JPH10305225A - Adsorptive ceramic - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the powdering of an activated carbon fine powder from the surface of an activated carbon ceramic by sticking a covering material on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic so that the surface is exposed in places. SOLUTION: The activated carbon ceramic 1 has a structure that the activated carbon powder and an anti-bacterial metal composed of at least one kind of silver, copper or zinc oxide are mixed in a porous ceramic structural body. The producing method is, for example, by mixing powder of a mineral forming a ceramic, a coconut husk activated carbon powder and copper powder to make into clay-like state and firing. The covering material 2 is fused in places on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1. As the covering material 2, a synthetic resin fusing at a relatively high temp. is preferably used. The fused resin is dispersed on the surface of the activated ceramic and formed into spot-like state. As a result, the activated carbon on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic is prevented from directly rubbing with each other and the powdering of the activated carbon is reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorptive ceramic having improved adsorptive performance by using both physical adsorption of activated carbon and physical adsorption of a porous ceramic.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Activated carbon has been widely used as a physical adsorbent for adsorbing and purifying foreign substances contained in water and gas. Activated carbon is a carbonaceous adsorbent made from sawdust, coconut shell, charcoal, coal, etc., and activated with steam, zinc chloride, etc., and has a specific surface area of 700 to 2,000 m ² / g.
It has excellent adsorption performance because of its existence, and in particular, is mainly composed of micropores having a pore diameter of 10 A or less, and thus adsorbs a substance having a small molecular weight well. Moreover, since it can be manufactured at low cost, it is widely used in industrial to consumer applications, such as odor removal at water purification plants and various factories, solvent recovery, indoor air purification, refrigerator deodorants, and tobacco filters.

[0003] However, activated carbon has the following disadvantages. In other words, activated carbon preferentially adsorbs non-polar hydrocarbons because its main component is carbon.Organic substances such as trimethylamine, mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide, and amines having an inorganic gas, a saturated fatty acid, and a benzene ring Has a property that it is difficult to adsorb low molecular weight, highly polar substances such as inorganic ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and aldehydes. In addition, since activated carbon is hydrophobic, it is difficult to adsorb substances having a high water content, such as the above-mentioned ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Furthermore, the molecular weight is 800 to 10 due to the development of micropores in the pores.
A substance having a molecular weight of about 00 adsorbs well, but a substance having a molecular weight of 1500 or more tends to have an extremely slow adsorption rate.

[0004] Further, the activated carbon is in the form of crushed powder or granules, and must be handled in a container or bag, and cannot be formed into a shape suitable for the intended use. That is, there is a problem that activated carbon cannot be formed into an arbitrary shape. Conventionally, activated carbon has been solidified (JP-A-63-230168, etc.), but this is obtained by solidifying activated carbon with a binder. However, this requires a large amount of binder to be mixed in order to keep the activated carbon solidified, and this binder closes the pores of activated carbon and reduces the adsorption function of activated carbon. There is.

[0005] In view of the above, the present inventor has developed an activated carbon ceramic in which activated carbon is mixed with ceramic and baked. This activated carbon ceramic is disclosed in JP-A-8-17379.
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 8 (1994) -108, a porous ceramic structure has activated carbon retained thereon, and further has a structure in which an antibacterial metal is mixed. That is, the activated carbon ceramic has a structure in which activated carbon and silver powder are dispersed in voids of a ceramic structure.

[0006] Such activated carbon ceramics have both the adsorbing action of the porous ceramic and the adsorbing action of the activated carbon. That is, since the ceramic raw material is hydrophilic, it absorbs a substance having a large polarity such as moisture. Further, since the porous ceramic has a large pore diameter, it has high adsorption performance even for substances having a molecular weight of 1500 or more, and also adsorbs low-molecular-weight substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and aldehydes. On the other hand, since activated carbon micropores are alive at the same time, it has a high adsorptive power even for substances having a molecular weight of about 800 to 1200, and has non-polar hydrocarbons, inorganic gases,
High adsorption power for saturated fatty acids and amines. Therefore, the activated carbon ceramic can adsorb substances that cannot be adsorbed by activated carbon in addition to substances that can be adsorbed by activated carbon, and the adsorption performance is greatly improved. On the other hand, the activated carbon ceramic has a structure in which the ceramic structure firmly holds activated carbon and silver powder, and furthermore, the mineral powder and the activated carbon powder constituting the ceramic structure do not fuse with each other. Glued. For this reason,
The activated carbon can be solidified, and the collapse of the activated carbon can be prevented. Therefore, there is an advantage that solidification such as granular, spherical, cylindrical, cylindrical, cubic, and rectangular parallelepiped can be performed, and an activated carbon ceramic of any shape and size can be obtained.

Further, in the activated carbon ceramic, since the antibacterial metal silver is dispersed in the ceramic structure, the propagation of bacteria in the pores is suppressed, and the pores are prevented from becoming a dwelling place for bacteria. There are advantages too.

[0008]

However, in the activated carbon ceramics described in the above publication, the activated carbon is exposed on the surface. Therefore, when the activated carbon and the activated carbon ceramic rub against each other during handling or transportation, the surface of the activated carbon ceramic is rubbed by friction. Activated carbon was sometimes peeled or rubbed to generate fine powder. That is, activated carbon powder may fall off. In particular, the greater the amount of activated carbon mixed, the greater the amount of activated carbon exposed on the surface.

[0009] Such fine powder of activated carbon has a problem in that it is attached to an operator's hand during handling and soils his / her hands, and adheres to the inner surface of a container or bag containing the activated carbon and stains the container or bag. In addition, when used in water or the like, there is a problem that the fine powder flows out immediately after the start of use and black and dirty water is generated.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an adsorbed ceramic in which fine powder of activated carbon is prevented from falling off the surface of activated carbon ceramic. is there.

[0011]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a coating material is attached to the surface of an activated carbon ceramic in which activated carbon is supported on a porous ceramic structure so that this surface is exposed to some extent. It is characterized by the following.

Here, the term “adhesion” includes gluing, welding, and the like. The term “covering the surface of the activated carbon ceramic so as to be exposed in some places” means that when the coating material is adhered to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic in a spot-like manner, It is practical to attach in the form of a stripe or to a stripe pattern including a spiral.

With such a configuration, since the surface of the activated carbon ceramic is covered with the coating material, the activated carbon in this portion is not exposed to the outer surface, and powdering of the activated carbon is reduced. In addition, since the coating material covers portions of the surface of the activated carbon ceramic, gas or liquid such as tap water penetrates into the interior of the activated carbon ceramic from the surface where the coating material does not exist. This traps impurities mixed with the gas or liquid.

As the coating material, coal tar, pitch,
Adhesives such as starch and molasses and other adhesives can be used. In particular, if a resin that melts at a predetermined temperature is used, the resin is coated on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic, and then heated to fuse the resin on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic.

The activated carbon ceramic may have a mixing ratio of activated carbon of 30% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less, and in particular, the higher the mixing ratio of activated carbon, the more powder falls on the surface, so that the application of the present invention is effective.

By mixing activated carbon ceramic with an antibacterial metal such as silver or zinc, it is possible to suppress the growth of bacteria that have penetrated into the pores of the activated carbon or ceramic, and to prevent these pores from becoming bacteria dwellers. Can be prevented.

Further, iron, cobalt,
If a magnetic metal such as nickel or gadolinium is carried, the adsorbed ceramic can be adsorbed by magnetic force, and a large amount of material can be easily transported. Therefore, for example, the work becomes convenient when handling a large amount in a water purification plant or a sewage treatment plant.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is an external side view of an adsorption ceramic according to a first embodiment. The adsorption ceramic of this embodiment has a spherical shape with an outer diameter of 3 to 20 mm. Reference numeral 1 denotes a spherical activated carbon ceramic, and reference numeral 2 denotes a coating material welded to the surface thereof.

The activated carbon ceramic 1 has a structure in which activated carbon powder and an antibacterial metal made of at least one of silver, copper and zinc oxide are mixed with a porous ceramic structure. This is, for example, a powder of a mineral that forms a ceramic, a powder of a coconut shell activated carbon, and a powder of silver, knead the mixed powder with water to form a clay, and crush it into a predetermined size.
For example, it can be manufactured by molding into a spherical shape having a diameter of 5 mm and firing it at a predetermined temperature.

The activated carbon ceramic 1 of this embodiment has a ceramic structure of 29.5% by weight and a coconut shell activated carbon powder of 7%.
0% by weight and 0.5% by weight of silver are mixed. The average pore diameter of the activated carbon ceramic 1 is 15 to
30A. The ceramic structure has silicon oxide SiO ₂ and aluminum oxide Al ₂ O ₃ as main components,
In addition, an ore powder containing at least an oxide of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal, for example, sodium oxide Na ₂ O, potassium oxide K ₂ O, and calcium oxide CaO is used as a raw material.

The coating material 2 is welded to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 as described above. The covering material 2 is preferably made of a synthetic resin that melts at a relatively high temperature, for example, polyester, polyimide, fluororesin or the like having a melting point of 150 ° C. or higher. Such a resin is formed into particles having a size of about 1/5 to 1/20 with respect to the particles of the activated carbon ceramic 1, and the resin particles are mottled on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1.
Heat at a temperature above the melting point of the resin. Then, the resin particles on the surface are melted, deformed into a starfish shape, and welded to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1.

Such a welding resin is dispersed on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 to form spots. Therefore, the activated carbon ceramic 1
Surface is exposed.

The operation of the adsorbing ceramic having such a configuration will be described. Fig. 1 formed into a spherical shape with a diameter of about 5 mm
The adsorbing ceramic of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is stored in a mesh bag or a plastic case having a water-permeable (porous) hole in which several to several tens of particles are used, for example, as a filter material for tap water. When such an adsorbed ceramic is immersed in water, the coating material 2 provided on the surface is spotted and welded, so that water enters the activated carbon ceramic 1 from the surface where the coating material 2 does not exist. Since the activated carbon ceramic 1 has a porous structure, tap water enters the pores of the activated carbon ceramic 1. Therefore, various impurities contained in water, for example, pollutants such as metals including iron rust, odorous substances such as dissolved pesticides, molds, viruses, and ammonia are adsorbed on the activated carbon ceramic 1.

In this case, since the activated carbon ceramic 1 has the activated carbon powder dispersed and supported on the ceramic, the fine continuous pores mainly composed of micropores having a pore diameter of 10 A or less, which the activated carbon has, are formed of metal or the like. Pollutants, dissolved pesticides,
Adsorbs mold, virus, etc., and trimethylamine,
Captures organic substances such as methylcaptan and dimethyl sulfide. Activated carbon ceramic 1 has a porous ceramic portion and thus has a pore diameter larger than the pores of activated carbon itself, and is also hydrophilic, so that relatively large substances and inorganic ammonia which cannot be removed by activated carbon. Even low-molecular-weight, highly polar substances such as hydrogen sulfide and aldehydes are well adsorbed.

Therefore, this adsorbing ceramic is superior in adsorbing performance as compared with a conventional filter material made of activated carbon. Moreover, since the activated carbon ceramic 1 of the present embodiment contains an antibacterial metal such as silver dispersed therein, the bacteria and microorganisms adsorbed on the activated carbon ceramic 1 are prevented from growing in the pores of the activated carbon ceramic 1. be able to. That is, it is possible to prevent the inside of the pores of the activated carbon ceramic 1 from becoming a resident of bacteria.

In the adsorption ceramic of the first embodiment, since the coating material 2 is spot-welded on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1, the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 covered by the coating material 2 is made of activated carbon. Eliminates exposure, thus reducing powdering of activated carbon. Moreover, since the coating material 2 is welded to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1, although not shown in detail, the coating material 2 slightly rises above the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1,
Even if the adsorbing ceramics come into contact with each other, direct contact of the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 is reduced. Therefore, even if the adsorbed ceramics rub against each other during handling or transportation, the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 is prevented from contacting and the activated carbon is prevented from coming into direct contact with the activated carbon ceramic.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the worker's hands from being stained and the bag or the plastic container containing the adsorption ceramic from being stained, and to prevent problems such as water contamination due to activated carbon powder at the start of use.

It is desirable that the coating material 2 covers 40% to 70% of the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1.
If the coating material 2 covers less than 40% of the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1, the exposed amount of the activated carbon increases, and the powder tends to fall off.
Infiltration into the interior of the device, thereby deteriorating the adsorption performance.
Preferably, the coating material 2 has a thickness of 50 μm on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1.
% Or more and 60% or less.

In the above description, the case where the adsorbing ceramic is used as a filter material for tap water has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it can be used as a gas adsorbing filter or a deodorant. In the case of such a gas filter or deodorant, gas passes between the coating materials 2 and the activated carbon ceramic 1
And the impurities contained in the gas, for example, odor components, are adsorbed by the activated carbon ceramic 1 by the same action as described above.

Further, in the case of the first embodiment, an example in which antibacterial metals such as silver, copper, and zinc are mixed in the activated carbon ceramic 1 has been described. The structure is not limited to this, and the structure may not include the antibacterial metal.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to an external side view shown in FIG. The adsorption ceramic of the second embodiment is an example in which the coating material 2 is welded in a mesh shape. As the mesh covering material 2, it is preferable to use a resin mesh film that is heat-shrinkable and melts at a predetermined temperature or higher.

When the above-mentioned resin mesh film is put on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 and heated to a predetermined temperature, the film is thermally contracted and adheres to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1. Weld on the surface of ceramic 1.

Even with such a configuration, the activated carbon is not exposed on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic 1 at the portion covered with the coating material 2, thereby reducing powder falling of the activated carbon. Therefore, during handling and transportation, even if the adsorbed ceramics rub against each other, the powder of activated carbon is suppressed from falling, so that the hands of workers and the bags and plastic containers containing the adsorbed ceramics are not stained, In addition, it is possible to prevent problems such as generation of water stains due to activated carbon powder at the start of use.

Moreover, since water and gas enter the activated carbon ceramic 1 from the surface where the coating material 2 does not exist, various impurities contained in the water and gas, for example, pollutants such as metals including iron rust, dissolved pesticides, mold, etc. Odorous substances such as viruses, ammonia and the like are adsorbed by the activated carbon ceramic 1.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the external appearance of a third embodiment of the present invention.
This is an example in which the coating material 2 is welded in a striped pattern, for example, spirally.
As the spiral coating material 2, a resin thread or string that is heat-shrinkable and melts at a predetermined temperature or higher can be used.

Even with such a configuration, the activated carbon ceramic 1 at the portion covered with the coating material 2 is not exposed to the activated carbon, thereby reducing powder fall of the activated carbon. Therefore, even if the adsorbing ceramics rub against each other during handling or transportation, powdering of the activated carbon is suppressed, and the hands of the workers and the bags and the plastic containers containing the adsorbing ceramics are not stained.

In addition, since water and gas enter the activated carbon ceramic 1 from the surface where the coating material 2 does not exist, various impurities contained in the water and gas, such as pollutants such as metals including iron rust, dissolved pesticides, and molds. Odorous substances such as viruses, ammonia and the like are adsorbed by the activated carbon ceramic 1.

The adsorbing ceramic of each of the above embodiments can provide other functions in addition to the physical adsorbing action.

That is, this type of adsorbing ceramic is sometimes used as a filtering material in, for example, a water purification plant or a sewage treatment plant, and in such a case, it is used in a large amount of several kg or several tons. . When handling a large amount of adsorbed ceramics, for example, if it can be adsorbed by a large magnet, the work of putting in and taking out the septic tank becomes convenient. Therefore, if a magnetic metal is mixed and held in the adsorbing ceramic, it is possible to adsorb with a large magnet.

Explaining such an example, the activated carbon ceramic 1 of each embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 carries particles or powders made of a magnetic metal such as iron, cobalt, nickel or gadolinium, or The above magnetic metal is used as an ore serving as a ceramic raw material.

In this way, since the activated carbon ceramic 1 contains a magnetic metal, the adsorbed ceramic can be adsorbed by the magnet. Therefore, for example, when this adsorbing ceramic is used as a water filtering material in a water purification plant or a sewage treatment plant, if the adsorbing ceramic is adsorbed by a large magnet, the adsorbing ceramic can be transported by a magnet, and the loading operation and pulling up Handling such as work becomes convenient.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, the surface of the activated carbon ceramic is partially covered with the coating material, so that the activated carbon on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic is prevented from directly rubbing, and the powder of the activated carbon is reduced. You. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem that the fine powder of activated carbon adheres to the hands of the worker during handling and stains the hands, and adheres to the inner surface of the container or bag containing the activated carbon and soils the container or bag. When used in water or the like, it is possible to prevent problems such as fine powder flowing out immediately after the start of use and generation of black and dirty water. Moreover, the coating material does not cover the entire surface of the activated carbon ceramic but partially covers the activated carbon ceramic, so that the rate of inhibiting the adsorption action of the activated carbon ceramic is small.

[0042]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external side view of an adsorbed ceramic showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external side view of an adsorbed ceramic showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an external side view of an adsorbed ceramic showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Activated carbon ceramic 2. Coating material

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An activated carbon ceramic comprising activated porous carbon supported on a porous ceramic structure, and a coating material adhered to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic so that the surface is partially exposed. Adsorption ceramic. 2. The adsorptive ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the coating material is spotted on the surface of the activated carbon ceramic. 3. The adsorptive ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the coating material is attached to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic in a mesh pattern. 4. The adsorptive ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the coating material is attached to the surface of the activated carbon ceramic in a striped pattern. 5. The adsorption ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the coating material is a resin that melts when heated at a predetermined temperature or higher. 6. The adsorptive ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon ceramic has a mixing ratio of activated carbon of 30% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less. 7. The adsorption ceramic according to claim 1, wherein an antibacterial metal is mixed in the activated carbon ceramic. 8. The adsorption ceramic according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic metal is mixed in the activated carbon ceramic.