FR3119369A1 - UNDERWATER DEVICE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE HULL WITHSTANDING THE MAXIMUM IMMERSION PRESSURE - Google Patents

Abstract

Underwater vehicle comprising at least one hull resistant to the maximum immersion pressure This underwater vehicle (1) comprising at least one thick hull (2) resistant to the maximum immersion pressure, is characterized in that it further comprises an airlock (4) for implementing a diver, placed outside the thick hull, and which comprises at least one shared partition with at least one other piece of equipment (2, 7, 8) of the machine submarine. Figure for the abstract: Figure 1

Description

Underwater vehicle comprising at least one hull resistant to the maximum immersion pressure

The present invention relates to an underwater vehicle such as a submarine proper.

More particularly, the invention relates to an underwater vehicle comprising at least one thick hull resistant to the maximum immersion pressure.

It is known that underwater vehicles can be used in particular to implement one or more divers, for example belonging to special units.

Several systems for launching and recovering these divers have already been proposed in the state of the art.

Thus, for example, the weapon launch tubes of the underwater vehicle, also known as the torpedo tube, can be used to implement these divers.

The submarine's kiosk or massive can also be used for this purpose by incorporating an airlock.

Special airlocks constituting an extension of the thick hull of the submarine have also been proposed.

But all these systems have a number of drawbacks insofar as the means of implementation of the divers are subjected to the maximum pressure of immersion, occupy in most cases an important place in the thick hull and constitute a difficulty specific during the manufacture and qualification of the underwater vehicle.

The object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.

To this end, the subject of the invention is an underwater vehicle comprising at least one thick hull resistant to the maximum immersion pressure, characterized in that it further comprises an airlock for implementing a diver, placed at the exterior of the thick hull, and which comprises at least one shared partition with at least one other item of equipment of the underwater vehicle.

According to other characteristics of the machine according to the invention, taken alone or in combination:

- the other equipment is formed by a ballast box and/or a control box;

- the airlock is connected to the thick hull by a first crossing and to the external environment of the underwater vehicle by a second crossing and the machine comprises at least one weapon launching tube, associated with means of filling/emptying for checking the operation of this tube, and the airlock for implementing the diver(s) is connected to these filling/emptying means of this weapon launch tube to pool these and allow piloting of the operation of the airlock using at least some of these means;

- it comprises means for placing the airlock in equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle outside of the diver's implementation phases and/or when the depth of immersion of the underwater vehicle exceeds a predetermined value;

- the means for putting the airlock at equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle include controllable means for opening the second crossing;

- the means for putting the airlock at equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle comprise a pipe for connecting the airlock to the environment of the vehicle, provided with a controllable valve;

- shared resources include:

- at least one filling/emptying box,

- at least one compensation fund,

- trim adjustment means, and

- air and water ducts;

- the first passage between the airlock and the thick hull of the underwater vehicle is formed by a weapons loading passage in the latter;

- the second crossing of the airlock towards the outside of the underwater vehicle is aligned with the first crossing to allow the loading of weapons into the underwater vehicle;

- the or each crossing comprises a coaming associated with a controllable closing panel.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the represents a block diagram illustrating the structure of an underwater vehicle according to the invention; and
• [Fig. 2 to 6] Figures 2 to 6 illustrate schematic views representing a cycle for implementing divers using an underwater vehicle according to the invention.

It has indeed been illustrated in these figures and in particular in the , an underwater vehicle designated by the general reference 1 in these figures.

This underwater vehicle is for example a submarine proper.

This conventionally comprises a thick hull designated by the general reference 2, that is to say resistant to the maximum immersion pressure and in which the crew is.

The underwater vehicle also comprises, for example, an outer hull designated by the general reference 3, around the thick hull, not resistant to immersion pressure and at the front of which are arranged a certain number of functional organs. of the submarine.

These organs are then placed for example in a framework of the front of the submarine, as will be described in more detail later.

In fact, in the underwater vehicle according to the invention, there is provided an airlock for implementing divers which is designated by the general reference 4 in these figures.

This airlock is placed outside the thick hull 2, for example at the front of the latter, in the frame and is connected to this thick hull of the submarine by a first crossing designated by the general reference 5 on these figures.

This airlock 4 is also connected to the external environment of the underwater vehicle by a second crossing designated by the general reference 6.

Means are also provided for placing the airlock in equal pressure with the exterior of the underwater vehicle outside the phases of implementation of divers and/or when the depth of immersion of the underwater vehicle exceeds a predetermined value, such as for example a depth of 55m called safety depth.

Of course, other values can be considered.

As indicated above, other organs or equipment of the submarine can be provided in this front part of the underwater vehicle, such as equipment designated by the references 7 and 8 in these figures.

These include, for example, organs or equipment chosen from the group comprising compensation funds, trim adjustment means, etc.

Crossings such as crossings 5 and 6 each comprise a coaming 9 and 10 respectively, associated with a blanking panel 11 and 12 respectively.

These blanking panels can be opened and closed, for example remotely, from inside the thick shell.

As illustrated, the airlock 4 can also include partitions that can be pooled, that is to say common or shared with the other organs or equipment 7, 8 of the underwater vehicle, and with the thick hull 2 of the submarine. sailor as illustrated.

As previously indicated, means are also provided for placing the airlock in equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle outside the implementation phases of the diver(s) and/or when the immersion depth of the underwater vehicle exceeds the predetermined value.

These means include, for example, controllable means for opening the second crossing 6, such as for example means for opening the panel 12 of this second crossing 6.

Other embodiments of these means can be envisaged and these means for placing the lock in equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle can also, for example, comprise a pipe for connecting the lock to the environment of the machine, fitted with a controllable valve.

An embodiment of this is illustrated in these figures, the pipe being designated by the general reference 13 and the valve controlled by the general reference 14 in these figures.

The underwater vehicle is also equipped with at least one weapon launch tube associated with filling/emptying means for checking the operation of this tube.

These means are designated by the general reference 15 in these figures, and therefore comprise means making it possible to control the operation of the tube in association with a water filling/emptying box designated by the general reference 16 in this figure.

Depending on the operating needs of the weapon-launching tube, these means make it possible to transfer water between the tube and the body and vice versa, to fill or empty it.

Means of compensation and trim adjustment can also operate according to this principle.

Air and water conduits are then used to connect the tube and these boxes.

In fact, in the machine according to the invention, the means 15 and 16 of filling / emptying for the control of the operation of the weapon launch tube are also connected to the airlock 4 of implementation of the divers, to mutualize that is to say, sharing these means and allowing the operation of the airlock to be controlled by using at least part of these filling/emptying means.

As indicated above, a first crossing 5 is provided between the airlock 4 and the thick hull 2 of the underwater vehicle.

In the underwater vehicle according to the invention, the first crossing 5 between the airlock and the thick hull of the underwater vehicle is formed by a weapon loading crossing therein.

Indeed, weapons such as torpedoes or missiles are loaded into the underwater vehicle, for example through a specific passage through its thick hull.

In the underwater vehicle according to the invention, this weapon loading crossing is used to also allow the circulation of divers between the thick hull and the airlock.

In the example illustrated, the second crossing 6 between the airlock and the outside of the underwater vehicle is aligned with the first crossing 5 to allow in particular the loading of weapons into the underwater vehicle, in particular weapons having a substantial length such as for example torpedoes or missiles.

Of course, many other embodiments can also be envisaged.

In Figures 2 to 6, there is illustrated a cycle of implementation of divers from an underwater vehicle according to the invention.

The beginning of the cycle is illustrated on the which represents the initial state of the underwater vehicle, in which the airlock 4 is full of water and open to the outside to be at equal pressure with the environment of the submarine.

As indicated previously, this is obtained for example either by opening the panel 12 of the second crossing 6, or by opening the valve 14 of the pipe 13.

In this case, the airlock 4 is therefore at equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle and is not subjected to the maximum immersion pressure and the underwater vehicle can therefore evolve completely freely.

When one wishes to implement divers, the underwater vehicle goes back to an immersion of implementation of divers such as for example to an immersion above 55m.

The airlock 4 is then isolated from the outside of the underwater vehicle by closing the panel 12 of the second crossing 6 and/or the valve 14 of the pipe 13 as shown in the .

The airlock 4 can then be emptied into the box 16 for filling/emptying the weapon-launching tubes by using the means 15 for controlling them.

This emptying is done with low pressure air and uses the existing installation dedicated to filling/emptying the tubes.

Once the airlock has been emptied, it is put under pressure from inside the thick hull using specific connection means and the panel 11 of the first crossing 5 is opened.

The diver(s) can then leave the thick hull 2 and enter the airlock 4 via the first crossing 5.

Then the panel 11 of the first crossing is closed, and the airlock is filled again using water from the box for filling/draining the weapon launcher tubes.

The air from the airlock is then sent either into the enclosure of the thick shell, or outside.

This is illustrated on the .

On the , it can be seen that once the airlock has been filled with water, it suffices to balance the internal pressure of the airlock with the pressure outside the underwater vehicle, for example by again using the pipe 13 and the valve 14 previously described.

Once this equal pressure has been obtained, the panel 12 of the second crossing 6 can be opened to allow the divers to exit.

We find ourselves at the final stage illustrated on the , in which the airlock 4 has returned to its initial state, that is to say filled with water and at equal pressure with the external environment of the underwater vehicle.

The recovery of the divers is done by carrying out a reverse cycle to that which has just been described.

It is then conceivable that such an underwater vehicle has a certain number of advantages.

Indeed, the airlock shares shared partitions with other equipment of the underwater vehicle and its thick hull.

This airlock also shares shared equipment with other existing installations on board, such as, for example, installations for filling/emptying weapon launch tubes, loading weapons, compensation, adjustment, etc.

This makes it easier to prepare for the deployment of swimmers, while having very little or no impact on the weight and stability of the submarine.

The airlock described above can be integrated into the front frame of an underwater vehicle and can for example be modular.

It is therefore no longer an internal equipment with a thick shell resistant to the maximum immersion pressure, which was complex to handle, produce and qualify.

Of course, many other embodiments can be envisaged.

Claims (10)

Underwater vehicle (1) comprising at least one thick hull (2) resistant to the maximum immersion pressure, characterized in that it further comprises an airlock (4) for implementing a diver, placed at the exterior of the thick hull, and which comprises at least one shared partition with at least one other item of equipment (2, 7, 8) of the underwater vehicle. Underwater vehicle (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the other equipment (2, 7, 8) is formed by a ballast box and/or an adjustment box. Underwater vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lock (4) is connected to the thick hull (2) by a first crossing (5) and to the external environment of the underwater vehicle via a second crossing (6) and the vehicle comprises at least one weapon launch tube, associated with filling/emptying means (15, 16) for checking the operation of this tube, and that the airlock (4) for implementing the plunger(s) is connected to these filling/emptying means of this weapon launch tube to pool them and allow the operation of the airlock to be controlled by using at least part these means. Underwater vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means (12; 13, 14) for bringing the airlock into equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle in outside the diver implementation phases and/or when the immersion depth of the underwater vehicle exceeds a predetermined value. Underwater vehicle (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for placing the airlock at equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle comprise controllable means for opening the second crossing (6). Underwater vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the means for bringing the airlock into equal pressure with the environment of the underwater vehicle comprise a pipe (13) for connecting the airlock to the environment of the machine, provided with a controllable valve (14). Underwater vehicle (1) according to Claim 3 and any one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the shared means comprise:

• at least one filling/emptying box,
• at least one compensation fund;
• trim adjustment means; and
• air and water ducts.

Underwater vehicle (1) according to Claim 3 and any one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the first passage (5) between the airlock (4) and the thick hull (2) of the underwater vehicle -sailor is formed by a weapon loading traverse in it. Underwater vehicle (1) according to Claim 3 and any one of Claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the second passage (6) of the airlock (4) towards the outside of the underwater vehicle is aligned with the first crossing (5) to allow the loading of weapons in the underwater vehicle. Underwater vehicle (1) according to Claim 3 and any one of Claims 4 to 9, characterized in that each crossing (5, 6) comprises a coaming (9,10) associated with a controllable closing panel ( 11, 12).