GB1592661A - Method of making tyres - Google Patents
Method of making tyres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1592661A GB1592661A GB4813/77A GB481377A GB1592661A GB 1592661 A GB1592661 A GB 1592661A GB 4813/77 A GB4813/77 A GB 4813/77A GB 481377 A GB481377 A GB 481377A GB 1592661 A GB1592661 A GB 1592661A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electroconductive filler
- tyre
- rubber composition
- carcass
- electroconductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 natural rubber Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/52—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/08—Building tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/52—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
- B29D2030/526—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading the tread comprising means for discharging the electrostatic charge, e.g. conductive elements or portions having conductivity higher than the tread rubber
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Description
(54) METHOD OF MAKING TYRES
(71) We, DUNLOP LIMITED, an English
Company of Dunlop House, Ryder Street,
St. James's, London S.W.l, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to a method of making tyres.
A method of making a tyre comprises assembling a vulcanisable rubber tread component with a carcass component which comprises vulcanised and/or vulcanisable rubber, with or without one or more other components of the tyre between them, and heating the assembly to bond the components together whereby at least some of the heat is produced by passing an electric current through at least one electro-conductive filler-containing rubber composition in the assembly.
Usually pressure is also applied to the assembly during heating.
The method is particularly directed to achieving a bond between at least two adjacent components by vulcanisation and for this purpose at least one of the components to be bonded is preferably vulcanisable.
The tread comprises a vulcanisable rubber composition and may comprise more than one layer. If desired the tread or, if it comprises more than one layer, at least one of its layers may contain an electroconductive filler. The tread may be in the form of "lugs", such as are used in earthmover tyres.
The carcass comprises a vulcanised or vulcanisable rubber composition and may comprise more than one layer in which case at least one vulcanisable and at least one vulcanised layer may be included. It is to be understood that the term "carcass" does not include a tyre breaker or tread. If desired the carcass or, if it comprises more than one layer, at least one of its layers may contain an electroconductive filler. For example, tyre cord may be coated with an electro-conductive filler-containing rubber composition and used as a carcass ply.
If desired, at least one electroconductive filler-containing vulcanised or vulcanisable rubber composition may be included between the tread and carcass. The electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition may be applied e.g. in sheet form, in strip form by winding or as a solution or dispersion.
One or more additional vulcanisable rubber layers can be applied between the tread and carcass if desired e.g. by strip winding or in sheet form or as a solution or dispersion.
An example of an additional layer is a tyre breaker which usually comprises tyre cord coated with a vulcanisable rubber composition. If desired the tyre cord coating may contain an electroconductive filler.
If desired, regions such as the sidewalls of a tyre may also include an electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition and these regions may be useful for making electrical contact between external electrodes and one or more electroconductive fillercontaining rubber compositions within the assembly.
Since electrically conductive rubber has a resistance which decreases with increase in temperature, particularly in the case of an unvulcanised rubber at temperatures below its vulcanising temperature, it is desirable that the temperature of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition is raised before an electric current is passed through it to avoid local high current and overheating developing from initial small differences of temperature. Thus by heating the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition and/or one or more compositions adjacent to it, the same amount of current can be obtained at a lower voltage because of the decreased resistance of the heated rubber layer.
At least one of the rubber compositions in the assembly may be heated while current is passed through the electroconductive fillercontaining rubber composition. The voltage supplied may be decreased as the temperature of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition increases because of the decrease in resistance of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition.
The resistivity of the or each electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition is preferably less than 104 ohm.cm and more preferably less than 102 ohm.cm.
Examples of suitable electroconductive fillers include carbonaceous materials such as acetylenic blacks or other conductive carbon blacks and carbon fibres. An example of a highly conductive carbon black is that available as Ketjen black EC from Akzo Chemie
Nederland BV. Alternatively, metal-coated fillers, e.g. metal-coated staple fibres, may be used.
The amount of electroconductive filler incorporated in a rubber composition suitable for use in the method of the present invention will depend on the particular filler selected. For example, if a highly conductive carbon black such as Ketjen EC black is selected it may be used in an amount between 5 and 35 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of rubber and preferably between 10 and 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of rubber. If an acetylenic black is selected it may be used in an amount of between 35 and 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of rubber and preferably between 55 and 85 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of rubber.
Examples of suitable rubbers are those based on unsaturated hydrocarbons e.g. natural rubber, SBR (styrene/butadien'e rubber), ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymers, cis-polyisoprene, polybutadiene and butyl rubber or a blend of any of these.
The rubber compositions may contain any of the conventional compounding and vulcanising ingredients, e.g. fillers (e.g. other carbon blacks), accelerators and anti-oxidants, and may contain bond-promoting ingredients such as resin-forming ingredients, particularly aldehyde condensation resin-forming ingredients (e.g. resorcinol and hexamethylene tetramine). Any of the rubber compositions may be reinforced e.g. with a textile or a metal such as steel. An example of a suitable reinforcement is a tyre cord.
The current may be passed through the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition by means of electrodes applied to the or at least one of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber compositions. These electrodes may be situated e.g. about the circumference of the tyre tread and/or sidewalls and may have the same current passed through all of them. Alternatively different currents could be passed through electrodes in various segments of the tyre in order to produce differential heating.
One embodiment of the present invention comprises (a) constructing a tyre carcass having circumferential bands of an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable rubber composition on its shoulder regions, e.g. by winding strips of the rubber composition onto the carcass, and vulcanising the carcass, (b) applying circumferentially, e.g.
by strip winding or in sheet form, a layer of vulcanisable undertread rubber composition over the crown of the carcass between the bands of electroconductive filler-containing vulcanised rubber composition (the undertread rubber composition possibly being formulated so that it has suitable properties in view of its position in the tyre, e.g. low heat builci-up), (c) if desired, freshening the surface of the bands of electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition by applying an electroconductive filler-containing rubber solution, (d) applying, e.g. by strip winding or in sheet form, an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable rubber composition over the undertread rubber composition and part of each band of electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition, (e) applying a vulcanisable tread to the assembly, and (f) subjecting the tyre in a mould to conditions which include passing an electric current through the electroconductive filler-containing rubber compositions by means of electrodes, e.g. of steel, which are in contact with the vulcanised bands of electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition such that the vulcanisable rubber compositions are vulcanised and the tyre assembly is bonded. The mould may be heated and a heated inflation means, e.g. a heated curing bag, may be located within the tyre assembly. At least one of the rubber compositions may be heated before current is passed through the electroconductive filler containing rubber compositions.
A further embodiment of the present invention comprises preparing a sheet of an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable or vulcanised rubber composition by calendering and laying it between a vulcanisable tread and a vulcanisable rubber composition on a vulcanised carcass such that a narrow ring of the sheet protrudes at the edges around the shoulder region of the tyre.
This assembly is then pressurised in a suitable mould so that the components are consolidated in a radial direction. Two circular electrodes which may suitably be of steel are clamped over the protruding electroconductive sheet edges on either side of the tyre and an electric current is passed through the electroconductive sheet to heat it to at least the highest vulcanising temperature of the rubber compositions. The temperature is maintained until the vulcanisable compositions are vulcanised and the assembly is bonded. The electrodes are then removed and the sheet edges are trimmed to a smooth finish.
By way of further example, a sheet of an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable rubber composition is prepared by calendering and laid between a vulcanised rubber tread and a vulcanised rubber carcass such that a narrow ring of the sheet protrudes at the edges around the shoulder region of the tyre. The assembly is then pressurised in a suitable mould so that the components are consolidated in a radial direction. Two circular electrodes which may suitably be of steel are clamped over the protruding conductive sheet edges on either side of the tyre and an electric current is passed through the electroconductive sheet to heat it to at least its vulcanising temperature.
The temperature is maintained until the sheet is sugstantially vulcanised and the assembly is bonded. The electrodes are then removed and the sheet edges are trimmed to a smooth finish.
The method of the present invention may be used in the "re-lugging" and the retreading of tyres e.g. earthmover tyres in which case the carcass will be a used, serviceable vulcanised carcass and may have a breaker upon it.
By using the method of the present invention, and particularly when external heat is applied to the assembly, a more uniform vulcanisation and a better bond is usually obtained compared to conventional tyre construction methods. It has also been found that the vulcanisation time may be cut, e.g. in the case of an earthmover tyre from 9 hours to 3 hours. In an experiment performed according to the method of the present invention and using a heated mould in a hydraulic press to make a tyre from a vulcanised carcass component, vulcanisable undertread, electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition and tread component, the period from application of electrical power to removal from the press of the tyre was 100 minutes compared to 245 minutes when no electrical power was used.In both cases the temperature of the mould was 150 to 155"C and a diaphragm within the tyre was at a temperature of 95 to 100 C.
In another experiment performed, vulcanisable rubber layers were assembled with an interlayer of an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable rubber composition such that the thickness of the assembly was about the same as would be used in a run-flat tyre. It was found that a surprisingly small current (e.g. 2 amps at a maximum potential difference of 165 volts between electrodes 250 mm apart) was necessary in order to obtain a comparable level of vulcanisation in the central and outer regions of the assembly even when only a very thin sheet, e.g. of about 1.2 mm thickness, of electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition was used.
As it is often difficult when making a tyre to obtain an even state of vulcanisation throughout the tyre it may be desirable to have at least one electroconductive fillercontaining rubber composition at about the centre of the assembly.
"KETJEN" is a registered Trade Mark.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A method of making a tyre comprises assembling a vulcanisable rubber tread component with a carcass component which comprises a vulcanised and/or vulcanisable rubber, with or without one or more other components of the tyre between them and heating the assembly to bond the components together whereby at least some of the heat is produced by passing an electric current through at least one electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition in the assembly.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least one of two adjacent components to be bonded is vulcanisable and is vulcanised by the heat to produce a bond between the components.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the carcass is prevulcanised.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the carcass is a used, serviceable carcass.
5. A method according to claim 4 wherein the carcass has a breaker upon it.
6. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition is assembled between the tread and the carcass.
7. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the treat contains an electroconductive filler.
8. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the carcass contains an electroconductive filler.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the casing plies of the carcass comprise tyre cord coated with an electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition.
10. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the sidewalls include an electroconductive filler.
I I. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one of the rubber compositions is heated before current is passed through the electroconductive fillercontaining rubber composition.
12. A method according to any preceding
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.electroconductive sheet to heat it to at least the highest vulcanising temperature of the rubber compositions. The temperature is maintained until the vulcanisable compositions are vulcanised and the assembly is bonded. The electrodes are then removed and the sheet edges are trimmed to a smooth finish.By way of further example, a sheet of an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable rubber composition is prepared by calendering and laid between a vulcanised rubber tread and a vulcanised rubber carcass such that a narrow ring of the sheet protrudes at the edges around the shoulder region of the tyre. The assembly is then pressurised in a suitable mould so that the components are consolidated in a radial direction. Two circular electrodes which may suitably be of steel are clamped over the protruding conductive sheet edges on either side of the tyre and an electric current is passed through the electroconductive sheet to heat it to at least its vulcanising temperature.The temperature is maintained until the sheet is sugstantially vulcanised and the assembly is bonded. The electrodes are then removed and the sheet edges are trimmed to a smooth finish.The method of the present invention may be used in the "re-lugging" and the retreading of tyres e.g. earthmover tyres in which case the carcass will be a used, serviceable vulcanised carcass and may have a breaker upon it.By using the method of the present invention, and particularly when external heat is applied to the assembly, a more uniform vulcanisation and a better bond is usually obtained compared to conventional tyre construction methods. It has also been found that the vulcanisation time may be cut, e.g. in the case of an earthmover tyre from 9 hours to 3 hours. In an experiment performed according to the method of the present invention and using a heated mould in a hydraulic press to make a tyre from a vulcanised carcass component, vulcanisable undertread, electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition and tread component, the period from application of electrical power to removal from the press of the tyre was 100 minutes compared to 245 minutes when no electrical power was used.In both cases the temperature of the mould was 150 to 155"C and a diaphragm within the tyre was at a temperature of 95 to 100 C.In another experiment performed, vulcanisable rubber layers were assembled with an interlayer of an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanisable rubber composition such that the thickness of the assembly was about the same as would be used in a run-flat tyre. It was found that a surprisingly small current (e.g. 2 amps at a maximum potential difference of 165 volts between electrodes 250 mm apart) was necessary in order to obtain a comparable level of vulcanisation in the central and outer regions of the assembly even when only a very thin sheet, e.g. of about 1.2 mm thickness, of electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition was used.As it is often difficult when making a tyre to obtain an even state of vulcanisation throughout the tyre it may be desirable to have at least one electroconductive fillercontaining rubber composition at about the centre of the assembly."KETJEN" is a registered Trade Mark.WHAT WE CLAIM IS:1. A method of making a tyre comprises assembling a vulcanisable rubber tread component with a carcass component which comprises a vulcanised and/or vulcanisable rubber, with or without one or more other components of the tyre between them and heating the assembly to bond the components together whereby at least some of the heat is produced by passing an electric current through at least one electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition in the assembly.2. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least one of two adjacent components to be bonded is vulcanisable and is vulcanised by the heat to produce a bond between the components.3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the carcass is prevulcanised.4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the carcass is a used, serviceable carcass.5. A method according to claim 4 wherein the carcass has a breaker upon it.6. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition is assembled between the tread and the carcass.7. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the treat contains an electroconductive filler.8. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the carcass contains an electroconductive filler.9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the casing plies of the carcass comprise tyre cord coated with an electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition.10. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the sidewalls include an electroconductive filler.I I. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one of the rubber compositions is heated before current is passed through the electroconductive fillercontaining rubber composition.12. A method according to any precedingclaim wherein the or at least one of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber compositions has a resistivity of less than I ohm.cni.13. A method according to claim 12 wherein each of the electroconductive fillercontaining rubber compositions has a resistivity of less than 104 ohm.cm.14. A method according to any of claims I to 11 wherein the or at least one of the electrocond uctive filler-containing rubber compositions has a resistivity of less than 102 ohm.cm.15. A method according to claim 14 wherein each electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition has a resistivity of less than 102 ohm.cm.16. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the or at least one of the rubber compositions is based upon the same or a different rubber selected from natural rubber, SBR, ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymers, cis-polyisoprene, polybutadiene, butyl rubber and mixtures of at least two of these rubbers.17. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the or at least one electroconductive filler comprises a carbonaceous material.18. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the or at least one electroconductive filler comprises carbon fibres.19. A method according to any of claims 1 to 17 wherein the or at least one electroconductive filler is a carbon black.20. A method according to claim 19 wherein the amount of electroconductive filler in the or at least one electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition is between 5 and 35 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.21. A method according to claim 19 wherein the amount of electroconductive filler in the or at least one electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition is between 10 and 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.22. A method according to claim 19 wherein the or at least one electroconductive filler is an acetylenic carbon black.23. A method according to claim 22 wherein the amount of electroconductive filler in the or at least one of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber compositions is between 35 and 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.24. A method according to claim 22 wherein the amount of electroconductive filler in the or at least one of the electroconductive filler-containing rubber compositions is between 55 and 85 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.25. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one of the rubber compositions contains at least one ingredient selected from fillers, antioxidants, vulcanising ingredients and resin-forming ingredients.25. A method according to claim 25 wherein the resin-forming ingredients comprise aldehyde condensation resin-forming ingredients.27. A method according to claim 26 wherein the resin-forming ingredients comprise resorcinol and hexamethylene tetramine.28. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the, or at least one of the, electroconductive filler-containing rubber compositions is vulcanisable.29. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the assembly is heated while current is passed through the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition.30. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one layer of a vulcanisable rubber composition is applied between the tread and the carcass.31. A method according to claim 30 wherein the or at least one of the layers comprises an electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition.32. A method according to any preceding claim wherein at least one of the components is reinforced with textile or metal.33. A method according to claim 32 wherein the reinforcement comprises tyre cord.34. A method according to any of claims 30 to 33 wherein a tyre breaker is included in the assembly.35. A method according to any of claims 30 to 34 wherein a vulcanisable undertread rubber composition is applied between the tread and the carcass, the carcass having an electroconductive filler-containing vulcanised rubber composition on its shoulder regions.36. A method according to claim 35 wherein the undertread rubber composition is situated substantially between the shoulder regions of the carcass.37. A method according to claim 35 or 36 wherein an electroconductive filler-containing rubber solution is applied to the electroconductive filler-containing rubber composition on the shoulder regions of the carcass before the tread is assembled therewith.38. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the voltage is reduced as the temperature of the electroconductive filler containing rubber composition increases.39. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the tread is in the form of lugs.40. A method of making a tyre according to claim 1 and substantially as described herein.41. A tyre made by the method according to any of claims 1 to 40.42. A tyre according to claim 41 which is an earthmover tyre.43. A tyre according to claim 41 which is a run-flat tyre.
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4813/77A GB1592661A (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1977-02-05 | Method of making tyres |
| ZA00780308A ZA78308B (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-01-17 | Method of making tyres |
| BR7800520A BR7800520A (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-01-27 | PNEUMATIC MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
| JP53009207A JPS5949905B2 (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-01-30 | Tire manufacturing method |
| LU78968A LU78968A1 (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-01-31 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING TIRES |
| DE19782804663 DE2804663A1 (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-02-03 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING WHEEL TIRES |
| ES466623A ES466623A1 (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-02-03 | Method of making tyres |
| IT19936/78A IT1093804B (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-02-03 | MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR TIRES |
| FR7803201A FR2379371A1 (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1978-02-06 | TIRE MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4813/77A GB1592661A (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1977-02-05 | Method of making tyres |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1592661A true GB1592661A (en) | 1981-07-08 |
Family
ID=9784296
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4813/77A Expired GB1592661A (en) | 1977-02-05 | 1977-02-05 | Method of making tyres |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5949905B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7800520A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2804663A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES466623A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2379371A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1592661A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1093804B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU78968A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA78308B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0924242A2 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-23 | Hummel, Klaus, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. | Process for improving the adhesion of vulcanised rubber to copper alloys and to aluminum or aluminum alloys |
| FR3015348A1 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-26 | Michelin & Cie | METHOD FOR RECHAPING A PNEUMATIC TIRE BY JULY EFFECT |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5926238A (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1984-02-10 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Manufacture of rubber fender |
| WO2013029974A1 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | Kraiburg Austria Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and apparatus for retreading a vehicle tire and tread for use in said method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1339736A (en) * | 1919-05-23 | 1920-05-11 | Electric Vulcanizing Rubber Co | Apparatus for vulcanizing rubber and method of making same |
| GB545807A (en) * | 1940-11-11 | 1942-06-15 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Improvements in vulcanising rubber articles |
| US3348640A (en) * | 1964-10-29 | 1967-10-24 | Rockwell Standard Co | Laminated articles and methods of bonding and debonding therefor |
| US3922415A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1975-11-25 | Electra Bond Inc | Process of tire recapping and cushion therefor |
| US3894897A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1975-07-15 | Electra Bond Inc | Tire recapping process and apparatus |
| GB1477317A (en) * | 1974-12-16 | 1977-06-22 | Beverley Ltd | Tyre tread bands or lugs |
-
1977
- 1977-02-05 GB GB4813/77A patent/GB1592661A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-01-17 ZA ZA00780308A patent/ZA78308B/en unknown
- 1978-01-27 BR BR7800520A patent/BR7800520A/en unknown
- 1978-01-30 JP JP53009207A patent/JPS5949905B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-01-31 LU LU78968A patent/LU78968A1/en unknown
- 1978-02-03 ES ES466623A patent/ES466623A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-02-03 IT IT19936/78A patent/IT1093804B/en active
- 1978-02-03 DE DE19782804663 patent/DE2804663A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-02-06 FR FR7803201A patent/FR2379371A1/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0924242A2 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-23 | Hummel, Klaus, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. | Process for improving the adhesion of vulcanised rubber to copper alloys and to aluminum or aluminum alloys |
| EP0924242A3 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2000-07-12 | Hummel, Klaus, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. | Process for improving the adhesion of vulcanised rubber to copper alloys and to aluminum or aluminum alloys |
| FR3015348A1 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-26 | Michelin & Cie | METHOD FOR RECHAPING A PNEUMATIC TIRE BY JULY EFFECT |
| WO2015097376A1 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-02 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Method for retreading a tyre using a dual heating effect |
| US11130303B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2021-09-28 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Method for retreading a tire using a dual heating effect |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7800520A (en) | 1978-09-12 |
| FR2379371A1 (en) | 1978-09-01 |
| JPS5397072A (en) | 1978-08-24 |
| ES466623A1 (en) | 1978-10-01 |
| IT1093804B (en) | 1985-07-26 |
| IT7819936A0 (en) | 1978-02-03 |
| ZA78308B (en) | 1978-12-27 |
| LU78968A1 (en) | 1978-06-21 |
| JPS5949905B2 (en) | 1984-12-05 |
| DE2804663A1 (en) | 1978-08-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |