GB1573815A - Vibrator unit - Google Patents
Vibrator unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1573815A GB1573815A GB3357/77A GB335777A GB1573815A GB 1573815 A GB1573815 A GB 1573815A GB 3357/77 A GB3357/77 A GB 3357/77A GB 335777 A GB335777 A GB 335777A GB 1573815 A GB1573815 A GB 1573815A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- vibrator
- axis
- electrodes
- faces
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/54—Filters comprising resonators of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
- H03H9/56—Monolithic crystal filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/04—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using oscillators with electromechanical resonators producing electric oscillations or timing pulses
- G04F5/06—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using oscillators with electromechanical resonators producing electric oscillations or timing pulses using piezoelectric resonators
- G04F5/063—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/05—Holders; Supports
- H03H9/0595—Holders; Supports the holder support and resonator being formed in one body
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Abstract
The piezoelectric crystal vibrator, operating by thickness shearing, comprises a vibrating portion (1) provided with a plurality of electrodes (A1, A2) and a support portion (3) formed jointly with this vibrating portion. The support portion is formed as a single body with the vibrating portion and it has the shape of a "haft" extending outwards, laterally, from the ends of the vibrating portion. This vibrator is of high accuracy in frequency, small bulk and can be manufactured easily. It applies in a particularly advantageous manner in an electronic watch in the guise of reference element of standard frequency. <IMAGE>
Description
(54) VIBRATOR UNIT
(71) We, KABUSHIKI KAISHA
DAINI SEIKOSHA, a Japanese Company, of 31-1, 6-chome, Kameido, Koto-ku,
Tokyo, Japan, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to vibrator units.
Conventional thickness shear type piezoelectric crystal vibrators are made by a mechanical technique, e.g. machining, and so they are usually made disc-shaped.
However, such a disc-shaped vibrator has relatively large dimensions which make it unsuitable for use in wrist watches.
Recently, rectangular-shaped vibrators have been developed to overcome this problem, but the energy losses in support members for the vibrator are very large.
Thus if a rectangular-shaped vibrator is miniaturised, the performance is found to be inadequate. Moreover, the support members resonate or sub-vibrate with the vibrator so that the frequency-temperature characteristics are inferior.
According to the present invention there is provided a vibrator unit comprising a thickness shear type crystal vibrator having a plurality of electrodes, the vibrator being formed from a laminar plate obtained by firstly rotating a Y-cut plate through an angle between 0 and 25 about the Z axis and by secondly rotating the plate about an imaginary axis generated by the X-axis as a result of the first rotation, through an angle between -30" and -45" said electrodes being mounted on faces which are greater in size than the other faces and which are parallel to an imaginary axis generated by the Y-axis by said first and second rotations to apply an electric field in the direction of said latter imaginary axis.
The vibrator unit may include further electrodes mounted on faces which are perpendicular to the imaginary axis generated by the Y-axis by said first and second rotations.
The electrodes are preferably shaped by an etching technique.
Preferably the thickness of the vibrator in the direction of the mechanical axis is determined by a mechanical technique and thereafter the vibrator and support means are formed by an etching technique.
The vibrator unit may be formed integrally from the same piece of material as support means.
The invention is illustrated, merely by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of one form of conventional thickness shear type crystal vibrator;
Figure 2 shows a side view of a conventional vibrator unit;
Figure 3 illustrates the cutting angle of a conventional thickness shear type crystal vibrator
Figure 4 shows the electric field direction in a conventional thickness shear type crystal vibrator;
Figure 5 illustrates the cutting angle of one embodiment of a thickness shear type crystal vibrator of a vibrator unit according to the present invention;
Figure 6 shows the electric field direction in one embodiment of a thickness shear type crystal vibrator according to the present invention
Figure 7 illustrates a modification of the vibrator of Figures 5 and 6;;
Figure 8 shows a cutting angle of another form of thickness shear type crystal vibrator of a vibrator unit according to the present invention;
Figure 9 illustrates a thickness shear type crystal vibrator cut in the manner shown in
Figure 8:
Figure 10 consists of a plan view and a side view of a yet further embodiment of a vibrator unit according to the present invention:
Figure 11 illustrates the cutting angle of a thickness shear type crystal vibrator forming part of the vibrator unit of Figure 10; and
Figure 12 illustrates the vibrator of Figure 11 in greater detail.
In Figure 1 there is illustrated a conventional thickness shear type crystal vibrator 1 carrying electrodes 2 on opposite faces thereof. The vibrator 1 is disc-shaped and has the disadvantage that it is of relatively large size. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the vibrator of Figure 1 in greater detail.
Figure 2 illustrates a conventional modification of the vibrator 1, the modified vibrator being rectangular in shape. The vibrator of Figure 2 has the disadvantage that support members S therefor resonate or sub-vibrate and the frequency-temperature characteristics are poor. However, the vibrator of Figure 2 has the advantage over the vibrator of Figure 1 that it is of relatively small size. The support members S are relatively thin and so a vibrator unit composed of the vibrator of Figure 2 and the support members S is not particularly resistant to external shocks. In addition, the vibrator unit has to be made to a high degree of accuracy to minimise the effects of resonance or sub-vibration already discussed.
In summary, therefore, conventional vibrator units are unsatisfactory when used as time standards in wrist watches because of their size, their liability to damage as a result of external shocks, their resonance or sub-vibration problems and their relatively poor frequency-temperature characteristics.
Referring to Figures 5 and 6 there is shown one embodiment of a thickness shear type crystal vibrator of a vibrator unit according to the present invention.
The vibrator is cut from a laminar plate obtained by firstly rotating a Y-cut plate through an angle 020, where 02 is between 0 and 25 , about the Z-axis and subsequently
rotating the Y-cut plate through an angle 03 , where 03 is between -30" and 450, about the X'-axis which is an imaginary axis
generated, together with the Y'-axis, by the
first rotation through 020. The second
rotation generates the Z'-axis from the Z
axis and the Y"-axis from the Y'-axis. The
X-axis of the material of the vibrator 1' is the electrical axis, the Y-axis is the mechanical axis and the Z-axis is the optical axis. The vibrator 1' has faces la (Figure 6) which are parallel to the Y"-axis.
Electrodes A1 A2, B,, B2 are mounted on the faces la. When the electrodes A1, B1 receive a positive potential and the electrodes A2, B2 receive a negative potential an electric field (shown in broken lines) which is parallel to the Y"-axis is generated within the material of the vibrator. On the other hand, when the electrodes A1, B1 receive a negative potential and the electrodes A2, B2 receive a positive potential, an electric field (shown in solid lines) which is also parallel to the Y"axis is generated within the material of the vibrator.Thus when an alternating potential is applied to the electrodes A1, B,, A2, B2, electric fields alternating in direction and parallel to the Y"-axis are generated within the material of the vibrator to cause thickness shear vibrations.
The frequency of vibration of the vibrator 1' is determined by the thickness in the direction of the Y"-axis. Since the thickness in the direction of the Y"-axis may be freely chosen, the vibrator 1' may have any desired frequency of vibration.
Figure 7 shows a modification of the vibrator 1' where, in addition to the electrodes A1, A2, B,, B2, electrodes C1, C2 are provided on side faces which are parallel with the Z'-axis.
The cutting angle of another form of thickness shear type crystal vibrator 10 for a vibrator unit is shown in Figure 8 and the vibrator itself is shown in Figure 9. The vibrator 10 is formed from a laminar plate obtained by rotating a Y-cut plate through 03 , where 03 may be 38 , about the X-axis.
The vibrator 10 has opposite faces I la extending in the direction of the Y'-axis, and opposite faces 1 lib which extend in the direction of the Z'-axis, the faces 1 la having larger dimensions than the faces 1 lib.
Electrodes A3, A4, B3, B4 are formed on the faces 11 a and electrodes C3, C4 are formed on the faces 1 ib. Electrodes A3, B3, C3 are electrically connected together to the same potential and electrodes A4, B4, C4 are electrically connected together to the same potential which is of opposite polarity to the potential applied to the electrodes A3, B3,
C3. The electric field generated in the material of the vibrator causes it to perform thickness shear vibrations.
The frequency of vibration of the vibrator 10 is determined by its thickness in the direction of the Y'-axis. Thus to form the vibrator 10 with a precise frequency of vibration, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness in the direction of the Y'-axis is accurately a predetermined thickness. The thickness in the direction of the Y'-axis may be freely chosen so that the vibrator 10 has a desired frequency of vibration.
A further embodiment of a vibrator unit according to the present invention is illustrated in Figures 10 to 12. A thickness shear type crystal vibrator 21 is made from a laminar plate obtained by rotating a Y-cut plate through 05 , where 05 may be between 30 and 45" and preferably about 38 , about the X-axis. The vibrator 21 has opposite faces 21a which are parallel to the Y'-axis
and faces 21b which are parallel to the Z'
axis. The faces 21a have larger dimensions than the faces 21b.Electrodes Ass A6, B5, B6 are mounted on the faces 21a. When the
electrodes Ass B5 receive a positive potential and the electrodes A6, B5 receive a
negative potential an electric field is generated in the material of the vibrator in the direction of the Y'-axis. On the other
hand, when the electrodes As, B5 receive a
negative potential and the electrodes As, B5 receive a positive potential an electric field
(shown in solid lines) which is also in the
direction of the Y'-axis is generated within
the material of the vibrator.Thus when an
alternating potential is applied to the
electrodes Ass B5, As, B5 electric fields
alternating in direction and parallel to the
Y'-axis are generated within the material of
the vibrator, to cause the vibrator to
produce thickness shear vibrations.
The frequency of vibration of the vibrator
is determined by the thickness in the
direction of the Y'-axis and so may be made
any desired frequency by suitable choice of
the thickness.
As shown in Figure 10 the vibrator 21 is
integral with a support member 23 which
extends in the direction of the Y'-axis and
which is connected to the vibrator 21. The
vibrator 21 and the support member 23 are
formed as a unit by an etching technique to
reduce or prevent resonance or sub
vibration of the support member 23. Thus
the vibrator unit shown in Figure 10 is
especially suitable for use in wrist watches.
The vibrator units according to the
present invention and described above have
better performance than conventional
vibrator units and may be made of ultra
small size.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A vibrator unit comprising a thickness shear type crystal vibrator having a plurality of electrodes, the vibrator being formed from a laminar plate obtained by firstly rotating a Y-cut plate through an angle between 0 and 25 about the Z-axis and by secondly rotating the plate about an imaginary axis generated by the X-axis as a result of the first rotation, through an angle between -30" and -45" said electrodes being mounted on faces which are greater in size than the other faces and which are parallel to an imaginary axis generated by the Y-axis by said first and second rotations to apply an electric field in the direction of said latter imaginary axis.
2. A vibrator unit as claimed in Claim 1 including further electrodes mounted on faces which are perpendicular to the imaginary axis generated by the Y-axis by said first and second rotations.
3. A vibrator unit as claimed in Claim I or 2 in which the electrodes are shaped by an etching technique.
4. A vibrator unit as claimed in any preceding claim in which the thickness of the vibrator in the direction of the mechanical axis is determined by a mechanical technique and thereafter the vibrator and support means are formed by an etching technique.
5. A vibrator unit as claimed in any preceding claim in which the vibrator unit is formed integrally from the same piece of material as support means.
6. A vibrator unit substantially as herein described with reference to and as shown in
Figures 5 to 12 of the accompanying drawings.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (6)
1. A vibrator unit comprising a thickness shear type crystal vibrator having a plurality of electrodes, the vibrator being formed from a laminar plate obtained by firstly rotating a Y-cut plate through an angle between 0 and 25 about the Z-axis and by secondly rotating the plate about an imaginary axis generated by the X-axis as a result of the first rotation, through an angle between -30" and -45" said electrodes being mounted on faces which are greater in size than the other faces and which are parallel to an imaginary axis generated by the Y-axis by said first and second rotations to apply an electric field in the direction of said latter imaginary axis.
2. A vibrator unit as claimed in Claim 1 including further electrodes mounted on faces which are perpendicular to the imaginary axis generated by the Y-axis by said first and second rotations.
3. A vibrator unit as claimed in Claim I or 2 in which the electrodes are shaped by an etching technique.
4. A vibrator unit as claimed in any preceding claim in which the thickness of the vibrator in the direction of the mechanical axis is determined by a mechanical technique and thereafter the vibrator and support means are formed by an etching technique.
5. A vibrator unit as claimed in any preceding claim in which the vibrator unit is formed integrally from the same piece of material as support means.
6. A vibrator unit substantially as herein described with reference to and as shown in
Figures 5 to 12 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP863676A JPS5291673A (en) | 1976-01-29 | 1976-01-29 | Thickness sliding vibrator |
| JP867176A JPS5291685A (en) | 1976-01-29 | 1976-01-29 | Thickness slide crystal vibrator |
| JP2293776A JPS52106286A (en) | 1976-03-03 | 1976-03-03 | Thickness shear crystal oscillator |
| JP2482876A JPS52108785A (en) | 1976-03-08 | 1976-03-08 | Piezo crystal vibrator for perpendicular slip |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1573815A true GB1573815A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
Family
ID=27454990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3357/77A Expired GB1573815A (en) | 1976-01-29 | 1977-01-27 | Vibrator unit |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH625388GA3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2703335A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2339991A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1573815A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK51382A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG44582G (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2847944A1 (en) * | 1978-11-04 | 1980-05-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Piezoelectric crystal resonator - with electrode positions and crystal shapes minimising second mode resonances by use of square crystal disc r mounted above base-plate |
| FR2441960A1 (en) * | 1978-11-16 | 1980-06-13 | Suisse Horlogerie | PIEZOELECTRIC RESONATOR WORKING IN THICKNESS SHEAR |
| NL8202649A (en) * | 1982-07-01 | 1984-02-01 | Philips Nv | TEMPERATURE SENSOR. |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE706099C (en) * | 1934-12-11 | 1941-05-17 | Telefunken Gmbh | Piezoelectric crystal |
| US2306909A (en) * | 1939-06-09 | 1942-12-29 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Piezoelectric crystal apparatus |
| DE2246511C3 (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1975-11-27 | K.K. Suwa Seikosha, Tokio | Crystal rotary transducer |
| GB1401042A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1975-07-16 | Suisse Horlogerie | Quartz crystal resonator |
-
1977
- 1977-01-27 DE DE19772703335 patent/DE2703335A1/en active Granted
- 1977-01-27 GB GB3357/77A patent/GB1573815A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-28 FR FR7702413A patent/FR2339991A1/en active Granted
- 1977-01-31 CH CH113577A patent/CH625388GA3/en unknown
-
1982
- 1982-09-11 SG SG44582A patent/SG44582G/en unknown
- 1982-11-25 HK HK513/82A patent/HK51382A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK51382A (en) | 1982-12-03 |
| FR2339991A1 (en) | 1977-08-26 |
| CH625388B (en) | |
| DE2703335A1 (en) | 1977-08-04 |
| SG44582G (en) | 1983-02-25 |
| CH625388GA3 (en) | 1981-09-30 |
| DE2703335C2 (en) | 1990-03-01 |
| FR2339991B1 (en) | 1982-09-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930127 |