FR3127971A1 - DEVICE FOR HOLDING THE ROOF OF A BUILDING IN PLACE SO THAT IT RESISTS THE WIND - Google Patents

Abstract

------ DEVICE FOR HOLDING THE ROOF OF A BUILDING IN PLACE SO THAT IT RESISTS THE WIND The present invention relates to a device (1) for preventing uplift under the effect of the wind of the roof (T ) of a building (B), in particular a corrugated iron roof, by placing a set of retaining cables (2) stretched above the latter, characterized in that it comprises, for each holding cable (2): at least one member (3) for tensioning the latter; at least one spacer member (4) adjustable in length, capable of coming, in the mounting position , resting on the roof (T) being placed vertically between the roof (T) and the holding cable (2) considered in a position where said holding cable (2) exerts a pressure force on the upper part of the spacer (4) so that it exerts a pressure force on the roof (T); andan attachment member (5) of said cable (2) to the structure of the building or to the ground. Figure to be published with abstract: Figure 2

Description

DEVICE FOR HOLDING THE ROOF OF A BUILDING IN PLACE SO THAT IT RESISTS THE WIND

The present invention relates to a device for holding the roof of a building in place to prevent its uplift under the effect of the wind, as well as to its assembly method.

During meteorological episodes presenting violent winds, such as cyclones or hurricanes, it is not uncommon for the force of the winds to cause the roofs of the buildings to rise, thus causing heavy damage to the buildings and also representing a serious danger represented by the fall to the ground of the roof elements that have detached.

Document US Pat. No. 5,983,572 and US Pat. No. 7,310,913 disclose devices for holding roofs in place during high winds.

The devices presented in documents US 5,983,572 and US 7,310,913 comprise a plurality of cables or straps stretched above the roof to prevent it from rising.

However, the cables or straps are arranged parallel to the plane of the roof, the cables or straps being perpendicular to the direction of the slope of the roof in document US 5,983,572 and parallel to this direction in document US 7,310,913.

In document US Pat. No. 7,310,913, the arrangement of the cables or straps parallel to the roof means that the force exerted by the cables or straps on support elements located between the cables or straps and the roof is not sufficient to block these elements. of support and that these will tend to slip along the roof, in particular due to the flexibility of the cables or straps. In this case, the roof elements can still fly away.

In US 5,9836,572 the cables are held in elongated support members which rest on the roof. In this case, the support elements have a groove through which the cable passes. This groove allows the cable not to leave the support element. Consequently, this support element does not allow the cable to exert sufficient force on the roof, in particular due to the flexibility of the cable.

The Applicant has sought a solution to these problems and proposes a roof retaining device comprising a plurality of cables and spacer rods of adjustable length and positioned between the cables and the roof. The positioning of the cables and the adjustment of the spacer rods make it possible to arrange the cables in such a way that they are no longer parallel to the plane of the roof. By doing so, the force exerted by the cables on the spacer rods is increased so that the rods do not slip and that they exert a force on the roof such that it will not rise in the event of wind. violent.

The subject of the present invention is therefore a device for preventing the uplift under the effect of the wind of the roof of a building, in particular of a roof made of corrugated sheet metal, by the installation of a set of holding cables stretched above the latter, characterized in that it comprises, for each holding cable:

• at least one member for tensioning the latter;
• at least one spacer member adjustable in length, capable of coming, in the mounting position, to rest on the roof while being placed vertically between the roof and the holding cable considered in a position where said holding cable exerts a pressure force on the upper part of the spacer member so that the latter exerts a pressure force on the roof; And
• a member for attaching said cable to the structure of the building or to the ground.

As a general rule, several spacers will be necessary, advantageously regularly distributed.

A spacer member may comprise an elongated body in two parts adapted to be moved in translation relative to each other and to be fixed to each other when a desired length of said body is obtained for the position assembly, the first part being intended to be applied to the roof and for this purpose forming or being connected to a base at its end opposite to the region of connection to the second part, said base advantageously having a shape allowing it to marry the part of the roof on which it is intended to come to rest, and the second part carrying a cable clamp at its end opposite to the region of connection to the first part.

The first part of the spacer member may consist of a cylindrical rod and the second part of a tubular element in which the cylindrical rod is capable of sliding, the blocking of the two parts relative to each other at the desired height being effected by means of a nut able to cooperate with a threaded region of the first part and to bear on one side against the lower end of the second part and on the other side against least one lock nut located under the nut in the mounting position.

The device according to the invention may further comprise at least one support member for a retaining cable, which is adapted to be fixed, by one of its ends, to the structure of the building, and if necessary passing through the roof, and which comprises, at its other end, a ring for passing the retaining cable. This support member makes it possible, when the roof is very long, to prevent the cable, once the spacers have been put in place and adjusted in height, from having too great a maximum height.

A holding cable can be arranged to pass over the roof in such a way that its two ends are fixed to the respective walls of the building,

• said cable comprising at least one of its ends a member for tensioning the latter capable of being connected to a member for attaching said cable to the wall of the building, said attachment member possibly being common to two members for tensioning, a fastening member which can also receive the end of a tensioning cable, the other end of which is capable of being fixed to the structure of the building or to the ground; Or
• said cable being made in two parts connected by a member for tensioning the two cable parts above the roof.

At least one retaining cable can pass at least at one end above an edge in order to be folded downwards and to be able to be fixed to the associated wall and/or to the ground close to this wall, characterized in that it also includes, per cable and per edge:

• an edge angle iron which is intended to be applied against the edge of the roof concerned in the region through which the retaining cable passes and which comprises a wing on the roof side and a wing on the wall side; And
• a holding cable deflection member comprising a support capable of being applied to the roof-side wing of said edge angle iron to be fixed there and of protruding from the roof to form a projection on which the holding cable is suitable to pass to be deflected downwards in the mounting position, said support possibly comprising, at its projecting end projecting from the roof in the mounting position, a pulley on which the cable is adapted to be arranged,

the attachment member associated with said end of the retaining cable being anchored in the wall.

At least one holding cable can be held at one of its ends on the roof, characterized in that it further comprises a member for hooking said holding cable to the roof by this end, said hooking member which can also receive the end of a tension cable, the other end of which is adapted to be fixed to the structure of the building or to the ground.

It is possible to provide several holding cables which are able to be arranged parallel to each other and/or so as to follow the edges of a roof section.

When the device according to the invention comprises at least two parallel or opposite retaining cables, it may further comprise between said at least two cables at least one connecting cable which may include a tensioning member.

The present invention also relates to a method of mounting on the roof of a building of a device as defined above, characterized in that the following successive operations are carried out:

• provide the support cables for the roof in question with their tensioning devices;
• fixing the tensioning devices to the attachment devices at the locations considered on the structure of the building or on the ground;
• where applicable, positioning of at least one support member and installation of the associated retaining cable in said support member;
• tensioning of the holding cables by actuating the tensioning members thereof;
• if necessary, installation of the connection cable(s); And
• laying under each retaining cable of at least one spacer member and adjusting the length of the latter so that a retaining cable thus stretched is not parallel to the roof, thus improving the force exerted by the cable holding on the spacers and hence on the roof.

When positioning the spacer rods, the latter can be adjusted in height so that the cable has a flattened V profile opening downwards or a succession of flattened V regions opening downwards , which can be separated by a cable support member fixed to the roof.

To better illustrate the object of the present invention, a description will be given below, by way of indication and not of limitation, of several embodiments with reference to the appended drawing.

On this drawing :

• there is a facade view of a building with a flat roof formed of corrugated sheets on which a device of the invention has begun to be installed by placing the edge angles, the cable deflection members and the cables hooked to a point of 'anchoring ;
• there corresponds to the , showing the complete assembly of the device of the invention as well as a variant of fixing the cables;
• there is a perspective view of a building with a double-pitched roof showing schematically a device according to the invention with its various cables laid and fixed as in the ;
• there is a view analogous to with a building whose roof has a single slope;
• there is a view analogous to showing a variant of installation, which uses transverse connection cables;
• there is a view analogous to showing an alternative installation, which uses a transverse connecting cable;
• there is a view analogous to showing a variant pose using a supporting body;
• there is a top view of an edge angle iron with its deflection device;
• there is a side view corresponding to the ;
• there is an elevational view of a spacer member forming part of the device according to the present invention;
• there is a top view of a four-sided roof equipped with a device according to the invention; And
• there is, on a larger scale, a partial sectional view of a roof according to the at a member for hooking a holding cable.

If we refer to the , it can be seen that a facade view has been shown schematically of a building B comprising a body of the building of which one can see the facade and the two side walls M as well as the roof T covered with a corrugated sheet To and an edge sheet Tr at each edge of the roof. In order to prevent the roof from lifting under the effect of the wind, a device 1 according to the present invention will be placed on the latter.

The device 1 comprises a plurality of cables 2, only one of which is represented on the . Cables 2 are galvanized steel or stainless steel cables.

The cables 2 are hooked at each of their ends to a member 3 for tensioning the cable. These members 3 for tensioning the cable are hook tensioners well known in the art. You can also use eyelet tensioners.

Before setting up the cables 2, one has just fixed in each of the side walls M of the building B, a plurality of attachment members 5, which will be described below in relation to the .

For the installation of each of the cables 2 of the device 1 on the roof T, one first hangs one of the ends of the cable 2 to one of the hooks of the member 3 for tensioning by means of a loop (not shown). The tensioning member 3 is then hooked by its second free hook to one of the hooking members 5 on one of the side walls M.

In the case of a roof with edges, as shown in the a plurality of edge angles 8 and a plurality of cable deflection members 9 are placed on each of the edges of the roof T, at the level of the edge sheets Tr, which will be described below in relation to Figures 8 and 9. For each of the cables 2, an edge angle iron 8 and a cable deflection member 9 are placed on each of the opposite banks so that the edge angle irons 8 and the cable deflection members 9 on each of the banks face each other.

Each of the cable deflection members 9 protrudes from the roof to form a projection relative thereto. This makes it possible to deviate the cable 2 downwards.

The cable 2 is passed over the cable deflection member 9 which is located on the edge of the roof T which corresponds to the side wall M on which the tensioning member 3 has been hung at the attachment member 5. The cable 2 is then extended over the entire roof and passed over the branch member 9 on the bank opposite the first bank.

The free end of the cable 2 is hooked to one of the hooks of a tensioning member 3 and then the second hook of the tensioning member 3 is hooked to the corresponding hooking member 5 on the other side wall Mr.

Once the cable 2 is attached by the tensioning devices 3 to the attachment devices 5, the cable 2 will be tensioned by actuating the tensioning devices 3.

The cable 2 which has just been placed above the roof T is in a taut state and it is parallel to the plane of the roof T.

We now refer to the , on which we have represented the same building B as on the . So that the cable 2 can exert a force on the roof T to prevent the lifting of the corrugated sheets To which constitute it, we place between the cable 2 and the roof T, a plurality of spacing members 4, adjustable in length which will be described below in relation to the .

The spacer members 4 are placed evenly between the cable 2 and the roof T and the length of each of the spacer members 4 is then adjusted.

On the , the greatest length has been set among the spacer members 4, the one which is positioned centrally along the length of the roof, the other spacer members located between the central spacer member and the edge being adjusted with a decreasing length going from the central spacer member towards the bank considered, while having a greater length at the level of the cable deflection member 9 of the bank considered.

By doing so, cable 2 presents a flattened V profile opening downwards. This makes it possible to increase the tension of the cable 2 and to increase the force exerted by the spacer member 4.

Indeed, when adjusting the length of the spacer members 4, these will push the cable 2 upwards, as shown by the arrows F1 on the . By reaction, the force exerted by the cable 2 on the spacer members 4, represented by the arrows F2 on the , will increase. This makes it possible to increase the resistance of the roof T against uplift caused by strong winds.

Indeed, with a cable maintained parallel to the plane of the roof, the force that would be exerted by the cable on the spacers would not be sufficient to ensure proper maintenance of the roof. By adjusting the length of the spacers 4 so that the cable 2 has a flattened V profile opening downwards, the tension of the cable 2 is increased and thus the force exerted on the roof T.

Also represented on the , a variant of installation of the device 1 in which, one hangs on the ground near the building B and in the vicinity of the side walls M of the attachment members 5'.

Then, one end of a 2′ cable is attached to each of the attachment devices 5 on the side walls M. At the free end of each of the cables 2′, a tensioning device 3 is attached and then the free end of each of the tensioning devices 3 is hooked to the corresponding attachment devices 5′. Then each cable 2′ is tensioned by actuating tensioning devices 3. By doing so, the tension of the cable 2 can be increased and thus the resistance of the roof to uplift.

Reference is now made to Figures 8 and 9. The shows a top view of an edge angle iron 8 on which is fixed a cable deflection member 9.

The edge angle 8 comprises a wing on the roof side 8a which is intended to be placed on the roof T in the assembly position and a wing on the wall side 8b which is intended to be placed against the wall in the assembly position. A rubber buffer 8c is placed on the flanges 8a and 8b on the side of the incoming angle of the angle iron 8. This rubber buffer 8c makes it possible to protect the edge plate Tr when the edge angle iron 8 is positioned on the latter.

The cable deflection member 9 comprises a support 9a at one end of which is attached a pulley 10.

The cable deflection member 9 is fixed by screwing on the roof side flange 8a of the edge angle iron 8 so that the pulley 10 is on the side of the wall side flange 8b.

In use, the edge angle 8 is placed on the edge plates Tr and the cable 2 passes above the support 9a of the cable deflection member. The pulley 10 makes it possible to direct the cable downwards towards the attachment devices 5 (see Figures 1 and 2).

We now refer to the . There shows a front view of a spacer member 4.

The spacer member 4 comprises a first part 4a and a second part 4b.

The first part 4a of the spacer member 4 comprises a threaded cylindrical rod 4c capable of cooperating with the second part 4b and which has at one of its ends a base 4d fixed to the threaded rod 4c by a nut 4th. The threaded rod 4c, the base 4d and the nut 4e are assembled by welding. Under the base 4d, there is a rubber buffer 4f which makes it possible to protect the roof during the positioning of the spacer member 4 on the roof.

The second part 4b of the spacer member 4 is a tubular element capable of receiving the first part 4a at one of its ends so that the latter can slide inside the second part 4b.

Before positioning each of the spacer members 4 on the roof, the first part 4a is introduced into the second part 4b, having previously placed on the threaded rod 4c of the first part 4a a counter-nut 4g, a nut 4h and a washer 4r, the washer 4r coming into contact against the lower part of the second part 4b. Each of the spacer members 4 is then placed between the roof and the cable 2. In order to adjust the height of the spacer member 4 to the desired length, the second part 4b is raised relative to the first part 4a to the desired length. This action is done by action on the nut 4h located under the second part 4b. By turning the nut 4h in the appropriate direction using a wrench, the second part 4b moves upwards. By doing so, the cable 2 is moved upwards, which makes it possible to increase the tension of said cable 2. Then in order to block the position of the second part 4b with respect to the first part 4a, we tighten the counter -4g nut versus 4h nut.

At the end of the second part 4b opposite the end capable of cooperating with the first part 4a, there is a cable clamp 4i through which the cable 2 passes. Below the cable clamp 4i, there is a cap 4j which makes it possible to protect the second part 4b from internal corrosion.

We now refer to the . This figure shows an installation variant of the device 1 for a very long roof T.

A support member 7 is fixed to a beam P of the building B located close to the roof T and at the center of the length of the building B. The support member 7 passes through the corrugated sheets To of the roof T. This support member 7 has at its end opposite to its end by which it is fixed to the beam P a ring 7a. The ring 7a of the support member is arranged near the top of a corrugated sheet To.

Compared to the embodiment presented in relation to Figures 1 and 2, the only difference with the embodiment presented in relation to the is that the cable 2 is passed through the ring 7a of the support member 7.

By doing so, cable 2 presents a succession of flattened V-shaped regions opening downwards. This makes it possible to increase the resistance to uplift of the roof by increasing the tension of the cable 2 and therefore the force that the latter exerts on the spacer members 4 without having to reach too great a height for each point of the flattened V regions.

Reference is now made to Figures 3 to 6. Figures 3 and 5 schematically represent a double-pitched roof (on the ) and single slope (on the ).

The installation of cables 2 as well as attachment devices is done in the same way as described for Figures 1 and 2.

In particular, on the , it can be seen that the two cables 2 which are in the vicinity of the ridge of the roof are attached to the same attachment members 5, the latter being positioned on the wall M of the building plumb with the ridge of the roof.

Figures 4 and 6 show the buildings of Figures 3 and 5 on which a device 1 with a transverse connecting cable 6 has been used.

The installation of the cables 2 above the roof is carried out in the same way as for the embodiment related to Figures 1 and 2.

Before the arrangement of the spacers 4, we will fix one end of the transverse connecting cable 6 to the cable 2 positioned lowest on the roof. Then a tensioning device 3 is fixed on the free end of the transverse connecting cable 6. The tensioning device 3 of the transverse connecting cable 6 is then attached to the cable 2 positioned highest on the roof. The device 3 for tensioning the transverse connecting cable 6 is then actuated in order to bring the cables 2 closer together, which makes it possible to increase the tension and the stability of the latter. A cable clamp S is also placed at the level of the crossing between the transverse connecting cable 6 and the cable 2 placed between the cable 2 positioned lowest and the cable 2 close to the top of the roof. The cable clamp S makes it possible to clamp together the cable 2 and the transersal connecting cable 6 which cross each other.

We then place the spacer members 4 in the same way as for the embodiment related to Figures 1 and 2.

We now refer to Figures 11 and 12.

In this embodiment, the attachment members 5 are fixed to the roof. The attachment members 5 comprise a threaded rod 5a. When fixing the attachment member 5, the threaded rod 5a passes through the roof T and the corrugated sheet To. It is then blocked by fixing nuts 5b and 5c in order to maintain the threaded rod 5a in position .

At each of its ends, the threaded rod 5a has an assembly consisting of a washer and a ring, the washer 5d and the ring 5f at the end of the threaded rod 5a protruding from the roof and the washer 5e and the ring 5g at the end of the threaded rod under the roof T and whose role will be indicated below.

We represented on the , the arrangement of a device according to the invention for a roof T with four sides and devoid of edges.

In the example shown, the roof T is made up of two trapezoidal sections and two triangular sections.

In this situation, a fastening device 5 is fixed directly on the roof in the vicinity of each of the angles of all the sections of the roof.

A cable 2 is then hooked to the ring 5f of a hooking device located at a first corner of a roof section. A tensioning member 3 is placed at the free end of the cable 2 and the tensioning member 3 is hooked to the hooking member 5 located opposite the first angle along the edge of the roof. The tensioning device 3 is then actuated to tension the cable 2.

Each cable is installed in the same way so that the cables follow the edges of the section in question. Then a connecting cable 6 is placed between two cables 2 by fixing one of the ends of the connecting cable 6 to a cable 2. A member 3 for tensioning is attached to the connecting cable 6 and the member 3 for tensioning the cable 2 opposite so that the connecting cable 6 is parallel to the lower longitudinal edges of the roof. The tensioning device 3 is then actuated to tension the cable 6.

The spacer members 4 are then positioned in the same way as described above for the embodiment relating to Figures 1 and 2. The length of the spacer members 4 is then adjusted so that the cables 2 is not parallel to the plane of the roof section on which the cables are positioned.

In particular, it is also possible to fix a 2″ tension cable to the ring 5g of the attachment member 5, located under the roof T, and fix said cable to the ground or to the internal structure of the building in order to increase the uplift resistance of the roof T.

Claims (10)

– Device (1) for preventing uplift under the effect of the wind of the roof (T) of a building (B), in particular of a corrugated iron roof, by installing a set of cables retaining cable (2) stretched above the latter, characterized in that it comprises, for each retaining cable (2):

• at least one member (3) for tensioning the latter;
• at least one spacer member (4) adjustable in length, able to come, in the mounting position, to rest on the roof (T) while being placed vertically between the roof (T) and the holding cable (2) considered in a position where said retaining cable (2) exerts a pressure force on the upper part of the spacer member (4) so that the latter exerts a pressure force on the roof (T); And
• an attachment member (5) of said cable (2) to the structure of the building or to the ground.

– Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a spacer member (4) comprises an elongated body in two parts (4a, 4b) capable of being moved in translation one relative to the another and to be fixed to each other when a desired length of said body is obtained for the mounting position, the first part (4a) being intended to be applied to the roof (T) and for this purpose forming or being connected to a base (4d) at its end opposite to the region of connection to the second part (4b), said base (4d) advantageously having a shape allowing it to match the part of the roof (T) on which it is intended to come to rest, and the second part (4b) carrying a cable clamp (4i) at its end opposite to the region of connection to the first part (4a). – Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first part (4a) consists of a cylindrical rod (4c) and the second part (4b) of a tubular element in which the cylindrical rod (4c) is suitable to slide, the blocking of the two parts relative to each other at the desired height being effected by means of a nut (4h) capable of cooperating with a threaded region of the first part (4a) and to bear on one side against the lower end of the second part (4b) and on the other side against at least one lock nut (4g) located under the nut (4h) in the assembly position. – Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises at least one support member (7) for a holding cable (2), which is suitable for being fixed, by one of its ends, to the structure of the building (B), and if necessary passing through the roof (T), and which comprises, at its other end, a ring (7a) for passing the retaining cable (2). – Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a retaining cable (2) is arranged to pass over the roof such that its two ends are fixed to the respective walls (M) of the building (B),

• said cable (2) comprising at least one of its ends a member (3) for tensioning the latter capable of being connected to a member (5) for attaching said cable (2) to the wall of the building (B), said attachment member (5) being able to be common to two tensioning members (3), an attachment member (5) also being able to receive the end of a tensioning cable (2'' ) the other end of which is capable of being fixed to the structure of the building or to the ground; Or
• said cable being made in two parts connected by a member for tensioning the two cable parts above the roof.

– Device (1) according to claim 5, in which at least one holding cable (2) passes at least at one end above an edge in order to be folded downwards and to be able to be fixed to the associated wall and/or on the ground near this wall, characterized in that it also comprises, by cable and by edge:

• an edge angle iron (8) which is intended to be applied against the edge of the roof concerned in the region through which the retaining cable (2) passes and which comprises a wing (8a) on the roof side and a wing (8b) on the ripe ; And
• a member (9) for deviating the retaining cable (2) comprising a support (9a) capable of being applied to the roof-side wing (8a) of the said edge angle iron (8) in order to be fixed there and to protrude of the roof (T) to form a projection over which the retaining cable (2) is adapted to pass in order to be deflected downwards in the mounting position, said support (9a) possibly comprising, at its projecting end projecting from the roof in the mounting position, a pulley (10) on which the cable (2) is able to be arranged,

the attachment member (5) associated with said end of the holding cable being anchored in the wall. – Device according to claim 5, in which at least one retaining cable (2) is held at one of its ends on the roof, characterized in that it further comprises an attachment member (5) at the roof of said holding cable (2) via this end, said attachment member (5) also being able to receive the end of a tensioning cable (12'') the other end of which is capable of being fixed to the structure of the building or on the ground. – Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that several holding cables (2) are provided which can be arranged parallel to each other and/or so as to follow the edges of a roof. – Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least two holding cables (2) parallel or opposite, characterized in that it further comprises between said at least two cables at least one connecting cable (6 ) which may include a member (3) tensioning. – Method of mounting on the roof of a building of a device (1) as defined in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the following successive operations are carried out:

• provide the holding cables (2) for the roof in question with their tensioning devices (3);
• fixing the tensioning members (3) to the attachment members (5) at the locations considered on the structure of the building (B) or on the ground;
• where appropriate, positioning of at least one support member (7) and installation of the associated holding cable (2) in said support member (7);
• tensioning of the holding cables (2) by actuating the members (3) for tensioning them;
• if necessary, installation of the connection cable(s) (6); And
• laying under each holding cable (2) of at least one spacer member (4) and adjusting the length of the latter so that a holding cable (2) thus stretched is not parallel to the roof , thus improving the force exerted by the retaining cable (2) on the spacer members (4) and thereby on the roof (T).