GB2150945A - Treatment of reaction product gas & apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Treatment of reaction product gas & apparatus therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2150945A
GB2150945A GB08331531A GB8331531A GB2150945A GB 2150945 A GB2150945 A GB 2150945A GB 08331531 A GB08331531 A GB 08331531A GB 8331531 A GB8331531 A GB 8331531A GB 2150945 A GB2150945 A GB 2150945A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
secondary treatment
gases
product gases
ducting
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08331531A
Other versions
GB2150945B (en
GB8331531D0 (en
Inventor
Henry Thomas Wilson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foster Wheeler (London) Ltd
Original Assignee
Foster Wheeler (London) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foster Wheeler (London) Ltd filed Critical Foster Wheeler (London) Ltd
Priority to GB08331531A priority Critical patent/GB2150945B/en
Publication of GB8331531D0 publication Critical patent/GB8331531D0/en
Priority to FR8417927A priority patent/FR2712685B1/en
Publication of GB2150945A publication Critical patent/GB2150945A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2150945B publication Critical patent/GB2150945B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
    • C10K1/06—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials combined with spraying with water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/02—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Abstract

The flow of the product gases in output ducting from a primary reactor is modulated secondary treatment fluids are injected to chemically react with the modulated flow gases. To achieve this a modulating device (24) is fitted to the output ducting (4) from the primary reactor. Turbulence caused by the device ensures that the secondary treatment fluids chemically react with the product gases. The product gases may be generated in the thermal treatment of a carbonaceous feedstock. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Secondary treatment of reaction product gases The present invention relates to thermal treatments such as pyrolysis and gasification. Particularly it relates to the secondary treatment of the reaction products, namely the product gases, generated for example from a primary treatment of a carbonaceous feedstock such as biomass.
According to the present invention a device is fitted to the output ducting from the primary treatment reactor which modulates the flow of product gases such that it takes up secondary treatment fluids, such as steam, oxygen, air or combinations thereof injected thereinto. The device is normally made in a refractory material, and is typically in the form of a quarl through which the secondary treatment gases are injected via a series of narrow passageways formed therein, normally fed from a common source. Due to boundary layer effects, some turbulance is created at the ends of the passageways where the product and secondary treatment gases chemically react.
A preferred form of device for modulating the product gas flow takes the form of a venturi with injection passageways terminating in the downstream divergant wall thereof. The venturi may be formed from a body which incorporates a plenum chamber to which the passageways are connected, or from which they extend. For example, the chamber may be defined by an annular groove in the external surface of the body, which, when the device is installed in an output conduit from the primary reactor, is closed by the conduit wall.
In an installation incorporating the present invention, the product gases can be subjected to further processing after the secondary treatment. For example, a catalyst can be included in the ducting, a quench gas inlet can be provided, and provision for mixing the gases with gas recycled from elsewhere in the installation can be made.
The secondary treatment in the present invention is normally carried out at high temperatures, typically primary reactor output temperatures being of the order of 800 C, and high pressures can also be maintained. The device is therefore preferably mounted in a chamber lined with an insulating material. The operative walls of the device can emerge with those of the chamber to render the flow pattern of the gases relatively even.
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein: Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-section through a duct in the output from a primary reactor embodying the invention; and Figure 2 is a perspective view of the modulating device incorporated in the duct of Figure 1.
The gas flow in Figure 1 is shown from right to left along a duct 2, 4 lined with a refractory material 6. Product gases from a primary treatment reactor (not shown, such as a pyrolysis or gasification reactor delivered along pipe 2. An unit 4 is coupled thereto by a flange connection 8, which unit 4 defines a chamber 10 in which the gases are subjected to secondary treatment. On the downstream side of the chamber 10, the unit 4 is coupled to an outlet pipe 12 (unlined) by flange connection 14. The chamber 10 is thus contained in a separate component of the duct which can readily be added to an existing treatment installation. A lifting lug 16 is shown for facilitating movement of the unit 4.
The unit 4 comprises a steel cylinder 18 with a flange 20 at the inlet end, and a closure plate 22 at the outlet end. But for a modulating device 24, the cross-section of the chamber 10 is substantially constant along its length. Towards the inlet end the device 24 is fitted. The device 24 takes the form of a venturi tube having convergant (26) and divergant (28) internal wall portions. The tube is mounted in the refractory wall lining 6 wuch that the venturi walls 26, 28 substantially merge with the chamber wall. The device 24 is formed with gas injection needles 30 (bettwen shown in Figure 3) which extend from a plenum chamber 32, and discharge from the divergant (downstream) venturi wall portion 28.The plenum chamber 32 is closed by the chamber lining 6, and fed with secondary treatment gas under pressure through a supply probe 34 which extends through the cylinder wall 18 and the lining 6. As the gases from the primary reactor pass through the device 24 they are recirculated due to boundary layer effects and chemically react with the injected secondary treatment gas. At the outlet from the device 24 burners 36 may be provided to generate controlled partial combustion if desired, the extent of which combustion is determined by the gas flow rate, both of product gases and of secondary treatment gas.
Downstream of the modulating device 24 a gas sampling and pressure probe 38 is fitted. Thereafter further processing units may be installed; a recycle or quench gas inlet 40 and catalyst baskets 42 are shown by way of example. A temperature control and/or monitoring unit is also indicated at 44.
An installation adapted in accordance with the present invention is particularly useful in the secondary treatment of product gases from thermal treatment reactors to modify it or remove condensible organics. As a result a better quality of product gas can be generated.
CLAIMS:
1. A method of treating product gases in output ducting from a primary reactor comprising modulating their flow in the ducting, and injecting secondary treatment fluids to chemically react with the modulated flow or product gases.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the flow or product gases is modulated by a device fitted to the ducting through which device the secondary treatment fluids are injected.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the product gases are generated from a carbonaceous feedstock, and wherein the secondary treatment fluids comprise at least one of
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (14)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Secondary treatment of reaction product gases The present invention relates to thermal treatments such as pyrolysis and gasification. Particularly it relates to the secondary treatment of the reaction products, namely the product gases, generated for example from a primary treatment of a carbonaceous feedstock such as biomass. According to the present invention a device is fitted to the output ducting from the primary treatment reactor which modulates the flow of product gases such that it takes up secondary treatment fluids, such as steam, oxygen, air or combinations thereof injected thereinto. The device is normally made in a refractory material, and is typically in the form of a quarl through which the secondary treatment gases are injected via a series of narrow passageways formed therein, normally fed from a common source. Due to boundary layer effects, some turbulance is created at the ends of the passageways where the product and secondary treatment gases chemically react. A preferred form of device for modulating the product gas flow takes the form of a venturi with injection passageways terminating in the downstream divergant wall thereof. The venturi may be formed from a body which incorporates a plenum chamber to which the passageways are connected, or from which they extend. For example, the chamber may be defined by an annular groove in the external surface of the body, which, when the device is installed in an output conduit from the primary reactor, is closed by the conduit wall. In an installation incorporating the present invention, the product gases can be subjected to further processing after the secondary treatment. For example, a catalyst can be included in the ducting, a quench gas inlet can be provided, and provision for mixing the gases with gas recycled from elsewhere in the installation can be made. The secondary treatment in the present invention is normally carried out at high temperatures, typically primary reactor output temperatures being of the order of 800 C, and high pressures can also be maintained. The device is therefore preferably mounted in a chamber lined with an insulating material. The operative walls of the device can emerge with those of the chamber to render the flow pattern of the gases relatively even. The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein: Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-section through a duct in the output from a primary reactor embodying the invention; and Figure 2 is a perspective view of the modulating device incorporated in the duct of Figure 1. The gas flow in Figure 1 is shown from right to left along a duct 2, 4 lined with a refractory material 6. Product gases from a primary treatment reactor (not shown, such as a pyrolysis or gasification reactor delivered along pipe 2. An unit 4 is coupled thereto by a flange connection 8, which unit 4 defines a chamber 10 in which the gases are subjected to secondary treatment. On the downstream side of the chamber 10, the unit 4 is coupled to an outlet pipe 12 (unlined) by flange connection 14. The chamber 10 is thus contained in a separate component of the duct which can readily be added to an existing treatment installation. A lifting lug 16 is shown for facilitating movement of the unit 4. The unit 4 comprises a steel cylinder 18 with a flange 20 at the inlet end, and a closure plate 22 at the outlet end. But for a modulating device 24, the cross-section of the chamber 10 is substantially constant along its length. Towards the inlet end the device 24 is fitted. The device 24 takes the form of a venturi tube having convergant (26) and divergant (28) internal wall portions. The tube is mounted in the refractory wall lining 6 wuch that the venturi walls 26, 28 substantially merge with the chamber wall. The device 24 is formed with gas injection needles 30 (bettwen shown in Figure 3) which extend from a plenum chamber 32, and discharge from the divergant (downstream) venturi wall portion 28.The plenum chamber 32 is closed by the chamber lining 6, and fed with secondary treatment gas under pressure through a supply probe 34 which extends through the cylinder wall 18 and the lining 6. As the gases from the primary reactor pass through the device 24 they are recirculated due to boundary layer effects and chemically react with the injected secondary treatment gas. At the outlet from the device 24 burners 36 may be provided to generate controlled partial combustion if desired, the extent of which combustion is determined by the gas flow rate, both of product gases and of secondary treatment gas. Downstream of the modulating device 24 a gas sampling and pressure probe 38 is fitted. Thereafter further processing units may be installed; a recycle or quench gas inlet 40 and catalyst baskets 42 are shown by way of example. A temperature control and/or monitoring unit is also indicated at 44. An installation adapted in accordance with the present invention is particularly useful in the secondary treatment of product gases from thermal treatment reactors to modify it or remove condensible organics. As a result a better quality of product gas can be generated. CLAIMS:
1. A method of treating product gases in output ducting from a primary reactor comprising modulating their flow in the ducting, and injecting secondary treatment fluids to chemically react with the modulated flow or product gases.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the flow or product gases is modulated by a device fitted to the ducting through which device the secondary treatment fluids are injected.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the product gases are generated from a carbonaceous feedstock, and wherein the secondary treatment fluids comprise at least one of steam, oxygen and air.
4. A method according to any preceding Claim including a further processing stage at which the product gases are subjected to tertiary treatment.
5. A method according to any preceding Claim including the step of mixing the product gases after treatment with additional gases.
6. A method of treating product gases in output ducting from a primary reactor substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawing.
7. Apparatus for the secondary treatment of product gases from a primary reactor comprising output ducting for coupling to a side primary reactor, which ducting is fitted with a device for modulating the flow of product gases therethrough, and means for injecting secondary treatment fluids into the ducting for chemical reaction with the modulated flow or product gases therethrough.
8. Apparatus according to Claim 7 wherein the device is in the form of a quarl with a series of narrow passageways formed therein for the injection of secondary treatment fluids therethrough.
9. Apparatus according to Claim 8 wherein the quarl forms a venturi with the injection passageways debouching in the downstream divergant wall thereof.
10. Apparatus according to Claim 8 or Claim 9 wherein the quarl is formed with an annular groove defining a plenum from which the passageways extend, means being provided for feeding secondary treatment fluids to the plenum and thence to the passageways.
11. Apparatus according to any of Claims 7 to 10 including means for introducing additional treatment gases to the ducting downstream of the modulating device.
12. Apparatus according to any of Claims 7 to 11 wherein the ducting has a refractory lining, and wherein the modulating device is formed in a refractory material and mounted in a complementary recess in the lining wall.
13. Apparatus according to any of Claims 7 to 12 comprising a discrete length of ducting ready for installation in existing ductwork of a treatment installation.
14. Apparatus for the secondary treatment of product gases from a primary reactor substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB08331531A 1983-11-25 1983-11-25 Treatment of reaction product gas & apparatus therefor Expired GB2150945B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08331531A GB2150945B (en) 1983-11-25 1983-11-25 Treatment of reaction product gas & apparatus therefor
FR8417927A FR2712685B1 (en) 1983-11-25 1984-11-23 Guidance system for a vehicle such as a guided weapon.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08331531A GB2150945B (en) 1983-11-25 1983-11-25 Treatment of reaction product gas & apparatus therefor

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8331531D0 GB8331531D0 (en) 1984-01-04
GB2150945A true GB2150945A (en) 1985-07-10
GB2150945B GB2150945B (en) 1987-07-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08331531A Expired GB2150945B (en) 1983-11-25 1983-11-25 Treatment of reaction product gas & apparatus therefor

Country Status (2)

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FR (1) FR2712685B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2150945B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0864349A2 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-16 Thames Water Utilities Limited A process and apparatus for treating gas

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549021A (en) * 1941-05-01 1942-11-03 William Dieterichs Improvements relating to gas producers
GB1020014A (en) * 1958-03-06 1966-02-16 Gas Council Improvements in or relating to a method of treating gas
GB1535526A (en) * 1974-12-09 1978-12-13 Tii Corp Fluid treatment processes
GB1556238A (en) * 1975-11-14 1979-11-21 Takeda M Method of accelerating contact reactions in fluids and apparatus therefor
EP0022548A1 (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-01-21 General Electric Company Process and apparatus for off-gas recovery
GB1597150A (en) * 1976-12-03 1981-09-03 Sulzer Ag Method of producing a static mixer device

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4123019A (en) * 1976-11-10 1978-10-31 Martin Marietta Corporation Method and system for gravity compensation of guided missiles or projectiles
FR2474686B1 (en) * 1980-01-29 1986-04-04 Europ Propulsion SIMPLIFIED SELF-GUIDING SYSTEM FOR A SHELL OR ROCKET TYPE VEHICLE

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549021A (en) * 1941-05-01 1942-11-03 William Dieterichs Improvements relating to gas producers
GB1020014A (en) * 1958-03-06 1966-02-16 Gas Council Improvements in or relating to a method of treating gas
GB1535526A (en) * 1974-12-09 1978-12-13 Tii Corp Fluid treatment processes
GB1556238A (en) * 1975-11-14 1979-11-21 Takeda M Method of accelerating contact reactions in fluids and apparatus therefor
GB1597150A (en) * 1976-12-03 1981-09-03 Sulzer Ag Method of producing a static mixer device
EP0022548A1 (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-01-21 General Electric Company Process and apparatus for off-gas recovery

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0864349A2 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-16 Thames Water Utilities Limited A process and apparatus for treating gas
EP0864349A3 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-12-30 Thames Water Utilities Limited A process and apparatus for treating gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2712685B1 (en) 1997-05-16
FR2712685A1 (en) 1995-05-24
GB2150945B (en) 1987-07-15
GB8331531D0 (en) 1984-01-04

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee