GB1590742A - Filter material in particle or plate or slab form - Google Patents
Filter material in particle or plate or slab form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1590742A GB1590742A GB4079477A GB4079477A GB1590742A GB 1590742 A GB1590742 A GB 1590742A GB 4079477 A GB4079477 A GB 4079477A GB 4079477 A GB4079477 A GB 4079477A GB 1590742 A GB1590742 A GB 1590742A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- filter material
- moisture
- scale divisions
- filter
- inert carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/06—Inorganic material, e.g. asbestos fibres, glass beads or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/045—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing sulfur, e.g. sulfates, thiosulfates, gypsum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/046—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
Description
(54) FILTER MATERIAL IN PARTICLE OR PLATE OR SLAB FORM
(71) We, LICENTIA-PATENTVERWALTUNGS GmbH, of Theodor-Stern Kai 1,
Frankfurt am Main, West Germany, a German Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to a filter material in particle or plate or slab form, for filtering alkaline gases or vapours, especially for the chemosorptive removal of alkaline odorants contained in air, amines of the type NR3, NHR2 and NH2R, (where R is an organic radical, e.g. an alkyl radical) which filter material is based on at least one moisture-storing and chemosorptive acid component.
In a known filter material of this type, used in particular for kitchen vapour extractor units, the moisture-storing component consists of silica gel and the chemosorptive substance consists of Na1O Ca3 (S04)8 x 6 H20. Manufacture is carried out by pelletizing these components with the addition of a binder.
Unsatisfactory features of these and similar products are that on the one hand they are expensive to produce, and on the other hand they cannot be adapted to different fields of use having different moisture contents. The rapid reduction in the absorption power is also particularly noted. Finally, pelletized products have the disadvantage that the relatively expensive chemically active component in the core regions of the particles is not utilised.
The main object of the present invention is to provide a product that is improved especially as regards simplified production, utilisation of the content of chemosorbents, and long lifetimes.
The aforementioned object is achieved in accordance with the invention if the moisture storage of the acid component(s) is reversible in the sense of a moisture equilibrium, and at least 50% by weight of the said component(s) is a reaction product which is basically prepared from a melt of H2S04, H20 and Na2SO4 and contains NaNSO4 x 1/2 H20 as main constituent.
An inert carrier with a particle size of approximately 3 to 10 mm diameter has proved particularly advantageous with regard to combining low flow resistance with sufficient absorption activity.
Depending on the field of use of the filter material, it may be recommended to add a component, preferably magnesium chloride, that displaces the moisture equilibrium determined by NaH S04 x 1/2 H20. A mixture of several such components is of course also conceivable.
For many applications, in particular for removing kitchen smells, it is advantageous to add other chemosorbents. In this context activated charcoal should be mentioned first, which not only absorbs further odorous components but is above all capable of absorbing peak loads.
The filter material may be made in particle or plate or slab form, by reacting sodium sulphate, sulphuric acid, water and lime as a foaming agent, with the formation of a selfsupporting framework. In this case, an inert carrier component can be dispensed with. With a suitable production it is moreover possible to obtain plates of sufficient strength and having the necessary dimensions for cooking-odour filters. The porosity can be adjusted so that it is satisfactory both with regard to the throughput resistance and also in particular with regard to the utilisation of the active substances. Plates with thicknesses of up to about 10 cm can be produced.
The use of sodium bisulphate as acid component in chemosorbents is already known.
However, the significance of the content of water of crystallisation, as has been shown in numerous tests forming the basis of the invention, was not known. The following Table shows the surprising superiority in the case where NaH SO4 x 1/2 H20 is used.
The values shown in the Table were obtained under the following experimental conditions, using a recycling apparatus:
Temperature 26"C Moisture 60% relative
Recycling apparatus volume 20 1
Circulation rate 10 sec
Filter layer thickness 50 mm
Grain size 1 - 6 mm
Injection 3 ml triethylamine to
evaporator, 80"C Indication by gas-sensitive semiconductor
Table
Filter Maximum odour Half-life Comments
material concentration of odour after
filtering
7.1 Scale divisions 55 min Natural
decomposition NaHSO4 7.0 Scale divisions 14 min Beginning of
the reaction
delayed NaHSO4xO.25H20 6.5 Scale divisions 8 min NaHSO4xO.5H20 6.0 Scale divisions 2.3 min NaHSO4xO.75H20 6.7 Scale divisions 6 min Adheres NaHSO4xH20 6.8 Scale divisions 10 min Deliquescent
It is therefore particularly important to use the specified components, i.e. water, sulphuric acid and sodium sulphate, in such amounts that NaH SO4 x 1/2 H20 is formed as the main component, as this material gives the fastest and most complete absorption, as the Table shows.
A multiplicity of substances can be used as inert carrier. Porous concrete, inflated mica, glass waste and sand and gravel, as long as they have a sufficiently low bulk density, may in particular be mentioned.
The main areas of use of the filter materials according to the invention are, in addition to kitchen and catering uses, other areas in which odours and smells have to be removed, such as claririfation plants, waste gas chimneys, and stables.
A typical composition of a melt to be applied to an inert carrier material to produce a filter material according to the invention is as follows:
1 - 1.1 kg H2SO4, concentrated, technical
1.4 kg Na2SO4, dried, technical
140 - 250 g H20, depending on the intrinsic
moisture of the carrier
20 - 50 g MgO/MgCl2 mixture
and/or CaS04. 1/2 H20 In the case of the production of an expanded or foamed filter material having a selfsupporting framework, the following composition may preferably be used: per kg of the above-specified composition acidified to excess with H2SO4: 10 g CaSO4.1/2 H20 0.1 g "Tylose" (Registered Trade Mark) (Water-soluble cellulose ether) 20 - 50 g CaCO3 or dolomite
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A filter material in particle form for alkaline gases or vapours, comprising an inert carrier combined with at least one moisture-storing and chemosorptive acid component having a reversibly changeable equilibrium moisture content, at least 50% of the said component(s) being a reaction product containing NaHSO4.+H20 as its main constituent and prepared from a melt containing H2S04, H20 and Na2SO4.
2. A filter material as claimed in claim 1 in which the inert carrier has a particle size of approximately 3 to 10 mm.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.However, the significance of the content of water of crystallisation, as has been shown in numerous tests forming the basis of the invention, was not known. The following Table shows the surprising superiority in the case where NaH SO4 x 1/2 H20 is used.The values shown in the Table were obtained under the following experimental conditions, using a recycling apparatus: Temperature 26"C Moisture 60% relative Recycling apparatus volume 20 1 Circulation rate 10 sec Filter layer thickness 50 mm Grain size 1 - 6 mm Injection 3 ml triethylamine to evaporator, 80"C Indication by gas-sensitive semiconductor Table Filter Maximum odour Half-life Comments material concentration of odour after filtering7.1 Scale divisions 55 min Natural decomposition NaHSO4 7.0 Scale divisions 14 min Beginning of the reaction delayed NaHSO4xO.25H20 6.5 Scale divisions 8 min NaHSO4xO.5H20 6.0 Scale divisions 2.3 min NaHSO4xO.75H20 6.7 Scale divisions 6 min Adheres NaHSO4xH20 6.8 Scale divisions 10 min Deliquescent It is therefore particularly important to use the specified components, i.e. water, sulphuric acid and sodium sulphate, in such amounts that NaH SO4 x 1/2 H20 is formed as the main component, as this material gives the fastest and most complete absorption, as the Table shows.A multiplicity of substances can be used as inert carrier. Porous concrete, inflated mica, glass waste and sand and gravel, as long as they have a sufficiently low bulk density, may in particular be mentioned.The main areas of use of the filter materials according to the invention are, in addition to kitchen and catering uses, other areas in which odours and smells have to be removed, such as claririfation plants, waste gas chimneys, and stables.A typical composition of a melt to be applied to an inert carrier material to produce a filter material according to the invention is as follows: 1 - 1.1 kg H2SO4, concentrated, technical1.4 kg Na2SO4, dried, technical 140 - 250 g H20, depending on the intrinsic moisture of the carrier 20 - 50 g MgO/MgCl2 mixture and/or CaS04. 1/2 H20 In the case of the production of an expanded or foamed filter material having a selfsupporting framework, the following composition may preferably be used: per kg of the above-specified composition acidified to excess with H2SO4: 10 g CaSO4.1/2 H20 0.1 g "Tylose" (Registered Trade Mark) (Water-soluble cellulose ether) 20 - 50 g CaCO3 or dolomite WHAT WE CLAIM IS:1. A filter material in particle form for alkaline gases or vapours, comprising an inert carrier combined with at least one moisture-storing and chemosorptive acid component having a reversibly changeable equilibrium moisture content, at least 50% of the said component(s) being a reaction product containing NaHSO4.+H20 as its main constituent and prepared from a melt containing H2S04, H20 and Na2SO4.2. A filter material as claimed in claim 1 in which the inert carrier has a particle size of approximately 3 to 10 mm.3. A filter material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 including a further component whichdisplaces the moisture equilibrium determined by the NaHSO4.+H20.4. A filter material as claimed in claim 3 in which the further material is magnesium chloride.5. A filter material as claimed in any preceding claim further including activated charcoal.6. A filter material in particle, plate, or slab form, for filtering alkaline gases or vapours, which comprises a self-supporting framework containing a moisture-storing and chemosorptive acid component having a reversibly changeable equilibrium moisture content comprising a reaction product containing Na HSO4, iH20 as its main constituent and prepared by reacting H2SO4, H20, Na2SO4 and lime as a foaming agent.7. A filter material as claimed in claim 6 in the form of a plate 10 cm thick.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762644623 DE2644623C3 (en) | 1976-10-02 | 1976-10-02 | Filter material in particle or plate form |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1590742A true GB1590742A (en) | 1981-06-10 |
Family
ID=5989556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4079477A Expired GB1590742A (en) | 1976-10-02 | 1977-09-30 | Filter material in particle or plate or slab form |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | ATA696977A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE859317A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2644623C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2366051A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1590742A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7710643A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2598414A (en) * | 1946-04-19 | 1952-05-27 | Addressograph Multigraph | Pivotal frame mounting structure for offset printing machine cylinders |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1713251A (en) * | 1927-08-10 | 1929-05-14 | Jr Henry Blumenberg | Filtering material |
| DE1018297B (en) * | 1955-09-05 | 1957-10-24 | Walter Rothe | Process for deodorising the exhaust gases in fishmeal and fish oil production |
| US3533942A (en) * | 1968-04-29 | 1970-10-13 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Process for loading expanded water-solution hydrate salt particles |
| US4070300A (en) * | 1973-06-09 | 1978-01-24 | Collo Gmbh | Pourable solid filter material, particularly for the removal of unpleasant odors from the air, and a process for its manufacture |
| DE2501294A1 (en) * | 1975-01-15 | 1976-07-22 | Collo Gmbh | Chemosorptive filtering material for purification of air - produced from bisulphate, gypsum and water glass |
-
1976
- 1976-10-02 DE DE19762644623 patent/DE2644623C3/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-09-29 NL NL7710643A patent/NL7710643A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-29 AT AT696977A patent/ATA696977A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-30 GB GB4079477A patent/GB1590742A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-30 FR FR7729579A patent/FR2366051A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-10-03 BE BE181404A patent/BE859317A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2598414A (en) * | 1946-04-19 | 1952-05-27 | Addressograph Multigraph | Pivotal frame mounting structure for offset printing machine cylinders |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA696977A (en) | 1981-10-15 |
| FR2366051A1 (en) | 1978-04-28 |
| NL7710643A (en) | 1978-04-04 |
| DE2644623A1 (en) | 1978-04-06 |
| DE2644623B2 (en) | 1980-01-24 |
| BE859317A (en) | 1978-02-01 |
| DE2644623C3 (en) | 1980-09-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |