GB1001938A - Process for the production of liquid hydrogen - Google Patents

Process for the production of liquid hydrogen

Info

Publication number
GB1001938A
GB1001938A GB3138764A GB3138764A GB1001938A GB 1001938 A GB1001938 A GB 1001938A GB 3138764 A GB3138764 A GB 3138764A GB 3138764 A GB3138764 A GB 3138764A GB 1001938 A GB1001938 A GB 1001938A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
line
crude
compressor
component flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3138764A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Publication of GB1001938A publication Critical patent/GB1001938A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0089—Ortho-para conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/001—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/02—Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/06—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

1,001,938. Liquefaction of hydrogen. SULZER BROS. Ltd. Aug. 4, 1964 [Sept. 6, 1963], No. 31387/64. Heading F4P. An hydrogen liquefaction process comprises circulating hydrogen gas through a refrigeration circuit comprising a compressor 23 and at least two series connected expansion turbines 24 ... 27, withdrawing as a component flow a minor portion of hydrogen through a line 29 upstream of the last turbine 27, further cooling said flow in exchangers 13, 14, 16, 17 cooled by the remainder of the hydrogen having been expanded in turbines 27, 28, converting the component flow at least partly into the paraform by passage through catalysts 30 ... 33, condensing the partly converted component flow in the coil 35 of a liquefier 20 by heat exchange with " crude " hydrogen having been withdrawn from a holder 3 by a compressor 2, cooled in exchangers 8, 9, 11 to 14, 16, 17, purified in absorbers 6, 7, 10, 15, 18 and in part liquefied at 20 by expansion at a valve 19 into a pressure below that of the component flow in line 29; the product liquid para-hydrogen being withdrawn from the liquefier whilst the so vaporized " crude " hydrogen is fed through a line 34 into said major portion of refrigerant hydrogen at a suitable pressure point, e.g. the inlet of a turbine 28 to which turbine 27 exhausts. As shown, product liquid para -hydrogen is sub-cooled in an exchanger 37, traversed by " crude " hydrogen having been expanded at 39 and the liquid product is throttled at 42 into a separator 43 from which hydrogen gas is withdrawn through a line 45 to be joined by " crude " hydrogen gas in a line 40 and being returned through lines 41, 21 to the inlet of compressor 23. Any excess hydrogen in line 21 is drawn through a line 5 and a non-return valve 46 into the inlet of the " crude " hydrogen compressor 2.
GB3138764A 1963-09-06 1964-08-04 Process for the production of liquid hydrogen Expired GB1001938A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1101563A CH403821A (en) 1963-09-06 1963-09-06 Process for the production of liquid hydrogen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1001938A true GB1001938A (en) 1965-08-18

Family

ID=4369165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3138764A Expired GB1001938A (en) 1963-09-06 1964-08-04 Process for the production of liquid hydrogen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CH (1) CH403821A (en)
FR (1) FR1404970A (en)
GB (1) GB1001938A (en)
NL (2) NL135362C (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3377811A (en) * 1965-12-28 1968-04-16 Air Prod & Chem Liquefaction process employing expanded feed as refrigerant
GB2601173A (en) * 2020-11-21 2022-05-25 Frederick Skinner Geoffrey Process for producing liquefied hydrogen
CN115854651A (en) * 2022-11-25 2023-03-28 浙江大学 Hydrogen liquefaction method and device for precooling by using refrigerating machine
CN115973999A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 锦浪科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen production system based on solar energy
WO2023105305A1 (en) * 2021-12-06 2023-06-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Hydrogen liquefier

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992167A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-11-16 Union Carbide Corporation Low temperature refrigeration process for helium or hydrogen mixtures using mixed refrigerant

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3377811A (en) * 1965-12-28 1968-04-16 Air Prod & Chem Liquefaction process employing expanded feed as refrigerant
GB2601173A (en) * 2020-11-21 2022-05-25 Frederick Skinner Geoffrey Process for producing liquefied hydrogen
GB2601173B (en) * 2020-11-21 2022-11-16 Frederick Skinner Geoffrey Process for producing liquefied Hydrogen
WO2023105305A1 (en) * 2021-12-06 2023-06-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Hydrogen liquefier
CN115854651A (en) * 2022-11-25 2023-03-28 浙江大学 Hydrogen liquefaction method and device for precooling by using refrigerating machine
CN115854651B (en) * 2022-11-25 2023-09-15 浙江大学 Hydrogen liquefaction method and device for precooling by utilizing refrigerator
CN115973999A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 锦浪科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen production system based on solar energy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1404970A (en) 1965-07-02
NL298578A (en)
CH403821A (en) 1965-12-15
NL135362C (en)

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