GB2087427A - Use of an Austenitic Steel in the Cold-hardened State under Conditions of Extreme Corrosion - Google Patents
Use of an Austenitic Steel in the Cold-hardened State under Conditions of Extreme Corrosion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2087427A GB2087427A GB8129820A GB8129820A GB2087427A GB 2087427 A GB2087427 A GB 2087427A GB 8129820 A GB8129820 A GB 8129820A GB 8129820 A GB8129820 A GB 8129820A GB 2087427 A GB2087427 A GB 2087427A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- maximum
- corrosion
- cold
- steel
- steels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
Abstract
Use of an austenitic steel containing a maximum of 0.05% carbon, a maximum of 1.00% silicon, 3.00 to 6.00% manganese, 18.00 to 21.00% chromium, 2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum, 14.00 to 18.00% nickel, a maximum of 0.25% niobium, 0.20 to 0.35% nitrogen, less than 0.025% phosphorus, and less than 0.025% sulphur, the remaining contents being iron and unavoidable impurities. in the cold-hardened state, as a high- strength material subject to conditions of extreme corrosion, particularly as in boreholes with a chloride-H2S environment.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Use of an Austenitic Steel in the Cold
Hardened State Under Conditions of Extreme
Corrosion
The invention relates to the use of a steel, material No. 1.3964, which is known per se and which has an austenitic structure in the coldhardened state, as a high-strength material subject to conditions of extreme corrosion;
When extracting or prospecting for fossil fuels it is often necessary to use equipment which should not be subjected to stress cracking corrosion (SRK) or hydrogen embrittlement under the conditions prevailing in a bore-hole. In adverse cases there can still be hydrogen sulphide present, in addition to chlorides, as well as high temperatures and high pressures. Pipes and cables in particular are subjected to extreme loads under these conditions.
Moreover, for economical reasons it is necessary for these conditions to be withstood for prolonged and foreseeable periods of time.
Amongst these factors it is also of interest that, despite the exacting requirements, the materials used are successful with the cheapest possible alloying elements. As lower-priced materials were unknown, nickel-base or cobalt-base steels were used in the past for the purposes mentioned; they undoubtedly had the desired properties, but were problematical from the cost point of view. Other materials having a lower alloy content did not have the high tensile strength necessary for such use. Because of the increased tendency - which is to be expected -- of these steels to stress corrosion cracking, the possibility ofincreasing the strength by cold-hardening is excluded.Likewise, according to bibliographical references it is not advisable to use steels which, to increase strength, contain nitrogen as an alloying element since, just as with steels having a particularly low carbon content, these steels are increasingly prone to stress cracking corrosion. It is also known (German Auslegeschrift 23 38 282) that steels with a ferritic/austenitic structure have a higher resistance to stress corrosion cracking than steels having a purely austenitic structure.
A steel which is suitable for use in, for example, bore-holes and which is economical to manufacture and has the said properties, particularly with regard to the mechanical properties under high corrosion conditions, is unknown at the present time.
Surprisingly, tests have shown that the steel
No. 1.3964 which possesses all the mentioned limitations against providing good resistance to stress cracking corrosion is, in the cold-worked state, and above all in the drawn state, when under high stress in numerous test solutions, fully resistant to stress cracking corrosion and to hydrogen embrittlement.
The tensile strength of the strain-hardened steel was approximately 150 kg/mm2 and the analysis, which is known per se, was as follows:
a maximum of 0.05% carbon
a maximum of 1.00% silicon
3.00 to 6.00% manganese
18.00 to 21.00% chromium
2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum
14.00 to 18.00% nickel
a maximum of 0.25% niobium
0.20 to 0.35- nitrogen
less than 0.025% phosphorus
less than 0.025% sulphur
and the remaining contents being
iron and unavoidable impurities.
On account of its stable austenite and the higher yield point for metal sheet or plate, this known steel was used originally to build nonmagnetic ships. These aforementioned properties also resulted in this steel used for parts which are utilised at low temperatures. However, it was not to be expected that the material, for example in the cold-hardened state, is suitable as cable or rope wire in the hostile environment of acidcontaining bore-holes.
Claims
1. Use of an austenitic steel containing a maximum of 0.05% carbon, a maximum of 1.00% silicon, 3.00 to 6.00% manganese, 18.00 to 21.00% chromium, 2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum, 14.00 to 18.00% nickel, a maximum of 0.25% nionium, 0.20 to 0.35% nitrogen, less than 0.025% phosphorus, and less than 0.025% sulphur, the remaining contents being iron and unavoidable impurities, in the cold-hardened state, as a high-strength material subject to conditions of extreme corrosion.
2. A pipe or cable composed of cold-hardened austenitic steel containing a maximum of 0.05% carbon, a maximum of 1.00% silicon 3.00 to 6.00% manganese, 18.00 to 21.00% chromium, 2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum, 14.00 to 18.00% nickel, a maximum of 0.25% niobium, 0.20 to 0.35% nitrogen, less than 0.025% phosphorus, and less than 0.025% sulphur, the remaining contents being iron and unavoidable impurities.
3. A pipe or cable according to claim 2 when used in a bore-hole or similar underground environment.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.SPECIFICATION Use of an Austenitic Steel in the Cold Hardened State Under Conditions of Extreme Corrosion The invention relates to the use of a steel, material No. 1.3964, which is known per se and which has an austenitic structure in the coldhardened state, as a high-strength material subject to conditions of extreme corrosion; When extracting or prospecting for fossil fuels it is often necessary to use equipment which should not be subjected to stress cracking corrosion (SRK) or hydrogen embrittlement under the conditions prevailing in a bore-hole. In adverse cases there can still be hydrogen sulphide present, in addition to chlorides, as well as high temperatures and high pressures. Pipes and cables in particular are subjected to extreme loads under these conditions.Moreover, for economical reasons it is necessary for these conditions to be withstood for prolonged and foreseeable periods of time.Amongst these factors it is also of interest that, despite the exacting requirements, the materials used are successful with the cheapest possible alloying elements. As lower-priced materials were unknown, nickel-base or cobalt-base steels were used in the past for the purposes mentioned; they undoubtedly had the desired properties, but were problematical from the cost point of view. Other materials having a lower alloy content did not have the high tensile strength necessary for such use. Because of the increased tendency - which is to be expected -- of these steels to stress corrosion cracking, the possibility ofincreasing the strength by cold-hardening is excluded.Likewise, according to bibliographical references it is not advisable to use steels which, to increase strength, contain nitrogen as an alloying element since, just as with steels having a particularly low carbon content, these steels are increasingly prone to stress cracking corrosion. It is also known (German Auslegeschrift 23 38 282) that steels with a ferritic/austenitic structure have a higher resistance to stress corrosion cracking than steels having a purely austenitic structure.A steel which is suitable for use in, for example, bore-holes and which is economical to manufacture and has the said properties, particularly with regard to the mechanical properties under high corrosion conditions, is unknown at the present time.Surprisingly, tests have shown that the steel No. 1.3964 which possesses all the mentioned limitations against providing good resistance to stress cracking corrosion is, in the cold-worked state, and above all in the drawn state, when under high stress in numerous test solutions, fully resistant to stress cracking corrosion and to hydrogen embrittlement.The tensile strength of the strain-hardened steel was approximately 150 kg/mm2 and the analysis, which is known per se, was as follows: a maximum of 0.05% carbon a maximum of 1.00% silicon3.00 to 6.00% manganese18.00 to 21.00% chromium2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum14.00 to 18.00% nickel a maximum of 0.25% niobium 0.20 to 0.35- nitrogen less than 0.025% phosphorus less than 0.025% sulphur and the remaining contents being iron and unavoidable impurities.On account of its stable austenite and the higher yield point for metal sheet or plate, this known steel was used originally to build nonmagnetic ships. These aforementioned properties also resulted in this steel used for parts which are utilised at low temperatures. However, it was not to be expected that the material, for example in the cold-hardened state, is suitable as cable or rope wire in the hostile environment of acidcontaining bore-holes.Claims1. Use of an austenitic steel containing a maximum of 0.05% carbon, a maximum of 1.00% silicon, 3.00 to 6.00% manganese, 18.00 to 21.00% chromium, 2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum, 14.00 to 18.00% nickel, a maximum of 0.25% nionium, 0.20 to 0.35% nitrogen, less than 0.025% phosphorus, and less than 0.025% sulphur, the remaining contents being iron and unavoidable impurities, in the cold-hardened state, as a high-strength material subject to conditions of extreme corrosion.2. A pipe or cable composed of cold-hardened austenitic steel containing a maximum of 0.05% carbon, a maximum of 1.00% silicon 3.00 to 6.00% manganese, 18.00 to 21.00% chromium, 2.70 to 3.70% molybdenum, 14.00 to 18.00% nickel, a maximum of 0.25% niobium, 0.20 to 0.35% nitrogen, less than 0.025% phosphorus, and less than 0.025% sulphur, the remaining contents being iron and unavoidable impurities.3. A pipe or cable according to claim 2 when used in a bore-hole or similar underground environment.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3037954A DE3037954C2 (en) | 1980-10-08 | 1980-10-08 | Use of an austenitic steel in the work-hardened state for extreme corrosion loads |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2087427A true GB2087427A (en) | 1982-05-26 |
| GB2087427B GB2087427B (en) | 1984-09-12 |
Family
ID=6113877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8129820A Expired GB2087427B (en) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-10-02 | Use of an austenitic steel in the cold-hardened state under conditions of extreme corrosion |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE890653A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3037954C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2491500B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2087427B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO154135C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0342574A1 (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-23 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG | Corrosion-resistant austenitic steel |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4554028A (en) * | 1983-12-13 | 1985-11-19 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | Large warm worked, alloy article |
| DE3407305A1 (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-08-29 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | USE OF A CORROSION-RESISTANT AUSTENITIC ALLOY FOR MECHANICALLY STRESSED, WELDABLE COMPONENTS |
| DE3407307A1 (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-08-29 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | USE OF A CORROSION-RESISTANT AUSTENITIC IRON-CHROME-NICKEL-NITROGEN ALLOY FOR MECHANICALLY HIGH-QUALITY COMPONENTS |
| DE102018133251A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Schoeller-Bleckmann Oilfield Technology Gmbh | Drill string component with high corrosion resistance and process for their manufacture |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1194587B (en) * | 1963-06-06 | 1965-06-10 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag | Use of austenitic steel alloys as a material for welded components that are exposed to attack by seawater and / or marine atmosphere |
| DE1205289B (en) * | 1964-05-27 | 1965-11-18 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag | Use of an austenitic steel alloy as a material for welded components that are exposed to attack by sea water and / or the sea atmosphere |
| DE1214005B (en) * | 1965-02-03 | 1966-04-07 | Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke | Components made from austenitic steels |
| FR1444807A (en) * | 1965-05-24 | 1966-07-08 | Loire Atel Forges | Improvements made to austenitic stainless steels with high creep resistance |
| FR2182274A5 (en) * | 1972-04-24 | 1973-12-07 | Armco Steel Corp | Austenitic iron-nickel-chromium alloys - with niobium or tungsten-contg phase which takes up phosphide etc |
| JPS5424364B2 (en) * | 1973-05-04 | 1979-08-21 | ||
| US4099966A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-07-11 | Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. | Austenitic stainless steel |
-
1980
- 1980-10-08 DE DE3037954A patent/DE3037954C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-10-02 GB GB8129820A patent/GB2087427B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-05 FR FR8118698A patent/FR2491500B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-06 BE BE6/47534A patent/BE890653A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-10-07 NO NO813392A patent/NO154135C/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0342574A1 (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-23 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG | Corrosion-resistant austenitic steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2087427B (en) | 1984-09-12 |
| FR2491500A1 (en) | 1982-04-09 |
| NO154135C (en) | 1986-07-23 |
| NO813392L (en) | 1982-04-13 |
| FR2491500B1 (en) | 1985-11-22 |
| BE890653A (en) | 1982-02-01 |
| NO154135B (en) | 1986-04-14 |
| DE3037954A1 (en) | 1982-06-24 |
| DE3037954C2 (en) | 1983-12-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |