GB2378454A

GB2378454A - Soft tissue paper web with velvety surface regions and smooth surface regions, and a method and an apparatus for making the same

Info

Publication number: GB2378454A
Application number: GB0119549A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Harald Harlacher; Thomas Heilemann; Paleske Peter Von; Andrea Urban
Original assignee: SCA Hygiene Products GmbH
Current assignee: Essity Germany GmbH
Priority date: 2001-08-10
Filing date: 2001-08-10
Publication date: 2003-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2021-08-10
Also published as: DE10233926A1; GB0119549D0; GB2378454B

Abstract

A soft tissue paper web comprises on at least one outer surface velvety surface regions 2 and smooth surface regions 1. Preferably the velvety surface regions 2 are regions in which the fibres, especially the fibre ends of the web have been raised from the surface by teaseling means 3 acting through a foraminous means 4. The velvety regions 2 are preferably discrete and circumscribed by the smooth surface regions 1. The velvety surface regions 2 may be distributed according to a non random pattern. A method and apparatus for making the soft tissue paper web are also disclosed. A soft tissue web of this kind is pleasant to touch and does not irritate the skin of the user. The web is strong and absorbant.

Description

Soft tissue paper web, method of and apparatus for making same Technical Field The present invention relates to a soft tissue paper web, a method for making such a tissue paper web and an apparatus for making the tissue paper web.

Prior art In the manufacture of soft tissue paper webs, there is an ongoing process to manufacture a web that is soft and pleasant to touch and that does not irritate the skin of the user.

Simultaneously, such a web should be strong and absorbent.

There are several ways to enhance the softness of a tissue product, of which the use of soft fibers and addition of special softener to the web are examples. These methods have the disadvantage that they require expensive special fibers or additional chemicals. Another disadvantage with additional chemicals is the fact that these products are often used for hygienic reasons in areas where chemicals should be avoided.

Another method to make a soft tissue paper web is to physically change the surface of a tissue paper by teaseling the surface of the web. The resultant web will have a velvety surface with protruding fiber ends that have been raised from the paper web. US-A-3,592, 732 describes a such web and method for making such a surface using brushing rolls. The paper is brushed between a brushing roll and an anvil roll. The anvil

roll has a lower velocity than the sandwiched paper, which in turn has a lower velocity than the brushing roll. One disadvantage with this method is that the structure of a thin web such as tissue paper is easily destroyed or ruptured.

Examples of structure features that could be destroyed are stretch, crepe, bulk, and tensile strength. Even if the paper is not destroyed or ruptured already during the brushing treatment, the destruction of the homogeneity of structure features of the treated paper will lead to an undulating web, or a web with folds, which is undesired because of the negative influences on the optical and physical appearance of the product. Further, such an undulating web is difficult to convert. This method, which exposes the paper to a high strain, can perhaps be used together with a very strong paper.

But such strong tissue paper is stiff and unsuitable for most tissue products.

Object of the Invention The primary object of the present invention is the provision of a soft tissue paper web that has regions with a velvety surface and regions with a smooth surface on at least one of its outer surfaces. The velvety surface regions may be discrete regions circumscribed by smooth surface regions or continuous regions separated from each other by continuous smooth regions. In the case of discrete velvety regions, they may be placed in a non-random pattern on the web surface, whereas continuous velvety regions may extend in the machine direction or the cross direction of the web, or in a direction that is at an angle to the machine direction. The smooth regions separating the velvety regions extend generally in the same direction as the latter. The regions may be straight lines or have undulated or crooked border lines.

The soft tissue paper web according to the invention having velvety surfaces combined with continuous smooth surfaces thus

combines the strength of the untreated web and the softness of the velvety surface to provide a soft and strong web. Further the protruding fiber ends will act as wicks, which causes the soft tissue paper web to absorb faster than if the surface were smooth. The velvety surface will also contribute to the users impression of a bulky tissue paper.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing such a soft tissue paper web. This is achieved according to the present invention by providing at least one teaseling means and at least one support or anvil means forming a nip together and a transporting means for transporting the tissue paper web through the nip. Further, a foraminous means is provided, through which at least one outer surface of the soft tissue paper web is teaseled. The support or anvil means may be a roll, a band or belt, or a plate. The loose fibers of the velvety regions of the teaseled web may be even further raised by raising means such as adhesive or vacuum means acting on the first (teaseled) side of the web or by blowing a gas stream, preferably hot air, through the web from the surface opposite the teaseled surface. The method is further characterised in that the support means can be a second foraminous means that co-operates with at least one second teaseling means in order to teasel the second outer surface of the soft tissue paper web through the second foraminous means.

As the web according to the method is sandwiched between the foraminous means and the support, a higher brush pressure against the web can be used than in the method according to the prior art. In particular, this is because the foraminous means prevents the web from being unduly stretched.

Still a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for making a soft tissue paper web with velvety and

smooth regions. The inventive apparatus comprises means for teaseling the soft tissue paper web, a support or anvil means forming a nip with the teaseling means, and a foraminous means through which the soft tissue paper web is teaseled. The support means may be a roll, a belt or a plate. The foraminous means may be a foraminous belt, preferably loosely a woven fabric, a thin belt with apertures or a plurality of thin belts spaced from and generally parallel to each other.

The support means may also be a second foraminous means that forms a second teaseling nip together with a second teaseling means.

The teaseling means may comprise teaseling projections mounted on a roll or a belt. The teaseling projections may be brush bristles, or bristles with a hook at the paper contacting end, or as a rough surface such as emery or sand paper. The teaseling means, especially when in form of a roll, may be enclosed by the foraminous means, either completely or just partly, whereby the teaseling protrudes enough through the apertures to be able to act on the soft tissue paper web.

In order to further raise the loose fiber ends so that these protrude to an even greater extent from the surface of the already teaseled soft tissue paper web and to remove lint, the apparatus may be provided with further raising means downstream of the teaseling nip. These raising means can be either a vacuum or an adhesion means or a means for providing a gas stream, preferably hot air. The vacuum means and the adhesion means are positioned so that they can act on the teaseled outer surface of the web. The gas stream providing means should be so positioned that the gas stream is blown through the web from the surface opposite the teaseled surface. In case both outer surfaces are teaseled, raising means may be provided on both sides of the tissue paper web.

The foraminous means protects the soft tissue paper web from being overstretched and conserves the strength of the web in the area that it covers during the teaseling procedure.

In this application, the following definitions are used: A"velvety"surface is characterised in that fibers and especially the fiber ends of same are raised and protrude from the surface of the base web; In the sense of this patent,"smooth"means the paper surface structure of the untreated paper i. e. the unbrushed nonvelvety surface of the base tissue paper web and, therefore, is smooth relative to the velvety surface; The machine direction (MD) of the soft tissue paper web is the direction in which the web is fed through the teaseling apparatus, while the cross direction (CD) is the direction across the web perpendicular to the machine direction.

Brief Description of the Drawings Figs. 1-4: show different patterns of velvety surface regions on a paper web according to the invention; Fig. 5: shows a schematic view of a main part of the apparatus according to the present invention, designated as detail V in Fig. 6; Fig. 6: shows a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention, including the partial apparatus of Fig. 5 viewed along section VI-VI of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7: shows an enlargement of the foraminous means according to detail VII of Fig. 5 ; Fig. 8: shows a further preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention ; Fig. 9: shows a further embodiment of the apparatus showing the foraminous means wrapped around a teaseling roll ; Fig. 10: shows a further embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention showing a teaseling roll being partially wrapped by a foraminous means for prolonged or extended treatment ; Fig. 11: shows a further embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention showing raising means blowing a gas stream through the soft tissue paper web from the untreated surface ; Fig. 12: shows an embodiment according to Fig. 11 where the raising means are adhesion means being provided on the teaseling side of the paper web.

Detailed Description The present invention will be described in greater detail by way of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The travelling tissue paper web is subjected to a nip between a brush means and a support or anvil means at controlled relative speeds of the web and the means.

The soft tissue paper web in Fig. 1 has a smooth background 1 circumscribing discrete arrow-like regions 2 with a velvety surface. In this embodiment, the discrete velvety regions are arranged in a repeated non-random pattern. The pattern is regular in MD and CD. It is also possible to have a pattern of velvety regions that is irregular. The design of the velvety regions may vary between neighboring regions and the regions may be staggered with respect to each other. In this type of pattern, the original strength properties of the smooth regions of the soft tissue paper web have been maintained, whereas the velvety regions have lost some of their strength.

Due to the strong continuous smooth region, the tissue paper is stronger than if the entire paper web were to have been treated to have a velvety surface.

In Fig. 2 and 3, two variants are shown of a pattern of velvety regions 2 continuous in the machine direction MD. In Fig. 2 the regions are lines with edges or border lines in the form of straight lines whereas, in Fig. 3, the edges or border lines of the velvety regions are stepped. The border line in such continuous velvety regions may also be undulating or crooked lines. In these variants, the continuous smooth region 1 will contribute to the paper strength in the machine direction. However, the strength in the cross direction CD is decreased somewhat in comparison to embodiments with discrete velvety regions.

A fifth variant of the invention can be seen in Fig. 4. Here the velvety regions are arranged to be continuous in the cross direction CD of the paper and separated by smooth regions also continuous in the cross direction. In Fig. 4, the borderlines of the velvety regions are shown as being stepped, but they can also be straight, wavy or crooked lines, as in the embodiments with velvety regions continuous in MD. The paper of this embodiment will have lost less strength in the cross

direction CD than in the machine direction MD. As paper webs are usually stronger in MD than in CD, this embodiment may have a more equal relation between the MD and CD strength properties, a feature that is sometimes desirable.

The continuous velvety regions can also be inclined in a direction between MD and CD. An example of this would be regions running diagonally across the paper web.

The sum of the areas of the velvety regions of the soft tissue paper should be between 10 and 90%, preferably between 25 and 75 % and, most preferably, between 40-60 % of the total paper area.

Preferably, the tissue paper for a soft paper web is planar, essentially made of fibers of vegetable origin, especially of cellulose fibers. Typical for tissue paper is its high tensile energy absorption index in connection with its comparatively low basis weight, typically below 65 g/m2, more typically between 10-50 g/m2. Another common feature of tissue paper is its relatively high liquid absorbency. Most of the functional properties specific for a tissue paper, such as stretchability, bulk softness, softness, drapability, bulk impression, thickness and liquid absorption, are directly or indirectly related to the tensile energy absorption index.

Tensile energy absorption index is the volume specific tensile absorption, whereby the volume (length x width x thickness) of the test sample is decided before the measurement. Tensile absorption index can be measured by the methods described in the industrial standards EN 12625-4 and EN 12625-5.

The tensile energy absorption index results from the wet or dry foreshortening of the paper web during the production process. A wet web made of paper fibers is formed and

dewatered on the forming screen in a tissue paper machine. The so formed web can be then foreshortened by various techniques, e. g. rush transfer, wet and dry creping in the paper machine and dry creping outside the paper machine.

There are different ways of moulding and drying the wet web in a paper machine. In an conventional tissue machine the web is dried and creped on a Yankee cylinder as described above. A more modern technique is the through-air-drying technique (TAD), which can be combined with final drying on a Yankee cylinder. During this process, the web can be supported by TAD-fabric, which may have a distinct three dimensional pattern into which the web can be moulded before TAD. The imprinting method described above may also be incorporated in the conventional drying process described above. Another way of drying the web is impulse embossing drying.

The tissue paper comprises predominately natural lignocellulose wood fibers. These fibers can be any ligno-cellulose fiber used in the production of paper. The tissue paper may also comprise 1-30 weight-% of other fibers to enhance e. g. strength, absorption or softness. These fibers may be made of regenerated cellulose such as viscose or rayon; synthetic fibers such as polyethylene or polypropylene; or mineral fibers.

The raw tissue paper web coming from the tissue paper machine can be a single or multi layer paper web. The multi layer paper webs are formed either in a multi-layered headbox, by forming a new layer on an existent layer or by couching together already formed layers. These layers can not or only with considerable difficulties be separated from each other and are joined to each other mainly by hydrogen bonds. The layers may be homogeneous or may have different properties, regarding e. g. fiber composition and chemical composition. The

raw tissue paper can be converted to the final process in many ways, e. g. through embossing, laminating, rolling and sheeting.

A laminated paper comprises at least two tissue plies, which are often joined to each other by either adhesion or mechanical means. The adhesive may be introduces all over the paper or just in regions, e. g. dots or lines. The mechanical methods are mostly embossing either incorporated in an embossing pattern, e. g. foot-to-foot or nested. Another embossing method is knurling, also known as edge embossing. In the final product, the plies are mostly easy detectable and can often be separated from each other into single plies.

Tissue papers are used in hygienic products, for personal grooming and hygiene, in the household sector, industry and the institutional field for cleaning processes. They are used to absorb fluids. The tissue paper is e. g. used as toilet paper, hand towels, household towels, handkerchiefs, facial tissues and napkins. They can also be used in industrial wipes.

Figs. 5 and 6 show a schematic view of an apparatus according to the invention. The apparatus comprises a teaseling means 3 for teaseling the paper web in the machine direction MD.

Further, it has a foraminous means 4 and a support or anvil means 5 which can sandwich the soft tissue paper web 6 to be treated between them. An arrow denotes the machine direction.

The MD teaseling means 3 is a roll at least as wide as the web to be treated. In a further embodiment, the MD teaseling means could be an endless band or belt running in parallel to the foraminous belt 4. If a belt is used, a longer brushing zone is achieved and, thereby, a longer time for brushing.

Therefore, the brushing is more effective and the brushing pressure against the paper web can be lowered.

In a further embodiment, the teaseling means could work in the cross direction CD of the machine and, thus, across the soft tissue paper web either just in the cross-direction or together with a MD teaseling means. The CD-teaseling means 10 is preferably made up of an endless belt or band that covers the soft tissue paper web in the cross direction of the machine and is rotated as to teasel in the CD of the machine.

As in Fig. 5, there could be two teaseling endless belts that teasel in opposite directions to each other. The CD-teaseling means could of course also be placed across the width of the web at an angle to the machine direction.

Teaseling projections are mounted on the teaseling means and, for example, can be brush bristles or bristles with a hook at the paper-contacting end. The teaseling projections may alternatively comprise emery or sand. The teaseling projections of the teaseling means may be stationary or moving in relation to the soft tissue paper web. If the teaseling projections are moved in relation to the web, they can move in the machine direction or against the machine direction so long as the they have a velocity different from the velocity of the soft tissue paper web.

The foraminous means has to move with the same speed and in the same direction as the sandwiched tissue paper when the paper is teaseled in order to create velvety regions with clear border lines. The foraminous means is here a foraminous endless belt or band 4 which is guided in a closed circuit between the end 7 and the beginning 8 of the apparatus. It is guided and driven by two guiding cylinders 9. The foraminous belt is preferably a coarsely woven wire or a thin belt with apertures (see Fig. 7). The belt may be made of a thin metal

or plastic and be between 0,02 and 3 mm thick, preferably between 0,04 and 2 mm thick.

In an alternative embodiment, the foraminous belt may consist of a plurality of thin belts spaced from and generally parallel to each other in MD.

The foraminous means may also be bent as shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Fig. 9 shows a teaseling roll 3 around which a foraminous means 4 is wrapped. This wrapped teaseling roll 3 can be used together with any of the other machine details described in this document. The bent foraminous means 4 may in this case being wrapped around the teaseling means 3 entirely as in Fig.

9 or partially as in Fig. 10. The foraminous means 4 which is in Fig. 9 wrapped around the teaseling means rotates and has the same surface speed as the soft tissue paper web 6 being teaseled. However, if the foraminous means 4 consists of a plurality of spaced apart bands being positioned parallel to the machine direction it may also be stationary.

The support or anvil means 5 is shown in Figs. 5 and 6 as an anvil belt or band running in the machine direction parallel to the foraminous belt 4. The anvil belt is guided in a closed circuit in the same manner as the foraminous band. The anvil belt may be a wire or a band and made of metal or plastic. Further, there may be an additional pressure means (14) placed on the non-paper side of the anvil means. This pressure means increases the pressure that the anvil means exerts against the tissue paper web.

In another preferred embodiment, the anvil means may be in the form of an anvil cylinder carrying the width of the soft tissue paper web. This is especially appropriate when the teaseling means is in the form of an MD teaseling cylinder.

The anvil cylinder and the teaseling cylinder then form a nip sandwiching the foraminous means and the web, the foraminous means being between the teaseling cylinder and the web carried by the anvil cylinder.

In case the foraminous belt 4 is bent around the teaseling means 3, the moving support means 5 can be bent around the teaseling means 3 while sandwiching the tissue paper web 6 between the foraminous means 4 and the support means 5 (see Fig. 10). The apparatus in Fig. 10 just shows a teaseling roll. Thus, the teaseling nip is extended in length, which leads to a more effective treatment of the tissue paper web.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, there may be provided a steaming means 11 to moisten the soft tissue paper web upstream of the teaseling means.

In an even further preferred embodiment, there is a raising means 12 provided across the soft tissue paper web downstream of the teaseling means. This raising means may be anything that further raises the loosened fibers from the teaseled web.

Examples of raising means are adhesion means or vacuum means placed on the opposite side of the foraminous means as seen from the side of the soft tissue paper web. Another example is a gas stream, e. g. hot air that is blown through the soft tissue paper web from the untreated surface and out through the treated surface.

In the case in which the raising means, is an adhesion means there can be provided a cleaning means for removing any loose fibers that have stuck to the adhesion means. The adhesion means can be a cylinder with an adhesive surface. A preferred adhesive is one which is adhesive when dry but which can be cleaned by water.

In the preferred embodiment as illustrated in Fig. 5, a soft tissue paper web is sandwiched between a foraminous means 4 and an anvil means 5. A teaseling means 3,10 teasels the paper through the holes in the foraminous means as the sandwiched paper web is passed through the nip and the teaseling means is located across the width of the paper.

Usually, the tissue paper web and the foraminous means (belt) move continuously with the same speed along the teaseling means. For preparing the pattern of Fig. 2, the foraminous means may also be stationary. The teaseling means operates either in or against the machine direction MD. The teaseling means 10 may also be arranged to operate in the cross direction CD of the machine and, thus, across the soft tissue paper web or at an angle to MD.

The loose fibers of the velvety regions of the teaseled web are further raised by a raising means.

In another preferred embodiment, the inventive method may include a second teaseling with at least one second teaseling means teaseling the second outer surface of the soft tissue paper web through a second foraminous means. In this manner, the soft tissue paper web, as can be seen in Fig. 8, is sandwiched between two foraminous means 4', 4"which then also act as anvil means 51, 5" for each other.

In a further preferred embodiment, the soft tissue paper web is subjected to a steam treatment 11 upstream of the teaseling. The steam softens the fiber to fiber bond and makes the loosening of the fibers in the soft tissue paper web in the teaseling process easier.

In an even further preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is a raising means 12 shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12. This raising means 12 is foreseen across the width of the soft tissue paper web 6 downstream of the teaseling means 3,10. This raising means may be anything that further raises the loosened fibers or fiber ends from the already teaseled paper web. Examples of raising means are adhesion means 17 as illustrated in Fig. 12 or vacuum means 16 as illustrated in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, placed on the opposite side of the foraminous means 4 seen from the side of the soft tissue paper web. Another example is a gas stream 18 as illustrated in Fig.

11, e. g. hot air that is blown through the soft tissue paper web from the untreated surface and out through the treated surface.

In case the raising means is an adhesion means 17 there can be provided a cleaning means 19 (Fig. 12) for removing any loose fibers that has stuck to the adhesion means. The adhesion means can be a cylinder with an adhesion surface. A preferred adhesive is one that is adhesively effective when dry but which can be cleaned by water.

Claims

Claims 1. A soft tissue paper web, wherein at least one outer surface comprises velvety surface regions (2) and smooth surface regions (1).
2. A soft tissue paper web according to claim 1, wherein the velvety surface regions (2) are discrete and circumscribed by the smooth surface regions (1).
3. A soft tissue paper web according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the velvety surface regions (2) are distributed according to a non-random pattern.
4. A soft tissue paper web according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the velvety surface regions (2) are continuous in the machine direction and separated from another by smooth surface regions (1) being continuous in the same direction as the velvety surface regions (2).
5. A soft tissue paper web according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the velvety surface regions (2) extend continuously over the width of the soft tissue paper web (6) in the cross-machine direction or in a direction at an angle to the machine direction, each velvety surface region (2) being separated from another by smooth surface regions (1) being continuous in the same direction as the velvety surface regions (2).
6. A method for manufacturing a soft tissue paper web, comprising the steps of placing the tissue paper web (6) adjacent a foraminous means, moving at least the tissue paper web in a machine direction and teaseling at least one outer surface of the web (6) through the foraminous

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means (4) to form velvety surface regions (2) on the tissue paper web by loosening fiber ends from the surface.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the tissue paper web (6) is supported on its side opposite the side on which the foraminous means (4) is located.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the tissue paper web is supported by a further foraminous means (5).
9. A method according to claim 7, wherein the tissue paper web is supported by a stiff counter-element (14).
10. A method according to at least one of the claims 6 to 9, wherein teaseling is performed by brushing in the machine direction and/or a cross-direction thereto.
11. A method according to claim 10, wherein brushing in the machine direction and/or the cross-direction is performed in or against the direction of moving the tissue paper web.
12. A method according to claim 10, wherein brushing in the cross-direction is performed in one direction or simultaneously in opposing directions.
13. A method according to at least one of the claims 6 to 12, wherein further loosening is performed to loosen fiber ends which are still fixed after teaseling, and raising these loosened fiber ends.

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14. A method according to claim 13, wherein the further loosening and raising is performed by a vacuum applied at the side where teaseling was already performed.
15. A method according to claim 13, wherein the further loosening and raising is performed by air passed through the web from the side of the tissue paper web opposite the side at which teaseling was already performed.
16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the further loosening and raising is performed with hot air.
17. A method according to at least one of the claims 6 to 16, wherein humidity and heat are applied to the not yet teaseled surface of the tissue paper web to open up the fiber-to-fiber bonds at the surface of the tissue paper web and to make the fibers flexible.
18. A method according to at least one of the claims 6 to 17, wherein the method steps are performed while the tissue paper web (6) and the foraminous means move in a continuous manner with the same speed.
19. An apparatus for manufacturing a soft tissue paper web, wherein a nip is provided between a foraminous means (4) and a support means (5) in such a manner that a tissue paper web (6) can be sandwiched between the foraminous means (4) and the support means (5), and wherein teaseling means (3,10) are provided on the side of the foraminous means (4) opposite the support means (5), said teaseling means (3,10) acting on the tissue paper web (6) through apertures of the foraminous means (4).

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20. An apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the support means (5) is a roll, an endless belt, or a plate.
21. An apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the foraminous means (4) is preferably an endless foraminous belt, preferably of loosely woven wire, a thin band with apertures or a plurality of thin bands being spaced from and generally parallel to each other.
22. An apparatus according to at least one of the claims 19 to 21, wherein the teaseling means (3,10) is a roll or a belt or another element having teaseling projections.
23. An apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the teaseling projections mounted on the teaseling means (3, 10) are formed by brush bristles, bristles with a hook at the paper-contacting end, or rough surfaces such as emery or sand paper.
24. An apparatus according to at least one of the claims 19 to 23, wherein the foraminous means (4) is at least partially wrapped around the teaseling means (3,10).
25. An apparatus according to at least one of the claims 19 to 24, wherein raising means (12) for raising the fiber ends are provided downstream of the teaseling means (3,10).

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26. An apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the raising means (12) is an adhesion means, or it is a vacuum means placed on the side of the foraminous means (4) that does not contact the tissue paper web (6).
27. An apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the raising means (12) is a means providing a gas stream, preferably hot air, the gas stream providing means being arranged to blow the gas through the web (6) from the side of the web (6) opposite the side at which the foraminous means (4) is provided.
28. An apparatus according to at least one of the claims 19 to 27, wherein the support means (5) is a further foraminous means (4).
29. An apparatus according to claim 28, wherein teaseling means (3,10) are located on both sides of the paper web.
30. An apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said teaseling means (3,10) are located opposite each other.
31. An apparatus according to at least one of the claims 19 to 30, wherein the teaseling means (3,10) are arranged to teasel in the longitudinal direction and/or cross- direction of the web (6).
32. An apparatus according to at least one of the claims 19 to 31, wherein a means (11) is provided upstream of the teaseling means (3,10) for applying humidity and heat to the surface of the web to be teaseled to open up the

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fiber-to-fiber bonds at the surface of the tissue paper web (6).