GB1456048A - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
GB1456048A
GB1456048A GB2343876A GB2343876A GB1456048A GB 1456048 A GB1456048 A GB 1456048A GB 2343876 A GB2343876 A GB 2343876A GB 2343876 A GB2343876 A GB 2343876A GB 1456048 A GB1456048 A GB 1456048A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
polymer
resistive
dec
ethylene
resistive composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB2343876A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Publication of GB1456048A publication Critical patent/GB1456048A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
    • H01C7/027—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of conducting or semi-conducting material dispersed in a non-conductive organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

1456048 PTC resistor devices RAYCHEM CORP 21 Dec 1973 [29 Dec 1972] 23438/76 Divided out of 1456047 Heading H1K [Also in Division H5] Resistive heating elements which are selfregulating because of their positive temperature coefficient of resistance and which comprise carbon black dispersed in a crystalline polymeric matrix are stabilized against resistance variation resulting from prolonged use at high voltages, e.g. 220 V, by so forming the resistive composition that at least at the electrode surfaces it comprises polar polymeric material selected from polymers containing carboxylic acid groups and having an acid number of at least 3. The polar polymer may constitute 0À1 to 15% of the resistive composition and may be an ethylene-acrylic acid polymer or salt thereof, terpolymer of ethylene, vinyl acetate and acrylic or methacrylic acid, or poly-(2,2,4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline. The matrix polymer may be as disclosed in parent Specification 1,456,047. The resistive composition is applied by extrusion on to preferably elongate electrodes so as to provide a dumb-bell shaped element. The assembly is annealed, jacketed and subjected to ionizing radiation to cross-link the matrix polymer without reducing its crystallinity below 20% so that it has a non-linear temperature coefficient of thermal expansion.
GB2343876A 1972-12-29 1973-12-21 Expired GB1456048A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00319492A US3858144A (en) 1972-12-29 1972-12-29 Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1456048A true GB1456048A (en) 1976-11-17

Family

ID=23242462

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2343876A Expired GB1456048A (en) 1972-12-29 1973-12-21
GB5963773A Expired GB1456047A (en) 1972-12-29 1973-12-21 Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB5963773A Expired GB1456047A (en) 1972-12-29 1973-12-21 Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3858144A (en)
BE (1) BE809287A (en)
CA (1) CA1017395A (en)
DE (1) DE2364947C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2212617B1 (en)
GB (2) GB1456048A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4413301A (en) 1980-04-21 1983-11-01 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element
US4475138A (en) * 1980-04-21 1984-10-02 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element

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GB1521460A (en) * 1974-08-30 1978-08-16 Raychem Corp Self-limiting electrically resistive article and process for its manufacture
US4177376A (en) * 1974-09-27 1979-12-04 Raychem Corporation Layered self-regulating heating article
FI64482C (en) * 1974-09-27 1983-11-10 Raychem Corp VAERMEAOTERHAEMTBAR ANORDNING OCH ANORDNING AV DENSAMMA FOER EN KABELSKARV
US4058704A (en) * 1974-12-27 1977-11-15 Taeo Kim Coilable and severable heating element
US4560498A (en) * 1975-08-04 1985-12-24 Raychem Corporation Positive temperature coefficient of resistance compositions
NL7511173A (en) * 1975-09-23 1977-03-25 Philips Nv SELF-REGULATING HEATING ELEMENT.
CA1100561A (en) * 1975-12-08 1981-05-05 Stephen H. Diaz Apertured deformable laminar heating elements
NL7603997A (en) * 1976-04-15 1977-10-18 Philips Nv ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE CONTAINING A RESISTANCE BODY OF PTC MATERIAL.
US4876440A (en) * 1976-12-13 1989-10-24 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
US4866253A (en) * 1976-12-13 1989-09-12 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
DE2760408C2 (en) * 1976-12-13 1996-04-04 Raychem Corp Electrical device for heating elements
US4764664A (en) * 1976-12-13 1988-08-16 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
DE2760471C2 (en) * 1976-12-13 1996-04-04 Raychem Corp Electrical device for heating elements
GB1600256A (en) 1976-12-13 1981-10-14 Raychem Corp Process for the manufacture of electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
DE2919436A1 (en) * 1978-05-18 1979-11-22 Hotfoil Ltd ITEM MADE OF A POLYMERIC ELECTRIC RESISTANCE MATERIAL
DE2923495A1 (en) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-03 Hotfoil Ltd HEATING TAPE
US4242573A (en) * 1979-01-24 1980-12-30 Raychem Corporation Water immersible heater
US4237441A (en) * 1978-12-01 1980-12-02 Raychem Corporation Low resistivity PTC compositions
US4238812A (en) * 1978-12-01 1980-12-09 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices comprising PTC elements
CA1150754A (en) * 1979-05-10 1983-07-26 George M. Gale Flexible heating elements and processes for the production thereof
US4673801A (en) * 1979-08-17 1987-06-16 Raychem Corporation PTC heater assembly
US4425497A (en) 1979-08-17 1984-01-10 Raychem Corporation PTC Heater assembly
US4547659A (en) * 1979-08-17 1985-10-15 Raychem Corporation PTC Heater assembly
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US4309597A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-01-05 Sunbeam Corporation Blanket wire utilizing positive temperature coefficient resistance heater
US4271350A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-06-02 Sunbeam Corporation Blanket wire utilizing positive temperature coefficient resistance heater
US4309596A (en) * 1980-06-24 1982-01-05 Sunbeam Corporation Flexible self-limiting heating cable
US4951382A (en) * 1981-04-02 1990-08-28 Raychem Corporation Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device
US5140297A (en) * 1981-04-02 1992-08-18 Raychem Corporation PTC conductive polymer compositions
US5195013A (en) * 1981-04-02 1993-03-16 Raychem Corporation PTC conductive polymer compositions
US4845838A (en) * 1981-04-02 1989-07-11 Raychem Corporation Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device
US4955267A (en) * 1981-04-02 1990-09-11 Raychem Corporation Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device
US5227946A (en) * 1981-04-02 1993-07-13 Raychem Corporation Electrical device comprising a PTC conductive polymer
US4951384A (en) * 1981-04-02 1990-08-28 Raychem Corporation Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device
US4560524A (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-12-24 Smuckler Jack H Method of manufacturing a positive temperature coefficient resistive heating element
US4560443A (en) * 1983-05-31 1985-12-24 Chevron Research Company Gas diffusion anode
EP0250776B1 (en) 1983-06-30 1992-06-10 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) Method for detecting and obtaining information about changes in variables
US4471215A (en) * 1983-08-24 1984-09-11 Eaton Corporation Self-regulating heating cable having radiation grafted jacket
US4514620A (en) * 1983-09-22 1985-04-30 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymers exhibiting PTC characteristics
US4761541A (en) * 1984-01-23 1988-08-02 Raychem Corporation Devices comprising conductive polymer compositions
US4668857A (en) * 1985-08-16 1987-05-26 Belton Corporation Temperature self-regulating resistive heating element
DK87287A (en) 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Raychem Corp METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USING ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL
US5057673A (en) * 1988-05-19 1991-10-15 Fluorocarbon Company Self-current-limiting devices and method of making same
US5250226A (en) * 1988-06-03 1993-10-05 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices comprising conductive polymers
US5111032A (en) * 1989-03-13 1992-05-05 Raychem Corporation Method of making an electrical device comprising a conductive polymer
GB8920283D0 (en) * 1989-09-07 1989-10-18 Hill Robert G Q Self temperature limiting electro-conducting composites
US5925276A (en) * 1989-09-08 1999-07-20 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymer device with fuse capable of arc suppression
US5002501A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-03-26 Raychem Corporation Electrical plug
US5004432A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-04-02 Raychem Corporation Electrical connector
JPH04272680A (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-09-29 Thermon Mfg Co Switch-controlled-zone type heating cable and assembling method thereof
US6111234A (en) * 1991-05-07 2000-08-29 Batliwalla; Neville S. Electrical device
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US5756972A (en) * 1994-10-25 1998-05-26 Raychem Corporation Hinged connector for heating cables of various sizes
US5622642A (en) * 1995-02-06 1997-04-22 Raychem Corporation Sealing apparatus for elongate cables having movable insert with gripping members
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US6005232A (en) * 1996-06-28 1999-12-21 Raychem Corporation Heating cable
US5767448A (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-06-16 Raychem Corporation Sealing device
US5841111A (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-11-24 Eaton Corporation Low resistance electrical interface for current limiting polymers by plasma processing
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US6358438B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2002-03-19 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electrically conductive polymer composition
DE19963893A1 (en) * 1999-12-30 2001-07-12 Bison Stematec Maschb Und Huba Drive device
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US7214757B2 (en) 2000-03-09 2007-05-08 Eastman Kodak Company Polyurethane elastomers and shaped articles prepared therefrom
US6593843B1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2003-07-15 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electrical devices containing conductive polymers
US6531950B1 (en) 2000-06-28 2003-03-11 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electrical devices containing conductive polymers
US6628498B2 (en) 2000-08-28 2003-09-30 Steven J. Whitney Integrated electrostatic discharge and overcurrent device
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WO2003088356A1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-10-23 Littelfuse, Inc. Voltage variable material for direct application and devices employing same
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4413301A (en) 1980-04-21 1983-11-01 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element
US4475138A (en) * 1980-04-21 1984-10-02 Raychem Corporation Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE809287A (en) 1974-06-28
DE2364947A1 (en) 1974-07-25
FR2212617A1 (en) 1974-07-26
DE2364947C2 (en) 1985-04-18
FR2212617B1 (en) 1979-06-29
GB1456047A (en) 1976-11-17
US3858144A (en) 1974-12-31
CA1017395A (en) 1977-09-13

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee