GB2198760A - Metal framed building - Google Patents

Metal framed building Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2198760A
GB2198760A GB08630162A GB8630162A GB2198760A GB 2198760 A GB2198760 A GB 2198760A GB 08630162 A GB08630162 A GB 08630162A GB 8630162 A GB8630162 A GB 8630162A GB 2198760 A GB2198760 A GB 2198760A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
stud
cleat
studs
building
secured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08630162A
Other versions
GB2198760B (en
GB8630162D0 (en
Inventor
Stephen Robert Tilsley
Ian Plantagenet Maccarthy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Metsec PLC
Original Assignee
Voestalpine Metsec PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine Metsec PLC filed Critical Voestalpine Metsec PLC
Priority to GB8630162A priority Critical patent/GB2198760B/en
Publication of GB8630162D0 publication Critical patent/GB8630162D0/en
Publication of GB2198760A publication Critical patent/GB2198760A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2198760B publication Critical patent/GB2198760B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2445—Load-supporting elements with reinforcement at the connection point other than the connector
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E04C2003/0417—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts demountable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/046—L- or T-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

A metal framed building wherein each vertical, channel-section, metal stud 11 which is to carry a cleat for engagement by the end of a floor supporting beam, is provided, within its channel-section with a channel-section stiffening element 15, the stiffening element 15 of each stud 11 being a close fit within its respective stud 11, and being secured thereto both by spot welding 16 of the element 15 to the stud, and by the fastening screws or bolts which secure the cleat 12 to the stud 11. The invention also resides in a stiffened stud for use in such a building. <IMAGE>

Description

METAL FRAMED BUILDING This invention relates to a metal framed building.
In an conventional metal framed building the vertical, load bearing walls of the building are constructed from metal frame units each of which consists of a plurality of metal members of channel-shaped cross-section welded and/or bolted together to form a rectangular frame. The members of each frame are arranged with their channels facing inwardly, the vertical members being known as studs, and if desired an additional vertical stud can be incorporated intermediate the ends of the horizontal members to assist the two vertical studs at the opposite ends of the horizontal studs in providing the necessary vertical load bearing capacity.Individual frame units are positioned side by side and secured together by bolts, or screws to achieve the desired wall length, and frame units can be positioned on top of one another and secured together by bolts or screws to achieve the desired wall height.
Where floor slabs of a multi-storey building are to be produced, or a roof is to be constructed then floor slab supporting beams or roof supporting beams are provided. The beams extend parallel to one another and are supported at their ends by opposite vertical walls of the building. Although the frame unit constituting the vertical walls of the building will be provided with external and internal cladding the vertical load bearing capacity is derived almost exclusively from the vertical studs of the frames, and thus the floor or roof supporting beams must be supported at their ends by the vertical studs of the frame units. It has been proposed that in order to provide a support and anchorage point for the end of a floor or roof supporting beam a cleat shall be bolted to a pair of adjacent vertical studs, at an appropriate vertical location.The cleat is a rigid metal member of inverted L-shaped cross-section having its vertical flange bolted to the vertically extending studs and its horizontal flange extending outwardly from the studs so as to provide a seating upon which an end of a floor or roof supporting beam can rest. The horizontal flange is bolted to the end of the beam.
Although the frame units of the vertical walls are designed to be well able to support the weight of the beams and the floor slab carried by the beams, it is found that in some instances local deformation of the vertical studs may occur in the region of the cleats, and it is an object of the present invention to minimise this difficulty.
In a metal framed building in accordance with the present invention each vertical, channel-section, metal stud which is to carry a cleat for engagement by the end of a floor supporting beam, is provided, within its channel-section with a channel-section stiffening element, the stiffening element of each stud being a close fit within its respective stud, and being secured thereto both by spot welding of the element to the stud, and by the fastening screws or bolts which secure the cleat to the stud.
Preferably where a cleat is secured to a pair of adjacent vertical studs then each stud includes a stiffening element adjacent the cleat, and the stiffening elements are additionaly secured in position by a screw or bolt securing the two studs to one another.
One example of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein; Figure 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a stud, Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view illustrating a cleat secured to a pair of adjacent studs and Figure 3 is a view in the direction of arrow A in Figure 2 but to a reduced scale.
Referring to the drawings, each vertical wall of a metal framed building. is constructed from a plurality of metal frame units each of which is a rectangular frame consisting basically of a pair of vertically extending studs of channel-shaped cross-section and a pair of horizontally extending members of the same channel-shape cross-section. The studs and horizontal members are secured together by welding and/or screw fastening devices to form a rectangular frame of predetermined dimensions each stud and member having its open face presented inwardly. Some frames may incorporate a third vertically extending stud parallel to and intermediate the other vertically extending members so as to provide support for the horizontally extending studs intermediate their ends. Conveniently the studs and members are formed by cold rolling or press braking of steel strip or sheet.
Within the building, a first floor, or in a single storey building a roof construction, may be supported by horizontally extending beams. Although the frame units constituting the vertical walls of the building may be clad internally and externally with suitable cladding panels substantially the whole of the vertical load bearing capacity of the walls is derived from the vertically extending studs, and thus the floor or roof supporting beams must in turn be carried by the vertically extending studs. In order to provide a support and anchorage point for the beams the vertically extending studs 11 are provided at appropriate vertical locations with cleats 12. Each cleat 12 is a rigid member of inverted L-shape cross-section the vertically extending flange of which is bolted to the studs 11.
It will be recognised that where a pair of frames abut then their vertical studs 11 will abut back-to-back as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Adjacent the point where the cleat 12 is to be provided the studs 11 will be secured together by a bolt 13 passing through the "backs" of the studs and bolts 14 will be used to secure the cleat 12 to the inwardly presented flanges of the studs.
In order to minimise the risk of local deformation of the studs 11 in the region of each cleat 12 each stud is provided with a stiffening element 15.
Each stiffening element 15 is of channel-shape cross-section and is formed from mild steel sheet by a cold rolling operation in exactly the same manner as the studs 11. The external width of each stiffener 15 is equal to the internal width of the stud 11 with which it is to be associated, so that the stiffener 15 can fit tightly within the stud. Each stiffener 15 is secured in position within its respective stud by spot welding and desirably the two parallel flanges of each stiffener 15 are spot-welded adjacent each of their four corners (as shown at 16 in Figure 1) to the respective studs 11.Holes for receiving the bolts 13 and 14 are provided in the stiffeners 15 to correspond with the position of the corresponding holes in the studs 11, although it will be appreciated that if desired these holes can be formed simultaneously in the studs and their respective stiffeners after the stiffener has been secured in position within the channel-section of the respective stud. Although only a single bolt 13 is utilized, where the holes are preformed then additional holes will be provided as shown in Figure 1 so that alternative bolting configurations are accommodated.
It will be recognised therefore that in the finished construction the stiffeners 15 and their respective studs 11 are secured together both by spot welding, and by the bolts 13 and 14, the bolts 13 additionally securing the two studs 11 to another, and the bolts 14 securing the cleat 12 to the studs 11.
In use a floor, or roof supporting beam will have an end region supported on the horizontally extending flange of the cleat 12, and desirably the beam will be bolted to the cleat 12, the horizontally extending flange of the cleat having apertures 12a for receiving such bolts.

Claims (6)

CLAIMS.
1. A metal framed building wherein each vertical, channel-section, metal stud which is to carry a cleat for engagement by the end of a floor supporting beam, is provided, within its channel-section with a channelsection stiffening element, the stiffening element of each stud being a close fit within its respective stud, and being secured thereto both by spot welding of the element to the stud, and by the fastening screws or bolts which secure the cleat to the stud.
2. A building as claimed in claim 1 in which where a cleat is secured to a pair of adjacent vertical studs then each stud includes a stiffening element adjacent the cleat, and the stiffening elements are additionally secured in position by a screw or bolt securing the two studs to one another.
3. A metal framed building substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
4. A stud for use in a building as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 3 wherein within the channelsection of the stud there is provided a channelsection stiffening element, the element being a close fit in the stud and being secured thereto by spot welding and, in use, by screws or bolts securing a cleat to the stud.
5. A stud as claimed in claim 4 wherein the stud and the stiffening element have corresponding apertures therein for the reception of screws or bolts in use.
6. A stud substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB8630162A 1986-12-17 1986-12-17 Metal framed building Expired - Lifetime GB2198760B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8630162A GB2198760B (en) 1986-12-17 1986-12-17 Metal framed building

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8630162A GB2198760B (en) 1986-12-17 1986-12-17 Metal framed building

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8630162D0 GB8630162D0 (en) 1987-01-28
GB2198760A true GB2198760A (en) 1988-06-22
GB2198760B GB2198760B (en) 1991-01-02

Family

ID=10609162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8630162A Expired - Lifetime GB2198760B (en) 1986-12-17 1986-12-17 Metal framed building

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2198760B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008128275A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-30 Csr Building Products Limited Permanent formwork system
CN103161247A (en) * 2013-02-17 2013-06-19 谢英俊 Fixing method and fixing mechanism used for middle beam and column of lightweight steel roof truss

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1006324A (en) * 1961-09-29 1965-09-29 Trusteel Corp Universal Ltd Frame structures
GB1360280A (en) * 1970-08-10 1974-07-17 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Frame structures
GB1486857A (en) * 1974-02-25 1977-09-28 Rondo Building Serv Pty Ltd Support for nogging strips in wall frames
GB2131849A (en) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-27 Kajima Corp Structural framework

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1006324A (en) * 1961-09-29 1965-09-29 Trusteel Corp Universal Ltd Frame structures
GB1360280A (en) * 1970-08-10 1974-07-17 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Frame structures
GB1486857A (en) * 1974-02-25 1977-09-28 Rondo Building Serv Pty Ltd Support for nogging strips in wall frames
GB2131849A (en) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-27 Kajima Corp Structural framework

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008128275A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-30 Csr Building Products Limited Permanent formwork system
CN103161247A (en) * 2013-02-17 2013-06-19 谢英俊 Fixing method and fixing mechanism used for middle beam and column of lightweight steel roof truss
CN103161247B (en) * 2013-02-17 2015-11-18 谢英俊 For fixing means and the fixed mechanism of beam and column in light steel roof truss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2198760B (en) 1991-01-02
GB8630162D0 (en) 1987-01-28

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Date Code Title Description
PE20 Patent expired after termination of 20 years

Effective date: 20061216