GB2268097A

GB2268097A - Crushing machine.

Info

Publication number: GB2268097A
Application number: GB9213090A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Mu-Tsang Yang
Original assignee: YANG MU TSANG
Current assignee: YANG MU TSANG
Priority date: 1992-06-19
Filing date: 1992-06-19
Publication date: 1994-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2012-06-19
Also published as: GB2268097B; CN1033219C; GB9213090D0; CN1080215A

Abstract

The machine has a housing 10 containing a receiving space 11, two rotating disks 15 and 16 disposed at opposite sides of space 11, a plurality of parallel shafts 17, a first transmission axle 18 capable of driving the disks 15, 16 and the shafts 17 to undertake joint rotation, a second transmission axle 19 a transmission means 20 to actuate the shafts to undertake self-rotation, (a) motor (s) 23, 24 driving the transmission axles 18, 19, an overload protection means 27 to protect the motor 23, and a plurality of inner knives 30 mounted on the shafts to effect cutting and shearing. The protection detection means 27 may reverse motor 23 for a period - it may be mechanical or electronic. Motor 23 may be a torque motor. Embodiments illustrated involve various arrangements of teeth and parts on shafts 17 (see Figures 6, 7, 9) and teeth or sawlike surface on inner wall of housing 10 "Figures 11, 12 incorporate a cooling arrangement. <IMAGE>

Description

CRUSHING MACHINE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crushing machine.

The crushing device of the prior art is generally composed of a housing containing in the center thereof a shaft having an inner knife mounted thereon.

An outer knife is mounted fixedly on the housing . The shaft is driven to rotate by a transmission means actuated by a motor, thereby resulting in the inner knife, which is mounted on the shaft, to rotate to engage with the stationary outer knife so as to cut an object into pieces.

The crushing device of the prior art described above has been improved by means of two parallel shafts, which are mounted in the housing in such a way that they rotate in opposite directions so that inner knives mounted respectively on the two parallel shafts rotate accordingly to engage so as to cut an object into pieces.

The above-montioned crushing device having dual shafts has been further improved by means of inner knives having serrated portions capable of engaging one another in a coordinated manner so as to effect the cutting of an object. Such cutting device has been further improved by means of the serrated knives having pawls capable of rotating along with shafts parallel to each other. As a result, the pawls mounted on rotating shafts come to cross each other so as to hold the object intended to be cut. The object is held by pawls in such manners that it is squeezed between the two rotating shafts and that it is torn apart and is subsequently cut into pieces by inner and outer knives.

The prior art crushing device, as described above, has been further improved by means of three or more shafts, which are mounted in the housing in such manners that they are parallel to one another and that they are located at different levels. Such improved cutting device is capable of enhancing the cutting efficiency.

There is a serious drawback, which is shared by all the prior art crushing devices mentioned above. It happens at times that knives of the crushing devices may get stuck in an object which is too tough to be cut. Such incident may cause the rotating shaft to come to a halt, thereby bringing about a fire or damage to the motor. Of course, such problem can be overcome by increasing the horsepower of the motor. However, such remedial measure calls for an increase in the size of the crushing machine and therefore an increase in the cost of making the crushing machine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, the primary objective of the present invention to provide a crushing machine with means capable of overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art cutting devices descnbed above.

It is another objective of the present invention to provide a crushing machine with means capable of cutting an object efficiently.

In keeping with the principles of the present invention, the foregoing objectives of the present invention are accomplished by a crushing machine, which comprises a housing, two rotating disks, a predetermined number of shafts, a first transmission axle, a second transmission axle, a transmission mechanism, a power source, a predetermined number of inner knives, and an overload protection mechanism. The two rotating disks are disposed in a parallel manner at both ends of the housing. The shafts are fastened pivotally in a parallel manner to the rotating disks. The first transmission axle has one end fastened securely to the center of the rotating disk in such a way that it can be driven to actuate the rotation of the two rotating disks and the rotation of shafts.The second transmission axle located at outer side of another rotating disk can be driven by an external force. The transmission mechanism is intended to transmit the power of the second transmission axle to each of the shafts. The power source is used to drive the first and the second transmission axles. The overload protection mechanism is arranged between the first transmission axle and the power source so as to protect the power source. A predetermined number of inner knives are mounted on the shafts in such a manner that they form cutting tracks circular in shape at the time when the shafts rotate to execute the process of cutting an object.In view of the fact that individual rotation of the shafts is brought about by the second transmission axle while the joint rotation of the shafts is carried out by the first transmission axle, the cutting tracks of high intensity are made possible.

Therefore, the crushing machine of the present invention is relatively efficient and less noisy.

In order to further enchance the cutting efficiency of the crushing machine of the present invention, the inner wall of the housing of the device may be provided with outer knives or sharp teeth, which can be coordinated with the cutting tracks of inner knives.

The foregoing objectives and features of the present invention will be better understood by studying the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with the drawings provided herewith.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a portion taken along the line 1-1 as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a portion taken along the line 2-2 as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of cutting tracks of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the present invention in action.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a form of cutting tool of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of another form of cutting tool of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of cutting tracks of the cutting tool as shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of still another form of cutting tool of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of cutting tracks of the cutting tool as shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of the present invention which is additionally equipped with a cooling device.

FIG. 12 shows a sectional view of a portion taken along the line 3-3 as shown in FIG.11.

FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of another form of cutting tracks of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 shows a schematic view of still another form of cutting tracks of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is similar to FIG.14, except that outer knives are serrated.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREERRD EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS. 1-3, a crushing machine of the present invention is shown comprising: (a) a housing 10 containing a receiving space 11 and having a feeding port 12 and an outlet 13 equipped with a filtration screen 14 having perforations of a predetermined diameter to permit the material of a predetermined size to pass therethrough; (b) two rotating disks 15 and 16 disposed pivotally at both sides of the receiving space 11 in such a manner that they are parallel to each other; (c) three shafts 17 arranged in the receiving room 11 and fastened pivotally to the two rotating disks 15 and 16 in such manners that they are parallel to one another and that they are spaced apart equidistantly;; (d) a first transmission axle 18 having one end that is fastened to the center of a rotating disk 15 and having other end extending to remain outside the housing 10 so that it can be actuated by an external force to drive the two rotating disks 15 and 16 and the three shafts 17 which rotate jointly around the axial center of the first transmission axle 18; (e) a second transmission axle 19 having one end that is fastened pivotally to the center of a rotating disk 16 and having other end extending to remain outside the housing 10 so that it can be actuated by an external force to rotate; (i) a transmission means 20, as shown in mG. 3, comprising: a driving wheel 21 mounted on the second transmission axle 19 and located at a central position in relation to the three shafts 17; three driven wheels 22 fastened respectively to the three shafts 17 in such a manner that they are in contact with the driving wheel 21 so as to be driven by the driving wheel 21 in order to trigger the shafts 17 to rotate; (g) two motors 23 and 24 for use in driving the first and the second transmission axles 18 and 19; (h) a braking means 25 disposed between the motor 23 and the first transmission axle 18; (i) an overload protection means arranged between the motor 23 and the braking means 25 for the purpose of preventing the motor 23 from being damaged by overload;; (j) four outer knives 29 detachably mounted in the side walls of the housing 10, with their blades extending into the receiving space 11 of the housing 10; and (k) nine inner knives 30, with three in a group detachably mounted on each of the three shafts 17 in such a manner that three inner knives 30 are spaced apart equidistantly by 120 degrees on the shaft 17.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, there are two motors 23 and 24, which are used to drive respectively the first and the second transmission axles 18 and 19. The first transmission axle 18 drives the rotating disk 15, which in turn actuates the three shafts 17 to turn so as to trigger the rotating disk 16 to rotate. The second transmission axle 19 actuates, via the driving wheel 21, the three driven wheels 22, thereby resulting in self-rotation of the three shafts 17, as shown in FIG. 4. The three inner knives 30 mounted on each of the three shafts 17 undertake the self-rotation to form a circular cutting track 32. As the joint-rotation of the three shafts 17 takes place, a joint cutting track 31 is formed by the three cutting tracks 32, which are tangent to one another to result in three inner cutting areas 33.The joint cutting track 31 and the four outer knives 29 form four outer cutting areas 34. The speed of the inner cutting area 33 is twice the speed of the self-rotation angle at the time when the shearing takes place, while the speed of the outer cutting area 34 is equal to the sum of the speeds of self-rotation angle and joint rotation angle at the time when shearing takes place.

In operation, the first transmission axle 18 rotates at low speed and low torsion, while the second transmission axle 19 rotates at high speed and high torsion. The material to be cut is fed through the feeding port 12 into the receiving space 11, in which the material is subjected to the cutting of inner knives 30 and outer knives 29. The material is thus cut into pieces small enough to pass through the perforations of the filtration screen 14.

As shown in FIG. 5, the material of a greater size may get stuck in the feeding port 12 before falling into the receiving space 11. If such material is less rigid, it can be crushed by the violent angular impact generated by the joint rotation of the shafts 17. If the material to be cut is rather rigid and tough, it may not be crushed by the angular impact of the joint rotation of the shafts 17, thereby bringing about an interruption of joint rotation of the shafts 17. As a result, the overload protection means 27 is alerted to stop and reverse the motor 23 for a predetermined period of time before the motor 23 is allowed to resume a normal operation. It must be noted here that the joint rotation of the shafts 17 must be reversed a predetermined angle before it is allowed to proceed in a normally operating manner so as to prevent the motors 23 and 24 from being damaged.As self-rotation of shafts 17 resumes, the inner knives 30 mounted on shafts 17 begin again the task of cutting the material in question. Upon completion of cutting the material, the shafts 17 resume their normal joint rotation.

The overload protection means 27 may be of traditional mechanical design or more sophisticated electronic circuit design.

The motor 23, which drives the first transmission axle 18, may be a torque motor. It stops operating automatically at the time when its load exceeds its prescribed torsional moment.

In addition, the first and the second transmission axles 18 and 19 may be driven by a single motor in a situation calling for less horsepower.

In order to economize the power required for operating the crushing machine of the present invention, the shafts 17 may be embodied in other specific form. For example, the shaft 17 may be provided with a surface having thereon spirally-arranged cutting teeth 28, as shown in FIG. 6, which reduce the shearing surface at the very moment when the action of cutting takes place.

Another modification is illustrated in FIG. 7, in which both inner and outer knives are serrated. Such sawlike knives form the cutting tracks as shown in FIG.

8. The notches and the edges of inner and outer knives are so coordinated that tangent areas 36 are formed by the self-rotation cutting tracks 35. In the meantime, a tangent area 39 is formed by a joint rotation cutting track 37 and the outer knives 38.

Further modification of the crushing machine of the present invention is possible. For example, the serrated cutting tools described above may be provided with pawls 40 and notches 41, as shown in FIG. 9. The pawls 40 serve the purpose of catching in the feeding port 12 the material to be cut and of depositing the captured material in the receiving space 11 of the crushing machine. In addition, the pawls 40 can tear up the material. As shown in FIG. 10, the pawls 40 form a tangent effect at the center of the three self-rotation cutting tracks 42.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the three self-rotation cutting tracks 42 may be provided at the center thereof with a circular pipe 43 fastened securely to the rotating disks 44 and 45 and provided with a plurality of through holes 46 and with an axial hole 47 in communication with an axial hole 49 of the first transmission axle 48 connected with a universal joint 50 communicating via a connection tube 51 with a cooling apparatus 52 supplying a high-pressure coolant, which can be thus transported to the circular pipe 43 where it is ejected via the through holes 46 so as to cool the crushing machine and to rinse the crushed material.In addition, the coolant removes the heat generated by the operating machine so as to prolong the service life of the cutting tools and to prevent the temperature build-up which may cause the crushed material, such as plastic material, to melt in the crushing machine.

The crushing machine of the present invention may be further modified, as shown in FIG. 13. The three driving shafts are arranged in such a way that their self-rotation cutting tracks 52 do not touch so as to have only the cutting action without the shearing action. However, the joint rotation cutting track 53 formed by the three driving shafts remains tangent with the outer knives 54 so as to effect a shearing action. Such modification has a merit of economizing the power required for operating the crushing machine.

Still another modification of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 14, in which self-rotation cutting tracks 55 of the three driving shafts remain apart, while the joint rotation cutting track 56 of the three driving shafts and the outer knives 57 are not tangent. Such modification permits the crushing machine to have only the cutting effect without the shearing effect. As a result, the crushing machine can be operated at a very high speed without using up too much of the power.

Finally, the outer knives of the crushing machine of the present invention may be replaced by an inner wall of the housing porvided with sawlike surface 58, as shown in FIG. 15. In such instance, the task of cutting the material is executed by inner knives only.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are to be considered in all respects as merely illustrative and not restrictive. Accordingly, the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without deviating from the spirit thereof. Therefore, the present invention is to be limited only by the scope of the hereinafter appended claims.

Claims

VVBT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A crushing machine, comprising: (a) a housing containing therein a receiving space; (b) two rotating disks disposed pivotally at both sides of said receiving space in such a manner that they are parallel to each other; (c) a predetermined number of shafts fastened pivotally to said rotating disks in such manners that they are parallel to one another and that they can be driven to undertake self-rotation; (d) a first transmission axle having one end that is fastened to the center of one of said rotating disks and capable of driving said shafts to undertake joint rotation around the axial center of said first transmission axle; (e) a second transmission axle located outside said rotating disk; (f) a transmission means transmitting power from said second transmission axle to each of said shafts to undertake said self-rotation;; (g) at least a power source to actuate said first transmission axle and said second transmission axle; (h) an overload protection means arranged between said first transmission axle and said power source; and (i) a predetermined number of inner knives mounted on said shafts so as to undertake said self-rotation and said joint rotation in conjunction with said shafts, said self-rotation and said joint rotation being circular in shape to form self-rotation cutting tracks and joint rotation cutting tracks.

2. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said housing has an inner wall provided with a plurality of outer knives.

3. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said housing has a serrated inner wall.

4. Ther crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said joint rotation cutting track of said inner knives is tangent with said outer knives.

5. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said self-rotation cutting tracks of said inner knives adjacent to one another are tangent.

6. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said power source is a motor, and wherein said overload protection means is a protective circuit.

7. The crushing machine of claim 6 wherein said overload protection means causes said power source to reverse its operation for a predetermined period of time before resuming its normal operation to provide said crushing machine with power.

8. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said transmission means comprises a driving wheel located at axial center where said joint rotation takes place and driven by said second transmission axle; and a predetermined number of driven wheels actuated by said driving wheel so as to trigger said shafts to undertake said self-rotation.

9. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said rotating disks are provided with a predetermined number of pipes arranged therebetween and furnished with a plurality of through holes in communication with axial hole of said first transmission axle communicating with a universal joint connected via a tube with a cooling means supplying a high-pressure coolant.

10. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said shaft has a surface provided with spirally-arranged and integrally-made cutting tool.

11. The crushing machine of claim 2 wherein said inner knives and said outer knives are serrated and arranged in such manners that said self-rotation cutting tracks of said inner knives adjacent to each other form tangent areas, and that said joint rotation cutting track and said outer knives form tangent areas.

12. The crushing machine of claim 2 wherein said inner knives and said outer knives are provided with pawls and notches, which are arranged in such a manner that said pawls and said notches of said inner knives and said outer knives adjacent to each other are coordinated.

13. The crushing machine of claim 1 wherein said rotating disks are bridged at centers thereof by a pipe having a plurality of through holes in communication with an axial hole thereof, which in turn communicates with an axial hole of said first transmission axle communicating with a universal joint connected via a tube with a cooling means supplying a high-pressure coolant.

14. A crushing machine substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.