GB2188584A

GB2188584A - Apparatus for briquetting coal

Info

Publication number: GB2188584A
Application number: GB08706035A
Authority: GB
Inventors: James Cantfield Monroe
Original assignee: Zenata NV
Current assignee: Zenata NV
Priority date: 1986-03-13
Filing date: 1987-03-13
Publication date: 1987-10-07
Also published as: MY101061A; KR870008689A; GB8706035D0; FR2595619A1; JPS632600A; AU600933B2; AU7003287A; DE3708154A1

Abstract

A press having a chamber within which the material is to be compressed by the application of shear forces thereto, the chamber being enclosed by at least three wall members (31-35 Figure 1) at least two of which being movable to compress the material, wherein no two of the wall surfaces are perpendicular and each wall surface is inclined to its adjacent wall surfaces by an acute angle. Also disclosed is a press for briquetting coal which has a plurality of walls enclosing a chamber including two opposed end walls which apply an axial force to coal particles, and at least two walls (25 Figure 4) movable in a direction perpendicular to said axial force so as to subject the particles to shear forces and form briquettes (21). Also disclosed is a press for compacting particulates having opposed end walls, at least two wall members defining a chamber with said end walls, at least one of said two wall members being movable to subject the particulates to shear forces. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Compacting particles The present invention relates to the briquetting of coal without the use of a binder.

The present invention more particularly relates to the briquetting of coal using presses.

Presses have been proposed which employ actual and shear stresses in order to cause the coal particles to bind together to form a briquette. Howeverthese attempts have not been totally successful and require the application of considerable force and the use of high temperatures.

It is the object of the present invention to overcome or substantially ameliorate the above disadvantages.

There is disclosed herein a press to be employed in the compaction of a feed stock, said press providing a chamber within which the feed stock is to be located and compressed by the application of shear forcesthereto, said chamber being enclosed byat least three wall members providing surfaces bordering said chamber, at least two of said wall members being movable to compress the feed stock, and wherein no two of the wall surfaces are perpendicular and each wall surface is inclined to its adjacent wall surfaces by an acute angle.

There isfurtherdisclosed herein a press to be employed in the briquetting of coal, said press having a chamberto receive coal particles, and wherein said press has a plurality of walls enclosing said chamberwhich walls include two opposed end walls which apply an axial force to the particles, and at least two walls movable in a direction perpendicular to said axial force so as to subject said particles to shear forces.

A preferred form of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: Figure lisa schematic perspective view of a press to compress a feed stock by the application of shear forces thereto; Figure2 is a schematic sectioned side elevation of a prior art press; Figure 3 is a schematic parts exploded end view of a press embodying the present invention; and Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of the press of Figure 2 and a briquette manufactured thereby.

In Figure 1 there is schematically depicted a press 30 within which a feedstock, such as coal, is located to be compacted via the application of shearforces thereto. The press 30 has at least three wall members, but preferably five wall members as illustrated in Figure 1. The press 30 of Figure 1 has wall surfaces 31 to 35, which are generally planar in configuration. The wall surfaces 31 to 35 are arranged that no two wall surfaces 31 to 35 are perpendicular. More particularly each wall surface defines an acute angle with each of its adjacent surfaces. It isfurther preferred, where presses of three or more surfaces are involved, that no two surfaces are parallel.

In Figure 1,the angle ABC is not equal to the angle BAC, the angle DFE is not equal to DEF,the angle CZX is not equal to the angle DWX, the angle CAE is not equal to the angle CBF, while the angle DFB is not equal to the angle DEA. Still further, the length AB is not equal to the length EF and the length BF is not equal to the length AE.

The above discussed preferred embodiment of the present invention reduces as much as possible the opposing forces, and forces meeting at normal angles that produce spring back and slip plains at compaction.

In Figure 2 there is schematically depicted a press 10 to manufacture a briquette 11. The press 10 includes a hollow body 12 which siidably receives two pistons 13 movable axially towards each other in orderto apply forces to the material to form the briquette 11. The pistons 13 have inclined faces 14in ordertoapplyshearforcestothe material.

Turning now to Figures 3 and 4wherein a preferred form of the present invention is depicted.

In Figures 3 and 4there is schematically depicted a press 20 to manufacture a briquette 21. The press 20 provides four stationary segments 22 which are spaced longitudinally about the longitudinal axis 23.

The members 22 have radiallyinwardlyconverging sides 24 which guidably receive shear members 25 movable in a direction normal to the axis 23. Pistons would then close each end of the chamber provided by the member 22 and 25.

In operation of the abovedescribed press 20, the powdered coal would be placed in the press cavity and an axial force applied thereto. Thereafter the shear members 25 would be moved to apply polyvectorshearforcesto the powder material. Itis still further preferred that the material be subjeted to ultra or hypersonic vibration during compaction.

With the Figure 3 and 4 construction the parts 25 may alternatively have parallel sides to slide along corresponding sides of stationary parts 22.

With the press of the invention having a chamber enclosed by at least three wall members of which at leasttwo are movable not all members need have planar surfaces, indeed that would be impossible at least in the case where there are three members fully enclosing the chamber.

Embodiments with four members, all of which can have planar surfaces, are possible. Particularly convenient constructions have opposed normally stationary walls and other walls of which there are at least two and of which at least two are movable, between them. In aiternative aspects of the invention the opposed normally stationary walls are parallel and two or preferably three otherwalls, though at acute angles to each other, may be perpendicularto the end walls, which simplifies the construction.

With the press of the invention having opposed end walls to provide axial force there may be at least two wall members defining a chamber with said end walls, at least one of the two wall members being movable to subject particles to shearforces.The members may have curved surfaces or, if there are enough such members, planar surfaces, members may have more than one planar surface bounding the chamber. Preferably adjacent ones of said at least two wall members are inclined to each other at acute angles.

Claims

1. Apressto be employed inthecompaction ofa feed stock, said press providing a chamberwithin which the feed stock is to be located and compressed by the application of shear forces thereto, said chamber being enclosed by at least three wall members providing surfaces bordering said chamber, at least two of said wall members being movableto compress the feed stock, and wherein no two ofthewall surfaces are perpendicular and each wall surface is inclined to its adjacent wall surfaces by an acute angle.

2. Thepressofciaim 1 whereintheforces produced by said surfaces do not meet at right angles and are not opposing.

3. A press to be employed in the briquetting of coal, said press having a chamber to receive coal particles, and wherein said press has a plurality of walls enclosing said chamber which walls include two opposed end walls which apply an axial force to the particles, and at least two walls movable in a direction perpendicularto said axial force so as to subject said particles to shearforces.

4. The press of claim 3 wherein said chamber is generally cylindrical in configuration and is closed at each end by said end walls and is closed peripherally by a plurality of wall segments extending longitudinally of the said chamber.

5. The press of claim 4wherein said wall segments consist of a first set of wall segments which are generally stationary, and a second set of wall segments which are movable to decrease the volume of said chamber.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein each wall segment of said first set ofwall segments is separated by one of the second wall segments.

7. The apparatus of any one of claim 4 wherein said end walls have end faces which are inclined to the direction of said axial force.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said end faces are generally parallel and are inclined by approximately 45" to said axial force.

9. A press substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

10. A press for compacting particulates having opposed end walls, at least two wall members defining a chamberwith said end walls, at least one of said two wall members being movable to subject particulates to shearforces.

11. A press according to Claim 10 wherein the surfaces of adjacent ones of said at least two wall members are inclined to each other at acute angles.