GB2247604A - Progressively dissolving foods for the nutrition of aquatic animals and production process - Google Patents
Progressively dissolving foods for the nutrition of aquatic animals and production process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2247604A GB2247604A GB9113178A GB9113178A GB2247604A GB 2247604 A GB2247604 A GB 2247604A GB 9113178 A GB9113178 A GB 9113178A GB 9113178 A GB9113178 A GB 9113178A GB 2247604 A GB2247604 A GB 2247604A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- microorganisms
- product according
- mixture
- casein
- foods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 18
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 15
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010028690 Fish Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004523 agglutinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940094443 oxytocics prostaglandins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003180 prostaglandins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Description
PROGRESSIVELY DISSOLVING FOODS FOR THE NUTRITION OF AQUATIC
ANIMALS AND PRODUCTION PROCESS
The present invention relates to progressively dissolving foods for the nutrition of aquatic animals. It likewise relates to a process for obtaining such products.
The patent FR-2,496,408 relates to a process for stabilisation of fat-soluble and degradable nutritional products. This process comprises mixing a fat-soluble nutritional product to be stabilised and a protein hydrolysate to obtain a homogeneous paste which is then packaged.
The fat-soluble nutritional product is chosen from amongst the fatty substances containing unsaturated fatty acids, for example vegetable or animal oils, and/or fat-soluble vitamins, especially those of the types A, D3 and E.
The protein hydrolysate can be a hydrolysate of fish, animal protein, vegetable protein or lactoprotein.
These protein hydrolysates enriched in fat-soluble products are advantageously employed in the form of concentrates or in a powdered form.
The nutritional products obtained may constitute, for example, dietetic or therapeutic foods, necessary for the metabolism of prostaglandins by the human body.
The products can be packaged in the form of tablets, coated tablets, capsules or injectable probes.
The products described in the patent FR-2,496,408 are intended for animal or human nutrition but do not conveniently allow the nutrition of aquatic animals because of their rapid dissolution in aqueous solution.
The application FR-A-2,447,683 in its case describes foods for small animals and especially for fish, composed of small round granules mainly having a size less than 300 p.
These granules are intended to be eaten directly in mouthfuls, in particular by small fish, and are not solubilised in the aqueous medium.
These granules are obtained by pulverisation of an agglomerating solution on the foods.
The application WO-A-8,401,091 likewise relates to foods directly consumable by fish and not solubilised in aqueous medium. The agglomeration of the foods is achieved with the aid of dry powder agglutinating materials which are mixed with by-products of animal origin in liquid form.
According to the present invention, it has been found in a surprising manner that the association of protein hydrolysates enriched in lipids with casein, microorganisms which can be brought to life again and other additives allows a product to be obtained which dissolves in a progressive manner in aqueous solution, thus allowing sustained nutrition of aquatic animals.
The present invention therefore has as its subject a food product which dissolves progressively and in a controlled manner in aqueous medium, characterised in that it is composed principally of a mixture of protein hydrolysates enriched in lipids and nutriments, in particular fish viscera concentrates, micronised crustacean shell powder, encapsulated microorganisms, algal powder, vitamins and/or mineral salts, the said mixture being covered in casein and being rich in microorganisms which can be brought to life again.
Microorganisms which can be brought to life again are understood as meaning microorganisms which are not dead, that is to say which can multiply under physiological conditions.
Microorganisms of this type can especially be yeasts or streptococci complying with standards demanded in animal feeding.
Advantageously, microorganisms of this type may be capable of reproducing in seawater at temperatures of between 8"C and 15"C.
A subject of the invention is also a process of preparation of foods dissolving progressively in aqueous medium comprising the combination of the following steps:
1) production of a protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids,
2) mixture of the hydrolysate with nutriments,
3) kneading of the composition with an aqueous solution of casein,
4) shaping of the products.
This process can also comprise a fifth step in which the shaped products are cooled by dried air, preferentially for approximately 48 hours.
In addition, the pH can advantageously be adjusted to a value of approximately 6 after kneading the preparation, especially by addition of a dilute acid.
Obtaining the protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids is preferentially carried out by the process described in the patent 2,496,408 cited above. These hydrolysates are composed of sufficiently small particles (less than 2p) to be absorbed by microorganisms; these molecules may be fragments of fish proteins.
The water-solubility of the lipids in the hydrolysates is such that the hydrolysates can be dissolved in water in a ratio of 1:10 without separation of the lipids being observed.
The nutriments mixed with the hydrolysates can be concentrates of fish viscera, micronised crustacean shell powder, encapsulated microorganisms, algal powder, vitamins and/or mineral salts.
These nutriments are preferentially in the form of powders, and are mixed with the protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids in a powder mixer or any other device having the same effect.
The solution of casein used in step 3) is first prepared separately in a heated kneader at a temperature below 50"C and at a pH of approximately 8 + 0.5.
The mixture obtained in the course of step 2) is poured into the kneader, keeping the mixture stirred, in such a way as to obtain the total mixing and covering of the particles by the casein solution.
The products are preferably given the form of granules or of tablets.
Advantageously, these tablets weigh a few grams to several hundreds of grams and/or contain from 25 to 65% by weight of casein.
The speed of dissolution is controlled by varying the quantity of casein in relation to the nutritional components; dissolution thereof may last a few hours to more than a week.
These products are advantageously used for the nutrition of aquatic animals and in particular for the nutrition of molluscs, crustaceans and echinoids. They are capable of releasing in a very progressive manner, lasting several days, their nutritional components in a current of fresh water or seawater.
Without it being possible to consider this hypothesis as a limitation of the invention, it is probable that the release of the nutritional components of the granules or tablets may be favoured by the microorganisms contained in the products which, in aqueous medium, would degrade the casein covering the mixture.
Some microorganisms would then metabolise, at least in part, the nutriments and other constituents of the products and would be consumed in their turn by the aquatic animals.
Thus, the release of the nutritional components can be modulated and controlled by the number of microorganisms present in the product. These microorganisms are advantageously present at a minimum density of 104 microorganisms/g of product.
The description which follows gives in an illustrative and non-limiting manner examples of application of the invention with reference to the figure which describes the steps of the process of preparation of foods which dissolve progressively in aqueous medium.
The attached figure is an illustrative diagram of the process according to the invention. As the figure shows, the process starts from a protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids which is mixed dry with the powder additives (reference 1). Moreover, the preparation of a casein solution starting from hot water and casein is carried out in 2. After kneading, the pH of this solution is adjusted (reference 3).
In step 4, the kneading of the preparation produced starting from the powder mixture originating in 1 and the solution of casein originating in 3 is carried out.
The product can then be treated by different techniques for its final shaping. Two of them are represented by way of example in the drawing.
In the first variant, the preparation from step 4 is submitted directly to moulding in 5 and then to drying in an oven in 6. Packaging (not represented) carried out in the conventional manner allows the moulded products to be protected from attack by external agents, in particular humidity.
In the other variant, the preparation originating in step 4 is submitted to a granulation operation in 7, for example by passing through a die. The granules thus obtained are then cooled in 8, in particular on a fluidised bed.
EXAMPLE 1 :
Preparation of boats based on protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids, veast and crab shell powder
100 kg of the powdered products below are mixed in a powder mixer: -Protein hydrolysate enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids 55 kg -Microencapsulated yeasts 14 kg -Micronised crab shell powder 17 kg -Monocalcium phosphate 8 kg -Magnesium oxide powder 4 kg -Vitamins A and E 2 kg
Separately, an aqueous solution of casein with the following constituents is prepared with the use of heat in a double-walled vessel fitted with a kneader and an extracting screw: -Hot water at 550C 96 litres -Casein 45 kg
The pH is adjusted to 8 + 0.5 so as to obtain total solubilisation of the casein.
After total dissolution of the casein, 100 kg of the powdered nutritional mixture produced above are poured in progressively and the mixture is kneaded to obtain a homogeneous paste.
The preparation obtained is then rapidly moulded into boats of approximately 250 g which are placed for 24 hours in a drying oven at room temperature.
The boats are then closed by heat-sealing according to the usual methods.
EXAMPLE 2 :
Preparation of granules based on protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids, micronised alaal powder and crab shell sowder The following products are mixed dry: -Protein hydrolysate enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids 60 kg -Micronised algal powder 12 kg -Crab shell powder 15 kg -Magnesium oxide powder 4 kg -Monocalcium phosphate 4 kg -50% vitamin E 1 kg
The aqueous solution of 55 kg of casein is prepared separately in the kneader defined in Example 1, adjusting the pH to 8 + 0.5 and the temperature to 50"C to obtain a volume of 160 litres.
The mixture of the products produced above is progressively poured in with mixing.
When the mixture is homogeneous, the paste obtained is moulded through a die at 50 0C to obtain 2 to 5 g granules which are immediately cooled on a fluidised bed fed with dry air at a maximum of 10 C.
The granules are packaged in PVC sachets sealed in vacuo.
EXAMPLE 3:
Preparation of boats based on Protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids, fish viscera powder and yeasts.
The dry premixture of the nutritional products is carried out with the following components: -Protein hydrolysate enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids 35 kg -Fish viscera powder rich in stabilised enzymes 20 kg -Microencapsulated yeasts 11 kg -Monocalcium phosphate 8 kg -Magnesium oxide powder 4 kg -Vitamin mixture 2 kg
The aqueous solution of 48 kg of casein is prepared separately at a temperature of 55"C taking care to adjust the pH to 8 + 0.5 to obtain a volume of 150 litres.
When dissolution is complete, 100 kg of the preparation defined above are poured in progressively with stirring while maintaining a temperature of 50"C.
When the paste is homogeneous, the product is moulded into boats of approximately 500 g as in Example 1 and cooled in a drying oven for 24 hours at 15"C.
EXAMPLE 4:
Growth of marine animals fed by the products of
Examples 1 and 3.
Using the blocks produced according to Example 1, 10,000 clams were fed for 1 year in an artificial pool fed with filtered seawater. The clams, of size 2 mm at the start of the experiment, underwent a greater increase in size than control animals, fed by algal cultures in addition to the natural medium.
In a second experiment, prawns were fed for 6 months in a pool fed with filtered seawater. The growth likewise proved to be superior to control prawns, fed by conventional foods.
In another experiment, sea urchins were fed for 1 year with the food manufactured according to Example 3.
The growth and the gain in weight of the animals proves to be superior to the standards recognised for this species.
It will of course be understood that the present invention has been described above purely by way of example, and modifications of detail can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. Food product which dissolves progressively and in a controlled manner in aqueous medium, characterised in that it is composed principally of a mixture of protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids and nutriments, the said mixture being covered in casein and being rich in microorganisms which can be brought to life again.
2. Product according to Claim 1, characterised in that the proteins of the hydrolysate are fish proteins.
3. Product according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the protein hydrolysate is enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
4. Product according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the nutriments comprise fish viscera concentrates, micronised crustacean shell powder, microorganisms, algal powder, vitamins and mineral salts, on their own or mixed.
5. Product according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it is in the form of tablets or of granules.
6. Product according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the density of the microorganisms which can be brought to life again is at the minimum approximately 104 microorganisms/g of product.
7. Process of preparation of foods dissolving progressively in aqueous medium comprising the combination of the following steps:
1) Production of a protein hydrolysate enriched in lipids;
2) Mixture of the hydrolysate with nutriments;
3) Kneading of the mixture with an aqueous solution of casein.
4) Shaping of the products.
8. Process according to Claim 7, characterised in that the shaped products are cooled by dried air.
9. Process according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the solution of casein is heated to a temperature of approximately 50"C and in that its pH is adjusted to approximately 8.
10. Process according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterised in that step (3) of kneading is followed by an adjustment of the pH to a value of approximately 6.
11. Product according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, for the nutrition of aquatic animals, in particular molluscs, crustaceans and echinoids.
12. A food product substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying examples and/or drawing.
13. A food product according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described.
14. A process of preparation of foods dissolving progressively in aqueous medium substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying examples and/or drawing.
15. A process according to claim 7 substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9007671A FR2663200B1 (en) | 1990-06-19 | 1990-06-19 | PROGRESSIVELY DISSOLVED FOODS FOR AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9113178D0 GB9113178D0 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| GB2247604A true GB2247604A (en) | 1992-03-11 |
| GB2247604B GB2247604B (en) | 1994-08-17 |
Family
ID=9397792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9113178A Expired - Fee Related GB2247604B (en) | 1990-06-19 | 1991-06-18 | Progressively dissolving foods for the nutrition of aquatic animals and production process |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2035781B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2663200B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2247604B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1249663B (en) |
| MA (1) | MA22184A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT98037B (en) |
| TN (1) | TNSN91052A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997042836A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-20 | Aquatic Feeds Aps | Dry fish feed and method of preparing same |
| WO2000035299A1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-22 | Sildolje- Og Sildemelindustriens Forskningsinstitutt | A powdered protein composition having binding properties adapted for use as protein source and binder in a formulated feed |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3939279A (en) * | 1969-08-22 | 1976-02-17 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Feed and method of aquianimals cultivation |
| GB2217175A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-10-25 | Unilever Plc | Proteinaceous lipid composition |
| WO1991005480A1 (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1991-05-02 | Unilever Plc | Dry solid compositions containing lipid |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3892866A (en) * | 1969-10-20 | 1975-07-01 | Taiyo Fishery Co Ltd | Process for the preparation of feed for cultivating macrura |
| CH627623A5 (en) * | 1977-05-24 | 1982-01-29 | Elkawi Ag | FISH FOOD AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF. |
| JPS6013660B2 (en) * | 1977-06-15 | 1985-04-09 | 協和醗酵工業株式会社 | Food for breeding snails and sea urchins |
| JPS5529958A (en) * | 1978-08-23 | 1980-03-03 | Shizuokaken | Feed for lobster |
| FR2447683A1 (en) * | 1979-01-30 | 1980-08-29 | Unilever Nv | Granulation of foodstuff esp. for fish - by spraying an aq. soln. of a polymer on an agitated bed of finely-divided ingredients |
| EP0118421B1 (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1986-03-05 | Henn Dr. Pohlhausen | Process for manufacturing dry food for fish |
| JPS63209580A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-08-31 | Karupisu Shokuhin Kogyo Kk | Bacillus subtilis c-3102 |
-
1990
- 1990-06-19 FR FR9007671A patent/FR2663200B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-06-17 MA MA22460A patent/MA22184A1/en unknown
- 1991-06-18 IT ITTO910462A patent/IT1249663B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-06-18 ES ES9101453A patent/ES2035781B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-18 GB GB9113178A patent/GB2247604B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-19 TN TNTNSN91052A patent/TNSN91052A1/en unknown
- 1991-06-19 PT PT98037A patent/PT98037B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3939279A (en) * | 1969-08-22 | 1976-02-17 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Feed and method of aquianimals cultivation |
| GB2217175A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-10-25 | Unilever Plc | Proteinaceous lipid composition |
| WO1991005480A1 (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1991-05-02 | Unilever Plc | Dry solid compositions containing lipid |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997042836A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-20 | Aquatic Feeds Aps | Dry fish feed and method of preparing same |
| WO2000035299A1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-22 | Sildolje- Og Sildemelindustriens Forskningsinstitutt | A powdered protein composition having binding properties adapted for use as protein source and binder in a formulated feed |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9113178D0 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| ES2035781B1 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
| GB2247604B (en) | 1994-08-17 |
| ITTO910462A0 (en) | 1991-06-18 |
| TNSN91052A1 (en) | 1992-10-25 |
| ES2035781A1 (en) | 1993-04-16 |
| IT1249663B (en) | 1995-03-09 |
| PT98037B (en) | 1998-11-30 |
| FR2663200B1 (en) | 1993-04-02 |
| MA22184A1 (en) | 1991-12-31 |
| PT98037A (en) | 1992-04-30 |
| FR2663200A1 (en) | 1991-12-20 |
| ITTO910462A1 (en) | 1992-12-18 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 746 | Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977) |
Effective date: 19970801 |
|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20010618 |