GB2396557A

GB2396557A - Protecting animals against ectoparasite infestations

Info

Publication number: GB2396557A
Application number: GB0227373A
Authority: GB
Inventors: John Strauss; John Tharratt
Original assignee: INVESTA HOLDINGS SA
Current assignee: INVESTA HOLDINGS SA
Priority date: 2002-11-25
Filing date: 2002-11-25
Publication date: 2004-06-30
Also published as: GB0227373D0

Abstract

A method for protecting companion animals against fleas, ticks and other ectoparasites comprises applying to the animal a pre-determined amount of concentrated powder containing a pyrethroid or other insecticide. A synergist, such as piperonyl butoxide or MGK264, or an insect growth regulator, such as pyriproxifen or methoprene, may also be applied. The pre-determined amount of powder may be contained in a single unit applicator tube having a nozzle and small orifice for localised application.

Description

GB 2396557 A continuation (74) Agent and/or Address for Service: Carol

Whitehart White Cottage, Chapmans Hill, MOEPHAM, Kent, DA13 SPA, United Kingdom

WYATT 4 ' TO Tl^T ^] =1' ' ^ I

This invention relates to a method Thor protecting an animal against infestations by Peas, and ocher ecto-parasites.

Dry powder fonnulat:ions of pyrethroids produced WiLl-iOUt dL1le need for nicro-encapsulation proved to be surprisingly safe and effective.

Furthermore, presenting the fonnu]ations in a single dose plastic tube with a nozzle and small aperture to locally concentrate the dose proved particularly effective and, most importantly the powder then migrated Crowd the arm,al's body over;;ir,e to give overall extended period of efficacy. This is particularly unportant when killing ticks as the tick attaches to the body and does not migrate towards the neck and face area as does the flea.

Background of the invention.

It is well known that localised application of high concentrations of insecticide are effective against controlling ecto-parasites on cats and dogs and ocher companion anumals.

Patent GB 2088212 teaches us that application of high concentrations of pyrethroid to sheep is effective in controlling ecto-parasite infestations.

Patent EP 518989 extends the claims of the GB patent to include concentrations over 50% in a glycol ether base and extends the use to companion animals. Patent WO 97/18705 introduces the idea of high concentration, low dose, dry powder formulations using microencapsulated organo-phosphates on companion anunals. It describes Me drawbacks of other commonly used preparations.

The use of canter solvents in the current high concentrated liquid formulations iced to complaints of m easiness and localised irritation sometimes lasting for up to 24 hours and more. In addition cats can lick their fur Ed absorb the insecticide which can lead to salivation, tremors and snore serious side elects and in some cases even death. At present pyrethroids presented in this liquid form car.' be toxic to cats.

In contrast to prior art, we have found that an insecticide, when presented

in powder form, has superior efficacy over shampoos and spray fonnuiatlions. Furih.ennore, we have round End demonstrated feat plastic collars impregnated wirn powdered insecricides out per-onr throne

m-regnated 'ah liquid insecticides. We have finisher show that the ponder released Mom a collar around the animal s neck is transported around the an.ma.l's body' thus enhanclrig efficacy over 71 the body of the anunal. This issue has not beer, addressed in. prior Em. -I Addison prior art uses microcapsules to enhance the efficacy over time and, snore

importantly, reduces toxicity. We have found that the use of proprietary technology to produce powdered insecticide fonnulabons gives similar results. The actual means of application of a concentrated powder has not been addressed in prior art. The ideal is to provide a single unit applicator,

which delivers and accurate consistent dose. Vile have found that a plastic tube holding up to 3 grams of product which has a nozzle to penetrate the fur and a small orifice to localise the application provides this ideal. A drawback of traditional means of applying powder is that it is messy, misses the target and drops off the animal and surroundings, hence the need to get the powder onto the skin at the start of the treatment.

Summary of tile invention.

Contrary to prior art it has been surprisingly found Mat a powder is the

preferred vehicle to provide enhanced efficacy and safety for the delivery of an insecticide for the control of ecto-parasites on companion animals.

Furthermore, micro-encapsulation of the insecticide has been shown not to be essential to achieve this am. In addition the use of pyrethroids has also been shown to be effechve It is also claimed that the localised application of powder to the neclc results in complete coverage over the animal over time. In addition the use of a plastic tube to deliver the dose accurately and with minimal loss is an improvement over previous methods. Detailed description of the invention.

This invention relates to nigh concentrations, low volume and substantially dry and free flowing powders containing insecticides which are effective against fleas and other ecto-parasites on animals.

Ecto-parasites are parasites that can live during part of their life cycle on the exterior of an animals body. These include fleas, ticks, mites, lice and flies.

it is a claim of this invention that the torrnuiations reduce t.ne incidence of adverse reactions by mininiising contact of one insecticide win the ar,inal, either with the skin O! during find after oral ingestion. Adverse reactions include skin and eye irritation, heavy salivation, vomiting, cleinurS, CvilY-ulSiGnS Or even death.

Adverse reactions earl even occur in an;'rlal.s that are not directly Heated but come into contact by sleeping with or grooming of a treated animal.

This is particularly important in cats.

Pesticides that may be used in this invention are pyrethrum, pyrethroids tie...rerrneth.rin, deltameth a, etofenpro= phenol lambda cyhalothrin etc. .) carbamates, ivemectins, imidocloprid, lutenuron, fpronil, or other chemical from the same chemical Magnifies. The insect growth regulators may also be used, for example methoprene and pyriproxifen. One way of producing dry concentrated free flowing powdered insecticides is by microencapsulation. [See Seaman et al 'Trends in the Fonnulation of Pesticides - An Overview' Pesticide Science 23 (1990! pp 437-4991

Furler to previous inventions it has been found that these powders may be formed as follows: Ingredients: Percentages Poly Pore L-200 30.0 Deltamerin 35.0 Triphenyl Phosphate 35.0 By heating the deltamethrin and the triphenyl phosphate and mixing the melt and gradually adding the Poly Pore L-20Q and cooling, a fine free flowing dry powder is Conned.

Other acrylic polymers or other synthetic polymers may be used depending upon the starting materials.

The concentration of insecticide may be lo to 80% by weight although lute p,efe,red cor,cer,tration is between 30 and 6n io,/O. The preferred active is deltamethrin although others can perform well.

The powder is applied to one Or more Iocalised areas on the accusal - for e-^al-l-,?,e a single spot applied to hc neck of a cat high up be..een the

shoulder blades (to minimise licking and ingestion). IT is a clean of d:liS invention to apply to powder as a unit dose in a squeezable plastic tube.

This tube has a nose to allow penetration through the fur to the skin. This method rlini'.'ses spread of the powder at the site of application, that w-llllcl i-i,a-j -.lel1 'lci vat.

Gerlerly these fo,ulati^ns nay be applied at the dose off in to 51)0 ma; of powder per kg of the anneal's body weight. Hence a cat weighing 4kg would receive a dose of between 40mg to 2g or powder, depending on the pesticide used in the formulation. Using the above formula the dose would be 0. lg.

This invention is particularly effective in the treatment of ectoparasites on cats, dogs, horses, rabbits, hamsters, gerbils and other small pet mammals and rodents. The invention may also be used on large animals such as pigs, sheep, goats and cattle.

Claims

C!as 1. A method for protecting companion animals ie. dogs, cats,

rabbits, ferrets, tea pigs, na.msers, birds' horses eta...

against Beas and other ecto-parasites using a pre-dete=nned amount of concentrated powder containing an insecticide active chemical including any of the following, pyrethrum, pyrethroids (ie...permethr;n, deltaFnethrin, etofenprox, pnenothrin, lambda cyhalothrin etc.) carbamates, ivennectins, imidocloprid, À luienuror!, fiprorlil, or other chemical from the same chemical families or combinations of the preceding applied to the animal.
2. A Claun as claimed in Claim i, whereby in addition to the

insecticide active chemical or combination of insecticide active chemicals Ale powder may also contain an insect groves regulator such as nethoprene, pyriproxifen or any other insect -oak regulator, or combinations -hereof applied to the animal
3. A Claim as claimed in Claims 1 Find 2, in that the invention may also include synergists in the formula s-uch as pipelloyl butoxide, vJvK 264 or other s;:nilar products.
4. A Claim as claimed ir1 C.lai-i-i,s],2 and 3, in that each dose Consists of a. pre-deternined amount of concentrated powder.
5. A Claiin as claimed:m Claims 13 and 4 in ihat'ite pre detemined amount of powder is contained in a single unit applicator tube like packaging holding up to 3 grains and hatting a nozzle and small orifice for localized application to the animal.
6. A Claim as claimed in Clanns 1,2, 3,4 and 5 in that the single unit applicator squeezable tube is of a sufficient size to hold the pre-deiennLned amount of powder plus an amount of air to allow the powder to be pushed through the orifice when the tube is squeezed.