JP3847029B2 - Box-type building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a box-type building formed by combining a plurality of room boxes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when building a building, in order to shorten the work period by reducing work on site and to achieve uniform construction, several box-shaped units are manufactured in a factory equipped with facilities in advance, and these units are installed on site. A unit construction method is used in which the building is completed in combination.
[0003]
The unit used in this unit construction method is generally a structure that can withstand horizontal force and vertical force independently of each other, that is, a ramen structure mainly composed of columns and beams. By joining in the vertical direction, the columns are connected to form a structural column, and the beams are connected to form a structural beam.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a building made by combining such units, structural beams and structural columns are created by joining the units, so when stacking units up and down, the columns of the upper and lower floor unit It is necessary to align the positions, and therefore, the arrangement of the units is restricted, and the degree of freedom in design is limited.
[0005]
Units manufactured in factories and the like are usually transported to the site by trucks. However, the unit with heavy pillars and beams is integrated, and the height of the unit is increased. In the case, the total height was caught in the height restriction by the road traffic law. For this reason, there has been a problem that it must be transported by a special truck such as a low floor type.
[0006]
In view of the above, the present invention increases the degree of freedom of design by combining a plurality of room boxes and structural beams independent of these, and can also solve problems during transfer of the room box. The purpose is to provide buildings.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the box-type building of the present invention includes a plurality of room boxes that constitute a lower floor including a ceiling, a floor, and a wall body in a plane direction. A plurality of structural beams made of H-shaped steel are attached to the upper side, and a plurality of room boxes constituting the upper floor are arranged in parallel in the plane direction on the upper side of these structural beams, so that the room boxes on the lower floor and the upper floor are arranged. It is characterized by being performed independently of each other .
[0008]
Then, a hut set is installed above the room box on the top floor. In addition, the ceiling, floor, and wall of the room box have a structure composed of a frame-like frame made of lightweight steel and the like and a face material attached to the frame.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a box-type building according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a room box, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the same.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 1, the box-type building according to the present embodiment has a plurality of room boxes (2), (2), etc., which are installed on the foundation (1) and constitute the first floor portion of the building. A plurality of H-shaped structural beams (3), (3) ... installed above the room boxes (2), (2) on the first floor, and above the structural beams (3) (3) ... And a plurality of room boxes (2) (2), which constitute the second floor part of the building, and a hut assembly (4) installed above the room boxes (2), (2), ... on the second floor It is configured by stacking sequentially.
[0011]
The room box (2) is manufactured in advance in a well-equipped factory. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a ceiling panel (10) as a ceiling and a floor panel (11) as a floor are provided. The wall bodies (12), (13) and (14) passed between the ceiling panel (10) and the floor panel (11) are formed in a box shape.
[0012]
The ceiling panel (10) is composed of a ceiling frame (15) and a top board (16) made of particle board and interior surface material attached to the lower surface of the ceiling frame (15). It has a braceless structure that eliminates the horizontal brace by bearing the horizontal force. The ceiling panel (10) is not limited to the braceless structure, and a brace may be provided in the ceiling frame (15).
[0013]
The ceiling frame (15) has a pair of long cross members (17), (17) made of channel steel having a C-shaped cross section and a pair of short cross members (18), (18) (18) also made of channel steel having a C-shaped cross section. ) Are joined in a rectangular frame shape such that the groove portions are inward of each other, and a plurality of C-shaped cross-section steel is formed between the elongated cross members (17) and (17). The horizontal rails (19), (19), ... are handed over at appropriate intervals.
[0014]
At the upper four corners of the ceiling frame (15), substantially triangular connection plates (22), (22), which connect the long cross member (17) and the short cross member (18) are attached by welding. . Further, the frame of the ceiling frame (15) is filled with heat insulating materials (20), (20). A pair of L-shaped fixing plates (21) and (21) are attached to the side surfaces of one long cross member (17) and both short cross members (18) and (18) in the ceiling frame (15), respectively. It has been.
[0015]
Further, a total of three L-shaped temporary plates (26), (26),... Are installed on the lower surface of the other long horizontal member (17) at the center position and a position substantially in the middle between the center and both ends. 27) (27) ... is removably attached by means of a pair of eyebolts (4) for hooking four crane wires (28) (28) ... on the upper surfaces of both long cross members (17), (17). 29) and (29) are detachably screwed together. The four crane wires (28), (28), which are hooked on the eye bolts (29), (29), are bundled together and pulled up.
[0016]
The floor panel (11) includes a floor frame (30) and a floor board (31) made of particle boards attached to the upper surface of the floor frame (30). The floor frame (30) has a pair of long cross members (32) and (32) made of channel steel with a U-shaped cross section, and a pair of short cross members (33) also made of channel steel with a U-shaped cross section. (33) are joined to each other in a rectangular frame shape such that the grooves are inward of each other, and a plurality of U-shaped cross-section grooves are formed between the elongated cross members (32) and (32). The steel crosspieces (34), (34), etc. are passed at appropriate intervals.
[0017]
The substantially triangular connection plates (38), (38), which connect the long cross member (32) and the short cross member (33) are attached to the four corners of the lower surface of the floor frame (30) by welding. . A pair of L-shaped fixing plates (35), (35),... Are attached to one long cross member (32) and both short cross members (33), (33) in the floor frame (30). ing. Further, on the upper surface of the other long horizontal member (32), there are a total of three L-shaped temporary plates (36), (36) at the center position and both end positions by bolts (37) (37). Removably attached.
[0018]
The wall body (12) constitutes the outer wall of the building. The shaft frame (40), the outer wall material (41) attached to the outer surface side of the shaft frame (40), and the shaft frame (40) It consists of an inner wall material (44) attached to the inner surface side via a heat insulating inner wall frame (43). The shaft frame (40) includes a pair of upper and lower transverse members (45) (45) made of C-shaped cross-section steel and a pair of left and right vertical members (46) (46) made of C-shaped cross-section steel. And a rectangular frame having pin holes (48) on the upper and lower ends of the longitudinal members (46, 46). The joining plates (49), (49), ... are welded respectively.
[0019]
In this shaft frame (40), the upper cross member (45) is fixed to the fixing plate (21) (21) of the short cross member (18) in the ceiling frame (15), and the lower cross member (45) Is fixed to the fixing plate (35) (35) of the short cross member (33) in the floor frame (30), so that the wall body (12) is placed in the short direction of the ceiling panel (10) and the floor panel (11). Between one end along the line.
[0020]
Further, as the outer wall material (41), a material having the same width as the shaft frame (40) and a low height is used, and by attaching the outer wall material (41) to the shaft frame (40), the outer wall material (41 ) Is located below the upper end level of the shaft frame (40) and the lower end level is located above the lower end level of the shaft frame (40) so that the upper end side of the outer wall member (41) On the end side, horizontally long working openings (47), (47) are respectively formed. As a result, the upper and lower ends of the shaft frame (40) are exposed to the outside, and the base plates (49), (49), ... of the longitudinal members (46), (46) through the work openings (47), (47) ( The work of bolting to 1) or the structural beam (3) can be performed from the outside.
[0021]
The wall body (13) constitutes a partition wall of a building, and this wall body (13) is composed only of a rectangular frame-shaped shaft frame (50). An inner wall material (44) is appropriately attached to the inner surface side.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 4, the shaft frame (50) includes cross members (51) and (51) made of channel steel having a C-shaped cross section and vertical members (52) and (52) made of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section. Are joined in a square frame shape. The cross members (51) and (51) are arranged so that the groove portions thereof are inward, and the vertical members (52) and (52) are arranged so that the groove portions thereof are outward of each other. Then, joining plates (54) and (54) in which back nuts (53) are integrated are welded to the upper end surfaces of the vertical members (52) and (52), respectively, and joining bolt holes (48) are attached to the lower end surfaces. ) Having rectangular joint plates (49) and (49), respectively, are welded. In addition, the longitudinal members (52) and (52) are respectively formed with bolt joint openings (56) and (56) formed by cutting out the lower end portions of both flanges (55) and (55) into a substantially U-shape. Has been.
[0023]
The shaft frame (50) is fixed to the upper and lower fixing plates (21), (21), (35), and (35) to which the cross members (51) and (51) correspond, and faces the wall body (12). The ceiling panel (10) and the floor panel (11) are arranged across the other end portions along the short direction.
[0024]
The wall body (14) constitutes the outer wall of the building in the same manner as the wall body (12), and the shaft frames (57) (58) (59) arranged side by side and these shaft frames (57) (58) ) (59) The outer wall material (41) attached to the outer surface side, and the inner wall material (44) attached to the inner surface side of the shaft frame (57) (58) (59) via the heat insulating inner wall frame (43) It consists of. These shaft frames (57), (58), and (59), like the shaft frame (40) of the wall body (12), are formed by pinning cross members and vertical members made of grooved steel with a U-shaped cross section into a rectangular frame shape. Although joined, braces (66) and (66) are inserted into the frame of one of the shaft frames (57), and the shaft frame (57) portion constitutes a bearing wall. The shaft frames (57), (58), and (59) are laterally bound to each other by bolts (not shown).
[0025]
The wall body (14) has upper and lower ends of the shaft frames (58) and (59), one of the long horizontal members (17) of the ceiling frame (15) and one of the long frames of the floor frame (30). .. Are fixed to the fixing plates (21), (21),... Of the cross member (32), and are arranged across one end portions along the longitudinal direction of the ceiling panel (10) and the floor panel (11).
[0026]
Therefore, the room box (2) configured as described above has a structure in which U-shaped wall bodies (12) (13) (14) are arranged between the ceiling panel (10) and the floor panel (11). The surface between the other end portions along the longitudinal direction of the ceiling panel (10) and the floor panel (11) is open. In the case of such a structure, it cannot withstand horizontal force and vertical force independently structurally as a single unit, and when transferring from the factory to the site, the eyebolts (29), (29) of the room box (2)… If the room box (2) is lifted by hooking the crane wires (28), (28).
[0027]
Therefore, a reinforcing member (61) for preventing deformation of the room box (2) is attached to the open surface (60) side of the room box (2). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, this reinforcing member (61) is a C-shaped cross-section steel provided in a C shape along the direction of action of the crane wires (28) and (28) when lifted. A pair of wands (62) and (62), and a temporary column (63) made of channel steel having a C-shaped cross section provided at a substantially central position between the wands (62) and (62). ing. The upper ends of these canes (62) and (62) and the temporary pillar (63) are removably joined to the temporary plates (26) and (26) of the ceiling frame (15) with bolts (64) and (64). Also, the lower end is removably joined to the temporary plates (36), (36),... Of the floor frame (30) with bolts (65), (65),.
[0028]
The room box (2) is just one of a plurality of types, and various other types are available. For example, the wall (12) has no outer wall material (41). There are a type in which a partition wall is used, a type in which the wall (14) in the longitudinal direction is not provided, and the part is an open surface. Also. Depending on the place where the room box (2) is applied, various interiors such as a system kitchen for the kitchen part and a wash basin or unit bath for the wash part are provided. .
[0029]
However, each type has a structure in which at least a pair of axial frames facing each other are provided between the ceiling frame (15) and the floor frame (30) so that the shape and strength as a box can be secured at a minimum. Are common.
[0030]
Next, a construction method for a box-type building will be described. First, various room boxes (2), (2), etc. manufactured at the factory are sequentially lifted by crane wires (28), (28), loaded onto a truck (70), and transported to the site. As shown in FIG. 6, in the road method, the total height when trucks are loaded is limited to 3800 mm or less. However, the room box (2) is separated from the heavy structural beam (3). Therefore, the total height when the room box (2) is loaded on the loading platform of the truck (70) with a height of about 1000mm is about approx. It becomes 3700 mm, can clear the restriction of road traffic law, and can be transported sufficiently with a normal 4t truck without using a special truck.
[0031]
Then, the room blocks (2), (2)... Transported to the site are lifted again by the crane wires (28), (28), and lowered from the truck (70) as shown in FIG. ) Will be installed sequentially. Then, the wands (62), (62) and the temporary pillars (63) are removed from the room blocks (2), (2), and as shown in FIG. After the first floor part is installed side by side, structural beams (3), (3), etc. are installed above the room boxes (2), (2), and the beam layer is installed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, room boxes (2), (2),...
[0032]
Finally, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a roof set (4) is installed on the upper side of the room boxes (2), (2). By arranging the room boxes (2), (2), etc. side by side, the work openings (47), (47), which are connected horizontally at the center and lower end of the outer wall of the building, are used as outer wall panels (82 ) To fix the appearance.
[0033]
In the above construction, the room box (2) on the first floor and the foundation (1) are joined as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the anchor bolt (85) protruding from the foundation (1) is inserted into the joining bolt hole (48) of the lower joining plate (49) of the shaft frame (40) on the outer wall side. Thus, the nut (86) inserted from the outside through the work opening (47) is screwed into the anchor bolt (85) and tightened. Regarding this joining, not only the joining plate (49) of the shaft frame (40) but also the connecting plate (38) of the floor frame (30) may be bolted to the foundation (1). The other shaft frames (57), (58) and (59) on the outer wall side are also joined to the foundation (1) in the same manner as described above. Further, the longitudinal members (46) and (46) of the adjacent shaft frames (40) and (40) are laterally bound by a joining bolt (87) and a nut (88).
[0034]
On the inner side, that is, on the partition wall side, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the anchor bolt (85) is inserted into the joining bolt hole (48) of the lower joining plate (49) in the shaft frame (50). Then, the nut (89) inserted into the groove of the vertical member (52) is screwed and tightened. At this time, as shown in the figure, the vertical members (52), (52), etc. in the shaft frames (50), (50) of the adjacent room boxes (2), (2), ... are concentrated, and these vertical members (52) Even if the grooves of (52) ... are joined together, the jig (150) for tightening the nut can be inserted through the openings (56), (56) ... of the longitudinal members (52), (52) ... Will not be disturbed. Regarding this joining, not only the joining plate (49) of the shaft frame (50) but also the connecting plate (38) of the floor frame (30) may be bolted to the foundation (1).
[0035]
The room box (2) and the structural beam (3) are joined as follows. First, on the outer wall side, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, a beam through bolt (92) interposed between the upper and lower flanges (90) and (91) of the structural beam (3) is used. That is, for the room box (2) on the first floor, the lower end (94) passing through the lower flange (91) of the beam through bolt (92) is connected to the upper side of the shaft frame (40) on the outer wall side. The nut (95) inserted into the bolt hole (48) of the plate (49) and inserted from the outside through the work opening (47) is screwed into the lower end (94) and tightened. . For the room box (2) on the second floor, the upper end (93) that penetrates the upper flange (90) of the beam through bolt (92) is placed on the lower side of the shaft frame (40) on the outer wall side. Insert the nut (95) inserted into the bolt hole (48) of the joining plate (49) from the outside through the work opening (47) and screw it onto the upper end (93) to tighten it. Yes. The other shaft frames (57) (58) (59) on the outer wall side are also joined to the structural beam (3) in the same manner as described above.
[0036]
In the figure, reference numeral (96) denotes a beam reinforcing member interposed between the upper and lower flanges (90) and (91) of the structural beam (3). The upper horizontal plate (97) and the lower L-shaped plate ( 98) and a vertical plate (99). Further, (100) is a stopper piece screwed into the beam through bolt (92), and (107) is a nut tightening jig inserted from the outside into the work opening (47). With regard to this joining, the shaft frame (40) on the outer wall side and the structural beam (3) may be joined by a simple joining bolt without using the beam through bolt (92). In addition to the connecting plate (49) of the shaft frame (40), the connecting plates (22) and (38) of the ceiling frame (15) and floor frame (30) should be bolted to the structural beam (3). May be.
[0037]
On the other hand, on the inner side, that is, on the partition wall side, when the room box (2) on the first floor and the structural beam (3) are joined, as shown in FIG. 17, the lower flange (91) of the structural beam (3) is attached. The joining bolt (102) inserted from above into the formed bolt hole (101) is screwed into the back nut (53) of the upper joining plate (54) in the shaft frame (50) on the partition wall side and tightened. Yes. Furthermore, the joining bolt (104) inserted from below into the bolt hole (103) formed in the connecting plate (22) of the ceiling frame (15) is inserted into the bolt hole (105) of the lower flange (91), The nut (106) is screwed and tightened from above.
[0038]
In addition, when the room box (2) on the second floor and the structural beam (3) are joined, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, they are interposed between the upper and lower flanges (90) and (91) of the structural beam (3). Use reinforced through bolts (110) in the beam. The reinforcing through bolt (110) in the beam is screwed into the shaft (113) having bolt portions (111) and (112) formed at the upper and lower ends and the lower bolt portion (112) of the shaft (113). The upper bolt part (111) of the shaft (113) passes through the upper flange (90) of the structural beam (3), and the receiving nut is below the upper flange (90). (116) is screwed, and a joining bolt (117) penetrating the lower flange (91) is screwed to the lower end of the long nut (115).
[0039]
Then, insert the upper bolt part (111) of the reinforcing through-bolt (110) in the beam into the joining bolt hole (48) of the lower joining plate (49) in the shaft frame (50) on the partition wall side, and The nut (120) inserted into the groove of (52) is screwed and tightened. At this time, as in the case of joining to the foundation (1), as shown in the figure, adjacent room boxes (2), (2), etc. are adjacent, and their longitudinal members (52), (52), are concentrated. However, the nut tightening jig (150) can be inserted from the openings (56), (56) of the longitudinal members (52), (52), so that the bolt joining is not hindered. With regard to this joining, the partition frame side shaft frame (50) and the structural beam (3) may be joined by a simple joining bolt without using the reinforcing through bolt (110) in the beam. Further, not only the joining plate (49) of the shaft frame (50) but also the connecting plate (38) of the floor frame (30) may be bolted to the structural beam (3).
[0040]
The room box (2) on the second floor and the cabin set (4) are joined as follows. First, on the outer wall side, as shown in FIG. 21, the joining bolt (130) inserted from the outside through the work opening (47) is connected to the bolt hole of the upper joining plate (49) in the shaft frame (40). (48) is inserted into the bolt hole (133) formed in the lower flange (132) of the truss (131), and the nut (140) is screwed into the joining bolt (130) from above to be tightened. . Furthermore, the joining bolt (141) inserted from below into the bolt hole (103) formed in the connecting plate (22) of the ceiling frame (15) is inserted into the bolt hole (142) of the lower flange (132), The nut (143) is screwed and tightened from above.
[0041]
On the other hand, on the partition wall side, the lower flange (132) of the truss (131), the shaft frame (50) on the partition wall side, and the lower part are the same as when the room box (2) and the structural beam (3) are joined. The flange (132) and the ceiling frame (15) are bolted together.
[0042]
Next, the box division of the box type building will be described. 22 shows an arrangement example of room boxes (2) (2)... On the first floor, FIG. 23 shows an arrangement example of structural beams (3) (3). ), (2), and so on, respectively, but as described above, the first floor, second floor room boxes (2), (2), structural beams (3), (3), and hut (4 ) Are separated and independent from each other, as shown in the figure, the arrangement of the room boxes (2), (2)... And the degree of design freedom can be increased. In the figure, the bold lines indicate the boundary lines of the room boxes (2), (2), and the alternate long and short dash lines indicate the module reference lines.
[0043]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Of course, many correction changes can be added in said embodiment within the scope of the present invention.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the room box and the structural beam are constructed separately and independently, so that there is a limitation as in the case of using a ramen structure unit as in the prior art. Without receiving it, the room boxes on the upper floor and the lower floor can be arranged independently, and the degree of freedom of design can be increased.
[0045]
In addition, by separating the room box and the heavy structural beam, the total height when set on a truck can be set lower than the conventional unit while ensuring a sufficient effective ceiling height. The height can be kept within the limits of road traffic laws. For this reason, it can be transported by an ordinary 4t truck or the like without using a special truck.
[0046]
In addition, the ceiling, floor, and wall of the room box have a structure made of a frame made of lightweight steel and the like and a face material attached to the frame, so that the construction of the wall frame assembly that is generally performed is not much. Construction that does not change is possible, and no drastic changes in production facilities are required.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a box-type building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a room box.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a shaft frame portion on the partition wall side in the room box.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between a crane wire, a cane, and a temporary pillar.
FIG. 6 is a side view when a room box is loaded on a truck.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the construction of a room box on the first floor.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing construction of a structural beam.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the construction of a room box on the second floor.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the construction of a cabin set.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing construction of a roof, an outer wall panel, and the like.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the joining of the room box and the foundation on the outer wall side.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the joining of the room box and the foundation on the partition wall side.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a state when the jig is used.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing joining of a room box and a structural beam on the outer wall side.
FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional view of the same.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the connection between the room box on the first floor portion and the structural beam on the partition wall side.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the joining of the room box on the second floor portion and the structural beam on the partition wall side.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a state when the jig is used.
FIG. 20 is a vertical sectional view of the same.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the joining of the room box and the truss on the outer wall side.
FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement example of a room box on the first floor portion.
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of structural beams.
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement example of a room box on the second floor portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
(2) Room box
(3) Structural beam
(4) Hut group
(10) Ceiling
(11) Floor
(12) (13) (14) Wall body
(15) Ceiling frame
(16) Top plate
(30) Floor frame
(31) Flooring
(40) (50) (57) (58) (59) Axle frame
(41) Exterior wall material
(44) Interior wall material

Claims (3)

A plurality of room boxes constituting a lower floor provided with a ceiling, a floor, and a wall body are juxtaposed in a plane direction, and a plurality of structural beams made of H-shaped steel are attached to the upper side of these room boxes. A box-type building in which a plurality of room boxes constituting the upper floor are arranged in parallel in a plane direction on the upper side of the floor, and the room boxes on the lower floor and the upper floor are arranged independently of each other . . The box-type building according to claim 1 , wherein a roof set is installed above the room box on the top floor. The box-type building according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the ceiling, floor, and wall of the room box are structured by a frame-like frame made of lightweight steel and the like and a face member attached to the frame.

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