GB2103484A - Fire extinguishing device - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2103484A GB2103484A GB08211796A GB8211796A GB2103484A GB 2103484 A GB2103484 A GB 2103484A GB 08211796 A GB08211796 A GB 08211796A GB 8211796 A GB8211796 A GB 8211796A GB 2103484 A GB2103484 A GB 2103484A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- capsules
- halogenated hydrocarbon
- gelatin
- extinguishing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229940052308 general anesthetics halogenated hydrocarbons Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromochloromethane Chemical compound ClCBr JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010025899 gelatin film Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QMSVNDSDEZTYAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-1-chloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Br QMSVNDSDEZTYAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0021—Microcapsules
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
A fire extinguishing device which comprises a plurality of gelatin capsules containing a non-combustible halogenated hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature, said plurality of capsules being sealed in an envelope of plastic sheet, aluminum foil, or aluminum foil/plastic sheet laminate, is disclosed.
Description
SPECIFICATION Fire-extinguishing device
This invention relates to a simple fireextinguishing device which contains a halogenated hydrocarbon and can be thrown onto burning objects.
There have been known fire-extinguishers comprising a fire-extinguishing agent packed in a permanent container, such as foam fire-extinguisher, pressurized dry chemical fire-extinguisher, etc. and so-called aerosol fire-extinguisher and the like.
Further, a simpler type, a so-called fire-extinguishing bomb, has been known for a long time, This fireextinguisher consists of a large glass ampoule containing a halogenated hydrocarbon, e.g., carbon tetrachloride. Rather recently, there has been proposed a special purpose fire extinguisher; which comprises a plurality of plastic containers of table tennis (pingpong) ball or tennis ball size which encapsulate halogenated hydrocarbon such a carbon tetrachloride.
Since the specific gravity of non-combustible halogenated hydrocarbon gas is greater than that of air, it stays around the burning object and blankets it shutting off air therefrom when it is thrown thereonto. Further, halogenated hydrocarbons act on free radicals involved in the chain reaction of combustion and diminish the activity thereof thus suppressing the combustion reaction. For this reason, haloge nated hydrocarbons are used as an extremely excel lent fire-extinguishing agent.
However, some halogenated hydrocarbons corrode metals and are not suitable for use in a permanent container type fire-extinguisher except when a low boiling halogenated hydrocarbon is used in an aerosol packaging.
The glass ampoule mentioned above is not always convenient, because it is easily broken, and if broken accidentally, it produces dangerous fragments of glass. If a halogenated hydrocarbon sealed in a plurality of small spherical plastic containers 1 to 2 cm in diameter is provided, it would be easily and evenly scattered on a burning object. However, such spherical containers are not easy to prepare and are relatively expensive. Further plastics are generally com bustibie and some of them generate toxic gases when heated.
I studied the possibility of using gelatin capsules used for packaging pharmaceuticals as containers for halogenated hydrocarbon. After many trials to encapsulate halogenated hydrocarbon therein. I succeeded and found that gelatin capsules containing a halogenated hydrocarbon can be used as a fire-extinguishing device and completed this invention.
According to this invention, there is provided a fire-extinguishing device comprising a plurality of gelatin capsules containing a non-combustible halogenated hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature, said capsules being sealed in an envelope of a plastic sheet, aluminum foil, or aluminum foil/plastic sheet laminate.
The gelatin used for the device of this invention is not administered to a human body. Therefore, it is all right if the bacteria content is higher than that of the gelatin which is used for pharmaceutical purposes. A gelatin having a jelly strength of about 160 (8loom strength) may be satisfactorily used.
The thickness of the wall of the gelatin capsules used for the fire-extinguishing device of this inven tion is 0.6 - 0.8 mm, that is, about the same as that of pharmaceutical capsules. However, the thickness is not critical but may be varied for the reason mentioned hereinafter.
The capacity of the capsules containing halogenated hydrocarbon of the fire-extinguishing device of this invention is generally not more than 5 ml, preferably not more than 3 ml. Capsulsewith a capacity larger than 5 ml are costly to manufacture and are more easily broken.
Non-combustible halogenated hydrocarbons which are liquid at room temperature include carbon tetrachloride, monobromo-monochloromethane, and dibromo-tetrafluroethane, ets. Carbon tetrach bride and monobromo-monochloroethane are preferred because the vapor pressure thereof at room pressure is lower. Also these halogenated hydrocarbon do not attack gelatin.
The gelatin for the capsules in this invention may be one in which the N-CHTN crosslinkings are formed between the amino groups by treating with formalin. The N-CH2-N crosslinking enhances the resistance of gelatin to halogenated hydrocarbons.
The capsules of this invention can be of any shape, spherical, ellipsoidal, cylindrical, ovoid, etc. Spherical capsules are most preferred because of ease in handling. Capacity of the capsule is from 0.30 ml to 5.00 ml. preferably from 0.3 ml to 3.00 ml.
The plastics used for the envelope in which the gelatin capsules are sealed may be polyethylene sheet, polypropylene sheet, polyvinyl chhloride sheet, polyester sheet and the iike. Most platic films cannot completely prevent a halogenated hydrocarbon from permeating therethrough, so aluminum foil or aluminum foiliplastic sheet laminate is preferred to prevent leakage of haolgenated hydrocarbon.
Asealed package of the invention contains about 500 to 3,000 gelatin capsules, each capsule having a capacity of 0.30 to 3.00 ml.
The primary function of the sealed package is to prevent deteriorations of gelatin and to keep a number of capsules together. Secondarily, however, it works to confine the halogenated hydrocarbon therein, should some of the capsules be accidentally broken during storage.
When a relatively big fire occurs, the sealed package of capsules is thrown onto the burning objects to extinguish the fire. When a relatively small fire occurs, for example, in a kitchen and it is found in its early stage, the sealed package is torn open and the capsules contained therein can be scattered onto the burning objects portion by portion. If the fire has spread to some extent, it is effective to scatter handfuls of the capsules over the fire. Thusthefire- extinguishing device of this invention can be used in a controiled amount depending on the scale of a fire.
Also it is possible to effectively apply halogenated hydrocarbon over a wide area. Although gelatin is
combustible, it dose not promote combustion
because the gelatin film contains about 10% of
water.
The gelatin capsules soften at a temperature of
about 500C or higher and tend to disintegrate at the seam line thereof. Consequently, the self
disintegrating temperature can be set by selecting thickness of the gelatin film and strength of the packaging bag or envelope, that is, material and thickness thereof. Thus the device of this invention can be used as an automatically working heet-sensitive fire-extinguishing device. That is to say, the fireextinguishing device of this invention, which has been prepared so as to disintegrate at a predetermined temperature, can be placed on the ceiling over a gas range, a heater or the like. When the predetermined temperature is reached, the device will disintegrate to liberate the heavy vapor of the haiogenated hydrocarbon.
Even if the device of this invention accidentally works at an unwanted time, it does not contaminate the place where it is installed as a foam fireextinguisher or carbonate fire-extinguisher. The malodorous gas liberated from the device can be easily removed from .'7e place by simply opening windows.
Now the invention is illustrated below by way of working examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Example 1
Gelatin capsules were prepared by a rotary dice type pharmaceutical gelatin capsule production machine (marketed by Leiner Co., Ltd.) with an injector loaded with carbon tetrachioride. One hundred thousand (100,000) spherical capsules each containing 0.5 ml of carbon tetrachioride were obtained.
Five hundred (500) capsules were packed in a bag of aluminum foil/polyethylene film laminate sheets (30 x 20 cm) and sealed to provide a simple but effective fire-extinguishing device.
Example2 Fifty (50) ml of salad oil was placed in a frying pan of about 250 mm in diameter on a fire. Ten (10) seconds after the oil caught fire, the bag of the fireextinguishing device prepared in Example 1 was torn open and 250 capsules containing carbon tetrachioride were taken out of the bag and thrown onto the fire. The flame was immediately extinguished.
Example 3 Fifb/ (50) liters of kerosene was placed in a tray of 1 m 1 m x 0.2 m and 100 kg of firewood was piled thereon. Thirty (30) seconds afterfire was set, 20 fire-extinguishing devices, that is, 20 of the bags
prepared in Example 1 were thrown onto the fire.
The fire was soon extinguished.
Example 4
Simple fire-extinguishing devices were prepared
in the same way as in Example 1 except that
monobromo-monochloromethane was used as
halogenated hydrocarbon. Capsules were placed
along the 15 ampere vinyl resin coated wire 20 met
ers long at intervals of one meter. A 25 ampere fuse
was connected in series. Electric current of 25
ampere was let run through the wire by applying 100
volts thereto. When the wire became hot, the capsules burst and released the monobromo
monochloromethane and part of the mono
monochioromethane was vaporized. Thew vinyl
resin coating melted but did not burn. The fuse
melted before the vinyl resin began to burn.
The fire-extinguishing device of this invention can be easily manufactured by the conventional machine well known in the pharmaceutical field and is very convenient to use. Therefore, it can be industrially produced and conveniently used in dwelling houses or in any institution.
Claims (5)
1. Afire-extinguishing device which comprises a plurality of gelatin capsules containing anon- combustible halogenated hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature, said plurality of capsules being sealed in an envelope of plastic sheet, aluminum foil or aluminum foil/plastic sheet laminate.
2. The device claimed in Claim 1, wherein said gelatin capsules have a capacity of not more than 5 ml.
3. The device claimed in Claim 1, wherein the sealed envelope cc,ntaining the gelatin capsules is composed of aluminum foil/plastic sheet laminate.
4. The device claimed in any one of Claims 1,2 and 3, wherein the non-combustible halogenated hydrocarbon is carbon tetrachloride.
5. The device claimed in any one of Claims 1,2 and 3, wherein the non-combustible halogenated hydrocarbon is monobromo-monochlornmethane.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56063982A JPS57180970A (en) | 1981-04-30 | 1981-04-30 | Fire fighting tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2103484A true GB2103484A (en) | 1983-02-23 |
Family
ID=13244993
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08211796A Withdrawn GB2103484A (en) | 1981-04-30 | 1982-04-23 | Fire extinguishing device |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57180970A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU527376B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3216044C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2514262A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2103484A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1155334B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2136687A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-09-26 | Frederick Bradley | Fire suppressing device |
| WO1989000438A1 (en) * | 1986-01-15 | 1989-01-26 | Derek Aubrey Thacker | Fire extinguishant |
| US9283415B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2016-03-15 | Eclipse Aerospace, Inc. | Fire suppression systems |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0529924Y2 (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1993-07-30 | ||
| JP4632948B2 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2011-02-16 | 藤村 忠正 | Microencapsulated fire extinguishing agent having dibromomethane as core material and fire extinguishing material containing the extinguishing agent |
| JP2009160387A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-07-23 | Vision Development Co Ltd | Microencapsulated fire extinguisher and manufacturing method thereof, and fire extinguishing composite material |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE544446A (en) * | 1956-01-12 | |||
| DE2244736A1 (en) * | 1972-07-07 | 1974-03-21 | Schaberger & Co Gmbh Josef | Fire extinguishing microcapsules - contg incombustible salt in aq soln, forming air-excluding film to prevent re-ignition, besides halo hydrocarbon |
| DE2246614A1 (en) * | 1972-09-22 | 1974-03-28 | Gerhard Siegmund | FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES |
| FR2249525A5 (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1975-05-23 | Davis Verna | Blanket fire extinguisher -having extinguishing material - between fire resistant and heat rupturable sheets |
| SE409818B (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1979-09-10 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | FLAME PROTECTION DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL CABLE INSTALLATIONS |
| FR2441395A1 (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-06-13 | Krylov Anatoly | Automatic fire extinguishing equipment - uses chemical action liquid inhibitor in thermoplastic capsules released by heat from igniter elements |
-
1981
- 1981-04-30 JP JP56063982A patent/JPS57180970A/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-04-21 AU AU82895/82A patent/AU527376B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-04-23 GB GB08211796A patent/GB2103484A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-04-28 IT IT67561/82A patent/IT1155334B/en active
- 1982-04-29 FR FR8207428A patent/FR2514262A1/en active Pending
- 1982-04-29 DE DE3216044A patent/DE3216044C2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2136687A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-09-26 | Frederick Bradley | Fire suppressing device |
| WO1989000438A1 (en) * | 1986-01-15 | 1989-01-26 | Derek Aubrey Thacker | Fire extinguishant |
| US9283415B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2016-03-15 | Eclipse Aerospace, Inc. | Fire suppression systems |
| US9550081B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2017-01-24 | Eclipse Aerospace, Inc. | Fire suppression systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU8289582A (en) | 1982-11-04 |
| FR2514262A1 (en) | 1983-04-15 |
| DE3216044C2 (en) | 1984-05-03 |
| JPS57180970A (en) | 1982-11-08 |
| AU527376B2 (en) | 1983-03-03 |
| IT1155334B (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| DE3216044A1 (en) | 1983-03-03 |
| JPS6359708B2 (en) | 1988-11-21 |
| IT8267561A0 (en) | 1982-04-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |