GB1100163A - Electrochemical cell - Google Patents

Abstract

1,100,163. Batteries. AMERICAN CYANAMID CO. 28 March, 1966 [10 May, 1965], No. 13657/66. Heading HlB. A primary cell utilizes sulphur dioxide liquid or a non-aqueous solution as depolarizer. The cell may be operated at reduced temperature and increased pressure to maintain the sulphur dioxide liquid. Alternatively, the sulphur dioxide may be dissolved in the electrolyte salt and a cosolvent. No separators are needed and the cell may be of the deferred action type. The anode may be Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Rb, Cs, Al, Zn, Sn, Mn, Cr, Ga, In, or mixtures or alloys of these metals. The cathode may be Pt, Ir, Os, Pd, Rh, Ru, C, Fe, e.g. stainless steel, Ni, Ag, Hg, Pb, Au, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi and nitrides, e.g. boron nitride or silicon semi-conductors. Electrolyte salts specified are tetra-alkylammonium salts of halogens; tetraalkylammonium salts of organic acids such as trichloracetic; and the tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborates, hexafluoroarsenates, hexafluorophosphates, hexafluorosilicates, monofluoroacetates, chloroaluminates and bromoaluminates. Other salts include tetraalkylammonium and metal salts of organic acids such as oleic or oxalic; metal halides; metal cyanates and thiocyanates, metal sulphites and sulphamates, metal nitrates, dicyanamides and tricyanomethides, and sulphonium, arsonium and phosphonium salts such as trimethyl sulphonium halides or acetates. Co-solvents specified comprise: trialkyl borates, boronic acid esters; borinic acid esters; tetraalkyl silicates; alkylalkoxyl silanes; amino ethers; tertiary amines; nitro alkanes; alkylnitriles; trialkyl-substituted hydroxylamines; dialkyl amides; lactams; tetraalkyl ureas; acetals; ketals; mono-carboxylic acid esters; ortho esters; lactones; dialkyl ethers; polyethers; cyclic ethers; monocarboxylic acid anhydrides; amino ethers; dialkyl sulphates; dialkyl sulphites; alkylene sulphites; dialkyl sulphinites; alkyl sulphonates, phosphorous oxychloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride. The cell is filled with inert gas, e.g. xenon, argon or helium, to exclude atmospheric moisture.