GB1456047A - Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles - Google Patents
Voltage stress-resistant conductive articlesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1456047A GB1456047A GB5963773A GB5963773A GB1456047A GB 1456047 A GB1456047 A GB 1456047A GB 5963773 A GB5963773 A GB 5963773A GB 5963773 A GB5963773 A GB 5963773A GB 1456047 A GB1456047 A GB 1456047A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- carbon black
- copper
- composition
- dec
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- UGQZLDXDWSPAOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,4-f]isoindole-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)NC2=O UGQZLDXDWSPAOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/027—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of conducting or semi-conducting material dispersed in a non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
1456047 PTC resistor devices RAYCHEM CORP 21 Dec 1973 [29 Dec 1972] 59637/73 Heading H1K [Also in Division H5] Resistive heating elements which are selfregulating because of their positive temperature coefficient of resistance and which comprise carbon black dispersed in a crystalline polymeric matrix are stabilized against resistance variation resulting from prolonged use at high voltages, e.g. 220 V, by providing at least 1À5 times the amount of carbon black at the electrode surfaces compared with that elsewhere between the electrodes. The electrodes, e.g. of copper, tinned copper, nickel-plated or silver plated copper, are first coated with a high content, e.g. 30 to 75%, carbon black containing composition, then the lower content composition is extruded around and between the coated electrodes. The electrodes are preferably elongate so as to provide a dumb-bell shaped element. The assembly is annealed, jacketed and subjected to ionizing radiation to cross-link the matrix polymer without reducing its crystallinity below 20%, so that it has a non-linear temperature coefficient of thermal expansion. The matrix polymer is selected according to the desired self-limiting temperature, and may be polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene - 1, polydodecamethylene pyromellitimide, ethylene propylene copolymers and terpolymers with non-conjugated dienes, polyvinylidene fluoride or vinylidene fluoride tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, or polymer blends such as polyethylene and ethylene-ethyl acetate copolymer, or blends containing wax. Fillers such as silica may be included. Further improvement is achieved by so forming the resistive composition that at least at the electrode surfaces, it comprises polar polymeric material selected from polymers containing carboxylic acid groups and having an acid number of at least 3, ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or zinc salts of such polymers and polymeric amines of amine number greater than 3. Such compositions form the subject of Specification 1,456,048.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00319492A US3858144A (en) | 1972-12-29 | 1972-12-29 | Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1456047A true GB1456047A (en) | 1976-11-17 |
Family
ID=23242462
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2343876A Expired GB1456048A (en) | 1972-12-29 | 1973-12-21 | |
| GB5963773A Expired GB1456047A (en) | 1972-12-29 | 1973-12-21 | Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2343876A Expired GB1456048A (en) | 1972-12-29 | 1973-12-21 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3858144A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE809287A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1017395A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2364947C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2212617B1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1456048A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4413301A (en) | 1980-04-21 | 1983-11-01 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element |
| US4475138A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1984-10-02 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element |
| CN106409451A (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2017-02-15 | 芜湖长启炉业有限公司 | PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistor based on polyphenylene sulfide and preparation method of PTC resistor |
| GB2604908A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-21 | Nobel Gemlik Otomotiv Sanayi Veticaret Anonim Sirketi | A type of battery thermal management system |
Families Citing this family (88)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1521460A (en) * | 1974-08-30 | 1978-08-16 | Raychem Corp | Self-limiting electrically resistive article and process for its manufacture |
| FI64482C (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1983-11-10 | Raychem Corp | VAERMEAOTERHAEMTBAR ANORDNING OCH ANORDNING AV DENSAMMA FOER EN KABELSKARV |
| US4177376A (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1979-12-04 | Raychem Corporation | Layered self-regulating heating article |
| US4058704A (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1977-11-15 | Taeo Kim | Coilable and severable heating element |
| US4560498A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1985-12-24 | Raychem Corporation | Positive temperature coefficient of resistance compositions |
| NL7511173A (en) * | 1975-09-23 | 1977-03-25 | Philips Nv | SELF-REGULATING HEATING ELEMENT. |
| CA1100561A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1981-05-05 | Stephen H. Diaz | Apertured deformable laminar heating elements |
| NL7603997A (en) * | 1976-04-15 | 1977-10-18 | Philips Nv | ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE CONTAINING A RESISTANCE BODY OF PTC MATERIAL. |
| US4764664A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1988-08-16 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| DE2760408C2 (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1996-04-04 | Raychem Corp | Electrical device for heating elements |
| US4866253A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1989-09-12 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| US4876440A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1989-10-24 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| GB1600256A (en) | 1976-12-13 | 1981-10-14 | Raychem Corp | Process for the manufacture of electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| DE2760471C2 (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1996-04-04 | Raychem Corp | Electrical device for heating elements |
| DE2919436A1 (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1979-11-22 | Hotfoil Ltd | ITEM MADE OF A POLYMERIC ELECTRIC RESISTANCE MATERIAL |
| DE2923495A1 (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1980-01-03 | Hotfoil Ltd | HEATING TAPE |
| US4242573A (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1980-12-30 | Raychem Corporation | Water immersible heater |
| US4238812A (en) * | 1978-12-01 | 1980-12-09 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices comprising PTC elements |
| US4237441A (en) * | 1978-12-01 | 1980-12-02 | Raychem Corporation | Low resistivity PTC compositions |
| CA1150754A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1983-07-26 | George M. Gale | Flexible heating elements and processes for the production thereof |
| US4547659A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1985-10-15 | Raychem Corporation | PTC Heater assembly |
| US4673801A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1987-06-16 | Raychem Corporation | PTC heater assembly |
| US4425497A (en) | 1979-08-17 | 1984-01-10 | Raychem Corporation | PTC Heater assembly |
| US4304044A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-12-08 | The Scott & Fetzer Company | Method for forming self-regulating heat trace cable |
| US4250400A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-02-10 | The Scott & Fetzer Company | Flexible temperature self regulating heating cable |
| US4352083A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1982-09-28 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices |
| US4309597A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1982-01-05 | Sunbeam Corporation | Blanket wire utilizing positive temperature coefficient resistance heater |
| US4271350A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1981-06-02 | Sunbeam Corporation | Blanket wire utilizing positive temperature coefficient resistance heater |
| US4309596A (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1982-01-05 | Sunbeam Corporation | Flexible self-limiting heating cable |
| US5140297A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1992-08-18 | Raychem Corporation | PTC conductive polymer compositions |
| US4845838A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1989-07-11 | Raychem Corporation | Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device |
| US5195013A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1993-03-16 | Raychem Corporation | PTC conductive polymer compositions |
| US4951384A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1990-08-28 | Raychem Corporation | Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device |
| US4951382A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1990-08-28 | Raychem Corporation | Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device |
| US5227946A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1993-07-13 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical device comprising a PTC conductive polymer |
| US4955267A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1990-09-11 | Raychem Corporation | Method of making a PTC conductive polymer electrical device |
| US4560524A (en) * | 1983-04-15 | 1985-12-24 | Smuckler Jack H | Method of manufacturing a positive temperature coefficient resistive heating element |
| US4560443A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1985-12-24 | Chevron Research Company | Gas diffusion anode |
| ATE77155T1 (en) | 1983-06-30 | 1992-06-15 | Raychem Corp | METHOD OF DETECTING AND OBTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT THE CHANGES OF VARIABLES. |
| US4471215A (en) * | 1983-08-24 | 1984-09-11 | Eaton Corporation | Self-regulating heating cable having radiation grafted jacket |
| US4514620A (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-04-30 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymers exhibiting PTC characteristics |
| US4761541A (en) * | 1984-01-23 | 1988-08-02 | Raychem Corporation | Devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| US4668857A (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-05-26 | Belton Corporation | Temperature self-regulating resistive heating element |
| DK87287A (en) | 1986-02-20 | 1987-08-21 | Raychem Corp | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USING ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL |
| US5057673A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1991-10-15 | Fluorocarbon Company | Self-current-limiting devices and method of making same |
| US5250226A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1993-10-05 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymers |
| US5111032A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1992-05-05 | Raychem Corporation | Method of making an electrical device comprising a conductive polymer |
| GB8920283D0 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1989-10-18 | Hill Robert G Q | Self temperature limiting electro-conducting composites |
| US5925276A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1999-07-20 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer device with fuse capable of arc suppression |
| US5002501A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1991-03-26 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical plug |
| US5004432A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1991-04-02 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical connector |
| JPH04272680A (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1992-09-29 | Thermon Mfg Co | Switch-controlled-zone type heating cable and assembling method thereof |
| US6111234A (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 2000-08-29 | Batliwalla; Neville S. | Electrical device |
| US5517003A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1996-05-14 | Metagal Industria E Comercio Ltd. | Self-regulating heater including a polymeric semiconductor substrate containing porous conductive lampblack |
| US5756972A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-05-26 | Raychem Corporation | Hinged connector for heating cables of various sizes |
| US5622642A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1997-04-22 | Raychem Corporation | Sealing apparatus for elongate cables having movable insert with gripping members |
| TW309619B (en) * | 1995-08-15 | 1997-07-01 | Mourns Multifuse Hong Kong Ltd | |
| EP0845148B1 (en) * | 1995-08-15 | 2000-01-19 | Bourns Multifuse (Hong Kong), Ltd. | Surface mount conductive polymer devices and method for manufacturing such devices |
| US5792987A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1998-08-11 | Raychem Corporation | Sealing device |
| US6059997A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 2000-05-09 | Littlelfuse, Inc. | Polymeric PTC compositions |
| DE19548741A1 (en) | 1995-12-23 | 1997-06-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Process for the production of a material for PTC resistors |
| US5718600A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1998-02-17 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical plug |
| US5814264A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-09-29 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Continuous manufacturing methods for positive temperature coefficient materials |
| US6023403A (en) * | 1996-05-03 | 2000-02-08 | Littlefuse, Inc. | Surface mountable electrical device comprising a PTC and fusible element |
| US6005232A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-12-21 | Raychem Corporation | Heating cable |
| US5767448A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-06-16 | Raychem Corporation | Sealing device |
| US5841111A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-11-24 | Eaton Corporation | Low resistance electrical interface for current limiting polymers by plasma processing |
| US6020808A (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2000-02-01 | Bourns Multifuse (Hong Kong) Ltd. | Multilayer conductive polymer positive temperature coefficent device |
| US6282072B1 (en) | 1998-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Electrical devices having a polymer PTC array |
| WO2000019455A1 (en) | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | Bourns, Inc. | Two-step process for preparing positive temperature coefficient polymer materials |
| US6582647B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 2003-06-24 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Method for heat treating PTC devices |
| DE69928274T2 (en) | 1998-10-15 | 2006-06-01 | Tyco Electronics Corp., Menlo Park | CONNECTOR FOR AN ELECTRICAL CABLE |
| US6358438B1 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2002-03-19 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electrically conductive polymer composition |
| DE19963893A1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-12 | Bison Stematec Maschb Und Huba | Drive device |
| SE518872C2 (en) | 2000-01-28 | 2002-12-03 | Polyohm Ab | Appliance for floor heating |
| US7214757B2 (en) | 2000-03-09 | 2007-05-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Polyurethane elastomers and shaped articles prepared therefrom |
| US6531950B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2003-03-11 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electrical devices containing conductive polymers |
| US6593843B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2003-07-15 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electrical devices containing conductive polymers |
| US6628498B2 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-09-30 | Steven J. Whitney | Integrated electrostatic discharge and overcurrent device |
| US7183891B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-02-27 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Direct application voltage variable material, devices employing same and methods of manufacturing such devices |
| CN100350606C (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-11-21 | 力特保险丝有限公司 | Voltage variable material for direct application and devices employing same |
| US7132922B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2006-11-07 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Direct application voltage variable material, components thereof and devices employing same |
| US7371459B2 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2008-05-13 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electrical devices having an oxygen barrier coating |
| EP1634896A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-15 | Borealis Technology Oy | Polymer composition |
| EP2116778B1 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2016-03-16 | Kronoplus Technical AG | Heatable fitting system |
| US9603196B2 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2017-03-21 | Tech Design Llc | Self-regulating semi-conductive flexible heating element |
| CA3011250A1 (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2017-07-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Heating tape and system |
| EP3449491A4 (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2020-04-22 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Voltage-leveling monolithic self-regulating heater cable |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1305140A (en) * | 1961-11-09 | 1962-09-28 | Montedison Spa | Mixtures based on crystalline polyolefins and electrical elements of variable conductance formed from such mixtures |
| US3243753A (en) * | 1962-11-13 | 1966-03-29 | Kohler Fred | Resistance element |
| GB1144316A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1969-03-05 | Dunlop Co Ltd | Improved emulsions of alkali-soluble copolymers |
| JPS534238B1 (en) * | 1967-08-23 | 1978-02-15 | ||
| US3673121A (en) * | 1970-01-27 | 1972-06-27 | Texas Instruments Inc | Process for making conductive polymers and resulting compositions |
-
1972
- 1972-12-29 US US00319492A patent/US3858144A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-12-21 GB GB2343876A patent/GB1456048A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-12-21 GB GB5963773A patent/GB1456047A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-12-28 CA CA189,180A patent/CA1017395A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-12-28 DE DE2364947A patent/DE2364947C2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-12-28 FR FR7346976A patent/FR2212617B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-12-28 BE BE139428A patent/BE809287A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4413301A (en) | 1980-04-21 | 1983-11-01 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element |
| US4475138A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1984-10-02 | Raychem Corporation | Circuit protection devices comprising PTC element |
| CN106409451A (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2017-02-15 | 芜湖长启炉业有限公司 | PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistor based on polyphenylene sulfide and preparation method of PTC resistor |
| CN106409451B (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2018-03-27 | 芜湖长启炉业有限公司 | PTC resistor based on polyphenylene sulfide and preparation method thereof |
| GB2604908A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-21 | Nobel Gemlik Otomotiv Sanayi Veticaret Anonim Sirketi | A type of battery thermal management system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2212617B1 (en) | 1979-06-29 |
| DE2364947A1 (en) | 1974-07-25 |
| DE2364947C2 (en) | 1985-04-18 |
| GB1456048A (en) | 1976-11-17 |
| CA1017395A (en) | 1977-09-13 |
| FR2212617A1 (en) | 1974-07-26 |
| BE809287A (en) | 1974-06-28 |
| US3858144A (en) | 1974-12-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |