GB2230798A - Cladding panel: minimising wind damage - Google Patents
Cladding panel: minimising wind damage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2230798A GB2230798A GB9007511A GB9007511A GB2230798A GB 2230798 A GB2230798 A GB 2230798A GB 9007511 A GB9007511 A GB 9007511A GB 9007511 A GB9007511 A GB 9007511A GB 2230798 A GB2230798 A GB 2230798A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- external wall
- finish
- frame
- air
- wall panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0869—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having conduits for fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
- E04C2/523—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for ventilating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
- E04F13/0821—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements
- E04F13/0825—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements engaging side holes preformed into the covering elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
A panel 1 for an external wall of a building comprises finish panels 2 which are mounted on and spaced from a frame 3 formed of sheet steel 7 and a lattice work 8, 9 by an air gap 4. Air vents 5 allow wind pressure to pass between the panels 2 and frame 3 and so equalize the pressure across the finish panel 2. Thus the finish panel 2 can be of relatively thin material as it does not have to withstand such a high pressure differential as prior art designs. Vents 5a may be provided in joints 18 between the panels 2. <IMAGE>
Description
EXTERNAL BUILDING WALL AND PANEL THEREFOR
This invention relates to an external wall panel of a building and an external wall of a building consisting of such external wall panels.
Nowadays the external wall of a building is often finished with stones or tiles which are relatively easy to clean and repair and also give the impression of cleanliness and have a pleasing appearance. The finishing members are generally attached by an adhesive material, such as mortar.
External walls of buildings are exposed to rain and water, and sometimes strong winds such as typhoons.
Thus, the finish member needs to be attached very strongly to avoid separation from the building. Also the finish member needs to be thick enough to have sufficient strength in order to prevent warping or other deformation in strong winds. As a result, the weight of the external wall panel is increased. Also, the overall weight of the external wall is increased and this adversely affects the buildings resistance to earthquakes, and the increase in the quantity of material used increases the manufacturing cost of the external wall panel. When high-class stone or crystalline glass is used as the finish member, the manufacturing cost is increased quite severely.
The present invention aims to overcome or reduce the problems noted above, and its object is to provide an external wall panel and an external wall consisting of such external wall panels which permit a reduction in the weight of the external wall panel and that of the corresponding external wall, together with reduced manufacturing and construction costs by making the finish member such as tile and stone as thin as possible.
According to the present invention, an external wall panel comprises a finish member such as a stone and a tile arranged on the outdoor side of the external wall panel, a structural frame body arranged on the indoor side of the finish member, the structural frame body having air tightness and water tightness and capable of being resistant to a wind pressure, an air layer defined between the finish member and the structural frame body, and an air vent hole communicating from the air layer to the outside air and provided in the finish member or in a joint portion between the adjacent finish members.
Further, an external wall consisting of such external wall panels is so constituted that a plurality of external walls panels are installed as being vertically and laterally adjacent to each other, and air vent hole communicating from the air layer to the outside air is provided in a joint portion between the adjacent external wall panels, and a joint portion between the adjacent structural frame bodies is filled with a seal member.
Other preferred features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying claims.
The invention will be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a pair of external wall panels forming an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view through the external wall panels of Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section view through a pair of external wall panel similar to those of Figure 1; and
Figs. 4 to 7 are enlarged-scale sectional views showing details of the wall panels of Figure 1.
Referring to the drawing, an external wall panel 1 forming an embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of finish members 2 arranged to form the outer face of the wall panel 1, and a structural frame 3 which forms the inner face of the panel 1. An air layer 4 of predetermined thickness is defined between the frame finish members 2 and the structural frame 3, and air vent holes 5 provide communication between the air layer 4 and the outside air and are formed between the vertically and laterally adjacent finish members 2, 2 or are provided in the body of the finish members 2.
The structural frame 3 is formed by attaching a rust-proof steel sheet 7 to the outer face of a lattice-like frame work 6. The lattice-like frame work 6 is formed by welding or bolting together a plurality of horizontal and vertical members 8, 9 each of which is made of light-weight angle steel or H-shaped cross-section steel or the like.
The rust-proof steel sheet 7, may instead be of, for example, aluminium, and the surface of the sheet 7 is subjected to fire-proofing and rust-proofing treatment.
The sheet 7 is integrally attached to the outer face of the lattice-like frame work 6 by welding or bolting and is arranged to prevent wind and rain from penetrating through to the inner surface of the panel 1.
The surface of the sheet 7 is provided with a plurality of pairs of hook bolts 10 (Figure 4). These hook bolts 10 are provided all across surface of the rust-proof steel sheet 7.
The tip and the base of each hook bolt 10 are respectively formed into a substantially L-shaped hook 10a and an externally threaded portion lOb. A hook bolt 10 is fixed in place by passing the threaded portion lOb through an aperture in a horizontal frame member 8 or a vertical frame member 9 from the side of the sheet 7, and is held by a nut 11.
In such case, the hook ends 10a project away from each other, upwardly and downwardly in the case of Figure 4.
Packing members 12 are provided to prevent the entry of wind and water.
The finish members 2, are preferably rectangular panels of stone, tile, crystalline glass, procelain, enamel steel sheet or the like. The finish member is formed as thin as possible in order to reduce the weight of the external wall panel.
A hole 13 of a predetermined depth is bored in each of the upper and lower edges of each finish member 2 and the member 2 is fixed in position by respectively fitting the hook ends 10a, 10a of a pair of hook bolts 10, 10 into the corresponding holes 13, 13 in the upper and lower edges of each finish member 2.
In such case, adjacent finish members 2, 2 are not brought into close contact with each other, but a fixed gap is defined between the respective adjacent finish members 2, 2 to form the air vent hole 5 communicating between the air layer 4 and the outside air.
The air vent hole 5 need not be left completely open, but the join may be filled with a joint member 18 (Figure 6) with circular or slit-like holes in the joint member 18 at predetermined intervals. In such a case, an air vent pipe 5a may be inserted into the air vent hole 5 in order to protect the inner periphery of the air vent hole 5.
Further, the air vent hole 5 may be formed with a step (see Fig. 5) or a rising gradient sloping from the outer face to the inner face (see Fig. 7) to prevent the admission of rain water.
The air vent hole 5 may also be directly provided in each finish member 2.
Fig. 6 shows a method 0:E mounting the finish members 2 by using furring strips 14 in place of the hook bolts 10.
Each furring strip 14 is of light-weight channel steel.
An inner flange portion 14a is provided with mounting bolts 15, which are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the furring strip 14.
Air vent holes 5 are bored in a web portion 14b of each furring strip 14, and also arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the furring strip 14.
Two furring strips 14 are attached to one horizontal frame 8 of the lattice-like frame 6 to extend horizontally along the frame 8 on the outer face of the rust-proof steel sheet 7.
An externally threaded portion 15b of each mounting bolt 15 passes through the horizontal frame 8 of the lattice-like frame body 6 from the side of the rust-proof steel sheet7, and is held by a fixing nut 11.
The outer flange portion 14c of the upper furring strip 14 is directed upwardly and the outer flange portion 14c of the lower furring strip 14 is directed downwardly.
A groove 16 of a predetermined depth is pro:;rt.e?t each of the upper and lower edges of each finish member 2 and the respective finish members 2 are fixed in position by bringing the outer flange portions 14c, 14c of the respective furring strips 14, 14 into engagement with the corresponding grooves 16, 16.
The external wall panels 1 thus formed are installed on a wall surface portion of a building vertically and laterally adjacent to each other, and are, fixed to a frame of the building such as a slab or beam.
A finish member joint portion (such as at 18) between the vertically or laterally adjacent wall panels 1, 1 is provided with an air vent hole 5 communicating from the air layer 4 to the outside air, while the joint portion between the frames 3 filled with a seal 17 (Figure 3).
The air vent hole 5 provided in the joint portion between the finish members 2 of adjacent external wall panels is quite similar in structure to the air vent hole in the joint portion between the respective finish members 2, 2, of each wall panel.
With the above structure, the wall constituted by the wall panels 1 is formed with the air layer 4 which is continuous over the entire wall surface, and this air layer 4 communicates with the outside air through the air vent holes 5.
Strong wind blowing against the surface of the finish members 2 comes into the air layer 4 through the air vent holes 5, and so the wind pressure in the air layer 4 always becomes substantially equal to the wind pressure of the outside air.
Thus, since the wind pressure across the finish members 2 comes to be theoretically zero, there is less or no likelihood of the finish members 2 being warped or deformed by strong wind. As a result, the finish member 2 can be made thinner.
The invention has been particularly described by way of example only and various modifications may be made to the described embodiments, as will be apparent to those in the art. It is desired to include within the scope of the accompanying claims all such modifications as are warranted by the invention described herein.
Claims (7)
1. An external wall panel, comprising:
a structural frame, said structural frame being water tight and air tight and capable of being resistant to a wind pressure;
a finish member carried by said structural frame on the outer face thereof;
an air layer defined between said finish member and said structural frame; and
an air vent communicating between said air layer and the outside air and provided in said finish member or in a joint between adjacent finish members.
2. An external wall panel according to claim 1, wherein said finish member is made of tile, stone, crystalline glass, porcelain enamel steel sheet or the like.
3. An external wall panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said structural frame is formed by attaching a rust-proof steel sheet to the outer surface of a lattice-like frame.
4. An external wall panel according to claim 3, wherein the lattice-like frame is formed from angle steel, channel steel, H-shaped cross-section steel or the like.
5. An external wall panel substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures 1 to 3 and any of Figures 4 to 7 of the accompanying drawings
6. An external wall of a building, comprising:
a plurality of external wall panels as defined in any one of claim 1 to 5, the panels being mounted vertically and/or laterally adjacent to each other;
an air vent hole communicating from an air layer to the outside air provided in a join between the adjacent finish members panels; and
a join between the adjacent structural frames which is filled with a seal member.
7. An external wall for a building, substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures 1 to 3 and any of Figures 4 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1085381A JPH0726465B2 (en) | 1989-04-04 | 1989-04-04 | Exterior wall and exterior wall of building consisting of exterior wall panel |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9007511D0 GB9007511D0 (en) | 1990-05-30 |
| GB2230798A true GB2230798A (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| GB2230798B GB2230798B (en) | 1993-01-06 |
Family
ID=13857159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9007511A Expired - Fee Related GB2230798B (en) | 1989-04-04 | 1990-04-03 | External building wall and panel therefor |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0726465B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR0172944B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2230798B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4989270B2 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2012-08-01 | 大成建設株式会社 | Ventilation structure in outer heat insulation structure |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1014857A (en) * | 1961-01-05 | 1965-12-31 | John Harry Blomqvist | A method of securing facade or wall coverings for buildings |
| EP0194372A2 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1986-09-17 | Bridgestone Corporation | An outer heat insulating structure on a building roof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54103210A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-08-14 | Taisei Corp | Outer wall*s vertical joint with oblique hole |
| JPS611518U (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-01-08 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Open joints on exterior wall panels |
| JPH02157342A (en) * | 1988-12-08 | 1990-06-18 | Toyo Sash Co Ltd | Protecting device for stone outer panel of curtain wall unit |
-
1989
- 1989-04-04 JP JP1085381A patent/JPH0726465B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-04-03 GB GB9007511A patent/GB2230798B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-03 KR KR1019900004567A patent/KR0172944B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1014857A (en) * | 1961-01-05 | 1965-12-31 | John Harry Blomqvist | A method of securing facade or wall coverings for buildings |
| EP0194372A2 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1986-09-17 | Bridgestone Corporation | An outer heat insulating structure on a building roof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2230798B (en) | 1993-01-06 |
| GB9007511D0 (en) | 1990-05-30 |
| KR900016562A (en) | 1990-11-13 |
| JPH02266057A (en) | 1990-10-30 |
| JPH0726465B2 (en) | 1995-03-22 |
| KR0172944B1 (en) | 1999-02-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990403 |