GB2211914A - Crankshaft bearing journal - Google Patents
Crankshaft bearing journal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2211914A GB2211914A GB8825874A GB8825874A GB2211914A GB 2211914 A GB2211914 A GB 2211914A GB 8825874 A GB8825874 A GB 8825874A GB 8825874 A GB8825874 A GB 8825874A GB 2211914 A GB2211914 A GB 2211914A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- crankshaft
- adjacent
- bearing
- sleeve member
- lubricant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/10—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for both radial and axial load
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
- F16C3/06—Crankshafts
- F16C3/10—Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding by crimping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
- F16C3/06—Crankshafts
- F16C3/14—Features relating to lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
- F16C9/04—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
2211914 1 e BT/8716OGB1 CRANKSHAFT BEARING JOURNAL This invention relates
to a crankshaft having adjacent web portions thereof interconnected by hollow bearing journals. Such crankshafts with hollow cylindrical bearing journals are known, for example, from DE-C- 848728 wherein there is disclosed a crankshaft made up as a set of forgings connected to one another by welding.
Crankshaft bearing journals require a supply of lubricant to their bearing surfaces for which purpose it has been proposed in, for example, DE-B-2023364 to provide continuous lubricating channels extending through the crankshaft web portions and the bearing journals. However, it can be difficult and expensive to provide lubricant bore holes in the finished crankshaft.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved crankshaft having hollow bearing journals which provide a uniform and effective lubrication of the bearing surfaces.
In accordance with__the invention there is provided a crankshaft having adjacent web portions thereof interconnected by hollow bearing journals wherein each said journal comprises inner and outer concentric sleeve members parts of which are connected together at or adjacent their ends to provide an annular space between said members with the radially outer surface of said outer sleeve member providing a bearing surface to the journal, and lubricant supply channels in adjacent said web portions communicating with said annular space.
2 The supply of lubricant from the annular space to the actual bearing surface of the journal may be effected in known manner by the provision of radially extending bore holes in the outer sleeve member. However, it is preferred that the outer sleeve member comprises a bearing bush of a porous sintered metal material whereby a uniform passage of lubricant with axially uniform pressure is provided. In this preferred embodiment, such porous sintered metal material may contain a solid lubricant, for example, molybdenum disulphide, whereby the bearing journal may continue to function without damage even if there is a failure in the supply of lubricant to the annular space between the inner sleeve member and the bearing bush.
The said inner and outer sleeve members may be connected together at or adjacent their ends by hydraulic expansion of the inner member into the outer member, or by welding, or by soldering, or by an adhesive. it is preferred that a hydraulic expansion process is utilised although this can cause problems in the actual sealing of the annular space at the ends of the sleeve members. To overcome this problem it is preferred that, instead of the possible conventional use of sealing rings the ends of the inner and outer sleeve members provided a layer of sea_lant material which may metal such as copper which, as a result of its plasticity, will accommodate any local surface irregularities in the adjacent surfaces of the outer sleeve members which are to be connected between there is be a soft inner and together.
The radially outer surface of one of said sleeve members is secured at each end thereof within a cooperating bore in an adjacent said web portion and, preferably, said ends of said one sleeve member are 1 J r.
3 1.' 30 secured within said bores by hydraulic expansion and plastic deformation of said ends. A similar sealant layer e.g. of a soft metal such as copper may be provided between the respective sleeve member and the bores in the web portions of the crankshaft and, in order to avoid the risk of this sealant layer reducing the adhesion between the web portions and the respective sleeve member, the layer of sealant material may include a fine grained ceramic material to produce a "sand paper" effect to increase the adhesion between the parts. In this context, the term "ceramics" will be understood to encompass such fine grained material as diamond dust.
Other features of the invention will become apparent from the following description given herein solely by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section showing two web portions of a crankshaft and an interconnecting hollow bearing journal in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; and Figure 2 is a similar longitudinal axial section of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings there is shown part of a crankshaft in accordance with the invention comprising two adjacent web portions 10 of the crankshaft interconnected by a hollow bearing journal comprising an inner metal sleeve 12 and an outer bearing bush 14 concentric therewith. Each of said web portions 10 is provided with a through bore, each of which is alignable with the other to receive the outer ends of the inner sleeve member 12. The opposed inner ends of said bores 4 are counter-bored to receive the outer ends of the bearing bush 14 and additionally provided with a plurality of radially and axially extending recesses 16 for receiving correspondingly shaped ribs at the ends of the bearing bush.
The outer ends of the inner sleeve member 12 are conveniently secured within their respective bores by means of a hydraulic expansion process wherein said sleeve ends are plastically deformed and the material of the crankshaft web portions 10 surrounding the bores is elastically deformed during the expansion operation. As will be seen from Figure 1, the bearing bush 14 is provided adjacent each of its ends with an annular collar 18 to serve as a location stop against the adjacent surface of a web portion and to provide increased stiffness to the outer end of the bearing bush; particularly to prevent any deformation of the extreme outer ends 20 of the bearing bush wherein the wall thickness is less than that of the main body of the bush.
The reduced wall thickness ends 20 of the bearing bush 14, and its ribs, are conveniently a press fit within the cooperating counter-bores and recesses of the crankshaft web portions 10. The annular space 22 defined between the radially outer surface of the inner sleeve member 12 and the radially inner surface of the bearing bush 14 is sealed at its ends conveniently by a sealing layer 24 of a soft metal such as for example copper. The sealing layer 24 may be mixed.with finely distributed ceramic particles in order to improve the adhesion between the outer ends of the inner sleeve member and the inner surfaces of the bores.
The bearing bush 14 itself comprises a porous 3.
sintered metal which is conveniently formed to a higher density at its radially outer bearing surface than that of its remainder. Conveniently also the porous sintered material of the bearing bush 14 is provided with a solid lubricant, for example molybdenum disulphide, whereby the bush may continue to function without damage even if there is a failure in the supply of lubricant to the annular space 22 between the bearing bush and the inner sleeve member.
It will be appreciated that, to assemble the crankshaft of the invention, a bearing journal comprising an inner sleeve member 12 and an outer bearing bush 14 is located between two adjacent crankshaft web portions 10 and, at the same time, a connecting rod 26 may be located about the bearing bush. The inner sleeve member and the bearing bush are then secured within the web portion bores by the means previously described. Each web portion 10 is provided with a lubricant supply channel 28 therein which communicates with the annular space 22 between the inner sleeve member and the bearing bush; lubricant being supplied through said channels 28 by an oil pump (not shown) and whereby, due to the construction of the bearing bush 14, a uniform passage of lubricant with axially uniform pressure is provided to the bearing surface upon which thepig end of the connecting rod 26 is mounted.
r An alternative embodiment of crankshaft constructed in accordance with the invention is illustrated in Figure 2 wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts hereinbefore described. In this embodiment the bearing journal comprises metal inner and outer sleeve members 30 and 32 respectively defining an annular space 22 therebetween for the reception of lubricant from the 6 channels 28 in the crankshaft web portions 10 interconnected by the bearing journal. The outer ends of the inner sleeve member 30 are hydraulically expanded into the outer ends of the outer sleeve member 32 which are themselves hydraulically expanded into the respective bores of the adjacent crankshaft web portions 10. As illustrated, each web portion is provided with an axially outwardly directed lip 34 at the outer end of each bore whereby, during the hydraulic expansion process, each outer end of -1i.-he outer sleeve member 32 may slightly deform a said lip 34 to provide a positive retention against axial displacement of the web portions relative to another and to the journal.
c In this embodiment, lubricant from the channels 28 in the web portions 10 is supplied through ports 36 extending through the wall of the outer sleeve member 32 into the annular space 22 and through a further port 38 in the central portion of the outer sleeve member 32 to supply lubricant to its radially outer surface comprising the actual bearing surface of the journal.
T -21.
7
Claims (10)
1. A crankshaft having adjacent web portions thereof interconnected by hollow bearing journals wherein each said journal comprises inner and outer concentric sleeve members parts of which are connected together at or adjacent their ends to provide an annular space between said members with the radially outer surface of said outer sleeve member providing a bearing surface to the journal, and lubricant supply channels in adjacent said web portions communicating with said annular space.
2. A crankshaft as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said outer sleeve member comprises a bearing bush of a porous sintered metal material.
3. A crankshaft as claimed in Claim 2 wherein said porous sintered metal material contains a solid is lubricant.
4. A crankshaft as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein a layer of sealant material is provided between those said parts of the inner and outer sleeve members which are connected together.
5. A crankshaft as claimed in Claim 4 wherein said layer of sealant material comprises a soft metal.
6. A crankshaft as claimed in either one of Claims 4 or 5 wherein said layer of sealant material includes a fine grained ceramic material.
1
7. A crankshaft as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the radially outer surface of one of said 8 sleeve members is secured at each end thereof within a cooperating bore in an adjacent said web portion.
8. A crankshaft as claimed in Claim 7 wherein said ends of said one sleeve member are secured within said bores by hydraulic expansion and plastic deformation of said ends.
9. A crankshaft as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said inner and outer sleeve members are connected together at or adjacent their ends by hydraulic expansion of the inner member within the outer member, or by welding, or by soldering, or by an adhesive.
10. A crankshaft constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to either one of Figures 1 or 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Published 1989 atThe PatentOfEice, State House, 66'71 High Holborn. London WClR4TP.Further copies mkybe obtained from ThePatentoffice Sales Branch. St Mary Cray, Orpington, Kent BR5 3RD. Printed by Multiplex techniques ltd. St, Mary Cray, Kent. Con, 1187
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873737599 DE3737599A1 (en) | 1987-11-05 | 1987-11-05 | CRANKSHAFT WITH IMPROVED LUBRICATION OF THE BEARING PIN |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8825874D0 GB8825874D0 (en) | 1988-12-07 |
| GB2211914A true GB2211914A (en) | 1989-07-12 |
| GB2211914B GB2211914B (en) | 1991-06-05 |
Family
ID=6339864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8825874A Expired - Lifetime GB2211914B (en) | 1987-11-05 | 1988-11-04 | Crankshaft bearing journal |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3737599A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2014539A6 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2622941B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2211914B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1226975B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3837292A1 (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-10 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | CRANKSHAFT WITH HOLLOW PINS |
| DE3837294A1 (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-10 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | ASSEMBLED CRANKSHAFT |
| DE10258759A1 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-06-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Crankshaft for a piston lifting machine |
| DE102005056183A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-31 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Assembled crankshaft for internal combustion engine has cheek plates with annular groove and apertures for shells inside main and conrod bearing journals |
| DE102007056203A1 (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2008-11-20 | Audi Ag | Crankshaft lubricating device for internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, has lubricating oil chamber located in relief passage of shaft extension and communicating with crankshaft bearing and connecting rod bearing |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1393399A (en) * | 1972-06-01 | 1975-05-07 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Crank assembly |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE583156C (en) * | 1932-12-06 | 1933-08-29 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Crank pin lubrication and cooling for piston engines |
| US1994729A (en) * | 1933-04-26 | 1935-03-19 | Ricardo Harry Ralph | Crankshaft for internal combustion engines |
| GB486491A (en) * | 1937-09-02 | 1938-06-03 | Armstrong Siddeley Motors Ltd | Built-up crankshafts for internal-combustion engines |
| DE711938C (en) * | 1937-10-17 | 1941-10-09 | Albert Hirth A G | Composite crankshaft for internal combustion engines |
| DE701533C (en) * | 1938-07-14 | 1941-01-18 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Device for sealing cavities in shafts |
| FR911890A (en) * | 1945-01-13 | 1946-07-23 | Alvis Ltd Soc | Multi-piece crankshaft |
| DE848728C (en) * | 1949-02-06 | 1952-09-08 | E H Carl F W Borgward Dr Ing | Multi-part, hollow crankshaft with forged crank webs |
| DE966156C (en) * | 1950-02-06 | 1957-07-11 | Glacier Co Ltd | Process for the production of plain bearings |
| FR1048907A (en) * | 1951-11-13 | 1953-12-24 | Isthmian Metals | Heterogeneous part assembled by copper soldering |
| DE1008527B (en) * | 1955-01-24 | 1957-05-16 | Mak Maschinenbau Kiel Ag | Device for lubricating the crank pin and piston pin bearings as well as for the coolant supply of cooled pistons of internal combustion engines |
| DE1032974B (en) * | 1955-12-15 | 1958-06-26 | Mak Maschinenbau Kiel Ag | Device for lubricating the crank pin and piston pin bearings as well as for the coolant supply of cooled pistons of internal combustion engines |
| DE2712126A1 (en) * | 1977-03-19 | 1978-09-21 | Langlet Geb Boeckheler Sofie S | Plain bearing with pressure lubrication - has porous pocket in one surface through which gas or liquid is forced |
| US4125937A (en) * | 1977-06-28 | 1978-11-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Apparatus for hydraulically expanding a tube |
| GB2187817B (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1989-11-15 | Austin Rover Group | Crankshafts |
| DE3737601A1 (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1989-05-18 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Method for the production of built-up crankshafts by expansion of the pins |
-
1987
- 1987-11-05 DE DE19873737599 patent/DE3737599A1/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-10-31 IT IT8805231A patent/IT1226975B/en active
- 1988-11-03 ES ES8803348A patent/ES2014539A6/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-04 FR FR8814465A patent/FR2622941B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-04 GB GB8825874A patent/GB2211914B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1393399A (en) * | 1972-06-01 | 1975-05-07 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Crank assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2014539A6 (en) | 1990-07-16 |
| FR2622941A1 (en) | 1989-05-12 |
| DE3737599C2 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| DE3737599A1 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
| GB8825874D0 (en) | 1988-12-07 |
| FR2622941B1 (en) | 1995-03-03 |
| IT8805231A0 (en) | 1988-10-31 |
| IT1226975B (en) | 1991-03-01 |
| GB2211914B (en) | 1991-06-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |