used. In the case of a water-based ink, preferred resins include shellac, polysaccharide resins, 15 arabinogalactans, soybean proteins, or rosins (including tree rosin, copal and sandarac), of which sandarac is particularly preferred. In the case of solvent-based inks, preferred resins include: shellac, zein corn protein, tree rosin, sandarac or dammar. The resin will preferably comprise from 1 to 20% of the ink.
The third essential ingredient of the ink is a colorant. This may be a dye or 20 pigment. Examples include: carmine lake natural red 4 (cochineal), natural yellow 3 lake (from plants), madder lake natural red 9 (madder root), indigo lake natural blue 2 (woad), chlorophylin green lake (plant matter), vegetable or bone black, titanium white, iron oxides, talc, chalk, kaolin and other earth pigments. The colorant will preferably comprise from 1 to 20% by weight of the ink.
25 Optional components of the inks include:
waxes, for both water- and solvent- based inks, preferably carnauba wax or candelilla wax, and preferably in an amount of from 0.5 to 2% by weight of the ink;
plasticisers, for both water- and solvent- based inks, for example glycerol, castor oil, or other plant oil derivatives such as those sold under the trade names Edenol EFC
100 (ex Cognis Corporation), AEP 100 (ex Chimista, LLC), AEP 200 (ex Chimista, LLC) or Texaprint SDM (ex Cognis Corporation), preferably in an amount of from 1 to 5% by weight of the ink;
surfactants, for both water- and solvent- based inks, for example Lipotin A (ex Evonik Industries, a soya derivative) or Saponin surfactant (a natural plant surfactant), preferably in an amount of from 0.2 to 2% by weight of the ink.
In the case of water-based inks, further optional components may be present, for example:
anti-foaming agents, such as Foamaster 350 (a triglyceride ex Cognis Corporation) or Tego LA-E 685 (a natural vegetable oil ex Evonik Industries), preferably in an amount of from 0.2 to 1% by weight of the ink;
amines, such as ammonia, 2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-l-propanol (DMAMP) or monoethanolamine (MEA), preferably in an amount of from 1 to 5% by weight of the ink; and other additives, such as eucalyptus oil, or other antimicrobials, preferably in an amount of from 0.2 to 1% by weight of the ink.
The ink may be manufactured by simple mixing or by bead-milling if necessary in the usual way for this type of ink and may be used in various types of printing process, for example flexographic printing.
There is no particular restriction on the nature of the substrate on which the printing ink of the present invention is used. However, we prefer that this substrate should, like the printing ink, be compostable to European standard EN13432. The substrate may, for example, be a paper or cardboard, or it may be a plastics material.
The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting Examples.
EXAMPLES 1-4
The ingredients listed in the following Table 1 were mixed to form inks:
5
Table 1
Material
Supplier
Comment
Ex.1
Ex.2
Ex.3
Ex.4
Yellow
Green
Red
Black
Water
54.3
53.1
60.3
52.1
Shellac
Suter
Excretion of the lac beetle
15.8
17.5
12.5
17.5
Glycerol
Tennant
By-product of bioethanol from rapeseed
6.3
7.0
6.0
7.0
DMAMP
Banners
3.6
4.2
3.0
4.2
Lanco 1955 SF
Capricorn/Noveon
Camauba wax from palm leaves
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
Laraprint B50
Lonza
Arabinogalactan from larch leaves
3.0
1.5
1.5
3.0
Foamaster 350
Cognis
Triglyceride from plant oil
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Natural Yellow
Sensient Food Colours
Beta-carotene derived from carrots etc. *
15.8
-
-
-
Natural Green
Sensient Food Colours
Chlorophyll, the green pigment of plants *
-
16.0
-
-
Eurovit Carmine 2XYAJF
Sensient Food Colours
Laked red from cochineal beetles *
16.0
Eurovit Black P-WD E-153
Sensient Food Colours
Carbon black from vegetable matter
15.0
Total
100
100
100
100
* the natural dyes were laked onto a small amount of aluminium silicate which is produced by processing naturally occurring minerals
6
EXAMPLE 5
Shellac ink
25% Shellac 50.0
Foamaster 350 0.5
Lanco 1955 SF 0.5
Laraprint B50 6.5
Water 2.5
SunsperseRed 184 40
EXAMPLE 6
5 Natural ink
The following components were mixed to form an ink:
Water 28.5
25% Shellac 50.0
Cochineal Red PWD 16.0
Carnauba wax 0.5
Laraprint B50 1.5
Foamaster 350 0.5
Glycerol 3.0
7
EXAMPLE 7
Polysaccharide ink
The following components were mixed to form an ink:
Polysaccharide 37.5
Water 20.0
Foamaster 350 0.5
Lanco 1955 SF 0.5
Laraprint B50 1.5
TPQ4571 40
EXAMPLE 8 (Comparative)
5 Zein ink
The following components were mixed to form an ink:
Zein com protein 15.0
Glycerol 10.0.
Ketjenflex 8 Plasticiser (ex 10.0 Akzo Nobel Chemicals)
Water 15.0
n-propanol (ex Univar Ltd.) 50.0
8
EXAMPLE 9
Compost test
A set of cress tests was prepared, comparing inks of the present invention with the ink of Example 8 and a blank compost/sand standard. The inks were tested by the 5 coated sand method as set out in EN 13432.
The sand was coated with the inks to give the maximum amount of permitted test material which is 2% plus a safety factor of 10%, therefore 2.2% of the inks were incorporated in the compost under test.
The cress test is used to determine possible toxic effect of a test item to the 10 emergence and growth of terrestrial plants. The cress plant is chosen as a representative for dicotyledonous plants and because of its sensitive germination. The test includes germination and growth of the cress seeds in mixtures of reference substrate and compost. The germination rate is measured and at the end of the test, and the fresh yield weight of the plants is determined for each test series and compared with the blank 15 standard. Where there is no significant difference between the test compost and the blank compost, the test items residuals can be considered to be non toxic to plants.
The ink containing compost was prepared by mixing an exact amount of test item with mature compost to obtain a concentration of 2.2% dry ink in the final compost. This is the maximum test concentration used under EN 13432.
20 The inks were mixed 80 parts ink to 20 parts water. These dilute mixtures were added to dry sand at a concentration of 27.8% on a weight basis and thoroughly mixed. The water was evaporated off in an oven at 50°C until dry. 10% of the sand / ink mix was added to the mature compost to give a residue of 2.2% ink in the test compost, the maximum amount that would be tested. 10% of dry sand was added to the compost 25 control blank standard.
The cress plant growth tests were done in 250ml pots containing a mixture of compost and the ink coated sand to give the desired concentration of dry ink. These test composts were aged in dark humid conditions for four weeks at 25°C prior to planting with the cress seeds to lessen the effects of any toxic materials that may be present. The
9
minimum acceptable maturing period is 9 days under CN 13432 but 12 weeks is the full maturing period.
Once matured, 50ml of de-ionised water were added to each pot and 100 cress seeds put on the surface of each of the test pots. These were covered with a small 5 amount of sand and then a glass plate, this is to help retain the moisture.
The seeds were germinated in the dark for three days at 22°C and then allowed to grow in bright daylight conditions for a further four days before harvesting. Water was added in measured amounts to each pot as required.
The seedlings were then counted, to give the germination rate for each test 10 compost (Table 2), and then the above soil plant material was weighed to give the fresh plant yield (Table 3).
Table 2
Average Germination
Compost/sand
79.5
Compost/polysaccharide ink (Ex. 7)
92
Compost/zein ink (Ex. 8)
57
Compost/natural ink (Ex. 6)
77
Compost/shellac ink (Ex. 5)
75
10 Table 3
Test material
Average yield (in grammes)
Compost/sand
6.31
Compost/polysaccharide ink (Ex. 7)
6.275
Compost/zein ink (Ex. 8)
1.97
Compost/natural ink (Ex. 6)
6.28
Compost/shellac ink (Ex. 5)
6.48
The toxicity of possible residuals of the test item was evaluated by comparing the plant yield results of the test compost to the blank compost standard.
The average germination rate for all of the compost test mixes were not 5 significantly different from each other apart from the zein ink, which gave a much lower germination rate.
Even at the maximum test level, the Natural ink, Polysaccharide ink and the Shellac ink all gave plant germination and fresh cress yield values similar to the compost/sand only standard.
10 The cress seeds germinated and grown in the zein ink of cornstarch and sulphonamide plasticiser fared very badly, giving poor germination and very stunted growth. It is doubtful that any inks containing these items would pass the EN 13432 test.
Claims (19)
1. A printing ink which is compostable to European standard EN13432.
2. A printing ink according to Claim 1, in which at least 50% of the dry ink film by weight of the components of the ink are compostable to European standard EN13432.
3. A printing ink according to Claim 2, in which at least 80% of the dry ink film by weight of the components of the ink are compostable to European standard EN13432.
4. A printing ink according to Claim 1, in which essentially all of the components of the ink are compostable to European standard EN13432.
5. A printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims, in which at least 50% of the dry ink film by weight of the components of the ink are of natural origin, other than from the petrochemical industry.
6. A printing ink according to Claim 5, in which at least 80% of the dry ink film by weight of the components of the ink are of natural origin, other than from the petrochemical industry.
7. A printing ink according to Claim 6, in which essentially all of the components of the ink are of natural origin, other than from the petrochemical industry.
8. A printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims, comprising at least: a solvent; a binder resin; and a pigment.
9. A printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims, in which the solvent is water, ethanol or ethyl acetate.
10. A printing ink according to Claim 9, in which the solvent is water and the binder is shellac, a polysaccharide resin, an arabinogalactan, a soybean protein or a rosin.
11. A printing ink according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, in which the solvent is nonaqueous and the binder is shellac, zein corn protein, tree rosin, sandarac or dammar.
12
12. A printing ink according to Claim 9, in which the colorant is carmine lake natural red 4, natural yellow 3 lake, madder lake natural red 9, indigo lake natural blue 2, chlorophylin green lake, vegetable or bone black, titanium white, iron oxides, talc, chalk, kaolin or another earth pigment.
13. A printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims, in which a solvent comprises from 50 to 70% by weight of the ink.
14. A printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims, in which the binder comprises from 1 to 20% by weight of the ink..
15. A printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims, in which the colorant comprises from 1 to 20% by weight of the ink.
16. A packaging material comprising a substrate printed with a printing ink according to any one of the preceding Claims.
17. A packaging material according to Claim 16. in which the substrate is compostable to European standard EN 13432.
18. A packaging material according to Claim 17, in which the substrate is a paper or cardboard.
19. A packaging material according to Claim 17, in which the substrate is a plastics material.
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GB0800975A GB2456564A (en) | 2008-01-18 | 2008-01-18 | Environmentally friendly printing ink compositions |
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GB0800975A GB2456564A (en) | 2008-01-18 | 2008-01-18 | Environmentally friendly printing ink compositions |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130244850A1 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2013-09-19 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Method of producing a packaging material provided with a recurring pattern of print ink |
Citations (9)
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JPH08319445A (en) * | 1995-03-23 | 1996-12-03 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Biodegradable ink composition |
JP2001294792A (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-23 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Biodegradable covering agent and covered material |
JP2002179971A (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-06-26 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Printing ink |
JP2003147248A (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-21 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Ink composition |
GB2384479A (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-30 | Burralls Of Wisbech Ltd | Using biodegradable ink to increase the biodegradability of paper |
DE10256492A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-09-25 | Hueck Folien Gmbh | Biodegradable printing ink used in claimed font system for e.g. production of coated carriers with exactly-dimensioned uncoated areas such as security documents or data carriers |
JP2004238564A (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | Ink composition |
US20050215662A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2005-09-29 | Biomatera Inc. | Biodegradable flexographic ink |
JP2006111836A (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Kotobuki Seihan Printing Co Ltd | Biodegradable offset ink |
-
2008
- 2008-01-18 GB GB0800975A patent/GB2456564A/en active Pending
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08319445A (en) * | 1995-03-23 | 1996-12-03 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Biodegradable ink composition |
JP2001294792A (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-23 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Biodegradable covering agent and covered material |
JP2002179971A (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-06-26 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Printing ink |
JP2003147248A (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-21 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Ink composition |
DE10256492A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-09-25 | Hueck Folien Gmbh | Biodegradable printing ink used in claimed font system for e.g. production of coated carriers with exactly-dimensioned uncoated areas such as security documents or data carriers |
US20050215662A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2005-09-29 | Biomatera Inc. | Biodegradable flexographic ink |
GB2384479A (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-30 | Burralls Of Wisbech Ltd | Using biodegradable ink to increase the biodegradability of paper |
JP2004238564A (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | Ink composition |
JP2006111836A (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Kotobuki Seihan Printing Co Ltd | Biodegradable offset ink |
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Title |
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http://www.friendlybags.com/index.php * |
http://www.polymailplastics.com/carrierbags-printedcarrierbags.htm * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130244850A1 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2013-09-19 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Method of producing a packaging material provided with a recurring pattern of print ink |
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