GB2045344A

GB2045344A - Pump

Info

Publication number: GB2045344A
Application number: GB8003489A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1979-02-02
Filing date: 1980-02-01
Publication date: 1980-10-29
Also published as: ATA56480A; ES8100435A1; GB2045344B; IT8019524A0; AT365740B; CH623377A5; DE7902915U1; BE881213A; ES488164A0; LU82098A1; IT1151081B

Abstract

A pump for injecting mortar or other fluid material into anchoring hole (A) in the mining industry or the underground construction industry has at least one cylinder (2a or 2b) enclosing a movable piston (3a or 3b) and a control means for actuating the piston. A suction conduit 12 for the mortar and a hose 11 for the injection of the mortar into the anchoring hole are connected to the free extremity of the cylinder (2a or 3a). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Pump for Injecting Mortar and Other Fluid Materials Into Anchoring Holes The invention relates to a pump for the injection of mortar and other fluid materials into anchoring holes, comprising at least one cylinder including a movable piston and a control means for actuating the piston in the cylinder.

This type of pump for filling anchoring holes, for example in the mining industry or for underground construction work, with mortar, hydraulic fluid materials or other materials is described for example in French Patent No. 74 25 223. The pump of this French patent is difficult to handle because one has to manipulate always the entire pump in order to draw the mortar into the pump and also for injecting the mortar into the anchoring hole.

This known pump therefore requires improvements and it is an object of the present invention to provide a pump which is easier to handle for the injection of mortar into anchoring holes.

To attain this object, the pump according to the invention is characterized in that a conduit for the drawing of the mortar by suction and a hose for the injection of mortar into an anchoring hole are connected at the free extremity of the cylinder.

A pump incorporating these features is very simple in operation, it is stationary and does not need to be moved for the injection of mortar. Only the injection hose needs to be introduced successively into the anchoring holes to be filled in.

In order to connect the suction conduit and the injection hose to the cylinder of the pump one can provide a Y orT shaped connector at the extremity of the cylinder, the injection tubing hose being connected to one of the branches of this connector and the suction conduit to the other branch of the connector. In order to be certain to draw the mortar solely from the mortar vat or to inject during the injection period the mortar solely into the anchoring hole it may be convenient to provide the Y or T shaped connector with a suction valve which is associated with the branch to which the suction conduit is connected, and with an injection valve associated with the branch to which the injection hose is connected.

To further improve the pump according to the embodiment the two valves may have each a tooth segment which engage each other, and a lever may be provided for the simultaneous regulation of the two valves. In this manner one needs to actuate only a single lever by means of which one can simultaneously close one of the valves associated with the branch to which the injection hose is connected. To further improve the pump according tathis embodiment the two valves may have each a tooth segment which engage eath other, and a lever may be provided for the simultaneous regulation of the two valves.

In this manner one needs to actuate only a single lever by means of which one can simultaneously close one of the valves and open the other. It is also possible to provide an automatic control of the two valves by means of a servo-motor with a piston cylinder connected to the common control lever, and controlled by a vacuostat as a function of the pressure in the cylinder associated with the pump. The suction conduit may consist simply of a suction hose which is introduced into the mortar vat. However, it is preferable that the suction conduct consists of a elbow connected on one side rigidly to the Y or T connector and on the other side rigidly to a mortar vat or a mixer. In this case one does not need the suction hose. For the direct connection of the mortar vat or the mixer to the pump one can increase the operating speed.

According to a particular and simpler embodiment one can connect the suction conduit to a mortar vat or a mixer and a stop valve can be provided at the outlet end of the mortar vat or mixer. According to this embodiment one does not need two valves but it will be understood that the suction force is produced also on the suction hose during the drawing of a mortar charge.

The pump is usually actuated in a pneumatic manner for example by compressed air. In this case two cylinders are attached to the opposite extremities of a distributor body, each cylinder including a piston mounted on a common piston rod. With thus type of pump one can work eventually simultaneously with the two cylinders.

It is also possible to provide a hydraulic or electric control. The hydraulic or electric control permits to increase the injection pressure. Also in the case of a hydraulic control one can work with only one cylinder for the injection of mortar. The other cylinder can serve in this case as control cylinder.

In the case of an electric control the second cylinder is replaced by an endless screw actuated by an electric motor. If one wants to work with two cylinders, one must provide at the end of each cylinder a suction conduit and an injection hose. For the pneumatic control a fourway valve is fixed to the distributor body. However, it is preferable to provide a remote control valve which can be fixed to the injection hose or to an injection nozzle. In this case the pump can be actuated very easily by one man.

If the pressure of the fluid is not sufficient for the injection of mortar into the anchoring hole, which can be the case for the upwardly directed anchoring holes, one has the possibility of connecting the source of the fluid under pressure simultaneously to the two cylinders for the connection of a joint conduit between a conduit for supplying fluid under pressure (compression) and the free end of the cylinder opposed to the cylinder which carries the mortar charge to be injected. It is evident that in this case one can work with only one cylinder.

The control valve comprises preferably a casing with a connection for the fluid under pressure and with two diametrically opposed openings. In the casing a conical valve body with two passages is rotatably mounted. The two passages extend from the large extremity respectively from the small extremity of the valve body towards diametrically opposed points of the conical surface of the valve body. One of these passages being constantly connected to the fluid source under pressure and the other passage to the atmospheric pressure.

The mortar injection pump can be equipped with a pump for the simultaneous injectin of an accelerator.

The invention will now be explained in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating several embodiments of the invention, in which: Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the pump according to the invention designed for a pneumatic control.

Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention according to which the mortar vat, or a mixer, is connected directly to the pump.

-Fig. 3 shows also an embodiment in which the mortar vat is connected directly to the pump, but according to this embodiment the suction and injection system of the mortar is simplified.

Fig. 4 shows the four-way valve.

Fig. 5 shows the pump according to the invention arranged for hydraulic control.

Fig. 6 shows the pump according to the invention arranged for electrical operation.

The pump illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a distributor body 1 with a separation wall 1 a. Two cylinders 2a and 2b are fixed to the distributor body 1 and extend coaxially in opposite directions thereto. At the end of each cylinder a cap 6 having an opening is mounted. To avoid the accumulation of residue, for example sand, in cylinder 2a the cylinder cap 6 is provided preferably with a conical end wall. Also the other cylinder cap may have such a configuration.

Between the cylinder caps and the cylinders and also between the cylinders and the distributor body sealing rings 1 5 are provided. In each cylinder 2a and 2b a piston 3a respectively 3b is slidably mounted. These pistons 3a, 3b are secured to a common piston rod 4 which is guided in an air tight manner in the distributor body 1.

To feed the fluid under pressure coming from a fluid source 0 alternateiy into the cylinder chamber provided behind the piston 3a and into the cylinder chamber behind the piston 3b on the side of the distributor body 1 a four-way control valve 7 is provided. This control valve 7 can be attached to the distributor body 1, or as will be described hereafter, to an injection hose or an injection nozzle provided for the injection hose.

The four-way valve will be described hereafter in greater detail with reference to Figure 4. The inlet of the four-way valve 7 is connected to a source of compressed air by a feeder conduit 16. The fourway valve has also an outlet opening 20 and it is connected by a conduit 13 to the cylinder chamber formed between the piston 3b and the distributor body 1, and by a conduit 17 to the cylinder chamber provided between the piston 3a and the distributor body 1. This four-way valve allows thus to feed fluid under pressure into one of the cylinder chambers and to evacuate simultaneously the other cylinder chamber.When the pressure of the fluid under pressure is not sufficient to inject mortar into the anchoring hole one can form a joint conduit (illustrated by the dash line) between the feeder conduit 1 7 and the free end of the cylinder which is not used for the injection of mortar. This possibility allows the application of the fluid pressure on the two pistons for the injection of the mortar into the anchoring hole. It will be understood that in this case one loses the possibility of the injection by the two cylinders.

At the extremity of one or both cylinders 2a and 2b a Y or T shaped member 8 is mounted. At one branch of the member 8 a suction conduit, such as a suction hose 12, is mounted and at the outer branch of member 8 an inection hose 11.

The suction hose 12 extends into a mortar vat M and the injection hose 11 can be introduced into the anchoring holes A to be filled with mortar. The Y and T shaped member 8 is provided with a suction valve 9 and an injection valve 10.

To simplify the construction the member 8 and the valves 9 and 10 can be constituted of a single valve having two channels, for example a twoway ball valve, secured on the cylinder cap 6.

According to this embodiment, for filling the cylinder 2a of the pump, the suction valve 9 is open and the injection valve 10 is closed.

Thereafter fluid under pressure is directed behind the piston 3b to draw a mortar charge into the cylinder 2a. After filling of this cylinder the positions of the two valves are reversed and the fluid under pressure is directed behind the piston 3a to fill the anchoring hole A with the mortar contained in cylinder 2a. Evidently one can provide the two cylinders of the pump wih such a mechanism for continuous operation.

The pump above described can also be used for intermittent operation. In this case the injection valve remains constantly closed and the suction valve is always open. The suction and injection are carried out in that case by the suction hose which is introduced for the injection into the anchoring hole to be filled.

The suction valve and the injection valve 9 and 10 can be provided each with a tooth segment 9a and 1 0a and a lever 41 can be provided for actuating these tooth segments. In this manner, when one of the valves is closed the other one is automatically opened. One can also provide a servo-motor 42 for the automatic control of the lever 41. This servo-motor 42 comprises a piston whose piston rod 43 is connected pivotally to lever 41 and the cylinder 44 of the servo-motor is connected pivotally to one of the supports 45 of the pump. The servo-motor is controlled by a vacuostat as a function of the pressure in the cylinder chamber behind the piston 3a or 3b. A nozzle (not shown) can be fixed to the injection hose 1 To this nozzle one can fix the control valve 7. In this case the pump can be remote controlled.

Experience has shown that the addition of a rapid accelerator to the mortar injected by the pump is desirable but the mixture of mortaraccelerator clogs the pump and its channels during the injection period. The present methods of using a solid or liquid accelerator consist in placing small accelerator cartridges or bags into the holes to be sealed off by mortar or cement, thereafter the anchoring hole is filled with mortar or cement and the mixing or the mixture of mortar and accelerator is carried out in the hole at the moment of introduction by rotation of the sealing bar, the accelerator cartridge or bag is destroyed on contact of the rotating bar and the mixture of mortar and accelerator is carried out down to the bottom of the anchoring hole.

As illustrated in Figure 1 a small pump 50 for the injection of the accelerator can be fixed to the pump for injecting the mortar. The pump 50 for the injection of the accelerator can be fixed to the pump for injecting the mortar. The pump 50 for the injection of the accelerator comprises a cylinder 51 and two pistons 52 and 52b assembled by a coupling rod 52c. At one of the extremities of cylinder 51 a hose 53 is connected which is to be introduced with the injection hose 11 into the anchoring hole A. The hose 53 has a smaller diameter than the hose 11 and it may be placed on the outside of the hose 11 or incorporated therein. The other extremity of the pump 50 is connected by a conduit 54 to T member 54b fixed to the four-way control valve 7 of the mortar injection pump, the conduit 1 6 for feeding compressed air is supplying the two pumps.The control of pump 50 for the injection of the accelerator is carried out by a small valve 55 located in conduit 54a. The control of the mortar injection pump and that of the complementary accelerator pump being fed by the same compressed air conduit are thus within easy reach by hand and facilitate the simultaneous control of either one or the other pump. The user may conveniently control the two pumps, namely the mortar injection pump and the accelerator injection pump, and at the wish of the user the accelerator can be joined therewith whenever desired, at the base of the hole, over its entire length or only at the end of the hole.

The system described above has been conceived for pneumatic operation, namely with compressed air. Obviously the two pumps can also be equipped, as indicated above, to operate hydraulically or electrically. For the pneumatic operation the working pressure is about 4 to 6 bars. On the other hand, by the hydraulic or electrical operation one can increase the pressure to between 1 5 and 20 bars, and even more. In this case, as already mentioned above, the mortar injection pump loses the advantage of being utilized with its two cylinders, but on the contrary it will offer the possibility of having a higher pressure for the injection. Driven hydraulically and electrically the two pumps can be also employed for handling cement dispensed together with an accelerator.In this case the two injection hoses for cement and accelerator are each provided at their end with a strainer for atomizing or suction.

As illustrated in Figure 5 for the hydraulic operation of the pump, one of the cylinders, in this case cylinder 2a, is used as control cylinder and the other cylinder 2b is used as a work cylinder to inject mortar charges into the anchoring holes to be filled. In Figure 5 the mechanism of the two valves and the injection and suction hoses are not illustrated, but evidently these elements are also provided on the pump according to the embodiment of Figure 5 at the end of cylinder 2b.

The extremity of cylinder 2a is closed by a stopper 60. Through the control valve 7a hydraulic fluid coming from a conduit 1 6a may be fed alternatively through conduits 61 and 62 toward the one or the other side of piston 3a.

For the system of electrical operation of Figure 6, the pump comprises a single work cylinder 2b enclosing a piston 3b fixed on a threaded piston rod 4a. A rotary or endless screw nut 65 engages the threaded rod 4a. The nut 65 is actuated by a reversible electric motor 66. The free end of the cylinder 2b carries a mechanism for the suction and injectin of mortar such as represented in Figure 1,2or3.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 2. This embodiment permits also the continuous operation of the mortar injection pump. The mechanism provided at the free end of cylinder 2a corresponds to the one provided at the free end of cylinder 2a, Figure 1 of the embodiment according to Figure 1 with the exception that the suction hose 12 is replaced by a suction tube 1 2a formed by an elbow which is used to connect the mortar vat Ma or a mixer directly to one of the branches of the Y or T shaped member or also with a two-way valve. In this case one does not need a flexibie hose and the mortar vat Ma, Figure 2, is rigidly connected to the pump. According to Figure 2, at the free end of the other cylinder 2b, the same mechanism is illustrated.In Figure 2 the pump for accelerator injection is not illustrated but it is evident that such a pump can also be utilized in combination with the embodiment of Figure 2.

A simpler embodiment for the continuous operation of the pump is illustrated in Figure 3.

According to this embodiment an injection hose 11 a and a mortar vat or mixer are connected to the cap 6. The connection of the hose and the mortar vat or mixer to the cylinder may be obtained by a connector member T. A closure valve 22 is provided at the outlet of the mortar vat or mixer. This valve is opened to fill the cylinder 2a and it is closed when the mortar is injected to avoid the backing up of the mortar in the vat or mixer. Similarly during the suction of the mortar into the cylinder it is sufficient to bend the injection hose by 1 80 degrees upon itself to avoid the formation of air bubbles in the cylinder and in the hose during the suction. The embodiment eiiminates the second vat.

The four way valve 7 is represented in Figure 4 in greater detail. According to Figure 4 this valve 7 comprises a casing 25 with an internal conical bore 26. In this bore a valve member 27 of conical form is provided whose one extremity 28 extends from the casing 25. To this extremity 28 of the valve body 27 a control lever 29 is provided to rotate the valve body 27 between the operating positions. The casing 25 is closed by a stopper 30 at its extremity opposed to the control lever 29. The stopper 30 has a longitudinal bore for the connection of the conduit 1 6 for the feeding of fluid under pressure. Between the stopper 30 and the valve body 27 a compression spring 31 is provided. The casing 25 has two bores for the connection of the conduits 13 and 17 communicating with the cylinder chambers.

The valve body 27 has two passages 32 and 33.

The two passages extend from the small extremity respectively the large extremity of the valve body 27 toward diametrically opposed points of the conical surface of the valve body 27 Consequently the valve can be reversed by a rotary movement of 180 degrees of the valve body 27. A rotation by only 90 degrees of the valve 27 permits to close the compressed air source. The valve is of solid construction, dependable and very simple. One can utiiize a valve with a conical body available in commerce and one only needs to replace the valve body by another valve body such as described above and to provide the possibility for a connection of the compressed air source.

Claims

1. A pump for the injection of mortar or other fluid materials into anchoring holes, comprising at least one cylinder enclosing a movable piston and a control means for actuating the piston in the cylinder, characterized in that a conduit for the suction of mortar and a hose for the injection of the mortar into an anchoring hole are connected to the free extremity of the cylinder.

2. A pump according to claim 1, characterized in that a Y or T shaped connector is provided at the extremity of the cylinder, the injection hose being connected to one of the branches of this connector and the suction conduit being connected to the other branch of the connector.

3. A pump according to claim 2, characterized in that the Y or T shaped connector is provided with a suction valve associated with the branch to which the suction conduit is connected, and with an injection valve associated with the branch to which the injection hose is connected.

4. A pump according to claim 3, characterized in that the two valves carry each a tooth segment which engage each other and in that a common lever is provided for the simultaneous control of these two valves.

5. A pump according to claim 4, characterized in that for the automatic actuation of the two valves a servomotor with a piston cylinder is connected to the common control lever, and in that the servo-motor is controlled by a vacuostat as a function of the pressure in the cylinder of the pump.

6. A pump according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the suction conduit is a suction hose which is introduced into a mortar vat.

7. A pump according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the suction conduit is formed by an elbow connected on the one side rigidly to the Y or T shaped connector or to the two-way valve, and connected rigidly on the other side to a mortar vat or a mixer.

8. A pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction conduit is connected to a mortar vat or a mixer and in that a stop valve is provided at the outlet end of the mortar vat or mixer.

9. A pump according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the piston rod is threaded and in that an endless screw nut or a screw controlled by a reversible electric motor is provided to actuate the piston in the cylinder.

10. A pump according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that two cylinders are attached to the opposite extremities of a distribution body, each cylinder enclosing a piston mounted on a common piston rod, and in that a control means is provided to actuate the piston by the feeding of a fluid under pressure toward at least one of the pistons.

11. A pump according to claim 10, characterized in that one of the cylinders is a hydraulic control cylinder and in that the control means is a valve for feeding a hydraulic fluid alternatively toward one, then toward the other side of the movable piston in the control cylinder.

12. A pump according to claim 10, characterized in that the control means is a fourway valve to feed fluid under pressure, alternatively toward a control chamber of one, and then the other cylinder, and to evacuate simultaneously the control chamber of the opposite cylinder.

13. A pump according to claim 12, characterized in that the four-way valve is fixed to the distribution body.

14. A pump according to claim 12, characterized in that the four-way valve is attached to the injection hose or to a nozzle attached to the injection hose.

1 5. A pump according to claim 12, characterized in that for the injection of mortar into an anchoring hole the fluid under pressure can be fed simultaneously toward the two pistons by the provision of a joint conduit between the conduit for feeding fluid under pressure and the free extremity of the cylinder opposite to the cylinder enclosing the mortar charge to be injected.

16. A pump according to claim 12, characterized in that the four-way valve comprises a casing having a connection for the source of fluid under pressure and with two diametrically opposite openings, the casing enclosing a conical valve body which is rotary, this valve body having two passages extending from the small extremity respectively from the large extremity of the valve body toward diametrically opposite points of the conical surface of the valve body, one of these passages being in communication with the source of fluid under pressure and the other in communication with the atmospheric pressure.

1 7. A pump according to one of the claims 10, 12 and 16, characterized in that at the free extremity of each cylinder a conduit for the suction of mortar and an injection hose are connected.

18. A pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a separate pump for the injection of an accelerator, this pump for the injection of an accelerator having a flexible hose or a nozzle of small diameter for the injection, and to be introduced with the hose for the injection of mortar into the anchoring hole.

19. A pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduit for the suction of the mortar and the hose for the injection of the mortar are connected to the cylinder by a two-way valve, for example a two-way ball valve.