FR3096225A1 - Seed drill - Google Patents

Abstract

Seeder comprising a support (12) intended to be towed by an agricultural machine in a direction of advance (F), the seeder comprising: an opening disc (14), rotatably mounted on the support so as to provide a slot main (F1) in the ground (S) in a service position; a sowing device (15) rigidly fixed to the support (12) and configured to, in the service position, extend at least partially into said main slot to deposit a compound therein; a tool (42; 50) for filling the main slot, rigidly fixed to the support and, in the service position, in sliding contact with the ground. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

Description Title of the invention: Seed drill Technical field

The present invention relates to a seeder intended to be fixed on an agricultural machine.

Such a seeder is intended to place a compound, in particular a seed or a fertilizer, in the ground.

The invention also relates to a sowing method using such a seed drill.

Prior art

[0002] Application FR 3 070 233 discloses a drill comprising a drill descent opening into a slot formed in the ground by an opening disc.

[0003] However, with such a seeder, plants can accumulate in front of the seeder descent and interfere with the deposit of seeds.

[0004] Furthermore, this drill comprises a closing wheel allowing the filling of the slot in which the seeds have been deposited.

[0005] However, the filling is not always satisfactory, especially in the deepest part of the slot.

Birds can therefore eat some of the seeds.

Germination is also slowed down.

[0006] There is a need for a new seed drill that makes it possible to solve, at least partially, the aforementioned problems.

Summary of the invention 100071 The invention proposes a seeder comprising a support intended, in a service position, to be towed by an agricultural machine in a direction of advance, the seeder comprising: - an opening disc mounted to rotate on the support so as to provide a slot in the ground, or "main slot" - a sowing device rigidly fixed on the support and configured to, in the service position, extend at least partially into said main slot to deposit therein a compound.

100081 According to a first main embodiment, the seeder further comprises a pinch roller mounted to rotate on the support around an axis X so as to roll on the ground in front of the seeding device, the longitudinal distance, in the direction of advancement, between the support zone of the pinch wheel on the ground and the seeding device being less than 10 cm.

100091 As will be seen in more detail later in the description, the pinch wheel is intended, in the service position, to pinch plants against the ground.

Thus retained, the plants are released by the sowing device which pushes them and 2 rotates them around the pinch point.

The risk of accumulation of plants against the seeding device is therefore considerably reduced.

[0010] A seeder according to the first main embodiment of the invention may also comprise one or more of the following optional characteristics: the longitudinal distance, in the direction of advancement, between the support zone of the pinch roller on the ground and the sowing device is less than 20 cm, 10 cm, 5 cm, preferably less than 3 cm and/or greater than 0.5 cm; the transverse distance, in a transverse direction, between the support zone of the pinch wheel on the ground and the plane of the opening disc is less than 30 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm and/or greater than 0.5 cm, preferably greater than 1 cm; the transverse distance between the support zone of the pinch roller on the ground and the plane of the opening disc is less than 30 mm; the pinch wheel is rotatably mounted on an X-axis pivot, the X-axis extending in a transverse plane; the axis X forms, with a horizontal plane, an angle greater than 50, preferably greater than 70, and/or less than 30', preferably less than 15°; the drill comprises a support arm, fixed to the support and carrying said pivot; the lower end of the support arm is, in the direction of travel, in front of the upper end of the support arm; the seeder comprises an elastic thrust member of the pinch roller towards the ground, the elastic thrust member being preferably interposed between the support arm and the support.

[0011] According to a second main embodiment, the drill further comprises a tool for filling in the main slot formed by the opening disc, the filling tool being rigidly fixed to the support and, in the service position, in slippery contact with the ground.

As will be seen in more detail in the rest of the description, unlike a static contact obtained with a conventional closing wheel, a sliding contact has proven to be particularly effective in filling the main slot without forming cavity inside this slot.

Thus, the seed deposited in the ground is properly buried.

Its germination is facilitated.

[0013] A seeder according to the second main embodiment of the invention may also include one or more of the following optional characteristics: the transverse distance between the seeding device and the filling tool is less than 30 mm, less than 20 mm , preferably less than 10 mm; 3 the lower opening of the main seeder chute is in front of the filling tool; the filling tool is a cracking tool arranged so as to form a secondary slot parallel to the main slot, preferably a secondary coulter or a secondary aperture disc; the transverse distance between the main coulter and the cracking tool is greater than 1 mm and/or less than 100 mm, preferably less than 30 mm, preferably less than 20 mm; the cracking tool is configured to provide a secondary slot whose volume is greater than 0.5 times the volume of the main slot and/or whose depth is greater than 0.5 times the depth of the main slot; the cracking tool is a secondary coulter having a tapered leading edge, preferably made of tungsten carbide; the secondary coulter has a thickness of less than 60 mm, preferably less than 30 mm, preferably less than 15 mm; the seeder comprises a secondary seeder descent configured for depositing a compound in the secondary slot, preferably for depositing a fertilizer, preferably in the form of granules; the seeder comprises a scraper configured to rub on the ground in the service position so as to push soil into the main slot; the scraper is rotatably mounted on the support; the drill comprises an elastic pushing member of the scraper towards the ground; the seeder comprises first and second so-called filling tools arranged on the right and on the left, respectively, of the seeding device, the right and the left being defined with respect to the direction of advance, for example a scraper and a secondary coulter, two secondary coulters or two secondary opener discs.

[0014] Whatever the embodiment, a seeder according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following optional and preferred characteristics: the seeding device comprises a main seeder descent and a main coulter for widening the slot main, the seed drill opening behind said main coulter; the main coulter is mounted on the support via an adapter detachable from the support; the main coulter is mounted on the adapter and detachable from said adapter; the main coulter includes a tungsten carbide leading edge; the drill comprises, behind the seeding device, a wheel for closing said main slot.

100151 The invention also relates to a sowing method in which a seed drill according to the invention is towed in the service position and in the direction of advancement, the sowing device being used to drive seeds into the main slot formed by the opening disk.

[0016] According to the first main embodiment, the pinch wheel rolls on the

[0017] According to the second main embodiment, seeds are deposited in a main slot formed in the ground, then said main slot is filled, at least partially, by providing a secondary slot in the ground.

In a preferred embodiment of the second main embodiment, a fertilizer is deposited in said secondary slot by means of said secondary drill descent.

Of course, the embodiments and the optional characteristics of these different embodiments can be combined.

Brief description of figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the detailed description which follows and on examining the plates of figures in which:

[0021] [fig.1] schematically shows, seen from the side, a seeder according to an embodiment of the invention, and, below this side view, the slots made in the ground by this seeder;

W8.21 shows a detail of the drill of Figure 1;

schematically shows the drill of Figure 1, seen from the opposite side, the opening wheel having been removed;

[0024] [fig.4] shows a front view of a drill having a pinch wheel, without filling tool;

W8.51 schematically shows the drill of Figure 1, in perspective seen from below, the scraper is not visible;

[0026] [fig.6] shows a rear view of a drill having a pinch wheel and a secondary coulter, without closing wheel.

Definitions 100271 The "service position" is conventionally the position in which the seeder is pulled by an agricultural machine, conventionally a tractor, on substantially horizontal ground, so as to sow seeds in the ground.

The ground is considered to be sufficiently firm to avoid the sinking of the parts intended to rest on it, such as the closing wheels, the pinch rollers or, where applicable, the scrapers.

100281 The direction of travel or "longitudinal direction" is the oriented direction F (figure 1) in which the seed drill is intended to be towed into the service position.

[0029] A “longitudinal” distance or dimension is measured in the direction of travel.

The lengths are measured according to the direction of travel.

[0030] A longitudinal plane is a vertical plane parallel to the direction of travel.

[0031] The median longitudinal plane is the longitudinal plane in which the aperture disc extends.

The arrow referenced "V" is vertical and points upwards.

[0033] A transverse plane is a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel F.

A "transverse" direction T is a horizontal direction and in a transverse plane.

The thicknesses are measured in a transverse direction.

A "transverse" distance or dimension is measured along a transverse direction.

[0035] In the present description, the adjectives "lower", "upper", "horizontal", "vertical", "front", "behind", "front", "rear", "right", "left" and “lateral” are defined in relation to the direction of travel (the arrow F therefore points “forward”).

[0036] A “sliding contact” between two elements is a contact according to which, in the contact zone, the two elements are not stationary relative to each other.

[0037] A part is “fixed” to another part when it is rigidly fixed to the latter or when the possible movements are guided.

The fixing can be direct or via one or more other parts, for example via an adapter.

[0038] A part, in particular a scraper, is configured to "rub" on the ground when this part, in the service position, is in sliding contact with the ground and rests on the ground.

Alternatively, this part may, in the service position, be in sliding contact with the ground and penetrate the ground superficially, that is to say penetrate the ground to a depth, measured in a vertical direction, less than 15 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, preferably less than 1 mm.

[0039] The adjectives "main" and "secondary" are used for purposes of clarity only.

[0040] The equivalent diameter of a section or an opening is the diameter of a disc having the same area as said section or opening.

[0041] The verbs "understand" or "behave" or "present" must be interpreted in a non-restrictive manner, unless otherwise indicated.

Detailed description 6

As shown in Figure 1, in a preferred embodiment, a drill 10 according to the invention comprises a support 12 intended to be fixed on a transverse beam 13 and on which are successively mounted, from the front to the rear, an opening disc 14, a scmage device 15 comprising a main coulter 16 and a main seeder descent 18, and a closing wheel 20.

[0043] Preferably, the opening disc 14, the main coulter 16, the main drill downspout 18 and the closing wheel 20 extend substantially in a common plane, preferably vertical.

[0044] Conventionally, the opening disc 20 is intended, in the service position and when the drill is towed in the direction of travel, to form a main slot FI in the ground.

The main coulter 16 is intended to clear the ground well in front of the main seed drill 18, and preferably to widen the main slot.

The main seeder dc descent 18 is intended to guide a compound, conventionally seeds, to the bottom of the main slot.

Preferably, it is introduced into the main slot so as to emerge close to the bottom of the main slot.

Closing wheel 20 is intended to close the main slot after the compound has been deposited therein.

Preferably, the closing wheel is held against the ground by an elastic thrust member, not shown.

[0045] Preferably, the various parts of the drill comprise, or even consist of a high elastic limit steel, or "HLE", or stainless steel.

These parts can be reinforced locally with tungsten carbide and/or anti-abrasion welding.

[0046] Bracket

The beam 13 conventionally comprises fastening means, not shown, to agricultural machinery, conventionally a tractor.

The support 12, which can be made up of one or more parts, is the structure which makes it possible to secure the other parts to the beam 13.

It conventionally comprises a fastening attachment to the beam 13.

[0049] Opening disc

[0050] The opening disc 14 is preferably of generally discoidal shape in order to ensure the opening of a continuous main slot. 11 is rotatably mounted, preferably freely, on the support 12, about a horizontal transverse axis.

In one embodiment, it extends in a substantially vertical plane, which facilitates its penetration into the ground.

[0051] In one embodiment, its axis of rotation is inclined, with respect to a horizontal plane, by an angle greater than 30, greater than 5°, greater than 6°, and/or less than 10° , preferably less than 9°, preferably less than 8°.

The main slot is thus inclined.

The performance for cutting plants on the ground is improved.

The aperture disc 14 preferably has a diameter greater than 10 cm, greater than 20 cm, greater than 30 cm, greater than 40 cm, greater than 50 cm, greater than 60 cm, or even greater than 100 cm. , greater than 150 cm, and/or less than 250 cm, a diameter of 70 cm being preferred.

The thickness of the aperture disk 14, measured at 10 mm from its peripheral edge, is preferably less than 20 mm, preferably less than 15 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, preferably less than 8 mm. , or even less than 5 mm, or even less than 3 mm, or even less than 2 mm, and/or greater than 1 mm.

More preferably, the peripheral edge of aperture disk 14 is tapered.

In a preferred embodiment, the opening disc 14 carries one or two cylindrical belts 21 coaxial with the opening disc 14 and shaped to rest flat on the ground and limit the sinking into the ground.

[0055] Setnage device

The scmage device is intended for introducing the compound, preferably seeds, into the main slot.

It consists of the part or parts which, in the service position, are housed, at least partially, in the main slot.

The term "dividing line" refers to the line which, in the service position, separates the buried part of the seeding device 15, that is to say which extends into the main slot, and the floating part. of the sowing device, that is to say which extends above the ground S.

The point of the dividing line which is furthest forward is called "point of attack" A.

[0058] Main coulter

The main coulter 16 preferably extends substantially vertically.

[0060] 11 preferably has a maximum thickness greater than that of the peripheral part of the aperture disc used to create the main slot.

Preferably, the thickness of the main coulter is greater than that of the main downspout 18, which protects the downspout from abrasion.

This maximum thickness, measured transversely, is preferably greater than 10 min, preferably greater than 12 mm, or even greater than 14 mm and/or less than 60 mm, preferably less than 40 mm, preferably less than 30 mm.

Such a maximum thickness is well suited to depositing seeds.

[0061] The main coulter 16 can be mounted on the support by means of an adapter 22 fixed in a detachable manner to a strut 24 of the support.

Advantageously, the main coulter 16 can be detached from the drill without having to detach the entire support, which allows coulters of various shapes to be attached to the support.

The leading edge of the main coulter, preferably tapered, is preferably inclined towards the rear, forming an angle p with a transverse plane preferably greater than 300, 40°, 60° and/or less at 80°, at 70° (see figure 2).

The leading edge can be 8 removable.

Preferably, it is reinforced with tungsten carbide.

[0063] Main seeder lowering

The main seeder downpipe 18, which preferably has the general shape of a tube, opens through an upper opening and through a lower opening.

The upper opening is intended to be placed in communication with a source of the compound to be deposited, for example a reservoir of seeds or phytosanitary product (not shown), which may in particular be integral with the traction device or the support 12.

The lower opening 26 is intended to be placed in the main slot, preferably widened or consolidated by the passage of the main coulter 16.

The equivalent diameter of the main seeder downpipe is preferably greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 8 mm, or even greater than 10 mm and/or less than 50 mm, preferably less than 40 mm, 30 mm , preferably less than 25 mm.

[0066] Closing wheel

The closing wheel 20, preferably substantially vertical, is intended to close the widened slot in which the compound has been deposited.

The closing wheel 20 is conventionally rotatably mounted, preferably freely, on the support.

In a preferred embodiment, the closing wheel 20 is mounted on a suspension, for example comprising a jack, in particular hydraulic or pneumatic, by screw or spring.

The suspension is preferably shaped to elastically press the closing wheel 20 on the ground.

The closing wheel 20 preferably has a diameter greater than 10 cm, preferably greater than 20 cm, preferably greater than 25 cm, or even greater than 25 cm, greater than 50 cm, greater than 75 cm, greater than 90 cm, and/or less than 100 cm.

The width of the closing wheel 20, measured transversely, is preferably greater than 1 cm, preferably greater than 2 cm, preferably greater than 3 cm, more preferably greater than 4 cm, preferably greater than 5 cm and/or less than 10 cm, preferably less than 8 cm.

[0071] Pinch wheel

[0072] According to the first main embodiment, the drill further comprises a pinch wheel 30 mounted on the support 12, rotating, preferably freely rotating, about a pivot 32 of axis X.

The pinch wheel 30 preferably has an outer diameter greater than cm and / or less than 50 cm.

The pinch roller 30 preferably has a thickness greater than 0.5 cm, preferably 1 cm and/or less than 10 cm, preferably 5 cm, preferably less than 2 cm.

[0075] The rolling surface of the pinch wheel, that is to say the surface resting on the ground when, in the service position, the drill is towed in the direction of advancement, can be smooth or structured (crenellated in particular).

[0076] In one embodiment, the pinch wheel comprises or even consists of a polymer, preferably an elastomer, preferably a rubber.

Preferably, the pinch wheel is in the form of a tire preferably comprising an inner tube.

On a ground in which it does not sink, the pinch wheel 30 is shaped to, in the service position, rest on a "pinch line" LP.

The toe line can also be defined as the line consisting of the points on the toe wheel's running surface that are furthest downward from the X axis.

[0078] The pinch line LP extends in the same transverse plane as the pivot, known as the “pivot transverse plane” Pp.

The nip line is arranged in front of the seeding device 15, in particular in front of the attack point A.

Preferably, the longitudinal distance L30 between the point of attack A and the toe line LP is less than 15 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm and/or greater than 0.5 cm, preferably greater than 1 cm.

Preferably, the transverse distance ho between the median longitudinal plane P i 'and the pinch line is less than 15 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm, preferably less than 3 cm and / or greater than 0.5 cm, preferably greater than 1 cm.

[0082] The X axis of the pivot can be horizontal.

Preferably however, the axis X forms with a horizontal plane an angle θ greater than 5°, preferably greater than 7°, preferably greater than 15° and/or less than 30°.

Advantageously, this inclination makes it possible to bring the point of attack and the line of toe closer transversely, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0083] Preferably, the pivot 32 is mounted on the support via a support arm 34, the lower end of which preferably carries the pivot 32.

[0084] The support arm is preferably inclined forwards, that is to say that its upper end is in a transverse plane which lies behind the transverse plane of its lower end.

Preferably, the support arm forms, with a transverse plane, an angle u greater than 5°, preferably greater than 10° and/or less than 30°.

[0085] The support arm can be rigidly fixed to the support.

[0086] Preferably, the drill comprises an elastic thrust member 38 of the pinch roller towards the ground, for example a coil spring, inserted between the support and the support arm or between the pivot and the support arm.

Preferably, the force of the pusher is adjustable.

[0087] Filling tool

According to the second main embodiment, the drill further comprises a filling tool.

The filling tool is intended, in the service position and when the seeder is towed in the direction of advance F, to fill, at least in part, the main slot in which seeds have been deposited thanks to the descent of the seeder main.

The filling tool is therefore arranged on the support so as to fill the main slot after a compound has been deposited therein by the scmage device.

The action of the filling tool can be supplemented by the action of the closing wheel.

The filling tool is configured to, in the service position, be in sliding contact with the ground, so as to exert a dynamic action tending to push soil into the main slot.

Preferably, the longitudinal distance between the area of the filling tool in sliding contact with the ground and the lower opening 26 of the main seeder downpipe is less than 30 cm, 20 cm, 1 cm and/or greater at 0.5 cm.

[0092] Cracking tool

In one embodiment, the filling tool is a cracking tool configured so as to form a secondary slot F2 in the ground parallel to the main slot.

The transverse distance 142 between the two slots must be small enough for the creation of the secondary slot to transfer into the main slot the earth initially between the two slots.

Preferably, the transverse distance 142 between the main coulter and the cracking tool is greater than 1 inm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 10 min and/or less than 50 mm, 40 mm, 30 mm, to 20 mm, preferably less than 15 min. In one embodiment, this distance is substantially zero, ie the cracking tool scrapes a side wall of the main slot.

The creation of the secondary slit therefore widens the main slit, while causing soil to fall into the main slit.

Preferably, the cracking tool is configured to provide a secondary slot whose volume is greater than 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.5 or 2 times and/or less than 5 times the volume of the main crack, which ensures a significant displacement of earth for the filling of the main crack.

Preferably, the cracking tool has a thickness greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm or 15 mm and/or less than 30 mm, preferably less than 20 mm.

[0095] For the same reason, the cracking tool is preferably configured to provide a secondary slot whose depth is greater than 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 times and/or less than at 2, 1.5 or 1.2 times the depth of the main slot.

[0096] Preferably, the cracking tool is configured to provide a secondary slot substantially parallel to the main slot, which allows a substantially uniform action over the entire height of the secondary slot.

[0097] According to a preferred embodiment illustrated in Figure 4 or in Figure 5, the seeder comprises a secondary seeder descent 40 configured for depositing a compound, preferably a fertilizer, preferably in the form of granules , or alternatively in liquid form, in the secondary slot.

Advantageously, the seed drill can be used to simultaneously sow seeds and deposit fertilizer.

The formation of two separate slots advantageously makes it possible to avoid any contact between seeds and fertilizer.

[0098] In particular when the descent of the secondary seed drill is configured for depositing a fertilizer, the cracking tool is preferably configured to provide a secondary slot whose depth is greater than 1 time and/or less than 2 times, at 1.5 or 1.2 times the depth of the main slot, as shown in Figure 6.

The cracking tool can in particular be a secondary coulter 42.

[0100] Preferably, the secondary coulter 42 has a thickness greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm or 15 mm and/or less than 40 mm, preferably less than 30 mm, preferably less than 20 mm.

The transverse distance 142 between the main coulter and the secondary coulter is preferably less than 10 mm and greater than 5 mm, the main and secondary coulters preferably extending parallel to each other.

In other words, the main and secondary coulters extend side by side pai- relative to the forward direction F of the drill.

The secondary coulter preferably extends in a general plane having, in the service position and at ground level, an inclination, relative to a vertical longitudinal plane, of less than 30°, preferably less than 15°, preferably less than 10°, less than 5°, preferably substantially zero.

Preferably, the secondary coulter has the same inclination as the main coulter.

[0103] The leading edge 44 of the secondary coulter 42, preferably tapered, is preferably inclined towards the rear, forming an angle [3' with a transverse plane preferably greater than 30°, 400, 60° and/or less than 80°, 70° (see FIG. 3).

The angle [3' can be identical to the angle p.

[0104] The leading edge 44 can be removable.

Preferably, it is reinforced with tungsten carbide.

[0105] Other cracking tools than a coulter are possible.

In particular, the cracking tool can be a secondary opening disc, acting as the main slot opening disc.

The characteristics described above are applicable to such a secondary aperture disc.

In particular, the drill may comprise two secondary opening discs making it possible to provide two secondary slots on either side of the main slot so as to at least partially fill it.

A secondary coulter is preferred to meet the constraints of size and ease of manufacture.

[0106] Scraper

[0107] The filling tool can be a scraper 50 configured to rub on the ground and push soil towards the main slot.

The support surface of the scraper on the ground is referenced S50 in figure 1.

The scraper may include a contact pad 52 provided so that, in the service position, the scraper rubs on the ground via this contact pad.

[0109] Preferably, the transverse dimension of the scraper, in particular of the contact pad, is greater than 10 mm, preferably greater than 30 mm, preferably greater than 60 mm and/or less than 100 mm.

Preferably, the transverse dimension of the scraper is greater than the transverse dimension of the main coulter.

Preferably, the longitudinal dimension of the scraper, in particular of the contact pad, is greater than 10 mm, preferably greater than 40 mm, or even greater than 100 mm and/or less than 150 mm.

[0111] Preferably, the transverse distance between the main coulter and the scraper is less than 20 mm, preferably 10 mm, preferably 5 mm. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. distance is substantially zero, that is to say that the scraper comes into contact with the edge of the main slot.

The scraper therefore scrapes the edge of the main slot.

The scraper is preferably aligned with the main coulter in the direction of travel.

The longitudinal distance L50 separating the point of attack A and the scraper is preferably less than 50 cm, preferably less than 30 cm and/or greater than 10 cm or 20 cm.

[0113] Preferably, the scraper 50 is pivotally mounted on the support, preferably around a pivot with a transverse horizontal axis.

Preferably, its weight is sufficient to allow it to be held against the ground when the drill is towed in the direction of travel.

The pivot of the scraper is preferably, in the direction of advancement, in front of the bearing surface S50 of the scraper on the ground.

The scraper can also be mounted on a suspension, not shown, for example comprising a cylinder, in particular hydraulic or pneumatic, by screw or spring.

The suspension is preferably shaped to allow the scraper to move vertically and to press it elastically on the ground in the service position.

Advantageously, the support of the scraper on the ground is maintained even when the drill undergoes 13 jolts.

Also preferably, the stiffness of the suspension is adjustable.

A seeder descent can also be provided behind the scraper, in particular for spreading liquid fertilizer on the surface of the soil.

[0116] The drill can of course include several filling tools, and in particular a scraper and a secondary coulter, or two secondary coulters extending on either side of the main coulter with respect to the median longitudinal plane.

Secondary coulters can be the same or different.

[0117] Operation

[0118] The operation of a seed drill according to the invention follows directly from the preceding description.

The support is fixed to the beam 13, which itself is attached to a tractor, then pulled over the ground to be sown, depending on the direction of travel.

The opener disc 14 gradually sinks into the ground until the belt 21 limits this depression.

As it advances, opener 14 creates a narrow main slot FI.

The opener disc 14 acts like a pizza wheel.

Advantageously, the land does not need to be prepared.

The main coulter 16, housed in the main slot, preferably has a thickness greater than the width of the slot.

It therefore contributes to widening and consolidating it, which facilitates the deposit of seeds at the bottom of the main slot.

[0122] Seeds G are then gradually sown in the widened main slot, via the main seeder downpipe 26.

[0123] Plants 60 (symbolized by a dotted oval in FIG. 1) can, however, be interposed between the opening disc and the main coulter.

These plants are however pinched between the ground and the pinch wheel.

This pinching, along the pinching line LP is substantially punctual and allows the rotation of these plants when they come into contact with the main coulter, at the point of attack A, as shown in Figure I.

This blocking of the plants advantageously facilitates their rotation flat, on the ground (thick arrow in FIG. 1).

They can thus come around the main coulter and not accumulate.

[0124] After a seed has been deposited in the main slot, the main slot is at least partially filled with the sliding contact filling tool(s).

In particular, a secondary slot F2 is created by the secondary coulter, close to the main slot.

The earth between these two slots is therefore pushed back towards the main slot.

Preferably, a fertilizer in granules E is spread in the secondary slot via the secondary drill descent 40.

The scraper 50 rubs on the ground S, close to the main slot, so as to push soil into the main slot.

The closing wheel 20 finally rolls over the at least partly filled slot 14 to close it even more.

[0128] Tests have shown that a seeder according to the invention causes substantially no plant jams in front of the seeding device.

It leaves behind a substantially flat surface, in which the main crack is well closed, which prevents birds from eating the sown seeds and facilitates germination.

[0129] Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, provided for illustrative purposes only.

[Claim 1]

Claims (1)

CLAIMS Seed drill comprising a support (12) intended to be towed by an agricultural machine in a direction of advance (F), the seed drill comprising: an opening disc (14), rotatably mounted on the support so as to form a slot main (F1) in the ground (S) in a service position; a seeding device (15) rigidly attached to the support (12) and configured to, in the service position, extend at least partially into said main slot to deposit a compound therein; a filling tool (42; 50) for the main slot, rigidly fixed to the support and, in the service position, in sliding contact with the ground. [Claim 2] Seeder according to the preceding claim, in which the transverse distance (142) between the seeding device and the filling tool is less than 30 mm [Claim 3] Seeder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the filling tool is a cracking tool (42) arranged so as to create a secondary slot (F2) parallel to the main slot. [Claim 4] Seeder according to the immediately preceding claim, in which the seeding device comprises a main coulter (16), the transverse distance between the main coulter and the cracking tool is less than 30 mm, preferably less than 20 mm . [Claim 5] Seeder according to the immediately preceding claim, in which the transverse distance between the main coulter and the cracking tool is greater than 1 mm [Claim 6] Seeder according to any one of the three immediately preceding claims, in which the the cracking tool is configured to form a secondary slot whose volume is greater than 0.5 times the volume of the main slot and/or whose depth is greater than 0.5 times the depth of the main slot. [Claim?] Seeder according to any one of the four immediately preceding claims, in which the cracking tool is a secondary coulter (40) having a leading edge (44) forming an angle ri' 16 greater than 30 ' with a transverse plane. [Claim 8] A seeder according to any one of the five immediately preceding claims, including a secondary seeder chute (40) configured to deposit compound into the secondary slot. [Claim 9] Seed drill according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a scraper (50) configured to scrape the ground in the service position so as to push soil into the main slot. [Claim 10] Seeder according to the immediately preceding claim, wherein the scraper is rotatably mounted on the support, the seeder preferably comprising an elastic thrust member of the scraper towards the ground. [Claim 11] Seeder according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising first and second said filling tools (42,50) arranged to the right and to the left, respectively, of the seeding device (15), the right and the left being defined with respect to the direction of travel.