GB2298747A - Electric power converter for converting electric power between dc and ac - Google Patents

Electric power converter for converting electric power between dc and ac Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2298747A
GB2298747A GB9604510A GB9604510A GB2298747A GB 2298747 A GB2298747 A GB 2298747A GB 9604510 A GB9604510 A GB 9604510A GB 9604510 A GB9604510 A GB 9604510A GB 2298747 A GB2298747 A GB 2298747A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
capacitor
direct current
electric power
phase
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9604510A
Other versions
GB2298747B (en
GB9604510D0 (en
Inventor
Takao Hata
Toshiki Kajiyama
Toshisuke Mine
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Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Publication of GB9604510D0 publication Critical patent/GB9604510D0/en
Publication of GB2298747A publication Critical patent/GB2298747A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2298747B publication Critical patent/GB2298747B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/06—Circuits specially adapted for rendering non-conductive gas discharge tubes or equivalent semiconductor devices, e.g. thyratrons, thyristors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0814—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
    • H03K17/08148—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit in composite switches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Description

ELECTRIC POWER CONVERTER APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING ELECTRIC POWER BETWEEN DIRECT CURRENT AND ALTERNATING CURRENT The present invention relates to an improvement of the main circuit construction in an electric power converter apparatus such as an inverter apparatus using self-arcextinguishing switching elements.
In the past, the constructions of snubber circuit provided to a self-arc-extinguishing switching element in an inverter apparatus having a comparatively large capacity are disclosed in, for example, (1) Japanese Utility Model Application Laid Open No.59-149489, (2) Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No.61-156490, (3) Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No.62-41389, (4) Japanese Patent Application Laid Open No.62-217864 and (5) Japanese Patent Application Laid Open No.5-284731. That is, the snubber circuit is constructed by connecting a series-connected body of a capacitor and a diode to a switching element in parallel, and connecting a resistor between a direct current lines in the opposite side of the junction point of the capacitor and the diode.
Therewith, serge energy generated at switching-off time of the switching element is absorbed with the capacitor and the absorbed serge energy is consumed by the resistor, which is called as a polarized snubber circuit.
In the above conventional technology, it is necessary that all the serge energy generated at switching-off time of the switching element is absorbed with the capacitor in the polarized snubber circuit. Therefore, there is a disadvantage in that the capacity of the capacitor becomes large and the capacity of the resistor for consuming the absorbed energy also becomes large.
The object of the present invention is to realize a compact electric power converter apparatus such as an inverter apparatus and a snubber by reducing the snubber capacity.
In an inverter apparatus comprising self-arc-extinguishing switching elements in each positive arm and each negative arm of each phase connected to a direct current power source, an inverter for converting a direct current electric power to a variable voltage and variable frequency alternating electric power, a polarized snubber containing a series-connected body of a first capacitor and a diode connected to a self-arcextinguishing switching element in each of the arms in parallel, a resistor connected between the direct current power lines in the opposite side of the series junction point of the first capacitor and the diode, the inverter apparatus according to the present invention is characterized, in one aspect, by comprising a second capacitor connected between the positive and negative lines of the direct current power in parallel source so as to stride across the positive and the negative arms in series for each phase.
In another aspect, the present invention is characterized by containing the first series-connected body of capacitor and diode and the second capacitor for one phase in a package together.
By adding the second capacitor in addition to the polarized snubber, the first and the second capacitors share to absorb the serge energy generated at switching-off time of the switching element, and the capacity of the polarized snubber can be decreased. In this case, as to increasing the capacity, it is better to connect and arrange the first and the second capacitors separately than to simply increasing only number of the first capacitors. Because, in the case of separate arrangement, the wiring distance from the switching element to the capacitor can be decreased, and the capacity of each element in the snubber circuit can be effectively decreased. Therefore, the apparatus can be decreased in size and in weight.
Further, by containing the first capacitor, the diodes and the second capacitor in a package to form a module, the wiring distance between the switching element and the snubber circuit element can be minimized, Therefore, the capacity of the snubber circuit element can be effectively decreased.
In the drawings FIG.1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an inverter circuit in accordance with the present invention.
FIG.2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a snubber module in accordance with the present invention.
FIG.3 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an inverter apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
FIG.4 is a side view showing an embodiment of an inverter apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
FIG.5 is a front view showing an embodiment of an inverter apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
FIG.1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an inverter circuit in accordance with the present invention.
A direct current electric power is supplied to an inverter 4 from a direct current power source 1, 2 through a smoothing capacitor 3. The inverter 4 converts the direct current into a variable voltage and variable frequency (VVVF) alternating electric power to be supplied to a three phase induction motor 5. The induction motor 5 rotates a sheave 7 through a gearbox 6 to drive an elevator car 8 and a counterweight 9 upward and downward.
The inverter 4 has a positive and a negative arms for each phase with self-arc-extinguishing switching elements, for example, self-arc-extinguishing switching elements (IGBTs) 101-106. These IGBTs are PWM controlled by a gate signal generating circuit 11.
The self-arc-extinguishing switching element requires a snubber for absorbing energy at arc-extinguishing (switchingoff) time. As the same as a construction in the prior art, series-connected bodies of capacitors 201-206 and diodes 301306 are connected to the self-arc-extinguishing switching elements (IGBTs) 101-106 in parallel, respectively. The series junction points of these series-connected bodies are connected to the direct current electric power source line N or P through resistors 401-406, respectively.
Further, in this embodiment according to the present invention, second capacitors 501-503 for respective phase are connected between the positive and the negative lines P, N of the direct current electric power source so as to stride across the series-connected positive and negative arms for respective phase in parallel.
Function of the snubber will be described below, taking U-phase as an example.
Now, taking a case where the switching element 101 is to be arc-extinguished under a condition that the switching element 101 is in an arcking state and the switching element 102 is in an arc-extinguishing state. The current flowing in the switching element 101 is rapidly cut off, and a serge voltage generated between the both terminals of the switching element 101. Then, the same voltage is applied to the seriesconnected body of the capacitor 201 and the diode 301, and the diode 301 immediately becomes conducting to absorb the serge energy in the capacitor 201. That is, the capacitor 201 is charged in the direction shown by +, - in the figure.Then, when the switching element 101 is turns on again, the energy absorbed in such a manner is consumed while flowing through the route, the capacitor 201 (+) - the direct current line P - IGBT 101 - the alternating current line U - the induction motor 5 - the alternating current line V - IGBT 104 (or, the alternating current line W - IGBT 106) - the direct current line N - the resistor 401 - the capacitor 201 (-).
Similarly, when the switching element 102 is arcextinguished under a condition that the switching element 101 is in an arcking state and the switching element 102 is in an arc-extinguishing state, the current flowing in the switching element 102 is rapidly cut off, and a serge voltage generated between the both terminals of the switching element 102. Then, the same voltage is applied to the series-connected body of the capacitor 202 and the diode 302, and the diode 302 immediately becomes conducting to absorb the serge energy in the capacitor 201. That is, the capacitor 202 is charged in the direction shown by +, - in the figure.Then, when the switching element 102 is turns on again, the energy absorbed in such a manner is consumed while flowing through the route, the capacitor 202 (+) - the resistor 402 - the direct current line P - IGBT 103 - the alternating current line V (or, IGBT 105 - the alternating current line W) - the induction motor 5 - the alternating current line U - IGBT 102 - the direct current line N - the capacitor 202 (-).
In the above cases, when the charged voltage of the capacitor 201 or 201 exceeds the voltage of the electric power source, the serge energy is absorbed in the capacitor 501 at the same time in either case. Then the energy is returned to the power source or consumed in the whole circuit wiring.That is, the charge of the capacitor 201 exceeding the electrical power source voltage of the direct current source 1, 2 is absorbed in the capacitor 501 through the capacitor 201 (+) - the capacitor 501 - the direct current line N - the resistor 401 - the capacitor 201 (-).On the other hand, the charge of the capacitor 202 exceeding the electrical power source voltage of the direct current source 1, 2 is absorbed in the capacitor 501 through the capacitor 202 (+) - the resistor 402 - the direct current line P - the capacitor 501 - the capacitor 202 (-).
Then, the energy absorbed in the capacitor 501 is resonated between the smoothing capacitor 3 in the direct current power source side with the inductance contained in the wiring to be dispersed in the whole circuit wiring, and is consumed and disappears.
Therein, not only the capacity of the capacitors 201, 202 can be decreased by the amount corresponding to the energy absorbed by the capacitor 501, but also the capacity of the diodes 301, 302 can be decreased since the in-flow energy decreases by the decreased capacity of the capacitors 201, 202.
Further, since the amount of energy to be consumed is decreased, the capacity of the resistors 401, 402 can be also decreased.
FIG.2 is a perspective view showing a snubber module 601 in which the capacitors 201, 202, 501 and the diodes 301, 302 are contained in a package. The module 601 has terminals 741, 751 for connecting to the resistors as well as the direct current terminals 711, 721 and the alternating current terminals 731 shown in FIG.1. By minimizing the wiring distance between the elements in such a manner, the inductance of the wiring can be decreased, the capacitor 501 effectively absorbs energy, and consequently the capacity of each of the elements can be further decreased.
FIG.3 to FIG.5 are a plan view, a side view and a front view showing the construction of the inverter shown in FIG.1.
IGBT modules 81 to 83 are fixed to and mounted on a cooling fin 80 with spacing. Further, snubber modules 601 to 603 are mounted on the IGBT modules 81 to 83, respectively.
Specifically, three terminals of the snubber modules 601 to 603, that is, the direct current terminals 711, 721 and the alternating current terminal 731 are used as screws for fixing. By doing so, the wiring distance between each of the switching elements and the snubber can be minimized, and the snubber can be decreased in capacity and in size.
The snubber resistors 401-406 are contained in a resistor box 84 together and cooled separately.
According to the present invention, the capacity of the snubber apparatus can be decreased and the main circuit of an electric power converter apparatus such as an inverter can be decreased in size.

Claims (12)

1. An electric power converter apparatus for converting an electric power between a direct current and an alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a capacitor connected to each of said self-arcextinguishing switching elements in parallel; and a capacitor connecting between said direct current lines in parallel for each phase.
2. An electric power converter apparatus for converting an electric power between a direct current and an alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a capacitor connected to each of said arms in parallel; and a capacitor connecting between said direct current lines in parallel for each phase.
3. An electric power converter apparatus for converting an electric power between a direct current and an alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a snubber connected to each of said arms in parallel; and a capacitor connecting between said direct current lines in parallel for each phase.
4. An electric power converter apparatus for converting a direct current electric power to a variable voltage and variable frequency alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a series-connected body of capacitor and diode connected to a self-arc-extinguishing element in each arm in parallel; a resistor connected between the junction point of the series connection of capacitor and diode and said direct current power line in the opposite side of the junction point of the series connection; and a second capacitor connected between said direct current lines in parallel so as to stride across a positive and a negative arms connected in series for each phase.
5. An electric power converter apparatus for converting a direct current electric power to a variable voltage and variable frequency alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a polarized snubber connected to a self-arc-extinguishing element in each arm in parallel; and a capacitor connected between said direct current lines in parallel so as to stride across said polarized snubbers in a positive and a negative arms for each phase.
6. An electric power converter apparatus for converting a direct current electric power to a variable voltage and variable frequency alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a resistor connected between a first series-connected body of capacitor and diode connected to a self-arc-extinguishing element in each of said arms in parallel and a resistor connected between the junction point of the first series connection of capacitor and diode and said direct current power line in the opposite side of the junction point of the series connection;; a second capacitor connected between said direct current lines in parallel so as to stride across a positive and a negative arms connected in series for each phase; and a package for containing two set of said first series connected bodies of capacitor and diode, and said second capacitor for one phase together.
7. An electric power converter apparatus for converting a direct current electric power to a variable voltage and variable frequency alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a polarized snubber circuit containing a capacitor, the polarized snubber circuit being connected to a self-arcextinguishing element in each arm in parallel; a second capacitor connected between said direct current lines in parallel so as to stride across said polarized snubber circuits in a positive and a negative arms for each phase; and a package for containing said capacitor in said polarized snubber circuit and said second capacitor for one phase together.
8. An electric power converter apparatus as defined in claim 1, further comprising a snubber constructed with a seriesconnected body of a first capacitor, a first diode, a second diode and a second capacitor; and a third capacitor connected to the series-connected body in parallel.
9. An electric power converter apparatus as defined in claim 1, further comprising a snubber constructed with a seriesconnected body of a first capacitor, a first diode, a second diode and a second capacitor; and a third capacitor connected to the series-connected body in parallel; and a package for containing the series-connected body and the third capacitor together, two end terminals of said series-connected body and three terminals of the junction points of each seriesconnected body being led out of the package as connecting terminals.
10. An electric power converter apparatus for converting a direct current electric power to a variable voltage and variable frequency alternating current by connecting two arms having a self-arc-extinguishing type switching element in series between direct current lines for each phase, junction points of the series connection being used as alternating current terminals, which comprises a snubber connected to a self-arc-extinguishing element in each arm; a first package for containing said two sets of self-arcextinguishing switching elements for one phase; a cooling fin mounting three of said first packages for three phase; a second capacitor connected between said direct current power lines in parallel so to stride across a positive and a negative arms of each phase; and a second package for containing said snubber and said second capacitor for one phase together, the second package being mounted on said corresponding first package
11. An electric power converter apparatus according to claim 10, which comprises a third package for containing three sets of resistors, each set of the resistors being connected to the second package for each phase.
12. An electric power converter apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB9604510A 1995-03-10 1996-03-01 Electric power converter apparatus for converting electric power between direct current and alternating current Expired - Fee Related GB2298747B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP05079195A JP3221270B2 (en) 1995-03-10 1995-03-10 Power conversion device and snubber device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9604510D0 GB9604510D0 (en) 1996-05-01
GB2298747A true GB2298747A (en) 1996-09-11
GB2298747B GB2298747B (en) 1997-03-19

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GB9604510A Expired - Fee Related GB2298747B (en) 1995-03-10 1996-03-01 Electric power converter apparatus for converting electric power between direct current and alternating current

Country Status (7)

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JP (1) JP3221270B2 (en)
KR (1) KR960036260A (en)
CN (1) CN1039270C (en)
GB (1) GB2298747B (en)
HK (1) HK1000678A1 (en)
SG (1) SG67916A1 (en)
TW (1) TW295743B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002027908A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Efd Induction A.S. High output power high frequency resonant load inverters
EP1450475A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-08-25 ABB Schweiz AG Inverter circuit with low inclination towards oscillations
EP2605389A4 (en) * 2010-08-10 2015-07-08 Nabtesco Corp Indirect matrix converter
WO2020054539A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2020-03-19 Neturen Co., Ltd. Snubber circuit, power semiconductor module, and induction heating power supply device

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JP3447543B2 (en) * 1998-02-02 2003-09-16 東芝トランスポートエンジニアリング株式会社 Power converter
JP2000333439A (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Toshiba Corp Snubber circuit and power converter
JP4549469B2 (en) * 2000-01-07 2010-09-22 三菱電機株式会社 Inverter device for elevator
JP2004096974A (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-25 Yaskawa Electric Corp Snubber module and power converter
JP4488693B2 (en) * 2003-06-20 2010-06-23 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 Semiconductor AC switch device
JP2006271042A (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-10-05 Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd Multilevel inverter
JP4765550B2 (en) * 2005-10-27 2011-09-07 株式会社明電舎 Inverter circuit
KR101038175B1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2011-05-31 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 Three level power converter
JP5029824B2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2012-09-19 株式会社安川電機 Matrix converter
JP4668301B2 (en) * 2008-06-25 2011-04-13 株式会社日立製作所 Power converter
JP5740986B2 (en) * 2010-03-17 2015-07-01 株式会社安川電機 Power converter
WO2012131754A1 (en) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-04 三菱電機株式会社 Snubber device
JP2013017310A (en) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-24 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Electric power conversion system
JP2012210153A (en) * 2012-08-03 2012-10-25 Daikin Ind Ltd Electric power conversion apparatus
JP6102668B2 (en) * 2013-10-03 2017-03-29 三菱電機株式会社 Power converter

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GB1302574A (en) * 1969-05-15 1973-01-10
GB1543459A (en) * 1976-06-28 1979-04-04 Firing Circuits Power circuits for induction heating
GB2060299A (en) * 1979-09-28 1981-04-29 Borg Warner Shootthrough fault protection system for bipolar transistors in a voltage source transistor inverter
EP0288111A1 (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-26 Holec Systemen En Componenten B.V. Symmetrical electrical snubber circuit
US4888676A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-12-19 Bbc Brown Boveri Ag Damping circuit for turn-off valves
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EP0431492A2 (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-06-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Bridge type power converter with improved efficiency

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GB1302574A (en) * 1969-05-15 1973-01-10
GB1543459A (en) * 1976-06-28 1979-04-04 Firing Circuits Power circuits for induction heating
GB2060299A (en) * 1979-09-28 1981-04-29 Borg Warner Shootthrough fault protection system for bipolar transistors in a voltage source transistor inverter
EP0288111A1 (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-26 Holec Systemen En Componenten B.V. Symmetrical electrical snubber circuit
US4888676A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-12-19 Bbc Brown Boveri Ag Damping circuit for turn-off valves
EP0379346A2 (en) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-25 Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Power conversion unit and module for its construction
EP0431492A2 (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-06-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Bridge type power converter with improved efficiency

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002027908A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Efd Induction A.S. High output power high frequency resonant load inverters
US6842355B2 (en) 2000-09-29 2005-01-11 Efd Induction A.S. High output power high frequency resonant load inverters
EP1450475A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-08-25 ABB Schweiz AG Inverter circuit with low inclination towards oscillations
EP2605389A4 (en) * 2010-08-10 2015-07-08 Nabtesco Corp Indirect matrix converter
US9190924B2 (en) 2010-08-10 2015-11-17 Nabtesco Corporation Indirect matrix converter
WO2020054539A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2020-03-19 Neturen Co., Ltd. Snubber circuit, power semiconductor module, and induction heating power supply device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1039270C (en) 1998-07-22
KR960036260A (en) 1996-10-28
JP3221270B2 (en) 2001-10-22
HK1000678A1 (en) 1998-04-17
SG67916A1 (en) 1999-10-19
CN1135115A (en) 1996-11-06
TW295743B (en) 1997-01-11
GB2298747B (en) 1997-03-19
JPH08251908A (en) 1996-09-27
GB9604510D0 (en) 1996-05-01

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Effective date: 20000301